Total Sample Research Articles

Determinants of anti-retroviral consumption adherence in people living with HIV/AIDS in the sub-district of Mejobo, Kudus, Central Java, Indonesia

Introduction: In Indonesia, the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a serious health concern. Since HIV/AIDS patients must adhere to anti-retroviral (ARV) treatment for the rest of their lives, treatment and care must have this as their main objective. Objective: This study was to identify the factors that influence People Living with HIV/ AIDS (PLWHA) to adhere their anti-retroviral (ARV) medication consumption and the determinants of this adherence. Method: This study uses a descriptive analytic design with cross-sectional approach, which provides an overview of adherence factors in taking ARV, such as gender, education, occupation, knowledge, family support, instructional perception, and motivation. This study was taken in Mejobo District, Kudus Regency, and Indonesia. This study's sample was taken using the total sampling technique involving 33 respondents. Result: This study showed that instructional perception is a determining factor in adherence to ARV medication use with OR of 2.746, followed by education (OR 2.24) and education (OR 2.197). Conclusion: The necessity of education on how to consume ARVs is critical, thus medical professionals must be more active in ensuring patient comprehension and motivation so that ARV therapy is sustained.

Kajian Alih Fungsi Lahan Pertanian Menjadi Sektor Pariwisata di Nagari Tarantang Kecamatan Harau Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota

This research aims to determine changes in the conversion of agricultural land into the tourism sector in Nagari Tarantang, Harau District, Limapuluh Kota Regency. This type of research is quantitative descriptive. The subjects in this research were agricultural land owners who converted to tourism in Nagari Tarantang, Harau District, Limapuluh Kota Regency. Data collection techniques in this research were observation, questionnaires and documentation. The sampling technique used a total sampling of 10 agricultural land owners who had converted to tourism in Nagari Tarantang, Harau District, Limapuluh Kota Regency. The results of this research conclude: 1) Agricultural land that was converted into tourism land covering an area of 16.7 Ha, the change in land was caused by several factors, namely economic, cultural, political, environmental and new job opportunities.

Determinants of body fitness in youth Wushu Athlete Saburai Lampung

In addition to having good technique, a wushu athlete who wants to achieve optimal performance must also have a high level of body fitness. One component that can be used to measure fitness is endurance (Endurance). VO2Max is a measure that can be used to assess endurance, which is the body's ability to be able to breathe oxygen optimally during strenuous physical activity. Research results (Zawawi, 2021)in wushu athletes in Kediri city showed that 42.86% of wushu athletes turned out to have (VO2Max) with less category. This study aims to determine the most dominant factors related to the body fitness of Saburai Lampung wushu adolescent athletes. The research design used was cross sectional with a total sample of the population, which was 20 people. Data collection was conducted by means of interviews to determine age, sex, smoking habits, and supplement use, while measurements were used to determine nutritional status, body type, and VO2Max. Bivariate analysis using correlation test Rank Spearman and multivariate analysis using multiple logistic regression tests. The results of this study showed that there were 6 people (30%) wushu athletes who had body fitness with less categories. Then there is a very strong relationship between age and VO2Max (p = 0.007; correlation coefficient = 0.728), there is a strong relationship between nutritional status and VO2Max (p = 0.004; correlation coefficient = 0.655), there is a very strong relationship between smoking and VO2Max (p = 0.009; correlation coefficient = -0.800), and there is a sufficient relationship between body type (somatotype) and VO2Max (p = 0.016; correlation coefficient = 0.480). Sex was not associated with VO2Max (p = 0.160), and supplement use was not associated with VO2Max (p = 0.124). Nutritional status is known to be the most dominant factor associated with VO2Max (p = 0.001; OR = 7.025). To increase VO2Max, Saburai Lampung wushu athletes need to maintain good nutritional status through the consumption of nutritious, diverse, and balanced foods every day.

