Touch Tone Phone Research Articles

The Use of Telemonitoring in Managing the COVID-19 Pandemic: Pilot Implementation Study.

BackgroundMost people with COVID-19 self-manage at home. However, the condition can deteriorate quickly, and some people may develop serious hypoxia with relatively few symptoms. Early identification of deterioration allows effective management with oxygen and steroids. Telemonitoring of symptoms and physiological signs may facilitate this.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to design, implement, and evaluate a telemonitoring system for people with COVID-19 who are self-managing at home and are considered at significant risk of deterioration.MethodsA multidisciplinary team developed a telemonitoring protocol using a commercial platform to record symptoms, pulse oximetry, and temperature. If symptoms or physiological measures breached targets, patients were alerted and asked to phone for an ambulance (red alert) or for advice (amber alert). Patients attending COVID-19 assessment centers, who were considered fit for discharge but at risk of deterioration, were shown how to use a pulse oximeter and the monitoring system, which they were to use twice daily for 2 weeks. Patients could interact with the system via app, SMS, or touch-tone phone. Written guidance on alerts was also provided. Following consent, patient data on telemonitoring usage and alerts were linked to data on the use of service resources. Subsequently, patients who had either used or not used the telemonitoring service, including those who had not followed advice to seek help, agreed to brief telephone interviews to explore their views on, and how they had interacted with, the telemonitoring system. Interviews were recorded and analyzed thematically. Professionals involved in the implementation were sent an online questionnaire asking them about their perceptions of the service.ResultsWe investigated the first 116 patients who used the service. Of these patients, 71 (61.2%) submitted data and the remainder (n=45, 38.8%) chose to self-monitor without electronic support. Of the 71 patients who submitted data, 35 (49%) received 152 alerts during their 2-week observation. A total of 67 red alerts were for oxygen saturation (SpO2) levels of ≤93%, and 15 red alerts were because patients recorded severe breathlessness. Out of 71 patients, 14 (20%) were admitted to hospital for an average stay of 3.6 (SD 4.5) days. Of the 45 who used written guidance alone, 7 (16%) were admitted to hospital for an average stay of 4.0 (SD 4.2) days and 1 (2%) died. Some patients who were advised to seek help did not do so, some because parameters improved on retesting and others because they felt no worse than before. All patients found self-monitoring to be reassuring. Of the 11 professionals who used the system, most found it to be useful and easy to use. Of these 11 professionals, 5 (45%) considered the system “very safe,” 3 (27%) thought it “could be safer,” and 3 (27%) wished to have more experience with it before deciding. In total, 2 (18%) felt that SpO2 trigger thresholds were too high.ConclusionsSupported self-monitoring of patients with COVID-19 at home is reassuring to patients, is acceptable to clinicians, and can detect important signs of deterioration. Worryingly, some patients, because they felt well, occasionally ignored important signs of deterioration. It is important, therefore, to emphasize the importance of the early investigation and treatment of asymptomatic hypoxia at the time when patients are initiated and in the warning messages that are sent to patients.

Laser Alarm Security Systems

The project we have worked on is a wireless security system that can be controlled through a wireless remote or a touch tone phone from any place. The main component of this system are the infrared motion sensors and basic alarm unit. It works on detecting heat of any human body when there is any technical fault, in turn the alarm unit is triggered. The security makes the person monitoring security alert and may be the concerned local law enforcement body also, by sirening a high pitched sound. Here there are two types of laser beam that work: green beam, infrared beam.The infrared beam is not visible to naked to eyes whereas the green beam the visible. This project aims to improve security systems using real time monitoring and reporting by 4G/LTE or Bluetooth based technology.

Effect of personalized wrist orthosis for wrist pain with three-dimensional scanning and printing technique: A preliminary, randomized, controlled, open-label study.

Three-dimensional printer technology can produce the personalized orthosis in various forms. To develop a personalized wrist orthosis using a three-dimensional scanner and three-dimensional printer for patients with wrist pain. A preliminary, prospective, randomized, open-label study. A total of 22 patients with wrist pain were randomly assigned to the control and experimental groups. The control group wore a cock-up orthosis and the experimental group wore a three-dimensional-printed wrist orthosis for 1 week. The Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation, Jebsen Hand Function Test, and Orthotics and Prosthetics Users' Survey were checked before and 1 week after the application. The Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation showed significant pain relief in both groups. Two items of the 28 Orthotics and Prosthetics Users' Survey questions, "Put toothpaste on brush and brush teeth" and "Dial a touch tone phone," showed high satisfaction scores, with statistically significant difference in the experimental group ( p = 0.036 and 0.004). The three-dimensional-printed wrist orthosis was superior to the cock-up orthosis for two items of the Orthotics and Prosthetics Users' Survey. Wrist pain was reduced in the group wearing the three-dimensional-printed wrist orthosis as well as the group wearing the cock-up orthosis, so the three-dimensional-printed wrist orthosis could possibly play the same role as the cock-up orthosis. A three-dimensional-printed wrist orthosis can be a substitute for a conventional ready-made wrist orthosis for patients with wrist pain with more satisfaction.

