Total Quality Management Programs Research Articles

Re-examining the quality management and firm performance relationships: meta-analytical investigation on moderating effects of national culture differences

PurposeIn the last 3 decades, organization-wide programs and practices based on the Total Quality Management (TQM) philosophy have become central to continuous improvement (CI) strategy in both public and private enterprises. However, there is paradoxical evidence of TQM-firm performance linkage in non-Japanese contexts. This study presents a meta-analysis of empirical research on TQM-firm performance linkage and investigates the moderating influence of national cultural (NC) values on this relationship.Design/methodology/approachMeta-analytical procedures are adopted to analyse 364 effects accumulated from 135 independent samples across 31 nations, for 30,015 firm observations. Additionally, weighted least square (WLS) meta-regression is used to test the moderation effects of four NC dimensions based on the Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness (GLOBE) model.FindingsThe meta-analysis results reveal that the strengths of the association varied across five soft and hard TQM dimensions and three firm performance dimensions Meta-regression indicate that the effectiveness of the TQM program is high in cultures which reward collectivist behaviours, equity of power distribution and avoidance of ambiguity in rules/structures.Originality/valueThe study contributes to international operational management theory on cultural influences on the effectiveness of operations strategies and decisions.

Influence of Leadership Style on TQM Implementation in Champions Breweries, PLC, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

This study examined the influence of leadership style on Total Quality Management (TQM) implementation effectiveness at Champions Breweries in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Successful TQM adoption relies on leadership approaches that empower employees and catalyse engagement in continuous improvement. However, research shows authoritarian leadership styles focused on control remain prevalent in Nigerian firms, potentially hindering quality management. However, only some studies have quantitatively assessed the linkage between leadership style and TQM success in the Nigerian context. This study, addressed this gap by investigating whether Champions Breweries' leadership style impacted the effectiveness of TQM implementation. Quantitative survey methodology, gathered data from 218 employees on perceptions of leadership behaviours and TQM programme success. Descriptive statistics, revealed that an authoritarian leadership style, characterised by top-down decision-making, command-and-control behaviours, and limited employee empowerment prevailed. ANOVA results demonstrated a significant relationship between this authoritarian leadership style and reduced TQM implementation success. The findings align with studies showing that authoritative approaches focused on control rather than empowerment undermine quality management through reduced engagement and initiative-taking. To strengthen TQM outcomes, Champions Breweries should implement leadership training focused on participative management skills, decentralise organisational structure, and align talent management systems, to participative leadership. The study, provides empirical evidence that leadership style significantly impacts TQM success in Nigerian firms. Evolving from authoritarian paradigms is essential to build cultures of quality, which should be predicted on leadership training, reform performance management and rewards system amongst other as some of the recommendation.

Assessing The Relationship Between Total Quality Management (TQM) Practices and Organizational Performance in Libyan Manufacturing Companies

In the contemporary landscape, manufacturing companies should actively cultivate their competitiveness and demonstrate the capacity to sustain a robust competitive advantage. Key factors in this pursuit are Organizational Performance (OP) and the implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM), which are widely recognized as crucial variables within the manufacturing sector. This study employs a comprehensive approach, utilizing descriptive analysis with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) employing the Partial Least Square (PLS) Approach Version 3.0. Distinguished by its capability to represent unobserved concepts in relationships, account for measurement errors in the estimation process, and validate the hypothesized model, this approach adds rigor to the investigation. The primary focus of this research is the assessment of the relationship of TQM implementation across a spectrum of companies, encompassing those with formal TQM programs and those incorporating TQM practices. Meticulously designed questionnaires are utilized for data collection, and distributed among various personnel, including total quality managers, supervisors, quality assistants, control managers, general managers, top manager production managers, and individuals possessing relevant quality expertise. Through rigorous hypothesis testing, the study aims to establish the relationships between TQM and OP. The findings reveal a positive relationship between TQM and OP in the manufacturing companies in Libya. It is anticipated that the outcomes of this study will serve as valuable insights and guidance for compliance managers and practitioners in Libyan manufacturing, fostering improvements in organizational performance through effective TQM implementations

Empirical Investigation on Influence of Employee Skill Development and Continuous Service Improvement on Service Delivery in Huduma Centres in Nairobi City County, Kenya