Perimenopausal Stage: Perception, Benefit and Opinion of Husbands and Wives

Perimenopause or "menopause transition": Can begin eight to 10 years before menopause, when the ovaries gradually produce less estrogen. Females are not expected to discuss about this topic as it is considered taboo in society. The current study is based on the perception of husband’s (47-58 years) and wives (40-55 years) regarding perimenopausal stage, regarding perimenopause, signs and symptoms, challenges or difficulties, benefits, experiences and treatments. Aims of the study were: [1] To ascertain perception of Husband’s (47-58 years) and Wives (40-55 years) regarding: a) meaning b) physical symptoms c) discussion among couples. [2] To identify benefits of perimenopausal stage as observed by Husband’s (47-58 years) and Wives (40-55 years): a) finding sex more physically comfortable. b) feeling relief about not being pregnant and not taking contraceptives c) seeking medical treatment d) remedies for reducing the symptoms. [3] To develop or design a brochure/pamphlet for better understanding and knowledge regarding perimenopausal stage. Research design was exploratory and snowball sampling was implemented with a total sample of 200 participants (100 Husbands and 100 Wives) using a self-constructed tool (5 open and 15 closed ended items). Results revealed, (61%) discuss the changes faced during perimenopausal stage with their spouse while (39%) do not discuss. (42%) Neither agree nor disagree while (3%) Strongly agree finding sex more physically comfortable after perimenopause.

Efficacy and safety of compound kushen injection for treating advanced colorectal cancer: A protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

IntroductionCompound Kushen Injection (CKI) is a traditional Chinese medicine extracted from Sophora flavescens Aiton and Heterosmilax japonica Kunth. Widely utilized in China for the comprehensive treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC), this study aims to systematically assess the efficacy and safety of CKI when combined with chemotherapy for the treatment of advanced CRC, based on available data. MethodsRandomized controlled trials investigating the efficacy and safety of CKI combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced CRC will be comprehensively searched from databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Scientific Journal Database, Wanfang, Chinese Biomedicine Database Searches, Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, and ClinicalTrials.gov until November 2022. Two independent reviewers will screen the studies, assess the risk of bias, and extract data in duplicate. The ROB2 tool will be employed to assess the quality of included studies. Stata 16 will be used for data analysis, and publication bias will be assessed using funnel plots and Egger's test. The quality of evidence will be evaluated according to GRADE, and trial sequence analysis (TSA) will be utilized to calculate the final total sample size required for the meta-analysis. The results of this systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. The proposed review protocol has been registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; CRD42022380106). DiscussionThis systematic review will integrate current evidence on CKI in advanced CRC and analyze the clinical efficacy and safety of CKI combined with different chemotherapy regimens, providing valuable guidance on the use of CKI in CRC patients.

Understanding the Relationship between Mental Workload and Stress in Special Education Teachers

Children with Special Needs (CSN) have the right to receive inclusive education with teachers as an important factor and the center of the entire education structure. The results of data collection through Focused Group Discussion with Special Education Teachers (SET) in Pangandaran Regency on 27th October 2022, showed that SET sometimes feel anxious about the behaviors shown by CSN at school, such as eating and drinking indiscriminately from items around them that can threaten children's health. And also feel burdened by the hopes of parents who want their child to recover completely after attending special school. Objective: The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between mental workload and the level of stress of SLTs in Pangandaran Regency. Method: The method in this study is descriptive correlational with a cross-sectional approach. Primary data were collected using the NASA-TLX questionnaire and the SET Stress Level Questionnaire. There were 82 teachers as respondents using a total sampling technique. Result: Data was collected online through a questionnaire distributed to all special education teachers in Pangandaran Regency. The data was processed statistically using the Spearman Rank test which showed a significance of 0.011 (P value <0.05) with a correlation coefficient value of 0.280 which indicated that the strength of the correlation was sufficient (moderate) with a positive correlation direction. Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between mental workload and the stress level of special school teachers in Pangandaran Regency.

ASSESSING IRON DEFICIENCY AS RISK FACTOR FOR FEBRILE SEIZURES IN CHILDREN BETWEEN SIX MONTHS AND FIVE YEARS OF AGE

This case-control study was conducted from September 2023 to December 2023 at the Department of Pediatrics in Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi. The study aimed to determine the relationship between iron deficiency and the development of febrile seizures in children. A total of 150 patients aged between 1 and 6 years, with a history of febrile seizures and currently suffering from pyrexia, were included in the study. Children with a history of recent febrile seizures, structural/organic brain lesions, congenital metabolic/chromosomal anomalies, non-febrile seizures, delayed milestones, or those who were on medications that altered serum iron levels within the past six months were excluded. All participants were assessed for serum iron, ferritin, total iron binding capacity, magnesium, zinc, and calcium at enrollment. Patients were observed for the development of febrile seizures until they were afebrile for twenty-four continuous hours. Of the total sample, the mean age was 3.41 ± 1.51 years, and 83 (55.3%) were male. Patients with a transferrin saturation below 6.5% had a higher adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 3.96 (CI 95% 1.29 – 12.18, p=0.016) for developing febrile seizures during a pyrexial illness. Similarly, patients with hypozincaemia, defined as a serum zinc level <65 μg/dL, had an aOR of 2.54 (CI 95% 1.13 – 5.67, p=0.023). The study concluded that low serum levels of iron were associated with a higher risk of developing febrile seizures in pyrexial children with a history of the disorder.

