Tourist Groups Research Articles

Preserving Black Catholic Archives: Creation and Use

This article was born out of the collaboration of Cecilia Moore, Nancy Hampton, and Kathleen Dorsey Bellow as they prepared to host a tour group at the 2022 Annual Meeting of the American Catholic Historical Association in New Orleans. Understanding that Association members would be visiting Xavier University of Louisiana to learn about the Institute for Black Catholic Studies, they prepared a panel to highlight the Archives and Special Collections at Xavier and its role in preserving Black Catholic history. In part one, Nancy Hampton introduces the history of the creation of the Xavier Archives and its holdings. In part two, Kathleen Dorsey Bellow discusses the importance of preserving Black Catholic archives by focusing on the work done to prepare the donation of the papers of Father Cyprian Davis, OSB to the Catholic University of America Archives in 2015. In part three, Cecilia Moore reveals the role the Xavier Archives play in both teaching Black Catholic history and initiating students into the research and writing of Black Catholic history at the Institute for Black Catholic Studies.

Institution Buying Process in Purchasing Group Package Tour

Educational and governmental institution is classified as the business customer with have the purpose of purchasing is to fulfil the needs of organization. Both institutions organize trips for their students and for their employees with a purpose. Travel agencies are needed in arranging those group tour activities due to the large number of tour members. The buying process in organizations goes through several steps that involve a number of individuals. This research is using a qualitative approach which in collecting the data about B2B buying process in institutions organization, the researcher utilizes in-depth interviews to the respondents from educational and governmental institutions. The purpose of this paper is to identify the process of purchasing activity in the institution organization for buying group packages tour. The step that usually done by the institution in buying group packages tour are starting from recognize the problems and needs, determine the product/service needed, specify the specification and quantity of the service needed, finding the potential vendors, analyse the offering proposal from vendors, and the last part is selecting the best vendor. This paper contributes to the literature by offering insights about the process of travel services purchasing activity in institution organization. The outcomes and applications for the business practitioner are identified for developing marketing planning in travel agencies to propose institutional market.

Towards sustainable servicescape – tourists’ perspectives of accommodation service attributes

The study uses content analysis to identify the sustainable attributes in 678 accommodation reviews from Finnish and Russian tourists published on the Tripadvisor website and examines the sustainability perceptions of these tourist groups. The servicescape framework was applied to the structuring of the attributes indicating sustainability in accommodation services. The sustainable attributes highlighted in the reviews were more frequently in the physical rather than in the social servicescape factor. The tourists also reported environmental sustainability attributes more often than those related to social, cultural and economic sustainability. Overall, the sustainable attributes were perceived positively. By analysing positive and negative tourists’ perceptions in a sustainability context, this research provides insights drawn from tourists’ perspectives to support the development of appealing and sustainable tourism accommodation products. The study also proposes a servicescape framework for managing environmental, social, cultural and economic sustainability in accommodation services.

PENERAPAN STRATEGI PEMASARAN DALAM PERSAINGAN BISNIS PASAR DI PT. ASH SHOFWAH GROUP TOUR HAJI DAN TRAVEL

Ash Shofwah Group Tour Hajj and Travel which has an address in the village of Curah Kalak, Jangkar District, Situbondo Regency is required to increase the number of prospective pilgrims and Umrah pilgrims every year. through the treatise above, it is necessary to apply the right marketing strategy considering that in Situbondo Regency there are many agents offering Hajj and travel tour services of the same type as competitors in Market Business competition. to carry out strategic roles and functions is to socialize PT. Ash Shofwah Group Tour Hajj and Travel to prospective pilgrims who have an interest in going to Mecca and Medina. The response in the Situbondo community shows that PT. Ash Shofwah Group Tour Hajj and Travel has not implemented a marketing strategy to the fullest, so that many people still do not properly understand the services offered by Ash Shofwah.