Although Total Quality Management (TQM) programs help to improve customer service delivery, state-owned corporations like Kenya's Huduma Centres have continued to face significant difficulties in meeting the evolving needs of its clientele. Despite the Kenyan government's efforts to enhance the provision of public services by opening Huduma centers, empirical evidence reveal customer dissatisfaction continues to prevail. The goal of the study was to determine how overall quality management strategies affected the provision of services in Huduma Centers in Kenya's Nairobi City County. Determine the impact of employee skill development and continuous service improvement on service delivery in Huduma Centers in Nairobi City County, Kenya, was one of the study's particular goals. Theory of overall quality management served as the study's foundation and backed up by the gap analysis model and the notion of dynamic capacities. The problem was investigated using a descriptive research design in the study. The study's sample size was 185 respondents, with a target population of 343 employees from the five Huduma Centers functioning in Nairobi City County. While secondary data was gathered from documented human resource records, primary data was gathered utilizing questionnaires. The researcher will assess the research's validity by consulting with lecturers from Kenyatta University's department of business administration and experts in quality management, while the Cronbach Alpha method will be used to assess the reliability of the research instrument. While content analysis was used to evaluate qualitative data, descriptive and inferential statistics like correlation and regression were employed to study quantitative data. Tables were used to present the examined data. According to the study's findings, service delivery in Huduma Centers in Nairobi City County, Kenya, was positively impacted by employee skill development and ongoing service improvement.

Blood bank programs and transfusion sustainability. A serial mediating model

IntroductionResearchers establish that the current challenges of blood safety and shortage are based on relationship between master production scheduling and blood transfusion sustainability of blood banks. ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to evaluate program relationship between master production scheduling and blood transfusion sustainability through total quality management and blood production. MethodsA survey questionnaire was adopted with staff from regional and government university teaching hospital blood banks. Simple random sampling was used to collect data from respondents. Preliminary and main data analysis was done using SPSS AMOS23. ResultsThe results revealed that master production scheduling influence blood transfusion sustainability when serially mediated by total quality management and blood production with 34% variation change at 95% confidence interval. Again, the results obtained show that master production scheduling influence total quality management significantly. Furthermore, total quality management influence blood production significantly. Finally, blood production influence blood transfusion sustainability significantly. Conclusion and recommendationsMaster production scheduling program actions has a positive significant relationship with blood transfusion sustainability through total quality management and blood production programs as serial mediators. This research contributes to the management of blood banks and suggests to have a greater relational management of total quality management, blood production and master production scheduling program actions in order to achieve high levels of blood transfusion sustainability, and in general, a greater benefit for society.

THE DETERMINANT FACTORS OF HALAL TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT PROGRAM FOR SMALL INDUSTRIES

The paper proposed a framework to assist the practitioners that involved in the area of quality management which implement or engage with halal practices in distribution of products or services. The purposed framework apply to both internal and external output from previous studies and recommend a new variable which is halal procedure as the mediator to Total Quality Management (TQM) program. Throughout the discussion, the paper provides a new insight for the readers and practitioners to utilize the TQM program within the halal procedure which has been used by many manufacturing or service companies as it is proven by many researchers that halal procedure plays an essential part in the process of delivering the products or services.

Identifying the critical success factors of total quality management implementation in manufacturing industry of Pakistan: an exploratory factor analysis

Total quality management (TQM) is a management philosophy that focuses on continuous quality improvement across all parts of a company. Its key goals are to satisfy customers and stay in business. As a result, it's critical to identify the elements that lead to successful TQM implementation. This study also proposed a framework that helps organizations in their success. To achieve this goal, various critical success factors (CSFs) that contribute to organizational growth success were identified. The major purpose of this research is to identify critical success factors for TQM implementation in the manufacturing industry. For this aim, the study was deployed from an extensive literature review, and the questionnaire was used as a research instrument to specify the essential CSFs in different manufacturing industries. Around 300 questionnaires were issued to top management of manufacturing enterprises in Sindh Pakistan (both public and commercial sectors). The structured survey received 82 valid responses, which were then analyzed by using factor analysis. Finally, the study's findings highlighted the five CSFs (customer satisfaction, employee involvement, training and education, continuous improvement, employee encouragement, and service quality) as the most important aspects in building an effective framework for successful TQM adoption in manufacturing industries. The findings of this study will assist senior management in the implementation of a TQM program and resource allocation that will produce the greatest results in terms of increased returns and stakeholder value.

The Impact of Hospital Demographic Factors on Total Quality Management Implementation: A Case Study of UAE Hospitals

Aim: Maintaining service quality and value using quality and management tools is crucial in any organization. In essence, improving service quality boosts both efficiency of organizations and consumer pleasure. The deployment of quality development programs such as Total Quality Management (TQM) is one technique that businesses may employ to deliver exceptional customer service. The health sector, in particular, is one of the industries that require TQM adoption due to its complexity and the need for constant service improvement. TQM helps to improve service quality in health facilities through advanced clinical and administrative procedures. This research comprehensively assesses TQM levels and the impact of hospital demographics on its implementation process in hospitals in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).
 
