Tourism Decision Research Articles

FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEPUTUSAN WISATAWAN DOMESTIK KE CAFE EL LAGO, KINTAMANI, BALI

Pandemic has a major impact on the tourism sector in Bali, many of tourist attractions are closed due to the effect of Covid-19 and some of it turn to a restaurant or cafe business, one of popular cafe is Cafe El Lago which has a unique buildings and located near Batur mountain and it is suitable as a place for relaxation. The purpose of this study is to find out the characteristics and factors that influence the decision of domestic tourists to visit Cafe El Lago. The sample in this study is 100 domestic tourists with sampling techniques is purposive sampling. Data was taken in this study by using observation techniques, questionnaires, documentation and literature studies. Data were analyzed using validity tests, reliability tests and factor analysis techniques. The results showed that there are 6 variable factors that affectingdomestic tourists from 23 indicators. The six (6) factors have eigenvalue > 1 with a cumulative eigenvalue value of 63,32%.The most dominant factor from overal factors is service factor has an eigenvalue value of 6,99 with a total variance of 16,71% consists of six forming indicators consisting of (1) speed, (2) friendliness. (3) accuracy, (4) directions. (5) quality, (6) availability of transportation and this factor is the main factor that affect domestic tourists visiting Cafe El Lago Batur Selatan, Kintamani, Bangli, Bali.

PENGARUH FASILITAS DAN SOSIAL MEDIA TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN BERKUNJUNG WISATAWAN KE OBJEK WISATA GUNUNG DEMPO KOTA PAGAR ALAM

The decision to visit is a stage carried out by tourists before visiting a tourist attraction. Several factors influence the decision to visit tourists, including facilities and social media. This study aims to determine the effect of facilities and social media on tourists' visiting decisions to the Mount Dempo tourist attraction, Pagar Alam City.This type of research is quantitative research with a descriptive approach. The population of this study were all tourists visiting the Mount Dempo tourist attraction, Pagar Alam City. The number of research samples was 91 people. Data collection was carried out by questionnaires. The data analysis technique uses multiple linear regression analysis techniques.The results of data analysis obtained multiple linear regression equations as follows: Y = 2.354 + 0.352 X1 + 0.369 X2. The results of the analysis show that partially facilities have a positive and significant effect on visiting decisions and social media has a positive and significant effect on visiting decisions. Simultaneously, there is the influence of facilities and social media on the decision of tourists to visit the Mount Dempo tourist attraction, Pagar Alam City. It I s suggested to the manager of the Mount Dempo tourist attraction, Pagar Alam City, to be able to increase tourist visits to the Mount Dempo tourist attraction, Pagar Alam City by providing the facilities needed by tourists and maximizing social media as a media promotion for the Mount Dempo tourist attraction, Pagar Alam City. Keywords: Visit Decision, Facilities, Social Media

Factors Influencing Tourists’ Decision In VisitingTourist Areas

This study aims to determine the price, location, and facilities jointly affect the decision of tourists in visiting the tourist attraction Park Pusuk Sembalun. This type of research is quantitative research with descriptive correlation method. The sample in this study were 40 samples in the tourist attraction of Puskesmas Sembalun Park in Sembalun Bumbung Village, Sembalun Subdistrict. Methods of data collection using observation, interviews, documentation and questionnaires. Data analysis techniques used are test instruments (validity and reliability), multiple linear regression analysis, classical assumption tests and hypothesis testing. From the results of simultaneous testing shows the variables of factors that influence the visiting of tourists (price, location and facilities) together have a significant influence on the decision of tourists in visiting the tourist attraction park pusuk sembalun. This is evidenced by the acquisition of a calculated F value of 10.345 with a significant level of 0,000 while the degree of freedom value is 3 and 36, so that in F table the value is 2.87. Thus the F value counts 10.345 ˃ F table value (significant). While the partial testing of the price variable has an influence on tourist visiting decisions as much as 0.493 with a t-count of 0.05 and a significant level of 0.002. while location variables and facilities do not have a significant effect. This is evidenced by the value of the location variable of 0.143 with a t-count of 0.05 and a significant level of 0.357 and a variable value of 0.242 with a t-count of 0.05 and a significant level of 0.067.