Determinants of Gastronomic Tourism Intention to Yogyakarta Palace Culinary

The local wisdom of tourism, especially the culinary gastronomy of the Yogyakarta palace, is the main attraction in this study. This study aims to examine the motive factors that determine the intensity of culinary tours in the Yogyakarta palace culinary. This study also aims to examine the differences in motives based on groups of local and foreign tourists. This research is an associative research and the data is collected using a questionnaire. The population in this study is Yogyakarta tourists with a sample of some of the Yogyakarta palace culinary gastronomic tourists who come from foreign and local. The data analysis technique used is regression analysis and ANOVA. The results showed that there was a positive and significant influence of experience, culture, and socialization factors on the intensity of gastronomic tourism; there are differences in the factors of gastronomic tourism motives for local and foreign tourists.

The impact of tourist visits on mountain gorilla behavior in Uganda

ABSTRACT Tourism can play a significant role in the conservation of mountain gorillas (Gorilla beringei beringei) by financing the protection of their habitat, but few systematic studies have focused on the impacts of tourist presence on gorilla behavior. We assessed stress-coping mechanisms (Prosocial behaviors), behavioral indicators of stress (Self-scratching), and Human-directed behavior, in the presence and absence of tourist groups visiting one group of mountain gorillas living in Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Uganda. Generalized linear mixed models were used to analyse differences in gorilla behavior as a function of (a) presence vs. absence of tourists and (b) proximity to tourists (3 m). Contrary to guidelines, tourists spent 60% of their viewing time within 3 m of the gorillas, and 96% of the tourist groups had more than 8 people. During tourist visits, gorillas increased time spent in Prosocial behavior and in rates of Self-scratching and Human-directed behavior. When tourists approached gorillas within 3 m, Prosocial and Human-directed behavior increased while Feeding decreased, but only adult males increased Self-scratching rates. We conclude that tourists are influencing gorilla behavior. We recommend following and enforcing the IUCN guidelines by keeping a minimum 7 m distance when viewing gorillas.

Effect of Attitudes Toward Masks on Group Formation

This study examined whether mask-wearing behavior predicted group formation. In this mixed-methods study, participants rated masked and unmasked faces under the guise that they were choosing potential travel companions for an upcoming study abroad trip. A total of 80 participants were recruited from psychology courses at a small liberal arts college and completed this in-person study. Participants viewed 50 unique photographic images for two seconds each. For every trial, participants rated whether they would want the pictured individual as a member of their tour group, and the reaction times for these ratings were recorded. After rating each image, participants answered questions about their mask-wearing behavior and their opinions about mask and vaccine mandates. Participants then were divided into two groups based on their self-reported mask wearing: those who regularly wore masks, and those who reported little to no mask usage. Next, within- and between-group analyses were performed to compare preferences for masked and unmasked images both within and across these groups. We found that participants who reported regular mask use rated masked images more favorably than unmasked images. This group also showed a greater preference for masked photographs in comparison to the group that reported less mask usage. No differences were found for ratings of masked and unmasked images for participants who reported little to no mask usage. In addition, all participants provided ratings for masked faces faster than unmasked faces. These findings suggest that during the pandemic, individuals who reported regular mask usage may have used mask wearing as a criterion when forming new social groups, indicating that mask wearing has become part of their social identity.

The Borderlands

The Borderlands

Flexible vehicle scheduling with precedence constraints for tourists

AbstractThis research addresses a flexible vehicle scheduling problem considering precedence constraints (FVS‐P problem), which is prevalent in many scenic areas worldwide. Each group of tourists in the FVS‐P problem comprises a set of visit requests that must be served by shuttle vehicles in a predefined order. A three‐indexed integer linear programming model is introduced. Furthermore, an index‐reduction strategy is proposed to strengthen the model. A math‐heuristic route‐segment generation algorithm embedded in a mathematical model is designed to solve the FVS‐P problem, particularly in the case of large‐sized instances. Experiments on different sizes of near‐practical instances validate the mathematical models and the algorithm. The proposed math‐heuristic can provide better solutions for large‐sized instances in a much shorter time than the models. The trade‐off between tourists’ feelings and the cost of the area is investigated to provide further insights for managers.

