Tourist Routes Research Articles

Improved Whale Optimization Algorithm with Variable Neighbourhood Search Strategy (WOA-VNS) in Solving Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) for Recommending Multi-days Tourist Routes in Yogyakarta

Improved Whale Optimization Algorithm with Variable Neighbourhood Search Strategy (WOA-VNS) in Solving Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) for Recommending Multi-days Tourist Routes in Yogyakarta

Determining Tourist Destination Priorities Using Website-Based Particle Swarm Optimization Methods (Case Study : North Padang Lawas Regency)

. Optimization of tourist routes is very important to minimize travel time and reduce travel costs. This study focuses on optimizing tourist routes in North Padang Lawas Regency using Multi Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT), and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) in the context of the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP). This study discusses problems such as the lack of priority of tourist destinations and the need for shorter travel times. The research process includes problem identification, literature review, data collection through field observations and interviews, and data processing with MAUT to prioritize destinations. The identified priority destinations are Hotel Sapadia Gunung Tua, Barumun Nagari, Batik Sekar Najogi, Durian and Manggis Agrotourism, Rumah Makan Holat Alhamdulillah, Waterboom Gunung Tua, and Candi Bahal I, II, III. Furthermore, PSO is applied to determine the optimal travel route. PSO finds a route with a total travel time of 351 minutes, although the three-day travel time is extended to 375 minutes.

Main routes and attractions of Crimea in the sphere of art tourism

This article examines the key routes and attractions of Crimea, which play a significant role in the development of art tourism on the peninsula. Crimea, with its rich historical and cultural heritage, attracts artists, writers and art lovers from all over the world. In the article, we analyze the most interesting points, such as: Bakhchisarai, Yalta, Sevastopol and Simferopol, where art galleries, museums, plein airs and cultural events are concentrated. Particular attention is paid to places of nature that inspired famous artists, as well as modern art spaces that contribute to the development of creative initiatives. During the study, we note the impact of art tourism on the economy of the region and its potential for the sustainable development of the cultural environment of Crimea. The article also includes recommendations for organizing cultural routes for tourists, taking into account the artistic context, which contributes to immersion in the unique atmosphere of Crimean art.

Retraction Note: GIS positioning based on optical sensing detection and simulation of tourism route planning in rural tourism scenic areas

Retraction Note: GIS positioning based on optical sensing detection and simulation of tourism route planning in rural tourism scenic areas

Intelligent System for Tourist Guidance in Tumbes-Perú

An Intelligent System (IS) for Tourist Guidance was developed for the city of Tumbes, Peru. Considering the preferences of the tourist, the IS obtains the optimal route for the visit and provides a visit plan with schedules and times of stay in each place. It is an innovative hybrid system since it is complemented by two artificial intelligence techniques, a rule-based expert system and a genetic algorithm. The methodology for the implementation of the IS consisted of the collection of tourist, geographic, georeferenced information and photographs of 28 tourist places, grouped into Beaches, Nature, Adventure, Culture and Medicinal Sites, then the logical rules, the distance matrix and time of stay in each place were developed, and finally with the vehicle routing technique the genetic algorithm is implemented that allows obtaining the optimal route. The results indicate that the GA provides optimal solutions with an execution time of 5.6 seconds and zero errors. This contribution is very important for future work on tourist profiles and new tourist routes, since the intelligent system can be adapted for use in other cities.

Heritage Tourism Development Should Take Care of Industrial Heritage Protection: A Study on the Development Strategy of Industrial Heritage Tourism in Nanjing