Exploring the generational influence on social media-based tourist decision-making in India

Purpose This study aims to explore how social media affects decision-making among tourists and whether there is a potential effect of age, which is studied through generations. For this purpose, baby boomers, Gen X, Gen Y and Gen Z tourists are studied and real-time implications are offered. Design/methodology/approach The study adopts a descriptive and exploratory design where the conceptual model of social media-based decision-making is developed through a review of the literature. Quantitative analysis is conducted on primary data from 600 Indian tourists. This is done using a self-administered questionnaire adopted from Gulati (2022) after checking its validity and reliability. The statistical analysis for hypothesis testing is done using PLS-SEM path modelling on pooled data. To study the categorical moderating effect of generations, partial least squares multigroup analysis (PLS-MGA) is performed as a paired comparison on every successive generation. Findings After testing every successive younger generation with an older generation through PLS-MGA, none of the pairs found any significant differences in path coefficients, as the values obtained were 0.05 < p < 0.95 for all five paths (SM → NR, SM → IS, SM → E, SM → P, SM → PPB). This indicates all the generations behave in a similar manner irrespective of them being older or younger, and age does not moderate social media’s impact on decision-making among Indian tourists. Research limitations/implications The study establishes India as a unique geographical market and suggests tourism marketers to treat all generations at par, irrespective of age, as they behave and interact with social media in a similar manner. But, because this study is restricted to a single geographical location, i.e. India, further regions can be explored for global generalisation. Future research can also explore other demographics for combined, moderated analysis. Findings from the study suggest that marketers should ensure that equal attention is given to all generations as they engage with social media in a similar manner. Targeted marketing using artificial intelligence can help in ensuring custom ads. Personalisation according to generations can also facilitate greater purchases. Originality/value The study fills a major population and knowledge gap by exploring a topic that has been highly under-researched. Also, the study adopts an inclusive approach by analysing all the generations, both younger and older, to understand the potential effect of age on moderating the impact that social media has on tourist decision-making. Further, real-time suggestions and implications are offered to tourism marketers with special reference to the Indian tourism industry.

Impacts of risk aversion on tourism consumption: A hierarchical age-period-cohort analysis

This study extends tourism demand research by focusing on how an important psychological factor, risk aversion, affects tourism participation and expenditure. Based on five waves of national longitudinal data from the China Household Financial Survey, this study represents an initial attempt in the tourism literature to integrate a Heckman model with a hierarchical age–period–cohort model to decompose the effects of time-related factors (age, period, and birth cohorts) when analyzing the role of risk aversion in tourism decisions. Findings showed that risk aversion significantly influenced tourism participation and expenditure. The propensity to travel and the amount of tourism expenditure each declined over one's lifetime. Period and cohort effects differentially affected tourism participation and expenditure.

PENGARUH LOKASI DAN MOTIVASI TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN BERKUNJUNG WISATAWAN KE DESTINASI MATA AIR TEMBELING, NUSA PENIDA-BALI

This study examines the influence of location and motivation on the decision of domestic tourists to visit the tourist attraction of Mata Air Tembeling in Nusa Penida, Bali. A quantitative methodology was employed, conducting a survey with 200 domestic tourist respondents. The results show that location influences tourists' visitation decision, with a preference for accessibility and adequate facilities. Motivation also plays a significant role, with the desire to relax and enjoy the natural beauty being important factors. This research provides further understanding of the factors influencing the decision of domestic tourists to visit Mata Air Tembeling. The findings can be utilized to optimize the marketing and development of the tourist attraction, as well as enhance tourist satisfaction.

PENGARUH PRODUK DAN PROMOSI TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN BERKUNJUNG SERTA DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP KEPUASAN WISATAWAN DI MUSEUM PURBAKALA DAYU KABUPATEN KARANGANYAR

There are many motivational factors for tourists to be interested and visit a tourist attraction or a tourist destination, these factors consist of various variables. In these conditions a product, promotion, decision of a visit is an important factor that will produce or are expected to meet the tourist's decision. This study aims to determine the effect of products and promotion of visiting decisions and their impact on tourist satisfaction at the Dayu Archaeological Museum in Karanganyar Regency. 
 The research was conducted with quantitative methods. A sample of 95 tourists from the Dayu Archaeological Museum were taken by accidental sampling. Data collection techniques using questionnaires and data were tested and analized with path analysis and one intervening variable with SPSS. 
 Based on the results of the analysis of research data it can be concluded that: (1) Products have a positive and significant effect on visiting decisions and their impact on tourist satisfaction, (2) Promotion has a positive and significant effect on visiting decisions and their impact on tourist satisfaction, (3) Visiting decisions have a positive effect and significant to tourist satisfaction.
 Keywords : Product, Promotion, visiting decision and tourist satisfaction

