Smartphone Research Articles

A Study On Customer Satisfaction with Smartwatches at Krishnagiri District

This study looks into customer satisfaction with smart watches, focusing on critical elements that influence user experiences and perceptions. We used a questionnaire to get user feedback on functionality, design, battery life, and integration with other devices. The findings show that people value health and fitness tracking capabilities, convenience of use, and smart phone compatibility. While many customers indicate great satisfaction, questions about battery life and app availability remain. The findings emphasize the necessity of ongoing innovation and customer service in increasing user happiness. This study helps to understand consumer behavior in the fast evolving wearable

The Evolution of Real Estate: Digital Marketing's Influence

Digital marketing has become an essential trend for real estate firms in India, driven by improved network infrastructure and the widespread use of smart phones. This research examines the various digital marketing strategies employed by real estate companies and evaluates their effectiveness. With potential clients increasingly conducting their own research online, digital marketing has become a vital component of overall marketing efforts. Enhancing brand image and facilitating efficient customer communication are imperative for real estate organizations, and this requires fortifying their online presence on search engines, corporate websites, and social media platforms. Digital marketing, particularly through social media platforms, has a significant influence on the real estate industry, just like it does on many other sectors. In today's real estate marketing, websites, Face book, Integra, and YouTube have become indispensable resources. There is little study that focuses especially on social media management within India's real estate business, despite the fact that economic growth and population increase are the driving forces behind Indonesia's real estate market. Major segments in the real estate market include land, residential, commercial, and industrial properties, as well as real estate investment trusts, undeveloped land, and vacation homes. In the fiercely competitive real estate landscape, agents must do more than merely acquire a license—they need to embrace the digital innovations reshaping property transactions. Integrating digital marketing fully into real estate services is imperative. To meet the increasing demand for sustainability, real estate firms must develop digital expertise and skills to deliver impactful and efficient digital marketing solutions.

Smartphone Aided Funduscopy in Albino Rabbits

Aims: The methodology, utility and clinical feasibility of using a smartphone camera to obtain images of ocular fundus of albino rabbits with ocular hypertension and normotension were studied. A comparative analysis of fundus images obtained from two popularly used smartphone models, android and iOS device was performed on 36 adult albino rabbits. Study Design: A cross-sectional study involving two cohorts of ocular hypertensive and normotensive albino rabbits. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy for an eight-week period (2023). Methodology: A total of 36 adult albino rabbits (18 males and 18 females; age range 6- 8 months of age) with ocular normotensive eyes and unilateral ocular hypertension-induced models were used. The conscious animals were gently restrained in an acrylic restrainer. Instillation of topical mydriatic solution (tropicamide 0.8% and phenylephrine 5%) facilitated visual examination and enhanced field of view along with auxiliary condensing lenses of 20 and 40 Diopters. A comparison of fundus images obtained from two popularly used smartphone models, android and iOS devices was performed on 36 adult albino rabbits. Results: Fundus images comprising the optic nerve head and peripapillary retina were obtained with adequate spatial resolution and detail. The variation between optic disc of ocular hypertensive eye revealed mild edema and cupping of optic disc. Normal merangiotic retina and optic disc were clearly obtained in normotensive rabbit eyes. The iOS device used in this case yielded better images in resolution and field of view compared to the android version used in this case. Conclusion: Smart phone funduscopy offered good detail in contrast and resolution even in amelanotic eyes of albino rabbits using inbuilt technology without the need for an external adapter or sophisticated additional software. It is an animal-friendly futuristic solution for digital documentation, telemedicine, teaching and clinical prognosis formulation.

