Total Respondents Research Articles

Awareness of Night Eating Syndrome Among College Students (18-29 Years) Native to Manipur

Abstract: Night Eating Syndrome (NES) is a stress-related disorder characterized by morning aphagia, evening hyperphagia and insomnia with the presence of nocturnal ingestions and mood variations which worsen in the evening and night. Presence of eating disorders, psychological disorders, sleep issues like trouble getting to sleep or staying asleep also contribute to this disorder . Night eating syndrome may lead to obesity, metabolic syndrome, diabetes and other life style disorders. The aim of this study is to create awareness of NES and its consequences among college students aged 18-29 years who are native to Manipur. The study collected demographic details and anthropometry measurements of the students and also studied their awareness of NES. Their knowledge about the association of regularly eating post dinner and adverse health outcomes was also studied. The following parameters were considered like age, gender, educational status, BMI category, physical level to study and to create awareness of NES among them. The study used descriptive and exploratory survey design with a quantitative approach to collect data from college students (18-29 years) who are native to Manipur. The sample size was 78 (as per inclusion criteria) consisting of both males and females together. This study revealed that the college students with a percentage of 61.5% from among the total respondents of 52, were not aware of NES and it’s consequences. The limitations of the study suggest further research in the area of Night Eating Syndrome to increase the awareness amongst the population and prevent the occurrence of lifestyle diseases.

Influence of Dietary Seafood on the Prevention of Ocular Disorders: A Clinical Analysis

Age-related macular degeneration, retinal dysfunction, dry eye syndromes, cataract formation, and the prevalence of other vision defects are directly related to nutrients in the diet. People consuming seafood are less prone to several vision disorders. The present study was designed to validate the view. In this study, 712 visitors to tertiary eye care for eye check-ups were interviewed using a standard questionnaire, and from them, 264 persons were identified with some ocular defects. The identified cases were further screened based on their dietary habits with seafood. The isolated cases were clinically examined, and the development of ocular defects such as macular edema, optic neuropathy, myopia, double vision, dry eye syndrome, and color blindness was recorded. The results show that the respondents taking one or another type of three fishes regularly have a low impact on visual disorders. Respondents with fish intake above 500 g/week were less affected by all five ocular disabilities tested when compared with occasional users. Among the total respondents, the percentage of visual defects was seen in 62.12% in seafood users, but among the non-seafood users, the presence of visual defects was 89.6%. Statistical analysis using the Pearson population correlation coefficient, ρ (rho), further confirmed the relationship between eye wellness and a seafood diet. The omega-3 fatty acids linked with vision were also high in the fish consumed by the people. This study confirms that a regular seafood diet is good for eye health and can prevent the epidemics of several eye diseases. As fish intake contains a good amount of long-chain polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids, people who consume fish in their diet are less susceptible to advanced macular degeneration and other vision impairments responsible for age-related blindness.

``Virtual Reality as an Alternative Media for Socialization of Polimedia PSDKU Makassar CAMPUS''

This study aims to design, manufacture, and implement virtual reality as an alternative for immersive campus socialization for SMA/SMK students in South Sulawesi. The target of this study was to assess the level of acceptance and readiness of students in SMA/SMK to use virtual reality as an alternative medium for campus outreach. This study used descriptive quantitative techniques with data sources based on direct observation and data from the online questionnaires. The main stages of the research method start from topic identification, literature study, research design, data preparation, application development, implementation of applications that have been made, data collection, analysis and interpretation of data, preparation of results reports, and dissemination. The results of this study obtained data that, of the total respondents who were examined, 71.4% of the total respondents said they had never heard of the Makassar PSDKU polymedia campus; 75% of the total respondents stated that they felt as if they were walking around the Polimedia campus; meanwhile, 78.6% of the total respondents stated that they were interested in the campus using socialization media as an alternative to using a campus virtual tour. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that virtual reality can be recommended as an alternative media for campus outreach at Polimedia PSDKU Makassar which is immersive for SMA/SMK students.
 Keywords: virtual reality, immersive, media socialization

