Total Sample Research Articles

Early maladaptive schemas as a risk factor for fibromyalgia: A case-control study.

There is evidence supporting the relationship between early stress and childhood trauma and the development of fibromyalgia (FM). Early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) are considered a consequence of early stress. Previous research has shown their role in maintaining stress responses and their relevance in other populations with pain. The main aim of this study has been to analyze the presence of EMSs in patients with FM compared to healthy adult women. In addition, the relationship between the strength of EMSs and pain intensity was tested. The total sample consisted of 167 women: 83 patients with FM and 84 healthy controls. Chi-square analyses showed that the percentage of participants with clinically significant scores is higher for patients with FM in 11 of the 18 EMSs evaluated. Moreover, discriminant analyses revealed that these EMS are useful to discriminate between FM and healthy controls, classifying 74.2% of original cases. In relation to the second aim, the mean pain intensity correlated with the strength of several EMSs: approval seeking, unrelenting standards, insufficient self-control, and mistrust/abuse. The current study highlights that a high rate of patients with FM have clinically significant EMSs compared to healthy matched controls, as has been found in other populations with pain. Besides, this study provides initial evidence that EMSs are positively associated with the pain experienced by patients with FM, suggesting the existence of a possible association between early stress and pain. Therefore, taking EMSs into account could be of great relevance to clinicians. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Treponema Pallidum rapid syphilis compared diagnostic algorithm syphilis in men who have sex with men (MSM).

Syphilis infection can be asymptomatic and difficult to diagnose based on clinical symptoms. Early detection and treatment are critical for preventing and controlling syphilis as well as long-term serious complications. A serological examination based on the diagnostic algorithm was used to confirm the diagnosis of syphilis. Syphilis is frequent in high-risk groups, such as men who have sex with men (MSM). Treponema pallidum (TP) rapid can be used for early syphilis detection. The diagnostic value of TP rapid with diagnostic algorithm (RPR-TPHA) utilizing whole blood in MSM should be studied. To determine the diagnostic value of TP rapid syphilis test compared to a diagnostic algorithm (RPR-TPHA) among MSM. A diagnostic test with a cross-sectional design at Dr Mohammad Hoesin Palembang General Hospital from November 2022 to January 2023. The sampling method was consecutive sampling with a total sample of 83 MSM based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. All samples were tested for RPR, TPHA, and TP rapid. The diagnostic value of TP rapid was evaluated with RPR-TPHA as a diagnostic algorithm for syphilis. The sensitivity and specificity value of the TP rapid compare diagnostic algorithm as gold standard were 95.8% and 96.6% respectively. Other metrics: positive predictive value (PPV) 92%, negative predictive value (NPV) 98%, positive likelihood ratio (PLR) 28.27, negative likelihood ratio (NLR) 0.04, accuracy 96% and AUC 0.962. The TP rapid test has a high diagnostic value and can be used to establish an early diagnosis of syphilis in MSM.

Supportive psychotherapeutic intervention and video directing observed therapy to increase family adherence

To determine the effect of supportive psychotherapy and video-directing observed therapy interventions on family compliance in assisting patients with mental disorders in the working area of the Kabila Health Center, Bone Bolango District, Gorontalo City. Research design quasi-experimental design with a one group pre- and post-test design, where the variables to be measured are family adherence in providing treatment assistance, which are included in the dependent variable. The independent variables in this study were supportive psychotherapy and video-directed observation therapy. The sampling technique used was a total sampling technique with a sample size of 39 respondents. Data analysis was performed using univariate analysis, namely descriptive analysis (frequency, percentage, median, minimum value, and maximum value) and bivariate analysis (Wilcoxon test), with a significance level of <0.05, which was performed using SPSS version 25 software. Supportive psychotherapy and video-directing observed therapy increased family compliance accompanying the treatment of patients with mental disorders (p-value of x1=0.020, x2=0.000, p<0.05). Supportive psychotherapy interventions and video-directed observed therapy have been proven to increase family compliance in treatment assistance, which can improve the quality of life of patients with mental disorders.

