Touch Pad Research Articles

B13 音声出力を付加した力覚提示タッチパッドの検証(M-OS17-1:触覚フィードバック,M-OS17 触覚フィードバック,「海を越え,国を越え,世代を超えて!」)

The force display touch pad is a pointing device that presents the position of the window frame or buttons on PC screen to the operator. Visually impaired persons or elderly people will be helped by the use of the PC by force feedback with this device. Screen reader is a software to transmit information on the computer screen into auditory information. We use the screen reader and the force display touch pad simultaneously. In this paper, we evaluate operationality and accessibility of the force display touch pad added auditory output.

Watchful Reading: Optical illusion in static and transient characters

Today, knowledge on ideal text legibility and high-quality typefaces support fast reading and are accessible to almost everybody who uses a computer. Instead of accelerating the reading process, the kind of typography discussed in this article invites the observer to play in order to catch attention and go beyond the sheer process of reading. Text, which tricks our perception, is observed more intensely than usual ones. Roman Terpitz’ exhibition poster (Figure 1) and the typeface Wirefox (Figure 2) demonstrate how this works in static images. Currently, there is quick growth of still and moving images. Flickering screens catch attention while their content is exchangeable anytime. Hand-held devices like smart phones, touch pads or large, facade-covering LED billboards allow text to be convertible over time. The experiment Dancing type (Figure 3) shows how animated characters can change between text and texture. Words reveal out of a graphical structure and immediately dissolve afterwards. This claims the observer’s attention. This article will introduce and analyse a typography that leads to questions like where it could be used beyond advertising, which applications make sense, if it could improve communication qualities of certain texts and how it can add benefits to current screen technologies.

Use and Design of Handheld Computers for Older Adults: A Review and Appraisal

This article presents a comprehensive literature review to investigate whether and why older adults accept handheld computers and how to design elderly-friendly handheld computers. Findings about acceptance, input devices, menu and functions, and output devices are summarized. First, older adults were under social pressure to use mobile phones, but they had low acceptance of advanced functions. Also, they had a different way to judge acceptance factors from younger adults. Second, older adults preferred the physical keyboard to the on-screen keyboard for text entry, whereas they preferred tapping the touch pad to the joystick and buttons for pointing tasks. Third, older adults had shallower mental representation of the mobile phone menus than younger adults. Navigation aids providing contextual information and large cognitive preview per screen could help them. Finally, recommended size and spacing for text and icons are presented.

Frail, Fatal, Fundamental: The Future of Public Libraries

Public libraries will survive and thrive by recognizing their changing roles. With the digital world of content, the role is shifting to that of content aggregators, access managers, and educators in digital literacy. Often PC-skill workshops are filled with the same people who demonstrate digital dexterity in knitting and quilting groups, but who lack a new kind of digital dexterity in making a mouse or touch pad do what they want. The questions that are challenging public libraries are these: “What will be the future mix between digital and physical access to content and services?,” “What service model will we adopt or adapt?,” and “Who has the skills to teach in the digital environment?”

Converting Objects in Physical World into Digital World Using Color Recognition

Gestures do speak well than commands. We usually interact computers with GUI based HID devices. It would be more realistic if the Holy Grail gesture based natural interface enables illiterates even to augment machine usability. This evolution shouldn't be an overhead to the consumerism. Also economical constraint should not force this to be inefficient due to productivity cost. In this paper, we proposed a new genre of interacting with computational devices and our goal is to make the user interface more intuitive. Rather using the mouse and touch pads to achieve the tasks like moving, left & right clicks of the mouse pointer, with our new algorithm you can achieve that with your own color marker tapped finger. In this beginning version of this algorithm we used color markers to reduce false detection of the user finger. With our algorithm it produces a high degree of accuracy in color recognition and make your own finger tapped with the recognized color marker to function as like a computer mouse. Hence such an idea of making the existing wheel to be fit into the new body seems good. Thus by integrating various efficient pragmatics into a new paradigm, syntactically this system is proposed.

Paper‐Based, Capacitive Touch Pads

Metallized paper is patterned to create touch pads of arrayed buttons that are sensitive to contact with both bare and gloved fingers. The paper-based keypad detects the change in capacitance associated with the touch of a finger to one of its buttons. Mounted on an alarmed cardboard box, the keypad requires the appropriate sequence of touches to disarm the system.