Mechanism of TMB Discoloration Catalyzed by Layered CoNi@CN Nanozymes: Application Based on Smart Phone for Resorcinol Detection

Comprehensive SummaryReal‐time on‐site monitoring of resorcinol (RS) concentrations is crucial for detecting hazardous levels, enabling prompt response measures to mitigate potential environmental and health risks. In this study, we developed an innovative method using CoNi@CN‐2 nanozymes to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for oxidizing 3,3',5,5'‐tetramethylbenzidine (TMB). Our results show that the formation of Ni2+ through the oxidation of Ni0 on the CoNi@CN‐2 surface significantly enhances the electron‐donating capacity of Co0. The catalytic reaction of TMB is mediated by redox active species (SO4•−, •O2−, •OH and 1O2). RS drives colorimetry by transferring electrons to the benzene ring and specific nitrogen atoms in ox‐TMB, reducing ox‐TMB to TMB. Furthermore, the colorimetric assay shows a robust linear correlation between RS concentration and absorbance (Abs), described by Abs = –0.44[RS] + 0.886 (0—200 μmol/L, R2 = 0.983). Also, we introduce a novel smartphone‐integrated autonomous detection software that can analyze RS concentration and grayscale values (GSV), yielding GSV = 0.327[RS] + 63.601 (0—200 μmol/L, R2 = 0.990) with a detection limit of 5.29 μmol/L. Additionally, excess PMS leads to ROS attacking specific sites in ox‐TMB, forming secondary oxidation products. This study has enabled rapid and accurate detection of RS, making a significant contribution to environmental safety and protection.

Smart Phone Application Reminder for Patients with Fixed Orthodontic Appliance to Improve Oral Hygiene

INTRODUCTION: In light of the extensive use of mobile phones and their associated software applications (Apps), as well as the undisputed role of reminders and Apps in behavioral interventions, the goal of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of an application for smartphones (Brush DJ) to enhance oral hygiene compliance in individuals with fixed orthodontic therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this prospective study, 82 patients between the ages of 18 and 22 were divided into four groups, two of which (the experimental group and the control group) had just begun fixed orthodontic treatment (called New) and the other two (the experimental group and the control group) were have passed fifth months from the beginning of the treatment (called Old). Patients in the intervention group were asked to use the Brush DJ smartphone App after getting traditional oral hygiene training, compared to patients in the control group who got conventional oral hygiene instruction. At baseline (T0), 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks following the start of the study, the plaque index (PI) and marginal bleeding index (MBI) were measured. Only patients with the software completed a questionnaire to determine how frequently and how long they brushed their teeth each day. RESULTS: Both New and Old orthodontic cases in the intervention groups showed improvements in PI, whereas the parameter of bleeding showed no significant differences. During the follow-up period, application usage was associated with a higher brushing frequency and duration. CONCLUSION: Apps might significantly improve the oral hygiene compliance of orthodontic patients by acting as reminders and motivators.

The Use of Wearables and Smart Phone Apps for a Non-Inferior Recovery After Lower Limb Total Joint Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The Use of Wearables and Smart Phone Apps for a Non-Inferior Recovery After Lower Limb Total Joint Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Factors Influencing Teachers’ Turnover from Government Secondary Schools in Makete District, Tanzania

This study investigated about factors influencing teachers’ turnover from government secondary schools in Makete District, Tanzania. The study employed the descriptive design. The design was chosen because it is the best for fact finding studies. While the number of schools in Makete district was 120, only five schools were selected through simple random sampling. The target sample included 16 participants: five heads of schools, 10 teachers and one District Education Officer. The study used interviews as source of data. The researchers used a smart phone to record participants’ responses during interview sessions and then, the responses were transcribed verbatim. The study analyzed the data according to themes. The study concludes that there are various factors that cause teachers’ turnover from Secondary schools in Makete District. Such reasons include low salary, lack of teachers’ houses, misunderstanding at work place, heavy workload, lack of support from school administration and delayed promotion. In order to curb these, challenges, the government needs to recruit more teachers to meet the requirement of teachers in government secondary schools, especially in rural areas. There is a need to build teachers’ houses in order to accommodate them in quality houses. Finally, the government needs to provide special allowances for teachers working in remote areas like Makete.

On safety of swelled commercial lithium-ion batteries: A study on aging, swelling, and abuse tests

Lithium-ion battery technology has advanced significantly, making these power sources essential for portable electronic devices such as smartphones. In 2023, global smartphone shipments reached nearly 1.2 billion units, underscoring the widespread reliance on these batteries. However, as batteries age, they may swell and potentially pose explosion risks. To investigate the safety of swollen batteries, this study conducts accelerated aging and swelling tests on lithium-ion batteries from five leading brands, which together represent over half of the global smartphone market share. The research involves a series of comprehensive tests, including Accelerated Rate Calorimeters (ARC) test, mechanical, electrical, and thermal abuse tests in accordance with Chinese national standards, as well as gas composition and theoretical flammability analyses on both new and swollen batteries. The findings indicate that swollen batteries generally exhibit safer behavior under floating charging conditions, and both new and swollen batteries pass the abuse tests within the standard framework. This study suggests that the safety of swollen lithium-ion batteries cannot be categorically labeled as dangerous or safe and should be assessed within the context of specific environments.