ANALISIS PENGARUH MOTIVASI WISATAWAN TERHADAP MINAT BERKUNJUNG WISATAWAN KE SUKU BADUY, BANTEN

<p>Tourism activities can be said to have existed since humans were on earth, where humans moved from one place to another. The meaning of tourism itself varies greatly according to the history and geography of movement behavior, because the behavior of moving places cannot be separated from various motivations or encouragement from within the human being himself. This study aims to measure the motivation for visiting tourists to the Baduy Tribe, Banten. The type of research used in this study is quantitative. Methods of data collection using questionnaires and observations. The total respondents in this study were 100 tourists who had visited the Inner Baduy Tribe with the sampling technique using Purposive Sampling. The analytical method used in this study uses simple linear regression analysis and descriptive statistical tests. Based on the results of the test of the coefficient of determination, the results obtained are that motivation influences the interest of visiting tourists by 40.2% and the rest is influenced by other variables. Based on the hypothesis test, it shows a significant value of 0.000, which means that motivation influences the interest in visiting tourists to the Baduy tribe.</p>

Prescribing Practices and Barriers of Biologics for Chronic Rhinosinusitis Amongst Otolaryngologists.

Biologics for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) are an evolving therapeutic option, but there are limited data on physician experiences in prescribing them. The goal of this study was to gain a better understanding of these experiences including prescribing practices, patient factors which guide prescriber decision, and physician and patient-reported issues which might limit cost-effectiveness of these therapies. A survey was distributed to attending otolaryngologists using the Canadian Society of Otolaryngology (CSOHNS) email distribution and eSurvey program. Responses were tabulated for the entire cohort and compared between rhinologists and non-rhinologists where appropriate. Frequencies and proportions were expressed as a percentage of total respondents. Fisher's exact test was used for statistical analysis between groups. Seventy-nine total survey responses were recorded representing a response rate of 43%. Significantly more rhinologists reported prescribing biologic medications on their own (100% vs. 50%; p < 0.001) and a higher proportion (1 to 10% vs. <1%) of their patients were on biologics compared with non-rhinologists (p = 0.023). Rhinologists were more likely to consider poor response to medical therapies, need for rescue steroids, and comorbid type 2 conditions in their decision to pursue biologics than non-rhinologists, but they also experienced poorer assistance from patient support programs and less availability to medications. Rhinologists are more comfortable with prescribing and managing biologics for CRSwNP compared with non-rhinologist colleagues. Clinicians prescribing biologic medications for CRSwNP should be familiar with guidelines, indications, and potential adverse events. N/A Laryngoscope, 134:3493-3498, 2024.

Subcutaneous immunoglobulin replacement therapy in patients with immunodeficiencies – impact of drug packaging and administration method on patient reported outcomes

BackgroundHere, the perspective of patients with primary and secondary immunodeficiency receiving subcutaneous immunoglobulin (SCIg) via introductory smaller size pre-filled syringes (PFS) or vials were compared.MethodsAn online survey was conducted in Canada by the Association des Patients Immunodéficients du Québec (APIQ) (10/2020–03/2021). Survey questions included: reasons for choosing SCIg packaging and administration methods, training experiences, infusion characteristics, and switching methods. The survey captured structured patient-reported outcomes: treatment satisfaction and its sub-domains, symptom state, general health perception, and physical and mental function. Respondents using PFS were compared with vial users, overall and stratified by their administration method (pump or manual push).ResultsOf the 132 total respondents, 66 respondents used vials, with 38 using a pump and 28 using manual push. PFS (5 and 10 mL sizes) were being used by 120 respondents, with 38 using a pump and 82 using manual push. PFS users were associated with a 17% lower median (interquartile range) SCIg dose (10 [8, 12] vs. 12 [9, 16] g/week, respectively), a significantly shorter infusion preparation time (15 [10, 20] vs. 15 [10, 30] mins, respectively), and a trend for shorter length of infusion (60 [35, 90] vs. 70 [48, 90] mins, respectively) compared with those on vials. Patient-reported treatment satisfaction scores were overall similar between vial and PFS users (including on the domains of effectiveness and convenience), except for a higher score for vials over PFS on the domain of global satisfaction (p=0.02).ConclusionsConsistent with prescribing that reflects a recognition of less wastage, PFS users were associated with a significantly lower SCIg dose compared with vial users. PFS users were also associated with shorter pre-infusion times, reflecting simpler administration mechanics compared with vial users. Higher global satisfaction with treatment among vial users compared with PFS users was consistent with users being limited to smaller PFS size options in Canada during the study period. Patient experience on PFS is expected to improve with the introduction of larger PFS sizes. Overall, treatment satisfaction for SCIg remains consistently high with the introduction of PFS packaging compared with vials.