Low-Cost Teleoperation of Remotely Located Actuators Based on Dual Tone Multi-Frequency Data Transfer

DTMF (Dual Tone Multi Frequency) is a system of signal tones used for telecommunications. DTMF uses two tones to represent each key on the touch pad. DTMF data transfer technique has advantages such as high reliability, constant speed, and high signal to noise ratio, low cost and optimal utilization of existing resources. These features make DTMF an attractive Data Transfer Technique. It finds application in home and car security systems, robot control, SMS and voice call controlled industrial applications. In this paper, we discuss the use of DTMF data transfer in a voice call to control a toy car. Cell phone 1(CP 1), which is at user end, makes a call to cell phone 2(CP 2) at the machine end and establishes a connection. A key is pressed at the user side. Two tones corresponding to one key are encoded and sent through the cell phone network. Both tones are tapped through the earphone jack of cell phone at machine end and are decoded. The output is fed to a Micro-controller. The Micro-controller is connected to the remote control unit of the toy car, which in turn controls the motion of the car. The car moves in various directions according to the key pressed user. The electronic circuit is divided into 2 parts. The transmitter side consisting of Cell phone 1 with an inbuilt encoder and the receiver side consisting of Cell Phone 2, 8870 DTMF decoder and Atmega 16 micro-controller. The programming has been carried out on AVR Bascom®.

Environmental contamination because of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii surrounding colonized or infected patients

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii (MDR-AB) is an important nosocomial pathogen associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We conducted a prospective cohort study of intensive care unit patients colonized or infected with MDR-AB at a tertiary care hospital from October 2008 to January 2009. For each patient, 10 surfaces in the patient room were sampled and evaluated for the presence of A baumannii. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was performed on all environmental isolates and a clinical isolate if available. Fifty rooms were sampled; 48% (24/50) were positive at 1 or more environmental sites. Supply carts (10/50, 20%), floors (8/50, 16%), infusion pumps (7/50, 14%), and ventilator touch pads (5/44, 11.4%) were most commonly contaminated. Patients with a recent history of MDR-AB were no more likely to contaminate their environment than patients with a remote history (51% vs 36%, respectively, P value = .50). In 85% (17/20) of cases, the environmental isolate was classified as genetically similar to the patient isolate. For patients with MDR-AB, the surrounding environment is frequently contaminated, even among patients with a remote history of MDR-AB. Surfaces often touched by health care workers during routine patient care are commonly contaminated and may be a source of nosocomial spread.

4220 POSTER Experiences of Using a Touch Pad in the Clinic

4220 POSTER Experiences of Using a Touch Pad in the Clinic

Rhinology/Allergy

Program Description: The miniseminar provides an open forum for interactive discussion of management options and the decision rationale involved in sinus and skull base cases of varying complexity. A case presentation format is utilized with case presentations from each of the panelists. Questions regarding differential diagnosis, evaluation, imaging, and treatment are posed to the audience in multiple choice format. The responses provided by the audience response system are then discussed and expanded upon by the panelists in an interactive discussion. In general, cases are selected that might be encountered by either a general otolaryngologist or a subspecialty rhinologist, but which have important decision and management dilemmas. Each panelist has been chosen because of their depth of knowledge in the field and because of the clarity of their presentations. Particular emphasis is placed on the decision making process and on frontal sinus disease, revision surgery, and fungal sinusitis, as well as the management of more common tumors. The rationale behind each recommendation will be carefully elucidated. Discussion from the floor is encouraged and the use of a touch pad audience response system creates audience participation as an integral aspect of the case discussions. Educational Objectives: 1) Improve knowledge of the surgical decision making process in chronic sinus disease. 2) Learn different imaging modalities and improve quality of interpretation for both CT and MRI images. 3) Improve understanding of the management of difficult to treat chronic rhinosinusitis.