Big Data and Cloud Computing-Integrated Tourism Decision-Making in Smart Logistics Technologies

Since technology allows tourist companies to replace expensive human labor with electronic labor, labor expenses are reduced, yet customer service concerns are often avoided. Companies and organizations face new challenges daily. Increased consumer demands and global competition result in significant adjustments in the industrialized world. On the other hand, technology can bring forth entirely new types of unintended effects. There are new prospects for the tourist sector with the rise of big data. Data mining and cloud computing are widely used in the tourist sector to extract useful information from vast quantities of data. A new tourism marketing management model based on big data can be developed with this function. This research thus presents a big data and cloud computing-integrated tourism decision-making (BC2TDM) paradigm to analyze the behavior of travel consumers. This model uses the deep learning model to forecast the travel consumer behavior to ensure a personalized tourism experience.

Quality of Life and Public Policy Development for Tourism Destinations

The nexus between tourism and quality of life (QoL) has been widely discussed in the literature. There is an extensive research that examines the connection between tourism activities and QoL. Although the existing studies converge in that QoL and well-being should be incorporated and made a central aspect of tourism policies and strategies, the current literature lacks an integrated comprehensive approach to how QoL can be incorporated into tourism decision-making. Tourism decision-making organizations have yet to integrate QoL into the assessment of important strategy-related benchmarks (e.g., performance, tourism satellite accounts, demand, and resource integration). Thus, the objective of this article is to offer a conceptual framework integrating QoL and tourism public policy. The suggested model provides guidelines regarding the implementation of QoL at different stages of policy development. The framework will provide a guide for tourism destinations in formulating and implementing policies with a focus on improving the community’s QoL.

Why is India a popular destination for Bangladeshi medical tourists? A study based on perceived justice by Bangladeshi patients

PurposeThere is evidence of Bangladeshi citizens travelling to India to receive medical treatments, known as medical tourism. This study aims to explore the perceived justice dimensions of Bangladeshi patients towards domestic health care and the effects of these dimensions on their intention for outbound tourism to India.Design/methodology/approachData from 307 Bangladeshi medical tourists were collected to test the proposed model. The data has been interpreted through the proposed model with covariance-based structural equation modelling in AMOS. To produce the results, the measurement model and structural model were examined.FindingsThe analysis confirmed the significant impact of procedural, informational and interpersonal justice dimensions on patients’ health-care experiences. However, the effect of distributive justice on patient experience has been found insignificant. The study also revealed a significant negative impact of patient satisfaction on outbound medical tourism intention. Thus, it raises concerns for the local medical service providers about improving patient satisfaction.Practical implicationsThe findings of this paper can be applicable for health-care practitioners and policymakers in emerging countries to improve the bottlenecks of the health-care system for increasing patients’ service experiences and reducing the intention of patients for outbound medical tourism.Originality/valueThe research on perceived justice theory regarding the intention of medical tourism is limited. This research is one of the few studies to combine perceived justice theory with trust and medical tourism decision-making. Using the lens of perceived justice, this research argues that the decrease in perceived justice negatively affects the patients’ service experience, trust and loyalty to the service provider.

How tourism decision-making and on-site interactions promote family benefits: A power perspective

Different power distribution determines different collective decision-making strategies, through influencing group members how to express recommendations, resolve conflict, then shape consensus. But few studies have focused on their impact on travel decision-making, intra-family interactions, and the subsequent family benefits. By knowledge mapping 179 relevant articles and a further meta-analysis, this article aims to answer two core questions about family travel: (1) How is the power distribution involved in decision-making of family travel? (2) What types of on-site interactions and decision-making strategies are more beneficial? Through the knowledge mapping, the main themes of existing family travel studies are classified and revealed from a power perspective. Then, the meta-analysis further showed that joint decision-making is the most beneficial strategy during interactions involving a specific tourism activity, followed by the husband-dominated decision-making. When it comes to communication while traveling, child-dominated decision-making is the most beneficial strategy.