Post-Renewal Evaluation of an Urbanized Village with Cultural Resources Based on Multi Public Satisfaction: A Case Study of Nantou Ancient City in Shenzhen

The urban renewal of older districts usually has a significant impact on the sense of place and identity. However, a systematic post-renewal evaluation of older districts with cultural resources based on multi public satisfaction is still lacking. This study takes Nantou Ancient City in Shenzhen, an urbanized village with rich historical and cultural resources, as an example; this study introduces the multi public, including the residents, merchants and tourists, as the evaluation subject. By establishing an evaluation system suitable for the characteristics of Nantou Ancient City, this study explores the existing problems of renewal and transformation, summarizes experiences and lessons and provides a basis for the sustainable development of Nantou Ancient City and the organic renewal of urbanized villages in Shenzhen. First of all, on the basis of combing the existing community renewal evaluation system, especially the satisfaction evaluation and the research on the historical value of the urbanized villages, the historical and cultural value and the renewal and transformation process of Nantou Ancient City are introduced, and the multiple values of Nantou Ancient City are clarified. Secondly, the demand contradiction between the public group and the core stakeholders is analyzed, as well as the internal demand and difference of the public group. After that, combined with field research, literature analysis and network review data analysis, the post-renovation evaluation system of Nantou Ancient City is constructed in terms of six aspects: residential environment, supporting facilities, street space, history and culture, economy, commerce and social culture. Then, the questionnaire is designed for three different groups of residents, merchants and tourists, and the evaluation system is applied to Nantou Ancient City for empirical research. By means of mean analysis, variance analysis and IPA analysis, the similarities and differences of the evaluation of different public groups are compared, which is taken as the basis for summarizing the existing problems in the renovation of Nantou Ancient City, and optimization suggestions are put forward.

The effects of Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR) videos versus walking tour videos on ASMR experience, positive affect and state relaxation.

Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR), the experience of a pleasant tingling on the neck and scalp, is known to be triggered by a characteristic type of videos (ASMR videos). The present study examines whether this experience is indeed specific to these ASMR videos, or whether it can also be triggered by other types of videos, e.g. walking tour videos. A further goal was to investigate differences between ASMR-responders and ASMR-non-responders regarding their ASMR sensation and to compare ASMR and walking tour videos with regard to the elicitation of positive affect and state relaxation. Two online assessments were carried out in two different predominantly student samples, one involving ASMR videos (n = 205) and the other one walking tour videos (n = 96). In both groups, ASMR experience, positive affect and state relaxation were assessed. Compared to the walking tour video group, the ASMR-responders in the ASMR video group reported a pronounced ASMR sensation, higher state relaxation and higher positive affect scores. For ASMR-non-responders, lower scores in ASMR sensation, state relaxation and positive affect were revealed compared to the walking tour group. Without differentiating ASMR responder types, the ASMR group showed higher ASMR scores and lower positive affect scores compared to the walking tour group. Watching ASMR videos induced significantly more characteristic ASMR sensations compared to walking tour videos. Since ASMR videos typically include a simulated interaction of the video protagonist with the viewer and walking tour videos do not, the simulated interaction with the viewer might be one important factor for triggering ASMR. As the ASMR observer type (responder or non-responder) is crucial for benefitting from ASMR videos, future scientific evaluation of ASMR needs to consider this differention when evaluating effects of ASMR on mental heath associated domains.

Importance–performance analysis of olive oil tourism activities: Differences between national and international tourists

Olive oil tourism offers enormous potential in rural areas where extra virgin olive oil is produced. This sector is characterized by the high seasonality of its economic activity (from November to February), which generates huge inequalities between rural and urban areas, leading to high rates of unemployment and depopulation due to the lack of stable work throughout the year. The set of activities that revolve around olive oil tourism help to structure the offer and generate satisfaction with the service. This could generate a constant flow of income throughout the year and complement agricultural activity, thus reducing the seasonality problems mentioned above. In this respect, the configuration of these olive oil tourism activities represents a challenge from the supply-side perspective, especially if we take into account the differences that may arise between different groups of tourists. This article seeks to analyse and structure the main olive oil tourism activities using Importance-Performance (I-P) analysis in relation to national and international tourists’ satisfaction. The aim is to select and structure the key activities in the supply of olive oil tourism, and determine which need to be improved in order to offer a better service. These key activities differ between the two study target audiences, where a higher requirement is observed on the part of international tourists, so a series of strategies are recommended to help the management of these destinations.