Medical Students’ Reflection on Interprofesional Education with Nursing Students

Interprofessional education (IPE) is expected to help future health professionals prepare for collaborative roles between doctors and nurses. Therefore, IPE learning needs to be provided in the learning process of medical and nursing students. Objective: he purpose of this study was to see the effectiveness of IPE learning in medical students. The method used was qualitative content analysis method on self-reflection documents. Method: The population in this study were first-year medical students who participated in IPE learning, using total sampling of 157 respondents. Data were analyzed by qualitative content analysis method on self-reflection documents done by students. Results: The results obtained were three themes namely positive experiences, negative experiences and learning outcomes. Conclusions: IPE learning can encourage the development of relationships between students and the profession of doctors and nurses.

The Influence Of Big Five Personality On Customer Satisfaction With Interpersonal Relationship Quality As A Mediating Variable Among Cooperative Facilitators In The West Kalimantan Province

The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of Big Five Personality traits on customer satisfaction, with the quality of interpersonal relationships serving as a mediating variable among cooperative facilitators in West Kalimantan Province. This quantitative study utilized questionnaires for data collection and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Smart PLS software for data analysis. It involved 41 cooperative assistants and 41 targeted cooperatives in West Kalimantan. Employing total sampling, the study aimed to analyze the impact of the Big Five Personality traits on customer satisfaction, with interpersonal relationship quality as a mediating variable among cooperative assistants in West Kalimantan.
 
 This study discovered that the quality of interpersonal relationships has a significant positive correlation with customer satisfaction, with personality dimensions such as Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness contributing positively. Although Openness to Experiences and Neuroticism did not demonstrate statistically significant relationships, this research underscores the importance of understanding the role of interpersonal relationship quality in the context of personality traits to enhance customer satisfaction. This study has significant limitations, including a sample size confined to cooperative assistants in West Kalimantan, reliance on quantitative methods with questionnaires, and the use of Smart PLS statistical software in SEM analysis. Other limitations encompass the potential influence of external factors not captured in the study and constraints in generalizing the results to other contexts. The research outcomes have tangible implications for business. Decision-makers can utilize these insights to enhance strategies and training initiatives, ultimately fostering positive customer experiences. This study examines the Big Five Personality traits. Consumer satisfaction is determined by the extent to which the benefits of a product or service align with consumer expectations. Interpersonal relationship quality mediates the relationship between Big Five Personality traits and consumer satisfaction.

Identifying diabetes risks among Indonesians: A cross-sectional study in a community setting.

There is an upward surge in diabetes patients worldwide, including in Indonesia, annually. Diabetes can lead to new diseases that burden patients' lives further. Nurses can reduce this problem by identifying people at risk of developing diabetes and educating them on how to prevent diabetes. The study aimed to determine the risk of diabetes in the Indonesian population. The descriptive research involved a sample of 1216 Indonesians living in North Sumatra Province. Participants were nondiabetic individuals selected using the convenience method from May to October 2020. This study utilized the Indonesian version of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) tool and employed various statistical analyses, including frequencies, percentages, chi-square test, and Fisher's exact test. Of the total samples, 372 were males (30.6%), and 844 were females (69.4%). The risk of developing diabetes was classified as low (57.1%), slightly elevated (36.4%), moderate (5.3%), high (1.0%), and very high (0.2%). Only one of the eight risk factors that differed significantly between men and women was a history of elevated blood glucose levels, with a p-value of 0.02. The study identified a portrait of the number and percentage of diabetes risk factors in a community setting in Indonesia. Nurses must provide education on diabetes prevention to not only members of the local community at the research site but also the general public, nationally and globally.