The tourism development of industrial heritage is an effective way to activate cultural heritage and can provide new solutions for the renewal and protection of industrial heritage. This study focuses on the industrial heritage in Nanjing, aiming to explore its spatial distribution pattern, tourism development strategy, and sustainable development model. This study adopts a combination of quantitative and qualitative research methods. First, relevant information on 93 sites of industrial heritage type historic buildings in Nanjing is collected. Secondly, ArcGIS was used to visualize the evolution of industrial buildings and the spatial distribution of industrial heritage type historic buildings. Finally, the spatial analysis tools of ArcGIS and the accessibility analysis method in space syntax theory are superimposed to comprehensively analyze the spatial distribution pattern and traffic accessibility characteristics of Nanjing’s industrial heritage. The research results propose a specific plan to promote the value transformation of industrial heritage through tourism: based on the spatial distribution characteristics of Nanjing’s industrial heritage along the water system and traffic arteries, a tourist route of “multi-point, two-axis, one-center” is planned; the tourism development strategy of “point protrusion, linear links, and surface darning” is implemented; and a sustainable development model under the guidance of low-carbon environmental protection goals is explored. This study provides a reference for the protective development of industrial heritage and the expansion of tourism and opens up a new perspective for the regeneration and planning of other urban heritage.

Value co-creation of carbon-neutral tourism route: a case in Thailand

ABSTRACT This participatory action research initiative was undertaken in Thailand to promote carbon-neutral tourism (CNT). The research involved the engagement of multiple stakeholders in the value chain to co-create a valuable CNT route for Nong Khao sub-district tourism in Kanchanaburi Province. A service design approach was applied in this study, consisting of four phases: building engagement and awareness, exploring customer needs, co-creating a route, and assessing the results. The findings revealed that tourists exhibited a strong preference towards the CNT trip option. The implementation of the activities resulted in an increased net profit margin of 165.31% due to cost reduction, sale-price growth, and larger tourist numbers. The research provides important value co-creation of CNT management guidelines for community tourism.

A Deep Learning-Based Recommender Model for Tourism Routes by Multimodal Fusion of Semantic Analysis and Image Comprehension

Tourism recommendation systems have tended to become popular in recent years. Due to the fact that tourism content is generally with the format of multimodal information, existing research works mostly ignored the fusion of various feature types. To deal with this issue, this paper resorts to multimodal fusion of semantic analysis and image comprehension, and proposes a novel deep learning-based recommender system for tourism routes. First, semantic analysis under tourism route search is conducted, in order to complete destination selection and process selection. Then, image comprehension of overall tourism route planning is conducted by establishing an end-to-end object recognition model. Finally, the previous two parts of characteristics are fused together to formulate an integrated recommender system with multimodal sensing ability. This thought is expected to bring a stronger ability for tourism route discovery. Empirically, operational efficiency and stability analysis are carried out on real-world data to evaluate the performance of the proposal. The experimental results show that it can achieve significant improvement in tourism route recommendation, can accurately capture user preferences, and can provide travel suggestions that meet user requirements.

Detection of archaeological structure on the slope ground using geophysical methods: The case of the Castle of Canossa

Canossa Castle is located in the municipality of Canossa 18 km South of Reggio Emilia (North Italy). It was constructed in 940 by Adalberto Atto, son of Sigifredo of Lucca. Lombard chieftains needed this strategic hill to defend their lands against intrusions of other barbarian tribes. Subsequent improvements made the stronghold one of the best-defended castles in the country. Canossa Castle became particularly famous as a site of reconciliation between King Henry IV and Roman Pope Gregory VII during the Investiture Controversy in 1077.To redevelop the area and create an easy tourist route, the Superintendence of Archaeology, Fine Arts and Landscape for the Metropolitan City of Bologna and the Provinces of Modena, Reggio Emilia and Ferrara planned excavations in the area close to the Castle. To get precise information on where to carry out excavations geophysical surveys were undertaken in the spring of 2021. The castle stands on a rock with a steep slope and dense vegetation and this makes it very difficult to carry out geophysical prospecting. This guided the choice of geophysical methodologies to be used. For this reason, electrical resistivity tomography was used along the steep slope, while in the narrow flatter area, the ground penetrating radar methodology was used. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the chosen geophysical methodologies.

Developing an evaluation model for urban tourism competitiveness: combining community construction and community service to foster sustainable development of cities.