Activity Card Sort’s existence and execute in various languages and versions: A scoping review

Background: Activity Card Sort (ACS) measures patient activity participation, especially in older adults. It was developed to evaluate instrumental, social, and leisure activities of low and high demand in various populations. Transferring an ACS tool between diverse settings is challenging due to significant socio-economic, linguistic, and environmental impacts. Hence, to tailor ACS tools to a specific society’s socio-cultural context, comprehension of the accessible validated ACS tools and their psychometric attributes is essential. Objective: This scoping review was conducted to explore the availability of the ACS tool and to summarize the psychometric properties, such as the reliability and validity, of different languages and versions of ACS available worldwide. Materials and methods: A search was performed in PubMed, PsycNET, Cochrane, and Embase. Two independent reviewers conducted the screening process and extracted the data. The total sample included 370 articles, of which 26 studies met the inclusion criteria, providing information on psychometric properties. English and non-English versions (Arabic, Dutch, and Spanish) in different populations were included. Results: Among the 26 studies in this review, most ACS studies used the English version (62.5%). All the reported studies revealed “good” internal consistency, in which the Cronbach’s alpha (α) ranges between 0.61 and 0.91. Test-retest reliability was measured using ICC values ranging from 0.78 to 0.98 for numeric data and Kappa statistics for binary data. Two studies used Kappa statistics to test the reliability, which ranged from 0.48 to 0.85 for all domains, indicating moderate to good reliability. Measures of content validation, face validity, concurrent, convergent, and discriminative validity were also reported. Conclusion: Good psychometric properties were reported. No study is available on the Indian population using the ACS tool. Hence, developing and validating an ACS tool for the Tamil Nadu population is needed.

Association of asthma risk factors and the prevalence of the disease in a population of Brazil.

The objective of our study was to evaluate the association between the previously described asthma risk factors and the prevalence of asthma in a population of Brazilian adults. A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted using data collected from 7891 patients. All patients in the database > 18 years of age were included. The following variables were collected from the health plan database: age, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol consumption, sedentary lifestyle, heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, and asthma diagnosis. The frequency of the collected variables was compared between patients with or without an asthma diagnosis, and logistic regression was performed. Of our total sample (7891 patients), 150 (1.9%) had asthma. The mean age of patients with asthma was 39.4 years. 1.4% of normal weight patients had the diagnosis of asthma, while 2.4% of overweight and 2.2% of obese patients had the diagnosis. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that a sedentary lifestyle and overweight and obesity were independently associated with asthma prevalence Odds Ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval): (1.61 (1.16-2.22) and 1.25 (1.03-1.52) respectively). Our data provide evidence that some clinical characteristics, such as sedentarism, overweight, and obesity, may be related to the prevalence of asthma in an adult population in southeastern Brazil. Such factors could be modified and better understood through multidisciplinary research and health programs that evaluate the risk factors for asthma in large populations.

Self-Supervised Simple Siamese Framework for Fault Diagnosis of Rotating Machinery With Unlabeled Samples.

Fault diagnosis is vital to ensuring the security of rotating machinery operations. While fault data obtained from mechanical equipment for this issue are often insufficient and of no labels. In this case, supervised algorithms cannot come into play. Hence, this article proposes a self-supervised simple Siamese framework (SSF) for bearing fault diagnosis based on the contrastive learning algorithm SimSiam which uses a simplified Siamese network to find the distinguishable features of different fault categories. SSF consists of a weight-sharing encoder applied on two inputs, a nonlinear predictor and a linear classifier. SSF learns invariant characteristics of fault samples via maximizing the similarity between two views of each inputted sample. Several data augmentation (DA) methods for vibration signals, which provide different sample views for the model, are also studied, for it is crucial for contrastive learning. After fine-tuning the learned encoder and a linear layer classifier with a small subset of labeled data (1%-5% of the total samples), the network achieves satisfactory performance for bearing fault diagnosis. A series of experiments based on the data from three different scenarios are used to verify the proposed methods, getting 100%, 99.38%, and 98.87% accuracy separately.