The Impact of Marketing Information on the Decisions of Nautical Tourists Visiting Eastern Adriatic Regio

The information-seeking process of nautical tourists is essential for their decision-making when choosing a specific destination. Modern destination marketing is constantly changing due to the development of new technologies that are meant to attract and retain nautical tourists. Nautical destination managers use modern communication to build and maintain a better image and develop destinations as brands which can function sustainably even in the times of crisis. This paper examines modern and traditional marketing sources of information about Montenegro and Croatia as nautical tourist destinations. It was revealed that the largest share of the informed tourists had previous experience with a destination or were informed through internet sources. The results confirmed that the internet is increasingly used by the surveyed tourists, i.e., there is an increase in promotion through digital marketing tools in both destinations. The comparison of the trends between 2012 and 2021 indicated three common sources of information in both destinations: previous experience, the internet and the recommendations of friends and relatives. The study is based on cross-tabulation analysis which detects the differences in the method of obtaining information by the tourists whose age, gender and education level varied. The practical implication of this paper is the development of destination marketing in the Eastern Adriatic region. More precisely, the study might help the creators of developmental policies and destination operators to choose appropriate marketing strategies in order to adequately position a destination in the market.

The Effect of The Promotional Mix on The Decision of Tourists Visiting The Regency of Buleleng

This study was conducted to determine the effect of the promotional mix including advertising, sales promotion, personal selling, public relations and direct sales on the decision of tourists visiting Buleleng Regency. The population used in this study were all tourists who had visited Buleleng totaling 224,209 people, while the sample in this study amounted to 100 people who were determined by the slovin formula with a tolerance level of 10%. Based on the results of data analysis using multiple linear regression, it is known that the decision of tourists visiting Buleleng Regency is determined simultaneously by advertising, sales promotion, personal selling, public relations and direct selling. However, partially, it can be seen that the decision of tourists to visit Buleleng Regency is only determined by sales promotion, while other promotional mix variables have no effect on the decision of tourists to visit Buleleng Regency

Exploring the Role of Advertising in the Context of Tourist-Destination Congruity

Tourists are flooded with advertising messages, including destination-attribute-based or user-imagery-based pictures, to persuade them to visit the destination. While research emphasizes destination choice to result from tourist-destination congruity, examining the influence different pictures have on tourist decision-making is of increasing interest. Therefore, this study sought to investigate the efficacy of destination-attribute-based versus user-imagery-based ad stimuli to influence the tourist-destination congruity and predict a person’s likelihood of choosing the destination. Results from a quantitative study of 496 young Slovenians show that a higher degree of ideal and ideal social tourist-destination congruence would lower one’s perceived purchase risk and yield positive attitudes toward the ad with a destination-attribute-based picture as opposed to the ad with a user-imagery-based picture. Implications for destination marketing are discussed, such as evaluating a typical destination visitor when one is included in the advertising and when one is not.

Pengaruh Media Sosial Instagram dan Brand Awareness Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian di Grafika Cikole Lembang

This research aims to determine; (1) Grafika Cikole on social media Instagram, (2) brand awareness of Grafika Cikole, (3) tourist purchase decisions in Grafika Cikole, (4) the influence of social media Instagram and brand awareness on tourist purchasing decisions in in Grafika Cikole Lembang. This research is included in quantitative research with descriptive and verificative analysis whose information is collected from respondents using questionnaires and interview with informants. The population of this research is the entire tourist of Grafika Cikole. The sampling technique used random sampling of 100 respondents. Data collection techniques use questionnaires that has been tested for validity, reliability, and normality. The results of the research at the 5% significance level showed that; social media Instagram positively affects the purchasing decisions of tourists in Grafika Cikole Lembang. This is evidenced by a calculated t value is greater than the table t (4.391 > 1.984), and a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05;brand awareness positively affects the purchasing decisions of tourists in Grafika Cikole Lembang. This is evidenced by a calculated t value is greater than the table t (5.271 > 1.984), and a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05; social media Instagram and brand awareness have a positive influence on the purchasing decisions of tourists in Grafika Cikole Lembang. This is evidenced by the F value calculated > F table (52.907 > 3.09) and the significance value 0.000 < 0.05. The results of this study show that there is a positive and significant influence between Instagram social media and brand awareness on purchasing decisions by 52.2%.