Barriers to Mental Illness Treatment in Saudi Arabia: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

Mental illness is a disorder that can cause impairment and disability, affecting mood, thinking, and behavior; therefore, early intervention will reduce morbidity. This study aims to evaluate all the personal, family, societal, and medical barriers that prevent mental health patients from seeking consultation and treatment. In Saudi Arabia, a cross-sectional study was conducted on 463 individuals aged 18 and above. Data were collected byface-to-face interviews using a validated questionnaire, which consisted of two parts. The first part included sociodemographic data, while the second part contained subsections of society/family, personal, and medical barriers. The results showed that 379 (81.9%) indicated that society and family barriers impacted them, whereas 325 (70.3%) believed that personal barriers hindered seeking help. However, 294 (63.5%) opted for medical barriers as a hindrance. Regarding the highest barriers, 120 of the total respondents (25.9%) saw psychiatric illness as a source of shame and stigma, 166 respondents (35.9%) said that the psychiatric patient is seen as crazy, 159 of them (34.3%) believed it is tough for anyone to talk about their feelings and emotions and 183 respondent (39.5%) feared that psychiatric illness would decrease the chance of marriage to the appropriate person. Our findings also indicated a low trust in hospital treatment, hence a loss of confidence in using medications. The findings of this study indicate that societal stigma is the most common barrier preventing people from seeking mental health consultation. Many barriers differ significantly between males and females.

Influence of Principal Leadership, Discipline and Motivation on the Performance of Private Mts Teachers In Banyuasin Regency

This research aims to describe the influence of school principal leadership, discipline and motivation on the performance of private MTs teachers in Banyuasin Regency in detail. The data testing method for measuring the variables in this research uses Multiple Linear Regression Analysis. Associative research type. The total respondents were 154 teachers from 20 private MTs in Banyuasin Regency. The research results show that: (1) Leadership, discipline and motivation simultaneously influence the performance of private MTs teachers in Banyuasin Regency. (2) In particular, leadership, discipline and motivation have a positive effect on the performance of private MTs teachers in Banyuasin Regency.

Exploratory data analysis to reveal learning loss condition in Islamic religious education

One of the negative impacts of this prolonged distance teaching and learning activity during the pandemic is that students lag in absorbing lessons, known as learning loss. Islamic religious education (IRE) as value education, especially in Indonesia, can also cause learning loss. This study aims to identify possible indications of learning loss experienced by madrasa students in IRE. This study uses data science methods with an exploratory data analysis (EDA) approach. Respondents are students in the sixth grade of &lt;em&gt;Madrasah Ibtidaiyah&lt;/em&gt; (MI), the ninth grade of &lt;em&gt;Madrasah Tsanawiyah&lt;/em&gt; (MTs), and the twelfth grade of &lt;em&gt;Madrasah Aliyah&lt;/em&gt; (MA). The total respondents in this study were 38,326 MI students, 29,350 MTs students, and 13,474 MA students. The results of the EDA found that most madrasas in Indonesia experienced indications of learning loss in IRE subjects during distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic, both at the MI, MTS, and MA levels. This study found that the learning loss condition is influenced by various states and readiness for distance learning, both the preparedness of students to learn independently, the availability of digital content that is interesting and easy to understand, as well as the availability of facilities and technology for distance learning.

Uptake of Cervical Cancer Screening and Its Barriers Using Health Belief Model Among Health Professionals Working in Public Hospitals in South Gondar Zone, Northcentral Ethiopia: Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study.