The search for DA double white dwarf binary candidates from SDSS DR14

Aims. Double white dwarf (DWD) binaries are one of the channels through which type Ia supernovae explosions occur. With the release of more and more sky survey data, the search for additional DWDs has become a possibility. We utilized the spectroscopic data from SDSS DR14 to search for DWD binaries based on variations in radial velocities (RVs). Methods. We obtained a sample of 4089 DA white dwarfs (WDs) with two or more spectra from SDSS DR14, and their RVs were derived using the cross-correlation function. Using the chi-squared (χ2) distribution of RVs as a base, we calculated the corresponding logarithmic probabilities (log p) for different degrees of freedom. Results. We selected the targets with log p < −3.0 and obtained 65 highly credible DWD candidates, of which 56 were newly discovered. We compared the distributions of the Teff, log g, and mass of the DWD candidates and found that the mass distribution of DWDs has two peaks. The primary peak, located at 0.45 M⊙, is lower than the peak of the total WD sample, while the secondary peak, located at 0.60 M⊙, is similar to the peak of the total sample. Finally, we crossmatched our sample with Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) photometry data and identified two targets with clear periodic variability. Based on the shape of their light curve, we think both could be white dwarf main-sequence binary stars

Estimation of Cronbach reliability based on sample size, gender, and the grades

<span lang="EN-US">The study tries to see the effect of different sample sizes on the reliability of creativity tests using Cronbach’s alpha. In addition, the background of the sample (gender and grade) is also detected. The study has a practical significance for designing a sample for estimating reliability using Cronbach alpha. The secondary data are used for analysis. The sample of creativity test is determined purposively, that is, has been administered to 1,960 students. The α-coefficient calculation uses the SPSS program. The result proves in the total sample, the creativity test is reliable (α=0.852). In small sample sizes, the α-coefficients values vary greatly in the different test groups. In the larger sample size, the α-coefficients are closer to constant in the different test groups. For a polytomous scale test with a length of 20 items, the α-coefficients obtained close to constant on the sample size of more than 80 testees. This result indicates for the optimum result the sample size is at least four times larger than the number of test items in reliability analysis, especially Cronbach alpha. Based on the gender aspect, descriptively the α-coefficient in the male group (0.846) was almost equal to the female group (0.851). By grouping the testees based on the grades, there are slight differences in α-coefficients in class IV (0.850), class V (0.841), and class VI (0.809). Regarding the results of this study, in the reliability estimation of test development, it is suggested to consider the adequacy and the characteristic of samples.</span>

Analysis of the Indonesian Version of the Statistical Anxiety Scale (SAS) Instrument with a Psychometric Approach

This study aims to validate the psychometric approach (using the RASCH Model and Confirmatory Factor Analysis) on the Indonesian version of the Statistical Anxiety Scale (SAS) instrument. Sampling in this study used cluster random sampling with a total sample of 1651 which was divided into 3 regions of Indonesia (Western Indonesia, Central Indonesia and Eastern Indonesia) with details of 457 males (27.46%) and 1194 females (72.54%). The number of samples from the West Indonesia region was 922 people (55.71%), the Central Indonesia region was 605 people (36.76%), and the Eastern Indonesia region was 124 people (7.53%). The results of the factor analysis (CFA) show that the dimensions/elements of the SAS instrument meet the criteria which are then continued using the Rating Scale Model (RSM) approach. From the results of the tests performed, it shows that all items on the Statistical Anxiety Scale (SAS) instrument meet the specified criteria. Thus, the SAS instrument adopted in the Indonesian context can be used to measure students' statistical anxiety. The results of the research conducted became the initial capital to increase students' statistical anxiety considering that statistics courses are needed in completing studies, especially quantitative research.

The Effect of Innovation on the Performance of SMEs in Zimbabwe: A Case Study of Manufacturing Companies in Harare