A Wearable Gait-Analysis Device for Idiopathic Normal-Pressure Hydrocephalus (INPH) Monitoring.

Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a progressive neurologic disorder (fluid build-up in the brain) that affects 0.2-5% of the UK population aged over 65. Mobility problems, dementia and urinary incontinence are symptoms of iNPH but often these are not properly evaluated, and patients receive the wrong diagnosis. Here, we describe the development and testing of a wearable device that records and analyses a patient's gait. The movement patterns, expressed as quantitative data, allow clinicians to improve the non-invasive diagnosis of iNPH as well as monitor the management of patients undergoing treatment. The wearable sensor system comprises a miniature electronic unit that attaches to one ankle of the patient via a simple Velcro strap. The unit monitors acceleration along three axes with a sample rate of 60 Hz and transmits the data via a Bluetooth communication link to a tablet or smart phone running the Android and the iOS operating systems. The software package extracts statistics based on stride length, stride height, distance walked and speed. Analysis confirmed that the system achieved an average accuracy of at least 98% for gait tests conducted over distances 9 m. Using this device will improve the diagnostic process and management of iNPH and the treatment and management of this condition.

WOUND SURFACE MEASUREMENT USING DIGITAL PLANIMETRY IN DOGS

The study was carried out to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of digital planimetry apps for wound measurement in dogs. Twenty four clinical cases of dogs with the history of wound presented for wound management were randomly divided into four groups consisting of six animals each and wound measurements were taken on 0, 2, 4 and 7th day. The wound was measured with length, breadth, area and circumference using Imito Measure mobile application through smart phone camera. Based on reduction in wound size healing rate was assessed. Digital planimetry applications are accurate and precise in wound measurement compare to standard ruler method and tracing method.

An ultrasensitive and visual ratio fluorescence sensing platform for tannic acid in water based on boric acid functionalized lanthanide MOF

Tannic acid (TA) is a natural polyphenol that is widely used as a preservative and antioxidant in foods, beverages, health products and pharmaceuticals. In this study, a novel Eu-MOF skeleton was prepared using a simple solvothermal strategy and used as a ratio-metric fluorescence sensor for the ultra-sensitive detection of TA. The constructed Eu-MOF has excellent fluorescence properties and high stability in the aqueous phase. With the introduction of TA, a special covalent structure is formed between the o-diphenol group of TA and the boric acid hydroxyl group in ligand of the MOF, resulting in a gradual decrease in the red emission of Eu-MOF at 614 nm and a basically invariable blue emission at 420 nm. As the concentration of TA increased, the color of the system also changes from red to blue, thus achieving rapid and sensitive detection with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 75.6 nM through a ratiometric fluorescence strategy. What is more, Eu-MOF fluorescent probe combined with smart phone color detector is used to visually detect TA. The propose method is successfully applied in the target analysis in tea and beverage samples and the recovery is 95.6∼110.0 %, which is proved to be an effective strategy for the food safety and healthy monitoring.

Evaluating the accuracy and reliability of non-piezo portable ultrasound devices in postpartum care.