Activities of agricultural way of life – a key to attract tourist in agritourism, a study from Tra Que traditional village (Hoi An, Quang Nam, Viet Nam)

ABSTRACT This study focuses on the characteristics and activities of the ‘agricultural way of life’ in the development of the ‘agritourism’ in Tra Que vegetable village (Hoi An, Quang Nam) and to identify the level of tourist participation and their satisfaction in traditional agriculture activities. The questionnaire survey was conducted on 71 households and 100 tourists in Tra Que vegetable village (Hoi An, Quang Nam). After that, the author conducted in-depth interviews with 20 households and 3 groups of tourists to validate the data and semi-structured interview (SSI) of 3 people. The results showed that the diversity and distinctive characteristics of Tra Que’s farming lifestyle have significantly affected tourists’ engagement and satisfaction. One of the main determinants of the appeal of tourists to Tra Que vegetable village is the agricultural lifestyle. Local authorities and citizens should pay more attention to the experience of tourists in developing agritourism facilities in a traditional agrarian way. This is a key consideration for the potential growth of sustainable agricultural tourism in the vegetable village of Tra Que.

Полезалежність / поленезалежність як чинник індивідуального стилю подорожування

Background. Means of restoring a normative mental state, increasing stress resistance is the most urgent problem today. Traveling as a way of leisure and recreation began not so long ago - from the second half of the 20th century. The desire for changes and life movement is an unconscious natural desire for the development and manifestation of individual research strategies and cognitive processes, that is, cognitive style. The purpose of our article is to highlight the results of a pilot study of the connection between field dependence and field dependence with an individual style of recreational activity (travel). Methods. The following methods were used: the Gottschaldt test of included figures, a questionnaire and an in-depth interview: The sample consisted of 20 people (N=20), of which 11 were women and 9 were men, aged from 20 to 25 years. All participants took part in the survey voluntarily, with informed consent. Results. It was found that among field-dependent respondents, 7 people chose "within the country", "abroad" and "in nature", 3 people -"around their city" and "to "exotic" countries" as a travel option. As a method of travel, 8 people chose "plane", 5 - "on foot" and "bus", 4 - "train" and "car". No one chose "bicycle or boat". In terms of travel environment preferences, 5 people would prefer to travel alone, 9 in pairs. As a travel option, among field-independent people, 5 people chose "around their city" and "abroad", 4 - "to "exotic" countries", 3 - "in nature" and "around their city". As a method of travel, 6 people of the rite of passage "on foot", 4 - "car" and "plane", 3 - "train", "bus" and "bicycle". The choice of travel environment was as follows: 5 people chose "alone" and "in pairs", 3 - "with a tourist group". It is interesting that field-independent respondents did not choose the options "in their city" and much less often - "in nature". Conclusion. It was established that field-dependent individuals tend to choose to travel alone or in pairs. Instead, field-independent respondents more often prefer to travel within their country or abroad, sometimes by train, bus or bicycle, but are ready to spend this time either independently, as a couple or with a tourist group.

Analysis of psychological characteristics of tourists

The article analyzes the psychological characteristics of a person in the organization of leisure and recreation, the main features of tourism as an experience of moving in space from a place of permanent residence, the behavior of tourists through the choice of a place of travel. Independence of tourists of different categories. the positions are compared depending on the features of the choice of mountain, beach and historical and cultural centers. In the system of reasons and psychological functions of the choice of certain types of tourism, an individual psychological analysis of various groups of tourists (mountain tourists, historical and cultural tourists, beach tourists) is carried out, the internal psychological goals of tour operators and the positions of external objects of tourist activity, justified in geographical space relative to the time of rest, are considered. The purpose of the article is to identify the psychological characteristics of people using various types of tourism, and to analyze the functions of leisure when evaluating tourist destinations.