Cervical cancer is a malignant neoplasm that originates in the cervix, and it is a leading cause of mortality, with 270,000 deaths every year globally. Of these, 85% occur in developing countries, including Ethiopia. Routine cervical cancer screening and early treatment can prevent up to 80% of cervical cancers. Health professionals are expected to screen for and be screened for cervical cancer. However, there is limited information about the uptake of cervical cancer screening among health professionals in the study area. This study aimed to determine the magnitude of cervical cancer screening uptake and identify its barriers among health professionals. A multicenter cross-sectional study design was conducted among health professionals from December 01 to 30, 2022. A total of 164 respondents were included in the study, and simple random sampling was used to select the respondents. Variables with a p-value of <0.05 at 95% confidence interval (CI) were considered significantly associated with the outcome variable. Of the total respondents, 112 (68.3%) were younger than the age of 30 years, with a mean age of 29.4 years ranging from 21 to 45 years. Seventy-nine of the respondents (48.2%) have work experience of 6-10 years, and 103 (62.8%) are nurses in profession. In this study, the magnitude of cervical cancer screening uptake was 28.1% (95% CI: 27.7%-35.6%). Moreover, attitude (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 3.3, 95% CI: 2.1-5.1), age at first sexual intercourse (AOR = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.3-3.4), having history of sexually transmitted infections (STIs; AOR = 3.6, 95% CI: 1.5-11.6), knowing someone who had been screened (AOR = 2.9, 95% CI: 1.8-4.8), and cervical cancer screening training (AOR = 1.6, 95% CI: 1.1-2.9) were significantly associated with cervical cancer screening. Generally, this study reported that the magnitude of cervical cancer screening uptake was low. The study also indicated that attitude, age at first sexual intercourse, history of STIs, knowing someone who had been screened, and training of cervical cancer screening were independent predictors of uptake of cervical cancer screening.

The mediating effect of sleep disturbance on the association between hypertension and depression: a national data analysis

BackgroundSleep disturbance is a common among people with hypertension. However, the mediating role of sleep disturbance in the association between hypertension and depression remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the mediating role of sleep disturbance in the association between hypertension and depression.Materials and methodsThis was cross-sectional study. The data were derived from the Indonesian Family Life Survey Fifth Wave (2014–2015). We include a total of 19,138 adults’ participants with age range from 18 to 65 years old who completed response on the variable of hypertension, sleep disturbance, and depression. The mediating model analysis was processed using the PROCESS macro ins SPSS from Hayes model.ResultsDepression was reported by 22% of total respondents. The group with hypertension showed a substantially higher prevalence of depression than non-hypertension group (P < 0.001). Hypertension had a significant overall effect on depression (β = 0.682; 95%CI 0.489 to 0.875, P < 0.001). The direct effect of hypertension on depression was significant (β = 0.418; 95%CI 0.244 to 0.592, P < 0.001) and the indirect effect that mediated by sleep disturbance was also significant (β = 0.264, 95%CI 0.174 to 0.356, P < 0.001). It is worth noting that sleep disturbance partially mediated the association between hypertension and depression.ConclusionThe findings of this study indicated that sleep disturbance contributed to the etiology of depression and hypertension in adult populations. Nurses should be involved in managing sleep disturbances, such as using behavioral therapy, as it may serve as both a treatment and primary prevention measure for depression and hypertension.Graphical

Nutritional Status and Its Associated Factors among Elderly Lacto-Vegetarians of Budhanilkantha Municipality of Bagmati Nepal

Elderly lacto-vegetarians have been identified as a high-risk group of nutrient deficiency like Protein, Fat, carbohydrate, calcium, multivitamin etc., due to unbalanced eating pattern. A descriptive cross-sectional study has been conducted at Budhanilkantha Municipality among 113 respondents. Data was analyzed in statistical software like SPSS version 25 and Microsoft excel. The study showed that 33.6% respondents were overweight, 19.4% were obese and 46.9% were normal according to BMI. Waist Hip Ratio shows that (46.9%) of the respondents had Moderate health risk, (20.3%) were in high health risk and 32.7% were normal in healthy range. Waist Circumference shows that out of total respondents 33.9% had increased risk of metabolic complications among Male (14.6%) and Female (19.2%). 61% of respondents were at the substantially increased risk of metabolic complications, Male (11.3%) and Female (49.7%). Factor such as Calories intake (P=0.00), fat intake (P=0.00), Gender (P=0.002), Ethnicity (P=0.00), Education level (P=0.00), Religion (P=0.000), Meal Intakes (P=0.00), Skipping Meals (P=0.00), carbohydrate intake (P=0.00), protein intake (P=0.00), were found to be statistically significant with Nutritional Status according to WHR. Factor such as Carbohydrate intake (P=0.019), Protein intake (P=0.00), were found to be statistically significant with Nutritional Status according to BMI. Majority of elderly lacto-vegetarian respondents were overweight and obese according to BMI and WHR shows health risk as well. Associated factors of Nutritional status are Gender, Religion, Ethnicity, Education level, Calories, Fat, Protein, and Carbohydrate.