The early diagnosis of hemorrhage viapostpartum ultrasound is crucial to initiate therapy and, thus, prevent maternal death. In these critical situations rapid availability and simple transport of ultrasound devices is vital, paving the way for a new generation of portable handheld ultrasound devices (PUD) consisting of transducers and tablets or smart phones. However, evidence to confirm the diagnostic accuracyof these new devices is still scarce. The accuracy and reliability of these new devices in relation to established standard ultrasound devices is analyses in this pilot study by comparing diagnoses and by applying statistical analysis via Bland-Altman plots, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), and Pearson correlation coefficients (PCC). One hundred patients of a university hospital were included in this study. In all cases, the same diagnosis was made regardless of the applied ultrasound device, confirming high accuracy. There was a high correlation (PCC 0.951) and excellent agreement (ICC 0.974) in the assessment of the cavum, while the assessment of the diameters of the uterus showed only a good correlation and a goodagreement. Subgroup analysis for maternal weight, mode of delivery and day after deliverywasperformed CONCLUSION: Thesame diagnosis independent ofthe used devices and excellent results of the cavum assessment promote the use of PUDs in a clinical setting. The slightly lower accuracy in the measurement of the uterus may be caused by the PUD's small acoustic window, reflecting one of its weaknesses.Therefore, the patient may benefit from the short time to diagnosis and the unbound location of examination, either in the delivery room, on the ward, or at home.

Factors Influencing Smart Phone Buying Behavior of Consumers: Implications for Building a Marketing Strategy

This research investigated the nature of factors that influence the smartphone buying decision in Arar province in Saudia Arabia. The research is based on a survey which targets individuals who own smartphones. A total of 384 smartphone owners were questioned. The five items that correspond to the study’s independent variables (personal factors, external factors) underwent reliability analysis. The results allowed confirming the reliability of the questionnaire items. The statistical package analysis program SPSS was used to examine the study data. The ACP-method, regression model, was used to evaluate our hypothesis. The ACP resulted in dividing the influencing factors into 3 groups: personal factors, external factors, and gender. Regression model analysis revealed that personal factors, external factors and gender accounted for 41.7% of the variance in buying decisions and were statistically significant. It has also been confirmed that these variables have an impact on smartphone buying behavior. The results of the analysis revealed that internal and external factors, as well as gender, influence the decision to purchase a smartphone. Personal traits have a greater impact on the decision to purchase a smartphone. The findings are important for smartphone marketers to better analyze consumer behavior and segment the market based on the customer’s particular qualities. The same results can be applied to these firms’ product development processes.

Strategy of Constructing Ratio-Dependent Coordination Polymer probes and Their Film Application with a Smart Phone for Detection of Lomefloxacin Hydrochloride and Sodium Salicylate.

Lomefloxacin hydrochloride (LMFX) and sodium salicylate (SS) are important targets for real-time detection due to their widespread uses in daily life; accurate and portable monitoring of LMFX and SS is crucial for human health concerns accordingly. Developing a precise and smart platform for determination of the above analytes remains a significant challenge. Herein, a high-sensitivity platform incorporating a luminescence electrospinning film, self-designed smart-phone app, and portable 3D printing device has been developed to identify LMFX and SS. In this work, two heterometallic coordination polymers with two-dimensional layer structures have been synthesized based on 2,2'-oxidiacetic acid ligand (H2oda), namely, [LnPb(oda)2(CH3COO)]n [Ln = Eu (IMU-1); Tb (IMU-2)]. IMU-1 and IMU-2 were ratio-dependent luminescence probes, which could selectively and sensitively sense with LMFX and SS, respectively. Additionally, the synthesized electrospinning films incorporating IMU-1 and IMU-2 were employed to identify LMFX and SS. Both films could rapidly photograph and color-capture through a portable 3D printing device, along with a self-designed smart-phone app that enabled convenient and quick determination of the concentrations of the above analytes. Remarkably, the mechanism exploration indicated that electron transfer from ligands to analytes affected the antenna effect and further utilized the intrinsic luminescence of analytes along with the luminescence quenching of Ln3+ ions. Furthermore, a strategy for constructing ratio-based fluorescent probes by exploiting the luminescence of analytes and Ln3+ ions in host coordination polymers is proposed. This work provides a new insight by combining luminescence probes, portable devices, and a smart-phone app for real-time detection of drugs and food additives.