P‐213L: Late‐News Poster: Optimization of High‐Aperture‐Ratio Fringe‐Field‐Switching Pressure‐Resistance Characteristic for Touch‐Screen Display

AbstractCurrently, smart phone and table pc like I phone and I pad with touch pad are main trend in the mobile market. Using touch pad, display image is distorted by external pressure with touch pen and fingers. Because such defects, improvement of pressure resistant characteristic by external pressure (Trace mura) is became more important factor. To solve the problem, we studied pressure resistant characteristic by rubbing uniformity, alignment anchoring force, rotational viscosity of liquid crystal and pixel electrode length of domain structure. Through these experiment results, we have found the design of improving pressure resistant characteristic (Trace mura). Low rotational viscosity of liquid crystal shows stronger pressure resistant characteristic than high rotational viscosity of liquid crystal and as the length of pixel electrode is shorter, pressure resistant characteristic (Trace mura) is good. It is much advantageous for touch pad display field.

A Touch Interface Exploiting Time-Frequency Classification Using Zak Transform for Source Localization on Solids

We propose a new approach to the development of a touch interface using surface-mounted sensors which allows one to convert a hard surface into a touch pad. This is achieved by using location template matching (LTM), a source localization algorithm that is robust to dispersion and multipath. In this interdisciplinary research, we employ mechanical vibration theories that model wave propagation of the flexural modes of vibration generated by an impact on the surface. We then verify that the amplitude variance across time for each propagating mode frequency is unique to each location on a surface. We show that the Zak transform allows us to faithfully track these amplitude variations and we exploit the uniqueness of this variance as a time-frequency classifier which in turn allows us to localize a finger tap in the context of a human-computer interface. The performance of the proposed algorithm is compared with existing LTM approaches on real surfaces.

Potential application of highly conductive and transparent poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/ poly(4-styrenesulfonate) thin films to touch screen as a replacement for indium tin oxide electrode

The prototype touch screen fabricated using the poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(4-styrenesulfonate)/polycarbonate (PEDOT/PSS/PC) film as a transparent electrode principally works as a touch pad for dragging (writing) a number ‘2’ by a finger.

Sensors for interfacing with consumer electronics

PurposeThe paper aims to describe the sensors used for interfacing with consumer electronic devices.Design/methodology/approachThe paper describes the types of sensors employed in user‐interface devices such as trackballs, mice, touch pads, touch screens and gesture‐based systems. It concludes with a brief consideration of brain‐computer interface technology.FindingsIt is shown that a diverse range of sensors is used to interface with consumer electronics. They are based on optical, electrical, acoustic and solid‐state (MEMS) technologies. In the longer term, many may ultimately be replaced by sensors that interpret thought by detecting brain waves.Originality/valueThe paper provides a timely review of the sensors used to interface with consumer electronics. These constitute a very large and rapidly growing market.

Contact State Estimation by Vision-Based Tactile Sensors for Dexterous Manipulation with Robot Hands Based on Shape-Sensing

We propose a new method for estimating the contact state of objects with varying shapes on a vision-based fluid-type tactile sensor, which touch pad is an elastic transparent membrane of silicon rubber with dotted pattern printed on its inner side. The membrane is filled with translucent red colored water. The proposed method leads to better understanding of the object's shape and movement, and can be applied for accomplishing reliable and dexterous handling tasks by robot hands.

Gestural Interaction with In-Vehicle Audio and Climate Controls

Among the most distractive in-vehicle interactions are audio and climate controls. If these interactions were as easy and spontaneous as natural language, driving could be much safer. Through this research it was found that drivers preferred gestural language to voice language when the control was simple and repetitive; subsequently, gestural interactions with secondary in-vehicle tasks were investigated. Following the principle of “eyes on the road and hands on the wheel”, a steering wheel design with two touch pads on the wheel to recognize gestures was conceived. The physical design of the steering wheel incorporated good ergonomics and anthropometric data, while gesture stereotypes assigned to a number of in-vehicle controls were determined empirically by two experiments. The new steering wheel design does not have any buttons, which may contribute to driver distraction, yet it incorporates 19 functions through natural thumb-gestures. This compares favorably with most current steering wheel designs, which have more than 11 buttons and 13 functions on the average.

仮想タッチパッド : タッチパッドの操作を模したジェスチャマウス(インタフェース,人工現実感)

仮想タッチパッド : タッチパッドの操作を模したジェスチャマウス(インタフェース,人工現実感)

Stretchable touch sensitive keypad

We present a multifunctional and stretchable capacitive sensor capable of accurately detecting large strains, pressure and human touch. The device is prepared as a plate capacitor with stretchable thin gold film electrodes. Using conventional patterning techniques, a 3x3 array of stretchable sensors is prepared and implemented as a largearea 9-node touch pad. The array can operate when worn around the wrist or subjected to large deformations (>10% strain), measure pressure (up to 160kPa) and register touch applied with a finger, a metallic or plastic stylus.