This study aims to develop a comprehensive evaluation model for urban tourism competitiveness in China. Given China's transition into a mature tourist destination, there is a pressing need for a framework that can assess the effectiveness of its urban tourism strategies. The model presented in this study is designed to provide a holistic understanding of the factors influencing urban tourism competitiveness in the Chinese context. The methodology employed in this study combines both qualitative and quantitative approaches. A modified version of Porter's Diamond Model serves as the primary framework, augmented by the IMD World Competitiveness Center: International Institute for Management Development (IMD) framework to incorporate social governance and environmental dimensions. To derive comprehensive scores for sustainable development, a linear weighted evaluation method was used, incorporating the coefficient of variation entropy weight method. This approach allows for a quantitative assessment of urban tourism competitiveness from 2008 to 2019. The key findings of the study reveal significant challenges within the current urban tourism landscape in China. These challenges include homogeneous competition, a lack of strategic management, and insufficient service quality. Furthermore, the study identifies the need for greater emphasis on sustainable tourism development, balancing economic benefits with the preservation of cultural and natural assets. Based on the findings, the study proposes several solutions to address the identified challenges. These solutions include creating boutique inland tourism routes, developing unique urban tourism brands, and enhancing regional cooperation and management practices. Additionally, the study emphasizes the importance of integrating community development and services into the evaluation model to foster sustainable tourism development. The proposed solutions offer actionable insights for policymakers and planners seeking to improve the competitiveness and sustainability of urban tourism in China.

Spatial‐Temporal Distribution Characteristics of Linear Heritage Hiking Tourism Based on GPS Data Analysis: A Case Study of the Great Wall in Beijing, China

ABSTRACTHiking plays a significant role in experiencing linear heritage, and gaining insights into the spatiotemporal distribution of hikers' behavior is imperative for effectively utilizing heritage resources. This study employed GPS trajectory data to examine the spatiotemporal patterns of hiking behavior on the Great Wall in Beijing and investigate the utilization patterns of heritage resources in hiking tourism. The results revealed that: there were notable variations in trajectory quantity among different months with extended activity durations, early finishing times, and an absence of nighttime activities. Spatially, the trajectories exhibited dispersion and uneven distribution, leading to the underutilization of numerous heritage resources. The distribution of starting and ending points of trajectories demonstrated a substantial correlation with neighboring natural villages. Consequently, this study offers valuable insights for informing decision‐making processes related to the development, construction, and optimization of the scenic area along the Great Wall and the planning and design of tourist routes.

Citywalk in China: analysis of regional and route characteristics

ABSTRACT The West introduced Citywalk to China; since then, the concept has undergone a significant transformation from mere walking or hiking activities, impacting people’s choices in transportation and urban spatial experiences. However, the defining characteristics of Citywalk remain unclear. To address this gap, this study considers representative cities in China as examples and employs a comprehensive approach including website information retrieval, SPSS software, and word frequency analysis to collect and analyze data on 611 Citywalk routes in 48 cities. The study objective is to examine the regional characteristics of Citywalk routes and elucidate the factors that shape Citywalk characteristics. Descriptive statistics are used to describe the regional characteristics of Citywalk routes, and three indicators – urban attributes, route features, and node types – are identified. Subsequently, correlation analysis is applied within and between groups. The results indicate a significant correlation among urban attributes, route features, and certain node types with high reliability. This study provides bottom-up data support for the design of linear spatial experiences in Chinese cities and the improvement of tourist route planning, thus offering valuable references for future endeavors in this field.