DINAMIKA PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN DENGAN VIDEO ANIMASI TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN PEMELIHARAAN ORGAN REPRODUKSI DAN PENCEGAHAN SEX ABUSE PADA ANAK USIA SEKOLAH

Knowledge of maintaining reproductive organs and preventing sex abuse in school-age children has a very important role in helping their knowledge about maintaining their reproductive health and preventing sexual crimes. Experimental with pre-test and post-test using animated videos. The sampling technique used was total sampling (32 respondents) class VIII-H at SMPN 9 Gresik. Data were collected using a knowledge questionnaire on maintaining reproductive organs and preventing sex abuse. Average knowledge before being given health education (52.02) and after being given health education (75.91). The average understanding of preventing sex abuse before being given health education (70.31) and after being given health education (82.50). The results of the paired t-test showed the influence of health education (animated videos) on knowledge of reproductive organ maintenance and preventing sex abuse at school age (pvalue 0.000). There is an influence of animated videos on knowledge of maintaining reproductive organs and preventing sex abuse in school-aged children at SMPN 9 Gresik.

THE EFFECT OF PROJECT MANAGER COMPETENCE ON THE ACHIEVEMENT OF CONSTRUCTION PROJECT PERFORMANCE

The development of the construction services sector in Indonesia continues to experience rapid growth, encouraging construction industry players to have quality human resources. This research aims to identify project manager competency factors on construction projects in Banda Aceh City, analyse the relationship between these and project performance achievements, and evaluate their influence on construction project performance achievements in Banda Aceh City. The object of this research is the competency factors of project managers that influence construction project performance. This research was conducted at contractor companies domiciled in the Banda Aceh City area. The data sources used in this research are primary data and secondary data. The population of contractors at small, medium and large qualification levels is 71 contractors. The total sample was 42 contractors. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The variables used in this research include the independent variable (X) and the dependent variable (Y). The data analysis used in this research is descriptive, simple correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. The research results show that knowledge, skills, and attitudes have a solid relationship. In contrast, management has a high relationship with project performance achievement. Overall, the project manager's competency factor significantly affects project performance, reaching 94.9%. Management is the most dominant competency factor influencing the achievement of project performance in Banda Aceh City. Thus, increasing the competence of project managers, especially in management, is expected to improve the quality of construction project implementation in the region.

GRIT AKADEMIK MAHASISWA: (DEFERENSIASI GENDER PADA PEMBELAJARAN ONLINE STATISTIKA DI ERA REVOLUSI INDUSTRI 4.0)

This research aims to determine differences in students' academic grit in online statistics courses based on gender. This research was conducted in 2021 on odd semester Islamic Psychology Study Program students. The population is students who have taken statistics and advanced statistics courses in even and odd semesters, totaling 60 students. The sampling technique used is a total sample, where all members of the population are used as sample members. Data was collected using an academic grit measuring tool in which there are 12 statement items. Data were analyzed using an independent difference test (independent t-test). The results of this research are that there are differences in students' academic grit during online statistics lectures based on gender. The research proportion value obtained was 0.006, where this value was smaller than the research significance value (0.05). This difference is a separate note as an effort to relate it to competence in the era of industrial revolution 4.0. Statistical skills are one of the skills that must be possessed in the era of industrial revolution 4.0. This is because with the existence of "Big Data", skills are needed in how to collect data, process data, compile data, present data, and analyze data well so as to produce correct conclusions on the data. In the future, statistics learning needs to be strengthened from a practical perspective so that students are skilled in managing "Big Data".

Evaluation of the Use Off Label Drugs At the Obstetrics and Gynecology Polyclinic at Bandung Private General Hospital

Off label drugs are drugs outside the indications listed on the label or outside the approval by the authorized institution. This research is a non-experimental type of research that is presented in a quantitative descriptive manner with retrospective data collection. The research sample is the same as the population (total sampling), namely all prescriptions containing off label drugs from an obstetrics and gynecology polyclinic at a private public hospital in Bandung district from May to August 2021. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the use of off label drugs in the indication category based on age, domicile, the type and use of off label drugs. The data obtained from this study were 154 drug users. off label, based on the age range of adolescents 27 (18%), adults 111 (72%), middle 16 (10%), while based on domicile most of the patients came from Baleendah sub-district 37 (24%). The types of drugs used were Mefenamic Acid 38%, Dexamethasone 3%, Metformin 12%, Misoprostol 23%, Nifedipine 8% and Ondansetron 16%. Patients using off label drugs are more common in adults with the drug used is mefenamic acid.

Nicotine-related interpretation biases in cigarette smoking individuals.