SAFERIDES: Application of decentralized control edge-computing to ridesharing monitoring services

Edge computing changed the face of many industries and services. Common edge computing models offload computing which is prone to security risks and privacy breach. However, advances in deep learning enabled Internet of Things (IoTs) to onload tasks and run cognitive tasks locally. This research introduces a decentralized-control edge model where computation and decision-making are moved to the IoT level. The model aims at decreasing communication and computation dependance on the edge which affect efficiency and latency. The model also limits data transfer to the edge to avoid security and privacy risks. Decentralized control is a key to many business applications that prioritizes safety, real-time response, and privacy such as ridesharing monitoring and industrial operations. To examine the model, we developed SAFERIDES, a scene-aware ridesharing monitoring system where smart phones are detecting violations at the runtime. Current monitoring systems require costly infrastructure and continuous network connectivity. However, SAFRIDES uses optimized deep learning models that run locally on IoTs to detect and record violations in ridesharing. The system achieved the lowest latency among current solution, while minimizing data sharing and maintaining privacy. Moreover, decentralized edge computing empowers IoTs and upgrades their functionality from sensing to independent decision-making.

‘Watkins’ & ‘Watkins2.0’: Smart phone applications (Apps) for gait-assessment in normal pressure hydrocephalus and decompensated long-standing overt ventriculomegaly

ObjectiveGait disturbance is one of the features of normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) and decompensated long-standing overt ventriculomegaly (LOVA). The timed-up-and-go (TUG) test and the timed-10-m-walking test (10MWT) are frequently used assessments tools for gait and balance disturbances in NPH and LOVA, as well as several other disorders. We aimed to make smart-phone apps which perform both the 10MWT and the TUG-test and record the results for individual patients, thus making it possible for patients to have an objective assessment of their progress. Patients with a suitable smart phone can perform repeat assessments in their home environment, providing a measure of progress for them and for their clinical team.Methods10MWT and TUG-test were performed by 50 healthy adults, 67 NPH and 10 LOVA patients, as well as 5 elderly patients as part of falls risk assessment using the Watkins2.0 app. The 10MWT was assessed with timed slow-pace and fast-pace. Statistical analysis used SPSS (version 25.0, IBM) by paired t-test, comparing the healthy and the NPH cohorts. Level of precision of the app as compared to a clinical observer using a stopwatch was evaluated using receiver operating characteristics curve.ResultsAs compared to a clinical observer using a stopwatch, in 10MWT the app showed 100% accuracy in the measure of time taken to cover distance in whole seconds, 95% accuracy in the number of steps taken with an error ± 1–3 steps, and 97% accuracy in the measure of total distance covered with error of ± 0.25–0.50 m. The TUG test has 100% accuracy in time taken to complete the test in whole seconds, 97% accuracy in the number of steps with an error of ± 1–2 steps and 87.5% accuracy in the distance covered with error of ± 0.50 m. In the measure of time, the app was found to have equal sensitivity as an observer. In measure of number of steps and distance, the app demonstrated high sensitivity and precision (AUC > 0.9). The app also showed significant level of discrimination between healthy and gait-impaired individuals.Conclusion‘Watkins’ and ‘Watkins2.0’ are efficient apps for objective performance of 10MWT and the TUG-test in NPH and LOVA patients and has application in several other pathologies characterised by gait and balance disturbance.

Smart Phone Addiction: Enhanced or Diminished Meta Cognitive Skill in Pupil Teacher

Technology is now days as important as other daily routine in life. When technology comes in existence it is used in supportive way but now, we depend on technology. Technology uses start with computer then landline after that cell phones and now smartphone. Smartphone addiction, a modern behavioral disorder, is characterized by compulsive overuse of mobile devices and measured by frequency of access or total screen time. While smartphones can enhance teaching and learning in higher education, their excessive use poses significant risks to students' mental health and academic performance. The constant urge to check devices can lead to reduced concentration, impaired memory, and diminished critical thinking skills. As smartphones become increasingly integrated into student life, educational institutions face the challenge of balancing their benefits with the need to promote healthy usage habits and protect students' well-being. Therefore, researcher want to know is pupil teacher also have smartphone addiction. If yes then how smartphone addiction effect on their meta-cognitive skill which is about their skill related to teaching. The research methodology for this study is descriptive (survey). Sampling technique simple random sampling and sample size is 400. In this study the result found that significant impact of smartphone addiction on the metacognitive skills of pupil teachers. So smartphone addiction degraded our cognition in some manner.