Tourism routes development: critical success factors

Purpose This study aims to identify Critical Success Factors (CSFs) for tourism route development and proposes a tailored conceptual model. It addresses a comprehensive range of tourism routes, considering their respective goals and performance. Design/methodology/approach The authors applied a qualitative approach to investigate five tourism routes, interviewing 31 current and former members and examining secondary data from organisational documents. A conceptual model was developed through content analysis of transcripts and secondary data. Findings Based on the identified CSFs, the model is organised into six components: Product, Goals, Resources, Governance, Activities and Performance assessment. Research limitations/implications The study analyses various tourism routes concerning their products, implementation levels, goals, performance and perceived success. Practical implications Most respondents are public authorities from European countries. Besides, consideration should be given to developing quantitative research to validate the derived theory. Social implications The model may facilitate participants in enhancing and developing tourism routes, thereby contributing to achieving sustainable development goals related to rural-urban connections and tourism partnerships. Originality/value The development of tourism routes is expected to impact socio-economic development in rural/peripheral areas positively.

Geographic Information System in the Optimization of Tourist Routes in the City of Faro (Algarve, Portugal)

This work aims to map the optimal routes based on time and distance, via e-scooters and walking, to visit 54 historical heritage sites in Faro. Implementing these routes promotes environmental sustainability by reducing CO2 emissions and encouraging healthier, greener tourism. The route optimization was conducted in ArcGIS, utilizing the Network Analyst extension and vector data obtained from OpenStreetMap. The results showed that there are routes that can be completed in one or more days, depending on visitors’ availability, physical capacity, or their chosen method of transportation. The optimal route to visit the 54 historical heritage sites forms a closed circuit spanning 17.35 km. If visits are split into two routes, one covering 31 monuments in the old city and the other 24 monuments in the exterior area of the urban center, the optimal closed-circuit routes measure 6.16 km and 11.31 km, respectively. This study is expected to enhance tourism promoted by the Faro municipality and make it more environmentally friendly.

REGIONAL FEATURES OF THE INTERSECTION OF ECO- AND RURAL TOURISM IN VINNYCHCHYNA DURING MARITAL STATE

The article examines the tourist potential of the Vinnytsia region and determines that the region has significant natural and recreational potential for the development of ecological and rural tourism. It has been established that the development of these types of tourism is due to the increase in demand for domestic tourism as a result of the war in Ukraine. Therefore, the main consumers of eco- and rural tourism services in Vinnytsia region are internally displaced persons, as well as connoisseurs of Ukrainian folk traditions due to the attractiveness of the nature, its environmental friendliness and rural lifestyle. Regulatory and legal documents regulating rural tourism, namely the Regional Development Strategy of the Vinnytsia Region until 2027, as well as the main directions of activity of the public organization «Vinnytsia Regional Branch of the Association for the Promotion of the Development of Rural Green Tourism in Ukraine» were studied. The tourist route Camino Podoliсo or St. Jacob’s Way, which covers two regions of Khmelnytskyi and Vinnytsia, was studied. It was found that this project is a unique opportunity to gain impressions from getting to know the unique sights, customs and traditions and natural features of Podillia. The significant areas of Vinnytsia region, the village of Busha of the Yampil district, on the territory of which there are outstanding monuments of the archaeology and architecture of the famous Bushan relief (carved out of stone in the Rock Temple by the hands of our glorious ancestors) and the remains of the Bushan fortress – a stone tower, the Haydamatskyi ravine, the remains of multi-layered settlements of Trypillia, Chernyakhiv, Penkiv and Scythian cultures, a medieval cemetery. The possibilities of Mogilev-Podilskyi, Barskyi and Vinnytsia districts regarding the development and intersection of eco- and rural tourism in wartime are also described. In the article, with the help of a SWOT analysis, the strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the development of eco- and rural tourism in Vinnytsia are given. It was found that the combination of eco- and rural tourism is a necessary condition for the economic development of rural areas, and rural recreation should strengthen the ecological awareness of tourists in order to preserve the environment.