Technological Innovation has become an indispensable tool for organizations to gain competitive advantage, increase performance, venture into new markets and survive in such a competitive atmosphere. A plethora of research has found that technological innovation is a critical factor that improves organizational performance. The study focused on investigating the effects of technological innovation on the performance of SMEs in the manufacturing industry. The study objectives were to establish the factors that influence technological innovativeness among manufacturing SMEs in Zimbabwe, determine the effect of product innovation on the performance of manufacturing SMEs, to ascertain the effect of process innovation on the performance of manufacturing SMEs in Zimbabwe and to establish the challenges faced by SMEs in the manufacturing sector adopting technological innovation in Zimbabwe. A quantitative research approach was adopted. The researcher used simple random sampling in this study and every member in the sample size has an equal opportunity to be selected. A total sample size of 66 respondents was selected randomly. A structured questionnaire was distributed to respondents and the response rate was approximately 76%. Data was processed on excel which was later uploaded on the SPSS and SmartPLS version 3.2.1 softwares. Cronbach Alpha of 0.886 was obtained and this indicated the strong reliability and validity of the study results. Composite and Average variance extracted was also used to assessed the validity of the study. It was discovered that experienced human capital, leadership, access to funding, competition, and organisation mission and culture are important in influencing innovation in SMEs. In addition, the study revealed that product and process innovation had an impact on manufacturing SMEs’ organizational performance that was statistically significant. It emerged that product and process innovation improves a number of financial performance indicators for a business, including sales growth, market expansion, rising customer happiness, and rising profit margins. Therefore, in line with the findings, the study recommends that the government must develop and implement a wide range of innovation policies that encourage best practices and support company growth and should support the creation and ongoing operation of innovative businesses through partnerships. Future studies should expand the study’s scope and sample size and other factors related to product and process innovations. In addition, future research has to take into account the creation of national and regional government policies that encourage innovation among SMEs.

An Approach to the Performance of Passport Services through Workload and Work Environment: Study at the Wonosobo Immigration Office

This study aims to identify the effect of workload and work environment on the performance of passport issuance services at the Wonosobo Immigration Office. Workload is defined as a series of tasks that must be carried out by a work unit within an organization or by an individual who serves in a position within a certain period of time. Meanwhile, the work environment is defined as a place where a worker completes his duties in accordance with the goals to be achieved. There is a mismatch in the number of human resources in passport services compared to the high level of passport applications. The research method used in this research is quantitative method. Data collection was carried out through observation and distribution of questionnaires. Sampling using total sampling techniques, and data analysis was carried out using a Likert scale. The data analysis technique applied in this study is using multiple linear regression data analysis techniques. The results of data collection show the significance of workload of 0.32 and work environment of 0.21 greater than 0.05, which means that there is an influence of workload and work environment on employee performance in passport services. This study recommends increasing the number of human resources and improving the work environment to improve the performance of passport issuance services.

Exploring the Constraints in Establishment of University-Industry Collaboration in Punjab

Universities and industry are in need of cooperation and communication with each other for the social and economic development of the country. The purpose of this study was to explore the constraints in the establishment of university and industry collaboration in Pakistan, specifically in Punjab Province. This study also provides some suggestions to strengthen this linkage. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used to explore the University-Industry (U-I) collaboration constraints and strengthening mechanisms. The total sample of the study for the quantitative part has consisted of 1070 faculty members of the universities of the Punjab province. Qualitative part of study consisted of 11 ORICs member and 12 industrialists. Data were analysed by using descriptive statistics for quantitative data and thematic analysis for qualitative data. The findings of studies shows that various constraints identified in establishment of linkage between university and industry, including paucity of infrastructure, low motivation, trust deficit, lack of interest and missing policy regarding linkage. It has recommended that to strengthen this connection, it is necessary to provide research and development funds from the government and cooperation agencies, and industry co-funding will be encouraging.

Social isolation and cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia: A two years follow-up study

Cognitive impairment is a core characteristic of schizophrenia. Social isolation has been linked to impaired cognitive function among the general population. In this longitudinal study, we examined the association between social isolation and cognitive function among inpatients with schizophrenia. Two waves of data (2019 and 2021) were collected from chronic psychiatric wards. A total of 166 inpatients completed all measurements at baseline and follow-up. Social isolation was measured by incorporating the frequency of social contact and participation, while cognitive functions were assessed by the Taiwan version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-T). We used multiple linear regression to evaluate the link between baseline social isolation and cognitive function. For the total sample, social isolation was significantly related to poor language abilities (β = −0.17, p = 0.013) and delayed recall (β = −0.15, p = 0.023). Sex-stratified analysis showed that social isolation was significantly related to poor global cognitive function (β = −0.14, p = 0.021) and domain-specific cognitive functions including language abilities (β = −0.26, p = 0.003) and delayed recall (β = −0.19, p = 0.045) in male inpatients. No significant association was found between social isolation and global cognitive function or any cognitive domain (all ps > 0.05) for females. All associations were independent of loneliness and other covariates. These findings suggested that social isolation could predict poor subsequent cognitive function in inpatients with schizophrenia, especially in males. Interventions aimed at enhancing social connections could potentially improve cognitive function in this population.