Resiko Usahatani Kopi di Kabupaten Lampung Barat

The plantation sub-sector plays an essential role in maintaining the stability of food security and as a provider of raw materials for national industry. Coffee plants are a commodity that can grow optimally if cultivated in tropical areas. Lampung Province is one of the largest coffee producers in Indonesia. Production in 2022 will reach 118,043 tons. Most coffee farmers in the region form partnerships with companies by forming farmer groups. This research aims to (1) determine the difference in income between company-partner coffee farming and company-non-partner coffee farming and (2) determine the difference in the risk level of company-partner coffee farming and company-non-partner coffee farming. This research method is a survey method. This method is implemented by direct observation of a research object. This research was carried out in 2022. The location was selected based on West Lampung Regency being the largest coffee-producing area in Lampung. The total respondents were 67 coffee farmers from the Sumberjaya sub-district area. Sumberjaya subdistrict was chosen with consideration because it has coffee farmers who are partners and not partners with companies. The respondents were 49 coffee farmers who partnered with a company (PT. Indocafco) and 18 respondents who did not partner with a company. The research respondents were used as a whole (Arikunto, 2006) based on a population &lt;100 (Nazir, 2014). Research data analysis consists of the coffee farming business income of company partners and non-partner farmers and risk analysis of the coffee farming business of company partners and non-partner farmers. The research results found that the total income of the company's partner coffee farms was greater than that of the company's non-partner coffee farms. Partner and non-partner farming is worth pursuing based on the R/C ratio value indicator &gt;1. The coffee farming business of company partners and non-partners has potential risk with the coefficient of variation (CV) indicator value&gt; 0.5. The coffee farming of company partners and non-partners can be profitable with the lower limit value indicator (L)&gt;0.

Analysis of factors related to medicine consumption pattern in pregnant women (Field study at Jagir Public Health Center, Surabaya in 2023)

Medications can have unintended effects on the fetus during pregnancy. During pregnancy, a woman may experience various complaints or health problems that require medication. Improper use of medication during pregnancy and inadequate nutrient intake can cause structural and functional abnormalities. Congenital anomalies occur in 3–4% of pregnancies, and in addition, improper medication use has been estimated to be the cause of abnormalities in 10% of births [1].This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with medication use patterns in pregnant women in the Jagir Public Health Centre Surabaya, in relation to the history of health problems experienced by the mother before pregnancy, complaints experienced by the mother during pregnancy, the status of consultation by pregnant women to health workers, and the status of recommendation of close people of pregnant women regarding the use of certain medications during pregnancy. The research method used was observational with a cross-sectional research design. Data collection was carried out in June-September 2023, using purposive sampling, with the research subjects being pregnant women in the working area of the Jagir Public Health Centre Surabaya. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire for the use of medication in pregnant women that has been tested for validity and reliability. Statistical data analysis used Chi-Square test with a significance level of 5% and the help of SPSS 25.0 software. The results of the study showed that of the total respondents of 122 pregnant women, 17.2% had a history of health problems before pregnancy, 49.2% had complaints experienced during pregnancy, but 91.8% of respondents had consulted with health workers and 56.6% had received recommendations from close people regarding the use of certain medications. Pregnant women who received and consumed prescription drugs were 16.4%, had consumed over-the-counter drugs 23%, consumed herbal 24.6%, and consumed supplements 97.5%. The results of the Chi-Square test showed that there was a significant effect on the relationship between the mother's medical history and the pattern of prescription drug consumption (p = 0.000), the complaints experienced by the mother during pregnancy with the pattern of prescription drug and over-the-counter drug consumption (p = 0.042; 0.000), the status of recommendation of close people of pregnant women with the pattern of over-the-counter drug and herbal consumption (p = 0.000; 0.001). From this study showed that the factors that influence the medication use patterns of pregnant women included the mother's history of health problems before pregnancy, the complaints experienced by the mother during pregnancy, and the status of recommendation from the close people of pregnant women.