The Walnut Tree

If connections and experiences make us happy, why do we buy things? In this work of philosophical short story fiction, Nikolay runs a tour company in Uzbekistan. When his employee gets sick, he must take a group of American tourists to see a local walnut tree in a small village, then to Lake Urungach for photos. Their bus breaks down in the small village and they are forced to spend the day there while waiting for replacement transportation. A tough situation becomes festive when they decide to have a BBQ by the town walnut tree. Beer becomes wine as the day winds on and, eventually a traditional band comes out to play and keep them company. As it gets dark the power in the small town goes out so they decide to build a fire to continue their drinking and revelry into the night. Steve, an unhappy lawyer on yet another vacation meets Sevara, the beautiful Cambridge educated daughter of the village elder and is forced to wonder if its too late to start the type of life he wishes he’d always been living; a life full of simple joy, instead of acquisition. Finally, the replacement bus shows up and the tourists (many of which are now too drunk to walk) are sent home to their hotels.

Место европейских городов Средиземноморья в сфере туризма Европейского союза

The purpose of the study is to determine the position of Mediterranean cities in the European tourism system. For this purpose, the tourist attractiveness and tourism development of the Mediterranean region and the EU countries are analyzed. The place of the most attractive tourist cities of the Mediterranean in the EU market has been determined. Their strengths and weaknesses in the development of tourism are highlighted and opportunities and threats are considered. The methods of comparative, cluster, SWOT analysis were used in the work, a classification and a series of tables and maps were created. As a result of cluster analysis of a dozen indicators, groups of countries by tourist attractiveness and groups of cities of the European Union by the level of tourism development were identified. The study showed that the cities of the Mediterranean have different degrees of tourism development, while the level of tourism development in the cities of the western part of the region is higher than in the eastern. The largest of them have a diversified tourist offer and attract tourists as centers of resort, cultural and educational, business, event and religious tourism. They are a popular destination for citizens of Germany, Great Britain, Austria and the Scandinavian countries. There is also an interchange of tourists from the Mediterranean countries: France and Italy. Mediterranean cities have different and, in some cases, significantly different values of tourism development indicators. Higher rates of tourism development are observed in cities in the western part of the Mediterranean, while lower rates are observed in cities in the eastern part (cities of Greece, Croatia, Slovenia, Cyprus). The predominant number of Mediterranean cities, which are included in the list of the most popular destinations, demonstrate indicators of tourism development closer to the minimum values: economy and business, tourist activity, tourist policy and attractiveness, tourist infrastructure. In terms of characteristics, they are similar to cities in Portugal, as well as cities in Eastern Europe. The weak side of the development of tourism in Mediterranean cities is the indicators of sustainable development (the increase in average air temperature, the content of PM2.5 particles in the air), which affects the index of sustainable tourism. After the lifting of all coronavirus restrictions, Mediterranean cities are capable of rapid recovery due to the fact that they provide a familiar tourist product of good quality, which is important in conditions of uncertainty. Also, a plus is the proximity to the countries-the main suppliers of tourists and a long travel ban, which stimulated the desire to travel.