Analysis of Step Length and Walking Speed in the Students with History of Ankle Injury: Walking Performance

The purpose of this study was to determine the analysis of stride length and walking speed in the walking gait of students who have ankle injuries. This study is analytical descriptive research with a one-shot case study design. The analysis through video recording of walking gait at 3 meters distance is analyzed using Kinovea software version 0.9.5. The total sample in this study used 27 people from students majoring in Elite Sports at Universitas Negeri Semarang who had an average age of 20 years and had historical injury by the physiotherapy data. This study's results indicated a significant difference between the stride length of people with a history of ankle injury and normal people. It was found that the results of the length of steps and the walking speed of students with a history of ankle injury averaged 1.22 m shorter than normal, which is 1.73 m in stride length. The data found the average speed was 1.135 (m/s) faster than ordinary people who get 1.59 m/s. Limitations in this study are only kinematic data was analyzed and need more kinetics data to complement the founding of this study. Further research is expected to be able to analyze walking gait at each angle in the leg segment which has contributed to improving walking performance.

Connecting dementia risk loci to the CSF proteome identifies pathophysiological leads for dementia.

Genome-wide association studies have successfully identified many genetic risk loci for dementia, but exact biological mechanisms through which genetic risk factors contribute to dementia remains unclear. Integrating CSF proteomic data with dementia risk loci could reveal intermediate molecular pathways connecting genetic variance to the development of dementia. We tested to what extent effects of known dementia risk loci can be observed in CSF levels of 665 proteins (proximity extension-based (PEA) immunoassays) in a deeply-phenotyped mixed-memory clinic cohort (n=502, mean age (sd) = 64.1 [8.7] years, 181 female [35.4%]), including patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD, n=213), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB, n=50) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD, n=93), and controls (n=146). Validation was assessed in independent cohorts (n=99 PEA platform, n=198, MRM-targeted mass spectroscopy and multiplex assay). We performed additional analyses stratified according to diagnostic status (AD, DLB, FTD and controls separately), to explore whether associations between CSF proteins and genetic variants were specific to disease or not. We identified four AD risk loci as protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL): CR1-CR2 (rs3818361, P=1.65e-08), ZCWPW1-PILRB (rs1476679, P=2.73e-32), CTSH-CTSH (rs3784539, P=2.88e-24) and HESX1-RETN (rs186108507, P=8.39e-08), of which the first three pQTLs showed direct replication in the independent cohorts. We identified one AD-specific association between a rare genetic variant of TREM2 and CSF IL6 levels (rs75932628, P = 3.90e-7). DLB risk locus GBA showed positive trans effects on seven inter-related CSF levels in DLB patients only. No pQTLs were identified for frontotemporal dementia, either for the total sample as for analyses performed within FTD only. pQTL variants were involved in the immune system, highlighting the importance of this system in the pathophysiology of dementia. We further identified pQTLs in stratified analyses for AD and DLB, hinting at disease-specific pQTLs in dementia. Dissecting the contribution of risk loci to neurobiological processes aids in understanding disease mechanisms underlying dementia.

Abstract 2323: Deciphering RNA degradation: Insights from a comparative analysis of paired fresh frozen/FFPE total RNA-seq