Addictive behaviors are characterized by information processing biases, including substance-related interpretation biases. In the field of cigarette smoking, such biases have not been investigated yet. The present study thus adopted an open-ended scenario approach to measure smoking-related interpretation biases. Individuals who smoke, those who ceased smoking, and those without a smoking history (total sample N = 177) were instructed to generate spontaneous continuations for ambiguous, open-ended scenarios that described either a smoking-related or neutral context. Overall, people who smoke generated more smoking-related continuations in response to smoking-relevant situations than non-smoking individuals or people who had stopped smoking, providing evidence for a smoking-related interpretation bias. When differentiating for situation type within smoking-relevant scenarios, smoking individuals produced more smoking-related continuations for positive/social and habit/addictive situations compared to negative/affective ones. Additionally, the tendency to interpret habit/addictive situations in a smoking-related manner was positively associated with cigarette consumption and levels of nicotine dependence. Exploratory analyses indicated that other substance-related continuations were correlated with their respective behavioral counterparts (e.g., the level of self-reported alcohol or caffeine consumption). The present study is the first to demonstrate smoking-related interpretation biases in relation to current cigarette smoking. Future studies should investigate the causal role of such biases in the initiation and/or maintainance of nicotine addiction and the merit of Interpretation-Bias-Modification training to support smoking cessation.

The Influence of Accounting Information System on Financial Performance of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Kangar, Perlis

Accounting Information Systems (AIS) play a pivotal role in shaping the financial performance of companies in Malaysia, with particular significance for Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs). However, the intricate nature of AIS presents formidable challenges and barriers for SMEs, necessitating a thorough examination of its impact on their operational efficiency and financial outcomes. This study aims to elucidate the nexus between AIS and SMEs' financial performance by focusing on three crucial variables: timeliness, transparency, and accuracy. The study employed questionnaire surveys, with a total sample size of 357 respondents drawn from a population of 4,735 SMEs in Kangar, Perlis. Utilising SPSS Statistics Software, the collected data underwent rigorous analysis, including correlation and multi-regression analyses. The results underscored a highly significant impact of timeliness, transparency, and accuracy of AIS on SMEs' financial performance. These findings offer invaluable insights into the pivotal role of AIS in augmenting SMEs' financial performance, highlighting avenues for optimising their accounting systems. By shedding light on the intricate dynamics between AIS and SMEs' financial outcomes, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underpinning effective financial management in the SME sector. Moreover, it provides actionable recommendations for SMEs to leverage AIS effectively, thereby enhancing their competitiveness and sustainability in the dynamic business landscape of Malaysia.

The effect of GnRH analog treatment on BMI in children treated for precocious puberty: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The purpose of the present meta-analysis was to systematically evaluate the effect of GnRHa treatment on the BMI of children with precocious puberty after GnRHa treatment as compared to before, and to analyze the effect of GnRHa treatment on the body composition of children with precocious puberty at different BMIs by classifying into normal body mass, overweight, and obese groups according to BMI at the time of initial diagnosis. A meta-analysis was performed using Stata 12.0 software by searching PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP database), and Wan fang database for relevant literature on standard deviation score of body mass index (BMI-SDS) after GnRHa treatment as compared to before in children with precocious puberty. A total of eight studies were included with a total sample size of 715 cases, and the results of meta-analysis showed that BMI-SDS increased in children with precocious puberty after GnRHa treatment as compared to before starting [(weighted mean difference (WMD)=0.23, 95 % CI: 0.14-0.33, p=0.000)] and also increased in children with normal body mass [(WMD=0.37, 95 % CI: 0.28-0.46, p=0.000)], and there was no significant change in BMI-SDS in children in the overweight or obese group [(WMD=0.01, 95 % CI:-0.08-0.10, p=0.775)]. Overall, there was an observed increase in BMI-SDS at the conclusion of GnRHa treatment in children with precocious puberty. Additionally, it was found that the effect of GnRHa treatment on body composition varied among children with different BMI status. Clinicians should emphasize the promotion of a healthy lifestyle and personalized dietary managementfor children.