Social and Cultural Influence of a Mobile Application with Renewable Energy and Geolocation Technologies on the Tourist Routes of Malqui Machay, Canton la Maná

Social and Cultural Influence of a Mobile Application with Renewable Energy and Geolocation Technologies on the Tourist Routes of Malqui Machay, Canton la Maná

Развитие ночного туризма: преимущества и недостатки

The article is devoted to the analysis of the features of night tourism, as a recently emerged and not yet widespread type of tourism activity. The work analyzes approaches to the concept of night tourism, its origin, reasons for its growing popularity, foreign practice in implementing night tourism programs using the example of China, Taiwan, Vietnam and other countries. Various forms of nighttime entertainment are generalized, the advantages and disadvantages of night tourism are highlighted, and Russia's capabilities for forming a cluster of nighttime tourist sites are assessed. In conclusion, it is concluded that night tourism effectively complements daytime tourist routes, and has potential for development in Russian cities.

Cooperation and Intercooperation in Tourism Routes in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Objective: This study aims to investigate the cooperation and collaboration among the actors involved in the tourist routes known as Salamarias, Della Cuccagna, and Topiarias, Flores e Aromas, located in the northern region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Theoretical Framework: This article examines the economic and social impact of rural tourism, focusing on its contribution to economic growth, job creation, and the promotion of tourism products through tourist routes. It emphasizes cooperation among tourism actors for sustainable development and organizational efficiency. Method: We conducted qualitative and quantitative research, collecting data through interviews with 16 farms across three routes. A structured interview script included 60 open-ended questions and six closed questions. We analyzed the data using content analysis, and assessed the quantitative data using a five-point Likert scale to measure agreement levels. Results and Discussion: The results showed that cooperation and intercooperation along the routes promote income complementarity through tourism offerings and product sales, enhance knowledge and learning, expand social relations, increase the dissemination and consumption of organic products, and support the preservation of culture, heritage, and the environment. Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications of this study provide insights that can guide public policies, regional development programs, and business strategies in the rural tourism sector. These insights emphasize the importance of cooperation, intercooperation, social networks, rural development, and social innovation. Originality/Value: The discussion not only enriches the existing literature but also opens new avenues for future research and theorizing in the context of rural tourism and regional development.

Resilience and Adaptation Strategies for the Franschhoek Rond and Bont Community-based Tourism Route during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Drawing on the resilience theory, this qualitative study analyses adaptation strategies for the Franschhoek Rond and Bont community-based tourism (CBT) route in South Africa using facetoface interviews with thirteen route stakeholders in the Franschhoek Valley. The empirical findings highlight the severity of the effects of the pandemic-induced regulations on businesses along the route. Insights from the study could facilitate recovery efforts by the route’s stakeholders, but underlying prepandemic challenges exacerbated the adverse effects of the pandemic, which hindered the successful implementation of proposed recovery strategies. The study reveals post-pandemic resilience and adaptation strategies for the future-proof sustainability of the CBT sector and provides fresh insights into proposed innovative planning and strategy implications for stakeholders.

Application of TOPSIS-LP and New Routing Models for the Multi-Criteria Tourist Route Problem: The Case Study of Nong Khai, Thailand

This study investigates the application of a new mathematical routing model, integrated with the TOPSIS Linear Programming (TOPSIS-LP) approach, to optimize tourist routes in Nong Khai, Thailand, within a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) framework. The research demonstrates the efficacy of TOPSIS-LP by consistently ranking the same alternative as the optimal route, achieving the highest rankings across various Multi-Attribute Decision Making (MADM) methods, including MOORA, WASPAS, and ARAS. These methods displayed significant consistency in outcome evaluation, with Spearman Correlation Coefficients (SCC) of 0.952 for MOORA WASPAS, and ARAS, indicating the influence of diverse weighting and aggregation strategies in route optimization. Moreover, the study confirmed a perfect alignment (SCC of 1.00) between TOPSIS-LP and the traditional TOPSIS method, affirming that the enhancements to the LP components maintained the integrity of the original model. The findings provide invaluable insights for tourism planners aiming to improve tourist satisfaction and operational efficiency and contribute to the academic discourse by highlighting the practical utility of sophisticated mathematical models in real-world scenarios. This research not only advances the methodological practices in tourist route optimization, but also sets a benchmark for future research aimed at enhancing the effectiveness, robustness, and adaptability of MADM methods in the tourism sector.