Clinical practices and adherence to guidelines for eosinophilic esophagitis: A European survey

BackgroundWe aimed to assess the clinical practices and adherence to guidelines for adult Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE) patients in Europe. MethodsA cross-sectional web survey containing 23 questions was distributed to members of the European Consortium for Eosinophilic Diseases of the Gastrointestinal Tract (EUREOS) and the Italian Association of Hospital Gastroenterologists and digestive endoscopists (AIGO). We conducted a subgroup analysis to assess the impact of EoE expertise and practice setting on clinical practices. Results228 physicians from 18 European countries participated. Adherence to guidelines varied from 72% to 98.6%. 83.4% of total respondents obtained ≥ 6 esophageal biopsies in suspected EoE. 42% of total respondents, 82.5% of EoE experts (vs. non-experts 33%; P < 0.0001), and 55% of academics (vs. 29.1 non-academics; P < 0.0001) routinely used the EREFS score. Regarding first-line therapy, 82.9% of total respondents prescribed proton pump inhibitors, 41.6% topical steroids, 20.6% elimination diets, and 9.2% combination therapies. Only 72% of respondents used symptoms and endoscopy with <15 Eosinophils/HPF to define treatment response. 21.5% of all respondents did not prescribe maintenance therapies and 12.7% discontinued therapy before response evaluation endoscopy. ConclusionOur findings revealed significant heterogeneity in practice patterns and suboptimal adherence to EoE guidelines across Europe. Expertise in EoE and working in an academic hospital positively influenced clinical practices and adherence to guidelines.

Increasing Reproductive Health Knowledge of Indonesian Female Migrant Workers Through Case Study Learning Method

Background: Reproduction health in migrant workers is complicated and difficult to handle. Health education is one of the methods to increase the knowledge about health reproduction. Aims: The study aimed to analyze the knowledge of migrant workers related to reproductive health through case study learning method. Methods: The study is an intervention research. Total respondents were 135 participants. The intervention was conducted in 3 groups of female migrant workers. The intervention given was related to reproductive health with 4 meetings in the first group, 8 meetings in the second group and 12 meetings in the third group. Group 2 and 3 used case study as learning method. The measurement of knowledge of the three groups was through pre-test and post-test. The statistical test used ANOVA to determine differences between intervention groups and T Test to determine the difference between pre-test and post-test scores. Results: There were significant differences in pre-test and post-test scores in all groups and there was significant difference in post-test scores in groups 1 and 3 of p=0.001. Conclusion: Health education given to migrant workers is proven to be able to increase the level of knowledge related to reproductive health. The group that received case study as learning method and more number of meeting, had a better level of knowledge.

Early Diagnosis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Smokers Using Spirometry

A cross-sectional, observational study was done in the Pulmonology Department of Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Dhaka Cantonment, Bangladesh, from September 2016 to February 2017, to explore the role of spirometry in the early detection of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) among smokers. A total of 70 participants were selected. After taking the detail history, spirometry and chest x-ray were done. The correlation between smoking and COPD was determined. Among the total respondents 44%, 40% and 15.7% had 10-15, 15-20 and &gt;20 pack-year smoking history respectively. Forced expiratory volume in one second/Forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) among these three groups of smokers were found 90%/91%, 77%/89%, and 58.4%/88% respectively. Among the participants, 20% had a change in chest X-ray and 23 (32.85%) of respondents had COPD. Among those 23 participants, 13 (18.57%) suffered from mild, 6 (8.57%) suffered from moderate, 3 (4.28%) suffered from severe, and 1 (1.43%) suffered from a very severe level of airway obstruction. Our results suggest that spirometry can be a valuable tool for the early diagnosis of COPD among smokers. Though it was found as a promising option in a small-scale study, further evaluation is necessary through a population screening to confirm its effectiveness. CBMJ 2024 January: vol. 13 no. 01 P: 53-59

Knowledge of Postnatal Danger Signs and Associated Factors among Mothers in Nepal