Abstract Background: Fresh frozen (FF) and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples are primary resources for archival tissues in cancer studies. Despite the advantages of easy storage and cost-effectiveness, FFPE samples have the disadvantage of inevitable chemical-induced RNA degradation. Although, in mRNA-seq data, the 3' bias due to the characteristics of the mRNA-seq platform allows the measure of RNA degradation levels, for total RNA-seq and FFPE samples, there is still no clear measure for RNA degradation. Methods: Our study, utilizing The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) pilot data comprised of 26 paired samples of fresh frozen mRNA-seq [FFM], fresh frozen total RNA-seq [FFT], and FFPE total RNA-seq [PET], investigated RNA degradation patterns in FFPE samples. Upon investigating the read coverage of transcripts in FFPE data, we observed increased noise parameters in selected samples compared to others, suggesting a method for assessment of RNA degradation in FFPE. To measure these noise patterns, we developed a method called windowCV (wCV) utilizing coefficient of variance (CV) along the transcript length. Also, based on reports that membrane-surrounded RNA such as lncRNA and mitochondrial RNA (mtRNA) might be less affected by formalin fixation, we developed the simple measure dividing expression value of other proteins with certain lncRNA or mtRNA inferring the degree of RNA degradation. Results: We first compared the shape of transcript read coverage from 3 different RNA-seq data and observed 3’bias pattern in FFM which was not observed in FFT and PET. For FFT and PET, we applied wCV and executed hierarchical clustering. We observed that a subset of samples and genes were clustered by high wCV value suggesting notable RNA degradation. To support the hypothesis of RNA degradation, we utilized Trimmed Mean of M values (TMM) expression ratio of paired FFT and PET to determine which samples and genes were associated with underestimation of expression in PET. Interestingly, we observed that PET/FFT TMM ratio showed negative correlation with wCV. Additionally, when we investigated hierarchical clustering result of PET/FFT TMM ratio, we found that lncRNA and mtRNA were less affected by FFPE. We then calculated expression ratio between membrane-surrounded RNA and a set of protein coding genes largely affected by FFPE. As a result, we found that this ratio positively correlated with paired PET/FFT TMM ratio. We conclude that this simple measurement can provide information of FFPE induced underestimated expression with limited transcriptome data as well as RNA degradation. Conclusion: Our method can provide gene-level CV while avoiding false positive variance signal originating from transcript model and simple way to detect the degree of RNA degradation across FFPE samples. Citation Format: Wonyoung Choi, Miyeon Yeon, Hyo Young Choi, David Neil Hayes. Deciphering RNA degradation: Insights from a comparative analysis of paired fresh frozen/FFPE total RNA-seq [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 2323.

Abstract 868: A novel unsupervised machine learning model applied to neuroblastoma single-cell RNA-seq data reveals a drug-induced mesenchymal-like gene expression program

Abstract High-risk neuroblastoma is one of the most difficult to treat pediatric cancers, with a survival rate of only about 50% and significant long-term consequences from current chemotherapy. Preclinical models such as cell lines and mice are the backbone of drug development and experimental-mechanistic oncology, but the development of new treatments is hampered in part by a lack of understanding of the direct clinical relevance of such data collected in preclinical models. Despite this, few formal methods have been developed to determine how these various models represent/resemble primary patient tumors. Here, we present the first comprehensive single-cell RNA-seq analysis of neuroblastoma across an extensive cohort of patient tumors and a variety of preclinical model systems (n = 126 total samples assembled - the largest cohort of its kind). By building an innovative unsupervised machine learning method, which we term “automatic consensus nonnegative matrix factorization” (acNMF), we have integrated and contrasted the transcriptional landscapes of patient tumors with those of cell lines, patient-derived xenografts (PDX), and genetic mouse models (GEMM).Using these tools, we discovered the dominant adrenergic gene expression programs found in neuroblastoma patient tumors were preserved across all preclinical models. However, the presumptive chemo-resistant mesenchymal-like programs, while identifiable in cell lines, were primarily restricted to subpopulations of cancer-associated fibroblasts and Schwann-like cells in vivo. Surprisingly, a mesenchymal-like program could be acutely chemotherapy-induced in GEMM and was evident in pre-treated patient and PDX samples, suggesting a previously uncharacterized mechanism of therapy escape. In addition to these core findings, our computational tools were able to further delineate the classical neuroblastoma adrenergic and mesenchymal gene expression programs, discovering for example, novel subpopulations of cancer associated fibroblasts. These behaviors were conserved across tumors and most preclinical models, which we validated by RNA in situ hybridization, which is a high resolution ultra sensitive spatial transcriptomics technology. Our work cautions against overreliance on traditional preclinical models without recognizing their limitations and we offer a nuanced, high-resolution view of neuroblastoma pre-clinical systems for advancing therapeutic development. We have launched an open-source web resource, featuring this integrated map to aid the scientific community in further exploration of these data and hypothesis generation (available at http://pscb.stjude.org). Citation Format: Rich Chapple, Xueying Liu, Sivaraman Natarajan, Margaret I. Alexander, Yuna Kim, Anand Patel, Christy W. LaFlamme, Min Pan, William C. Wright, Hyeong-Min Lee, Yinwen Zhang, Meifen Lu, Selene C. Koo, Courtney Long, John Harper, Chandra Savage, Melissa D. Johnson, Thomas Confer, Walter J. Akers, Michael A. Dyer, Heather Sheppard, John Easton, Paul Geeleher. A novel unsupervised machine learning model applied to neuroblastoma single-cell RNA-seq data reveals a drug-induced mesenchymal-like gene expression program [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 868.