Effect of personalized wrist brace for wrist pain with 3D scanning and printing technique: A preliminary, randomized, controlled, open-label study

Three-dimensional (3D) printer technology can produce the personalized brace with low cost and less time. 3D printing data files are also advantageous for production of individualized products at no extra cost, even when different designs are used in consecutive production runs. In addition, because the 3D printer is controlled by a computer, it can make objects in various forms and is easy to use, as compared to other manufacturing techniques. The purpose of this study was to develop a personalized wrist brace using a 3D scanner and 3D printer for patients with wrist pain caused by overuse syndrome, and to evaluate the improvement of pain relief, work performance, and daily life satisfaction after wearing the brace. Twenty patients with wrist pain were randomly assigned to control and experimental groups. The control group wore the cock-up splint and the experimental group wore 3D printed wrist brace for one week. Patient Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE), Jebsen Hand Function Test (JHFT), and Orthotics and Prosthetics User Survey (OPUS) were checked before and one week after the application. The PRWE showed significant pain relief in both groups. Two items of the 28 OPUS questions, ‘Put toothpaste on brush and brush teeth’ and ‘Dial a touch tone phone’, showed high satisfaction scores, with statistically significant difference in the experimental group ( P = 0.036 and 0.004). 3D printed wrist brace was superior to the cock-up splint in some items of the OPUS. Wrist pain was reduced in the group wearing the 3D printed wrist brace as well as the group wearing the cock-up splint, so 3D printed wrist brace could possibly play the same role as the cock-up splint.

Automated Tracking System Saves Time and Reduces Costs for Home Health Care Agencies

A touch-tone phone can be a powerful tool for improving the operation of a home health care agency. It is possible to verify that employees are at a patient location. Information necessary to automatically complete paperwork can be gathered using the phone while the worker is at the patient location, thus saving time and reducing mistakes. Computer- automated interfaces are available to both payroll and billing systems, saving significant back-office labor. Improved communication and operational efficiencies can be achieved through the use of an integral voice messaging system. The overall effect is to reduce expenses, improve operations, and provide strong visit verification and fraud control documentation.

INFO-U FAXBACK: Delivering Consumer Information through Fax-on-demand Technology

Through fax-on-demand technology, residents access selected extension service print information 24 hours a day, 7 days a week via touch tone phone. System hardware and software needs are reviewed.

A59 Development of a software using a touch tone phone system and a vocal interface for automatic registration and randomization in multicenter clinical trials: Further experience of the European lung cancer working party

When foraging, male big brown bats produce ultrasonic social calls. The calls repel rival bats from the caller and its prey, and increase the caller's foraging success during their high-speed aerial excursions.

Comparison of Quality and Completeness of National Climatic Data Center and Illinois Climate Assistance Service (CLASS) Data

We compare the Completeness and quality of one year's daily temperature and precipitation observations from the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) database with those received by the Illinois State Water Survey's (ISWS) Climate Assistance Service (CLASS). The NCDC data are keyed by hand from the E-15 forms received from the National Weather Service (NWS) Cooperative Observes, and are quality controlled. The CLASS data are transmitted by NWS Cooperative Observers via touch-tone phone to a Water Survey computer. These data are quality controlled only to the extent that each value is verbally repeated to the transmitting observer by voice synthesizer, and the ISWS compute checks to determine that the temperatures are consistent, i.e., maximum ≥ minimum and so on. The NCDC database was more complete than that of CLASS. This situation was most obvious for precipitation entries where CLASS observers typically made no precipitation entry (rather than transmitting a zero) to save transmission time. National Climatic Data Center, on the other hand, automatically enters zeros when precipitation was unreported but was unlikely to have occurred. The NCDC database which is rigidly quality controlled was also more accurate (only 0.4% errors) that class of CLASS (3.6% errors). It is possible that if telephone transmission became the official mechanism for data entry, missing data would be much reduced; and if each entry value had to be repeated by the observer, the accuracy of such transmissions would also improve.

Human Interface for System to Create Lists of Phone Numbers

An experiment utilizing 28 participants was conducted to evaluate two different user interfaces for creating and building lists of phone numbers using only a Touch Tone phone. Two different methods of use were compared and evaluated. Predefined tasks were given to the participants, and individual keystrokes, incorrect responses, and “inefficient” responses were recorded. Questionnaires were administered to obtain user opinion for assisting in making marketing decisions. The analysis of the performance data identified a number of problem areas. System-initiated time outs and a lack of user control resulted in frequent errors and confusion. The method of accessing the system and the terminology employed throughout were found to be obstacles to ease of use. To remedy these problems a third method of use was developed and its benefits are presented in this paper.

Speech recognition and control system for the severely disabled

The availability of microprocessors opens many applications for speech recognition systems where constraints on price, weight, volume and power consumption are imposed, such as in the case of a voice control system for the severely disabled. A microprocessor based speech recognition system for the voice control of wheelchair, touch-tone phone, type-writer and environmental control unit, is described. The finite word length, fixed point arithmetics and relatively show execution time of the microprocessor introduce several difficulties in the implementation of the recognition process. Algorithms for feature extraction (mainly the autoregressive, or linear prediction coefficients), classification and training are presented. The hierarchical memory organization is discussed. Results with the tendigit set, used to activate a touch-tone phone, are given. With this set the system exhibits less than one percent substitutions and eleven percent rejections.

Impact of Alternative Remote Access Computer Systems on Extension Programs

A question of concern to extension workers is whether use of computer programs via a remote access delivery system significantly improves extension education programs; and, if so, whether the benefits to extension programs are worth their cost. Relative costs are particularly important in light of the findings of Candler, Boehlje, and Saathoff that extension software must meet higher clarity, speed, and reliability standards than corresponding research software. They contend that while the researcher is normally able and willing to work with the computer and computer programs until useful results are generated, the extension worker wants to use the computer without unrealistic solutions, software malfunction, or hardware breakdown. This note presents the results of a study designed to assess the cost and value of remote access computer systems in an extension farm management program. Three different delivery technologiesmail-in, touch-tone phone, printing terminal-are compared, and the impact of remote access use on certain characteristics of extension programs is assessed.