BACKGROUND: The postpartum period is crucial, and it is essential to recognize warning signs. Unfortunately, maternal mortality rates remain high due to postpartum complications, especially in developing countries like Nepal. Many mothers are not aware of postnatal warning signs, which can delay them from seeking necessary medical care and increase the risk of maternal mortality. The main objective of study to identify mothers' knowledge of postnatal danger signs and the relevant factors. METHOD: A study was conducted in Chitwan, covering three municipalities: Madi, Rapti, and Ratnanagar. A stratified proportionate-based simple random sampling technique was used to recruit 527 mothers for the study. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire, and statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 21. A multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the factors associated with the knowledge of postnatal danger signs. RESULT: Out of the total respondents, only 209 (39.7%) demonstrated good awareness regarding postpartum danger signs. To be considered informed, a woman must be able to list at least three common warning signs. However, the majority of respondents consistently identified vaginal bleeding as a dangerous sign postpartum. The study found that modern health care seeking behavior (AOR=1.63, 95% CI:1.04-2.55), occupation in service (AOR=3.19, 95% CI:1.39-7.29), and time to reach the health facility (AOR=1.96, 95% CI:1.18-3.25) were significantly associated with knowledge of postnatal danger signs. Of these, 67 (12.7%) faced postnatal danger signs during their postpartum period. Among those, the majority (39 or 7.4%) had a good practice of seeking a health facility for care and treatment. CONCLUSION: It is encouraging that mothers become more aware of postnatal danger signs despite their initial low level of awareness. Factors such as the mother's age, occupation, educational background, age of marriage and first childbirth, number of ANC visits, and healthcare-seeking behavior are significantly associated with their awareness of postnatal danger signs. Therefore, healthcare providers should focus on these factors to improve the mothers' knowledge of postnatal danger signs.

Employee Satisfaction Factors in the E-Commerce Company: The Mediating Role of Employee Engagement

Introduction/Main Objectives: This study discusses the factors that have implications for job satisfaction in e-commerce companies. The focus of the study is to analyze the organizational commitment, spiritual leadership, and technological advancement, which are mediated by employee engagement. Background Problems: Some e-commerce companies have problems with their employees’ level of satisfaction. This study provides recommendations for dealing with the satisfaction factors of employees working in e-commerce. Novelty: The novelty of this study is that it offers a different model for measuring job satisfaction. Employee engagement is used as a mediating variable to measure the implications for employee satisfaction in e-commerce companies. One of the variables used is technological advancement. Research Methods: This study uses the PLS-SEM method. The total respondents is 250 employees who work in e-commerce companies. Purposive sampling is used, according to the research needs, with a total of 207 respondents. The object of this study is a business organization that is engaged in e-commerce. Finding/Results: The direct and indirect effects of employee satisfaction are implied by spiritual leadership and organizational commitment. Technological advancement has no direct or indirect effect on employee satisfaction. Employee engagement has a mediating role in both the direct and indirect effects on employee satisfaction. Conclusion: E-commerce organizations should pay more attention to their employees’ development through building their technological capabilities. This research can explain the improvement in a business’s quality through its employees’ satisfaction. This adds value to human resources manage­ment.

Radiographers’ role in justification of medical imaging examinations

IntroductionJustification is one of the fundamental principles in radiation protection and according to the ICRP, justification means that any decision that alters the radiation exposure situation should do more good than harm. The purpose of this study was to explore diagnostic radiographers’ attitude towards their role in justification, and to assess the perceived need for justification discussions with peers and the ability to reject unjustified referrals during day, evening, and night shifts. MethodsThis study was conducted in Norway and Denmark. A questionnaire was developed in Norwegian and translated into Danish, and two experienced radiographers assessed content validity. A secure online data capture solution was used, and the questionnaire was distributed to radiographers working in clinical settings in March and April 2022 (n = 1215). ResultsA total of 202 radiographers were included in the study, 93 from Norway and 109 from Denmark, respectively. Seventy-nine per cent of the radiographers reported that they had a duty to assess justification and 86 % did so daily. Their role in justification assessment was reported as relatively important, where CT and MRI had significantly different results than the total respondents. Radiologists were designated as being most responsible in the assessment, closely followed by referring doctors and radiographers. The most important criterion for justification assessment was the referring doctor's clinical assessment. The need to confer was highest during daytime when there were also more opportunities to confer. ConclusionThe need to discuss justification of examinations is greater during daytime when access to radiologists is also high, while both access and need are low during night shifts. Further research is needed to explain the latter finding. Radiographers who engage in daily justification assessments, and perceive it as a duty, find justification important and report having sufficient knowledge to carry out these assessments.