Golden Swords of the Early Nomads of Eurasia: A New Classification and Chronology

The “ceremonial” forms of swords and daggers—that is, bladed weapons decorated with precious metals—occupy a special place in the culture of the early nomads. For the Scythian period, we know at least 76 ceremonial objects from 61 sites, corresponding to 3.5% of the total sample. More than half of the finds come from the northern Black Sea region (mainly Ukraine). Ceremonial forms are represented in all morphological categories (from daggers to extra-long swords), but their distribution is slightly different. Most akinakai belong to the average and long swords. Most Scythian akinakai in Eurasia belong to the dagger and short sword groups. Although most Scythian swords and daggers fall into the Middle Scythian period, most ceremonial forms belong to the last phase of Classical Scythian culture. This period is a veritable “golden autumn” of Scythia with its huge royal burial mounds and abundance of gold, perfectly illustrating our argument that conspicuous consumption coincides with periods of political and social instability. After the peak of the proliferation of ceremonial akinakai in the third quarter of the 4th century BC, we observe a generation later the complete disappearance of Classical Scythian culture, along with its characteristic weapons, horse harnesses, and animal style.

COVID-19-related dysfunctional anxiety and associated factors among adolescents in Southwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundCOVID-19 pandemic causes serious threats to people’s mental health, particularly it has huge negative mental health outcomes for adolescents. However, there is lack of studies examining COVID-19-related anxiety among adolescents in Ethiopia. Hence, this study was aimed to examine COVID-19-related dysfunctional anxiety and its associated factors among adolescents in Mettu town.MethodsCommunity-based cross-sectional study was conducted from September 1 to 30, 2020 among 847 adolescents selected by stratified sampling technique. IBM SPSS Statistics Version 26.0 was used for analysis. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation were computed. Bivariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analyses were done to identify factors associated with COVID-19-related dysfunctional anxiety. The statistical significance was declared at p ≤ 0.05; and the strength of association was described in terms of adjusted odds ratio.ResultsOut of the total sample, 819 adolescents participated in this study. The mean age of the participants was 14.9 (SD = 2.798) years. The magnitude of COVID-19-related dysfunctional anxiety was found to be 20.9% (95% CI (18.1, 23.9)). The finding indicates that sex [(AOR (95% CI)); (0.724 (0.502, 1.043))], having both parents deceased [(AOR (95% CI)); (2.981 (1.138, 7.814))], living alone [(AOR (95% CI)); (2.363 (1.050, 5.321))], having unemployed mothers [(AOR (95% CI)); (1.943 (1.194, 3.163))], absence of close friend [(AOR (95% CI)); (0.377 (0.225, 0.630))], and medical problem [(AOR (95% CI)); (0.408 (0.278, 0.597))] were significantly associated with COVID-19-related anxiety.ConclusionThe magnitude of COVID-19-related dysfunctional anxiety was found to be high in the study area. The findings have shown that the likelihood of developing COVID-19-related dysfunctional anxiety was linked to several factors. Provision of continued psychological support for adolescents is extremely encouraged.

Rotational Load Fatigue Performance of an Implant System with an Internal Conical Connection and Microthreads.

This in vitro study investigated the effect of implant geometry and diameter on the rotational load fatigue performance of an implant system with an internal conical connection with microthreads. Regular (4.2 mm) and wide-diameter (4.8 mm) Astra Tech EV implants with straight (S) and conical (C) geometries were tested with their corresponding titanium abutments, comprising four test groups: 4.2-mm S (Group 1), 4.2-mm C (Group 2), 4.8-mm S (Group 3), and 4.8-mm C (Group 4). Five samples were included in each group. Customized brass implant holders and abutment holders were machined. A rotational load fatigue machine was used to apply a sinusoidally varying load to the implant-abutment interface at an angle of 45 degrees to produce an effective bending moment of 35 Ncm at a frequency of 14 Hz (air temperature: 20°C). The number of cycles to failure was recorded, with the upper limit set at 5 × 106 cycles. Results were analyzed using ANOVA. Failed samples were examined with a scanning electron microscope to evaluate the mode of failure. Of the 20 total samples, 2 failed, with Groups 1 and 2 each reporting one failure. Abutment and abutment screw fracture were observed in the failed sample in Group 1, while implant and abutment screw fracture occurred in the failed sample in Group 2. All wide-diameter implants ran beyond the cut-off without failure, but abutment screw loosening was noted in one sample in Group 3. No significant difference was found between implant groups of different geometries and diameters. Damage to the abutments and the implant internal surface were noted in all failed samples. While no significant differences were found between the test groups, failures were observed only in the regular-diameter group. The abutment and abutment screw fractured deep within the implant, and the implant fractured below the simulated bone level. These modes of failure may pose a significant clinical challenge during retrieval of these components.