Research on The Relationship Between Work Motivation, School Principal Leadership, and Teacher Performance in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah At Taufiq Lakarsantri Surabaya

Education is crucial in shaping and optimizing students' potential to succeed. One sign of educational success isthe level of student participation in learning activities, which reflects the level of student involvement and activityin the learning process. This research analyses the influence of assignment methods and social interaction onstudents' active learning at Islamic Elementary School or Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) Darul Ulum Tandes. Thisresearch involved 216 MI Darul Ulum Tandes students as a population, with 36 class VI students selected assamples using total sampling. The research results show that the assignment method significantly influencesstudents' active learning. This method provides opportunities for students to apply the concepts learned andencourages their direct involvement in the learning process. Social interactions also have a significant impact,engaging students in communication, collaboration, and emotional connection. This research makes a theoreticalcontribution by improving understanding the complexity of the relationship between learning methods and socialinteraction.

Premenstrual Syndrome Based On Physical Activity, Body Mass Index And Blood Pressure In Adolescent Girls

Background: One of the risk factors for PMS is physical activity, where during the COVID-19 pandemic there was a decrease in physical activity with PPKM. The impact of this decrease in physical activity is an increase in BMI. Obese women are more than twice as likely to have PMS, and obesity can also increase blood pressureObjective: to determine the relationship between physical activity, BMI and blood pressure with the incidence of PMS in adolescent girls.Method: This research is a cross sectional study. The population is young women in SMA N 1 Pagerbarang. With a total sample 212 people and the sampling technique uses quota sampling. Data collection by questionnaire and atropometric measurements of weight and height. Data analysis using chi square.Results and Discussion: A total of 45.8% of respondents experienced PMS. 46.7% had light physical activity, 54.7% had normal BMI and 87.3% had normal blood pressure 87.3%. Test the relationship between PMS with physical activity obtained P = 0.001, PMS with BMI with P = 0.005, and PMS with Blood Pressure with P value = 0.524.Conclusion: there is a relationship between physical activity and BMI with PMS, but there is no relationship between PMS with blood pressure. Keywords: PMS; Physical Activity; BMI; Blood Pressure.

Debris Index Before and After Apple Consumption

Dental caries is a form of tooth decay that begins in the enamel and progresses to the dentin. This is usually caused by poor oral hygiene, which causes a buildup of debris that harbors various types of bacteria. Efforts to prevent debris accumulation can be in the form of mechanical control, chemical control and control of fibrous foods such as apples Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of the debris index before and after consuming apples. Methods: The type of research used in this study was a quasy experiment with a pretest and posttest design with one group design. This research was conducted with a sample of 84 students, using a total sampling technique, the research data used primary data. The research instrument uses a debris index check sheet. Data analysis was tested using paired sample t test. Results: Before entering the apples, 14 students (16.7%) had good debris criteria, 66 students (78.6%) had moderate debris criteria and 4 students (4,8%). And after consuming apples, 77 students (91.7%) had good debris criteria index, 7 students (8.3%) had moderate debris criteria index and no students had bad debris criteria index. Conclusion: The Debris Index before consuming apples was highest in the Moderate mixture of 66 students (78.6%). The Debris index after consuming apples was the highest in a good assessment of 77 students (91.7% and there were no bad criteria of 0.0%, the number of students who consumed apples was 86.9%, the highest with a good assessment of (91.7%), with the results of paired sample t-test p<0.001. Conclusion: Consuming apples is effective in reducing the debris index.