History of the Czechoslovak Tourist Society until 1938

The present paper examines the history of the second largest tourist organisation of interwar Czechoslovakia. Unlike other tourist organisations of the period, the Czechoslovak Tourist Society was founded relatively late, in 1925. Its membership was composed mainly of members of the middle and lower walks of life of the nation. Consequently, its primary objective was to offer the less well-off classes of the nation inexpensive group tours, visits to the natural beauties of Czechoslovakia or recreation stays in spas, while paying minimum membership fees. Through these activities, the Czechoslovak Tourist Society sought to contribute to the improvement of health of working people, believing that the physical and mental fitness of working people constituted a necessary prerequisite for the economic prosperity of the State and the nation’s ability to defend itself. The secondary objectives were to mark hiking trails or to build a small number of footholds that would enable the Czechoslovak Tourist Society to develop its recreation or training activities. Despite being the second largest tourist organisation in interwar Czechoslovakia, the Czechoslovak Tourist Society membership was relatively small compared to the dominant Club of Czechoslovak Tourists. At the end of the 1930s, the theme echoing in the Czechoslovak tourism consisted in the formation of a unified tourist organisation; nonetheless, the Czechoslovak Tourist Society disagreed to its proposed structure and therefore insisted on its, at least temporary, independence.

УСАМІТНЕНИЙ ВІДПОЧИНОК ЯК ТРЕНД ТУРИСТИЧНОГО РИНКУ

The article examines the tendency of the traveler to seek solitude with himself and his thoughts. Solitude has received a new wave of popularity on the international and domestic tourist market. There is an increasing rejection of mass group tours and trips (based on statistical data). According to a study by the World Travel and Tourism Council, about half of travelers worldwide traveled within their own country. In Ukraine, solo travel has doubled. According to the results of a survey conducted by the European Tourist Commission, the majority of Europeans in 2022 preferred short-term trips to less crowded, unfamiliar places, natural sites, national parks, rural settlements, protected areas. The issue of security is important. Travel insurance is always a good idea. The understanding of the role of a healthy lifestyle is growing. The importance of a healthy ecology is growing for solitary rest. This promotes interest in tourism in forest and rural regions, in particular, on weekends. There is an increase in demand for places where there is a balanced interaction of local residents and nature, hospitality and respect for privacy. Accordingly, the use of houses or separate apartments, tents is increasingly popular. All this affects the demand and supply of services in the tourist market. Secluded rest provides self-development and a unique experience of self-discovery, restoration of a person's physical and psychological health. It provides ample opportunities for self-reflection and growth with the joy of unlimited freedom. Unique design projects of houses, chalets or small hotels for comfortable seclusion in the forest or mountains, near water bodies or in the valley. Ukraine, thanks to its natural wealth, offers a choice of many ideal locations for seclusion from negative information and instability of the outside world to deepen your inner world. The importance of a healthy ecology of the country is growing for secluded recreation. Solo travel is becoming increasingly popular thanks to the internet, mobile apps and social media. They are used to obtain information or purchase any tourist services. Thus, the established trend will contribute to the construction of quality tourist products with selected customer segments.

BRAND PERSONALITY AND REVISIT INTENTION: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF TOURISTS’ SELF-IMAGE CONGRUITY

Purpose – Brand personality plays an important role in the development of tourists’ self-image congruence and revisit intention. This paper attempts to shed light on the relationship between brand personality and self-image congruence and revisit intention through a quantitative analysis. Design – Data were collected from 496 Vietnamese tourists who visited the top five tourist sites in Vietnam, including Ha Long, Phu Quoc, Sapa, Nha Trang, and Hoi An. Methodology – By using SEM in AMOS version 24 CFA was performed to test the the overall measurement model. Findings – Multivariate data analysis demonstrated that five dimensions of brand personalitỵ (Excitement, Sincerity, Sophistication, Competence, and Ruggedness) have a positive effect on self-image congruence and revisit intention. While excitement appears to be most helpful for developing self-image congruence, sincerity has the highest benefit for increasing revisit intention, sincerity has the highest utility for increasing revisit intention. In addition, revisit intention is most influenced by excitement and least influenced by sophistication through selfimage congruence. Originality of the research – The findings highlight the important role of attributes associated with tourist destinations. Managers in the tourism sector should be familiar with these characteristics in order to position or strengthen their destination’s brand with the aim of delivering to each tourist group a customized experience that resonate with their shared values. The insights provided by this paper also have important implications for travel companies in the gradual recovery of the country’s smoke-free industry under the conditions of the COVID -19 pandemic