A systematic review of telemonitoring technologies in heart failure

Heart failure (HF) results in characteristic signs and symptoms including oedema and breathing difficulties. Heart failure is particularly suited to telemonitoring, because patients' signs and symptoms can be assessed remotely by healthcare providers, and deterioration can be quickly detected and addressed. In this paper, we review studies conducted in HF telemonitoring, to describe the nature of the modality, the methods, and the results. Articles were obtained through a MedLine search, utilizing the term heart failure in conjunction with the terms telehealth, telecare, telemonitoring, web, Internet, remote monitoring, and self-monitoring. Studies utilizing various modalities, including telephone touch pad, specialized hardware, and websites for participants to enter data were found, with various benefits being reported. Most studies demonstrated improvements in outcome measures, including improved quality of life and decreased hospitalizations. However, not all studies reported the same improvements and in several cases the sample sizes were relatively small. Telemonitoring appears to be an acceptable method for monitoring of HF patients. Controlled, randomized studies directly comparing different modalities and evaluating their success and feasibility when used as part of routine clinical care, are now required.

The New Kids On The Block: Emerging Medical Technologies

THE NEW KIDS ON THE BLOCK: EMERGING MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES THE MOST INNOVATIVE AND EFFECTIVE MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES OF THIS CENTURY. DANIEL MANGELS Emerging from the computer—savvy era of compact touch—pad phones, crystal—clear televi- sion screens, and speedy computers is perhaps one of the more humanitarian applications of technological expertise. In a nation where the leading causes of death are heart disease, cancer and stroke, early and efficient detection of inju- ries and illnesses is crucial for successful treat- ment and recovery (cdc. gov). The advents of nan- otechnology, biotechnology, and medical devices have significantly enhanced the ability of medical professionals to accurately diagnose and treat pa- tients. It is too easy to underestimate the tremen- technologies that have proven to be both practical and effective. Imagine a camera that can travel inside a gas- trointestinal tract and film everything it encoun- ters, including dangerous tumors. In 2001, the FDA approved a new technology called capsule endoscopy, which is used for diagnostic imaging of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Given Imaging became one of the first companies to develop an endoscopic capsule device, appropriately named the PillCam, as a way of detecting Crohn’s dis- ease, Celiac disease, benign and cancerous tu- mors, ulcerative colitis and other diseases of the Imagine a camera that can travel inside a gastrointestinal tract and film everything it encounters, including dangerous tumors. dous assistance that medical technology offers the American healthcare system. Detecting bone injuries and cancers has become a matter of turn- ing on an X—ray machine. The recording of abnor- mal heartbeats and electrical signals would have been flawed by human error had the electrocar- diogram not been incorporated as the standard for patients needing heart monitoring. By the end of 2006, the medical device market was worth $86 billion and employed over 400,000 workers in the bioscience sector. Yet the demand for technology, especially nanotechnology, is projected to grow by more than 17 percent annually, reaching $53 billion in 2011 (The Freedonia Group 2007). The medical community is on the fringe of delving into a new age in which advanced medical tech- nology will make detecting disease easier and treating illness more effective. Topping the list of these cutting—edge medical devices are six new stomach and small intestine. The PillCam requires a patient to fast for 10 hours prior to its use. The vitamin—sized capsule is swallowed and travels throughout the GI tract over an eight—hour time span. A single camera inside the capsule takes two snapshots every second, accumulating about 50,000 pictures by the end of its journey (Bren 2005). The images taken with the camera are sent to wire sensors found on a belt worn around the patient’s waist. The images are compressed into a sequential format that plays like a video and re- veals continuous footage that can be used for di- agnosis by a physician. The PillCam passes out of the GI tract via excretion within 72 hours. PillCam Colon and PillCam Esophagus are also products of Given Imaging that offer a more specific target of imaging. In 2006, a reported 39.5 million peo- ple visited a doctor with symptoms of a digestive disorder. Since its release, approximately 700,000 BERKELEY SCIENTIFICJOURNAL - TECHNOLOGY AND HUMAN INTERACTION ' FALL 2009 ' VOLUME 13 ' ISSUE 1 ' 15