Assessing access: Texting hotline app provides mental health crisis care for economically deprived youth

BackgroundDue to rapidly increasing youth suicides in the U.S state of Utah, the legislature funded creation of a 24/7 texting-based smartphone app in Spanish and English targeting Utah's school aged population. Recent research elsewhere (in the Netherlands) suggests cost inhibits help seeking among the economically disadvantaged. We evaluate the relationship between poverty and app usage during the onset of the COVID-19. MethodLocal demographics, social determinants of health and COVID-19 infection rates were modeled using a Bayesian spatio-temporal approach examining usage rates. ResultsWhen controlling for generally researched suicide crisis covariates, app usage is shown to vary depending on economic status of the population, with the largest relative increases in use among disadvantaged youth. DiscussionThis bilingual Spanish/English, texting (SMS) based, smart phone app crisis hotline proved effective at providing adolescents from certain populations access to mental health care. The groups discussed are in Census Block Groups (CBGs – neighborhoods) with higher poverty, and/or lower population density (rural areas). The usage of the crisis hotline by these populations increased relative to the overall population as the COVID-19 pandemic unfolded. However, adolescents from areas of higher mobility (our proxy for housing insecure) and those in areas with larger non-White populations had a relative decrease in usage.

Ethical Difficulties of the Elderly Challenges and Opportunities in the smart phone era

Ethical Difficulties of the Elderly Challenges and Opportunities in the smart phone era

Early gait analysis after total knee arthroplasty based on artificial intelligence dynamic image recognition

To explore early postoperative gait characteristics and clinical outcomes after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). From February 2023 to July 2023, 26 patients with unilateral knee osteoarthritis (KOA) were treated with TKA, including 4 males and 22 females, aged from 57 to 85 years old with an average of (67.58±6.49) years old;body mass index (BMI) ranged from 18.83 to 38.28 kg·m-2 with an average of (26.43±4.15) kg·m-2;14 patients on the left side, 12 patients on the right side;according to Kellgren-Lawrence(K-L) classification, 6 patients with grade Ⅲ and 20 patients with grade IV;the courses of disease ranged from 1 to 14 years with an average of (5.54±3.29) years. Images and videos of standing up and walking, walking side shot, squatting and supine kneeling were taken with smart phones before operation and 6 weeks after operation. The human posture estimation framework OpenPose were used to analyze stride frequency, step length, step length, step speed, active knee knee bending angle, stride length, double support phase time, as well as maximum hip flexion angle and maximum knee bending angle on squatting position. Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) arthritis index and Knee Society Score (KSS) were used to evaluate clinical efficacy of knee joint. All patients were followed up for 5 to 7 weeks with an average of (6.00±0.57) weeks. The total score of WOMAC decreased from (64.85±11.54) before operation to (45.81±7.91) at 6 weeks after operation (P<0.001). The total KSS was increased from (101.19±9.58) before operation to (125.50±10.32) at 6 weeks after operation (P<0.001). The gait speed, stride frequency and stride length of the affected side before operation were (0.32±0.10) m·s-1, (96.35±24.18) steps·min-1, (0.72±0.14) m, respectively;and increased to (0.48±0.11) m·s-1, (104.20±22.53) steps·min-1, (0.79±0.10) m at 6 weeks after operation (P<0.05). The lower limb support time and active knee bending angle decreased from (0.31±0.38) s and (125.21±11.64) ° before operation to (0.11±0.04) s and (120.01±13.35) ° at 6 weeks after operation (P<0.05). Eleven patients could able to complete squat before operation, 13 patients could able to complete at 6 weeks after operation, and 9 patients could able to complete both before operation and 6 weeks after operation. In 9 patients, the maximum bending angle of crouching position was increased from 76.29° to 124.11° before operation to 91.35° to 134.12° at 6 weeks after operation, and the maximum bending angle of hip was increased from 103.70° to 147.25° before operation to 118.61° to 149.48° at 6 weeks after operation. Gait analysis technology based on artificial intelligence image recognition is a safe and effective method to quantitatively identify the changes of patients' gait. Knee pain of KOA was relieved and the function was improved, the supporting ability of the affected limb was improved after TKA, and the patient's stride frequency, stride length and stride speed were improved, and the overall movement rhythm of both lower limbs are more coordinated.