An Assessment of Prospect Theory in Tourism Decision-Making Research

Prospect theory has been an essential theoretical foundation for behavioral economics, as recognized with the Nobel Prize in economic sciences in 2002. The growing interest in behavioral economics among tourism researchers necessitates a systematic assessment of prospect theory and its application in tourism research to critically examine the current status of tourism decision-making studies. This study therefore clarifies the theoretical background of prospect theory and analyzes 93 published studies to examine how prospect theory has performed in explaining tourism decision-making. The study also evaluates the application of prospect theory in tourism research and provides future research directions with respect to under-researched dimensions, reference points, dynamic decision-making processes, and the logical continuity and systemization of prospect theory.

Tourists’ travel mode and length of stay: Application of a fully nested Archimedean copula structure

Tourism decisions are interdependent of one another. This study aims to explore the interrelations among three pertinent tourism choices, i.e., travel season, transport mode and length of stay, from a data-driven perspective. To achieve a joint model of three travel behavioural decisions, this paper adopts a Frank-type fully nested Archimedean copula function, which is capable of efficiently incorporating a logistic regression model, a multinomial logit model and a lognormal accelerated failure time model. Then, we empirically evaluate the proposed model framework using single-destination Sydney-based trip-level data collected in 2017–2018. Gumbel, Clayton and Frank copula results are compared. To illustrate its application, the modelling results are used to build a simulated COVID-19 pandemic scenario according to the social distancing restrictions within New South Wales, Australia, and a three-dimensional elasticity analysis for trip destinations is performed. The findings suggest the model provides nuanced insights into simulating tourist behaviours and transport policy appraisal aimed at tourism recovery or/and development.

Understanding Interactions Between Providers of Cosmetic Tourism and Tourists: The Lebanon Experience

Despite the boom in cosmetic tourism, academic research in this field remains scarce. The following interpretive study explores perceptions of key social players involved in the cosmetic tourism process from its initiation to its end. It highlights the perspectives of cosmetic medical providers and cosmetic tourists within a multifaceted theoretical framework that includes the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and self-concept components. A qualitative approach was applied, with similar topics discussed during interviews with a sample of cosmetic medical doctors and cosmetic tourists in Lebanon. The study delivers insight into the cosmetic tourism decision-making process, and the factors impacting choices here in terms of the destination, medical doctor, and medical center. It furthermore sheds light on aspects that distinguish cosmetic tourism, including social media and cultural influence. This study theoretically contributes to the development of an appropriate framework for cosmetic tourism. Empirically, its outcomes can be utilized to better understand the exclusivity of cosmetic tourists while improving their experiences, enhancing marketing strategies and the services provided to them.

Using TikTok in tourism destination choice: A young Chinese tourists' perspective

This study adopted the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology 2 to investigate the influence of TikTok on the travel decision-making of young Chinese tourists. The model was further adapted by introducing the variable of perceived trust and using age as a moderating variable, to examine the differences between millennials and Generation Z. The findings of multiple cluster analysis and structural equation modeling indicated that perceived trust and hedonic motivation were the most important drivers of these tourists' actual behavior. The results also revealed that there are significant differences in the factors that influence the choice of destination for Millennials and Gen Z using TikTok. This study enriches research and empirical investigation of TikTok in the context of tourism marketing and consumer decision-making in the digital environment. Its findings will help tourism marketers use short video-sharing platforms more effectively as an element of marketing.

Purchasing decision of tourism destination under tourism demand model- taking tourism statistics from Hawaii as example

This paper is to determine the factors that influence the flow of international tourism to Hawaii and the purchasing decisions of international tourists on Hawaii tourism products. This paper uses an empirical tourism econometric model and time-series data from 2010 to 2019 to quantitatively explain the different factors that influence the choice of Hawaii for tourists from three major sub-markets: Canada, Japan and Australia. The research findings show that CPI of Hawaii, alternative destinations, GDP of the original country, employment in the hospitality industry and airline seat capacity are the main factors contributing to the high elasticity of demand of international tourists in Hawaii. This research contributes to understand Canadian, Japanese and Australian tourists and develop strategies to increase their satisfaction and willingness to return to Hawaii.