 Methods: The study used a quantitative research strategy based on a survey study design. Questionnaires were used to gather primary data from respondents deployed a self-administered technique. 1850 questionnaires were delivered to the hospital's senior staff based on their number in each hospital. Of the 1850 questionnaires distributed, 1238 usable questionnaires were analyzed, yielding a response rate of 66.9%. The study used a binary logistic regression model to determine if hospital demographics affected TQM implementation. The study data were examined and analysed using version 25.0 of the SPSS software.
 
 Results: The results show that most of the health facilities with an overall TQM between 4.12 and 4.82 were utilized, governmental, accredited and utilized and large hospitals, while the hospitals with a mean between 2.91 and 3.45 were small, unaccredited private, and non-specialised. Thus, large hospitals have a higher TQM utilization rate than small hospitals. In addition, the findings of the t-test revealed that a high TQM is represented by means of 4.68, 4.67, 4.43, and 4.12 for accredited, utilized, governmental and large hospitals. The binary regression analysis also reveals similar results: large, governmental, utilized and accredited hospitals have greater chances of TQM adoption than other categories of hospitals (Exp (B): 1.2; 95%CI: 1.001 – 1.421, P< .05); (Exp (B): 1.3; 95%CI: 1.012 – 1.721, P< .05); (Exp (B): 1.5; 95%CI: 1.127 – 2.051, P< .01); and (Exp
 
 (B): 1.5; 95%CI: 1.102 – 2.012, P< .05); correspondingly. Another observation from the results is that hospitals that implemented technological tools had a greater chance of successfully executing the TQM program than hospitals that did not utilize advanced technologies due to the limited availability of resources (Exp (B): 1.7; 95%CI: 1.332 – 2.187, P< .01).
 Conclusion: Even though health facilities need to adopt TQM, its implementation depends on the hospital size and demographics that significantly influence the adoption of TQM programs. However, this study will help bridge the current gap on the usage of TQM in the health context by examine the influence of demographic factors on adopting TQM in hospitals. Hence, provide adequate information to help the UAE hospital administrators appropriately execute the TQM program in the hospitals and enhance the efficacy of their operations.

Total quality management as a key step to healthcare transformation; the Saudi experience

Total quality management (TQM) is a comprehensive approach to healthcare management that emphasizes continuous improvement in service quality through stakeholder engagement. In Saudi Arabia, a new model of care (MoC) was introduced aimed at elevating healthcare quality across different care levels. This MoC comprises six care systems and service layers, integrating clinical governance to ensure ongoing improvements in service quality. The integrated clinical care pathway (ICCP) functions as a customizable disease management pathway tailored to the unique needs of each health cluster. Within the ICCP, a robust quality management program has been implemented, covering quality planning, control, and improvement practices. This program fosters a culture of knowledge exchange and continuous learning, ensuring that changes within the healthcare system are grounded in scientific principles and subject to ongoing assessment. To ensure the success of ICCPs and fulfill their objectives, the Health Holding Company (Health Co.) partnered with the Institute of Healthcare Improvement (IHI). This collaboration aims to enhance the capacity and capabilities of quality improvement teams within ICCPs, driving MoC transformation, inspiring an innovation and improvement culture, and facilitating knowledge and expertise exchange. The primary goal of the quality improvement program is to enhance population health by addressing prevalent risk factors for chronic diseases improving the quality of life through enhancing all healthcare pathways. It seeks to bridge the gap between current healthcare practices and best practices, utilizing improvement coaches (ICs) and advisors to promote effective teamwork. Initially implemented in Saudi Arabia's Al-Hasa region, the TQM program within ICCPs underwent a feedback-gathering workshop. This collaborative effort involved input from ICs and cluster leadership, focusing on various program aspects. The collected feedback aims to further refine and enhance the program for widespread implementation throughout the Kingdom. This review focuses on TQM as a critical step in healthcare transformation, highlighting the Saudi Arabian experience.

Implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM) to Improve Education Quality at MAS Darul Aitami South Aceh

The concept of Quality Management is very developed and widely applied, especially in the world of education, an educational management approach has developed, namely Total Quality Management (TQM). The aims of this study were to determine: (1) the implementation of the TQM program at MAS Darul Aitami Aceh Selatan to improve the quality of education; (2) efforts made by madrasah principals in implementing TQM; and (3) inhibiting factors in TQM implementation. Data collection techniques through: observation, interviews, and documentation studies. The research subjects included madrasah principals, educators, and education staff. Data analysis using data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results showed: (1) TQM implementation in improving the quality of education includes the implementation of curriculum management, teacher and staff management, student management, madrasah relationship management with the community, and madrasah climate management. (2) Efforts made include: having a strong commitment and will and continuing to strive for quality improvement and working based on quality, increasing teacher professionalism and competence, compiling and planning madrasah programs, empowering madrasah resources to the maximum, providing educational facilities and infrastructure , improve teacher welfare, conduct guidance and enrichment programs for student learning, develop religious culture in madrasah, establish cooperation with madrasah committees.

The Impact of Total Quality Management on Health Services Improvement, Sana’a Hospitals, Yemen (2017-2020)

Background: Total quality management (TQM) plays a major role in quality health services improvement. The aims of the study are to identify the concepts of total quality management in health institutions to know the nature of the relationship between the application of TQM and improving the quality of health services in Sana’a Governorate. Method: This applied research is a descriptive cross-sectional study in which the TQM of 13 affiliated Sana’a Governorate hospitals during “2017-2020”, were evaluated based on self-administered questionnaires. Data were collected by questionnaires including demographical variables, TQM dimensions variables. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 16. Results: A total of 281 users 98.6% had responded. The employee’s responses for sixth study dimensions were the top manager’s commitment (TMC) 80.46%, customers focusing CF 81.55%, continuous improvement (CI) 82.32%, training (T) 71.51%, and strategic planning of the quality (SPQ) 74.76%, health services quality improvement (HSQI) 74.25%. There is a strong relationship between TQM and HSQI. There is no relationship between demographic factors gender, profession, years of experience, except age with TMC, T, HSQI, qualification with the TMC, CI, T, HSQI and job with all study variables. Conclusion: The application of TQM at hospitals in quality of health services improvement has several challenges, lacking staff experience and lacking leadership support, weakness of the training, customers focusing, continuous improvement, and strategic planning of the quality. Therefore, benefiting from the experiences of leading hospitals in implementing total quality management programs by sending some cadres to these hospitals for training and gaining experience or by hosting experienced cadres to conduct training courses is recommended.

Lack of business planning: A barrier to successful implementation of total quality management in South African agricultural small-, micro- and medium-sized enterprises

This study aimed to establish baseline data for performance concerning the business planning function of agricultural small-, micro- and medium-sized enterprises (Agri-SMMEs) in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. It also endeavoured to investigate the extent to which Agri-SMMEs that had adopted total quality management (TQM) had improved their business planning performance. An action research design and mixed methods, which included the internationally recognised South African Excellence Model (SAEM), were used to collect qualitative and quantitative data from Agri-SMMEs in the Western Eastern Cape (WEC) that had adopted the TQM philosophy, as well as from WEC and Eastern Eastern Cape (EEC) Agri-SMMEs that had not adopted that philosophy. Whether or not they had adopted TQM, the Agri-SMMEs studied were performing poorly relating to the business planning function when benchmarked against world-class standards. Hence, Agri-SMMEs that had implemented the TQM process did not necessarily have a performance advantage over those that had not adopted the process. With respect to practical implications, the use of the SAEM for continuous performance improvement of the business planning function should be promoted and interventions should be provided for the identified shortcomings relevant to this function. It is the first study of its kind to be conducted in the agricultural sector in South Africa. Therefore, the findings should provide a useful guide to enterprises contemplating implementing a TQM programme.

Addressing strategic human resource management practices for TQM: the case of an Indian tire manufacturing company

PurposeThis study aims to identify SHRM (strategic human resource management) essential practices for the TQM (total quality management) program regarding an Indian tire manufacturing company and formulate an inclusive interrelationship to prioritize them.Design/methodology/approachSemistructured interview with ten experts from the company was made to give SHRM practices scores. The SLR (systematic literature review) and TOPSIS (technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution) techniques are used to establish the model for 12 key practices and rank them afterward.FindingsThe findings clearly show that strategic planning and staffing, teamwork and leadership development have appeared as the top three essential practices. Simultaneously, performance measurement and evaluation, work design and analysis and promotion are identified as the bottom three practices. These essential practices are identified as contributing attributes.Practical implicationsThe findings prioritize the SHRM practices as contributing attributes that help other tire manufacturing industries identify their key practices. Moreover, it provides the necessary inputs comprised of ten experts' decisions to become more active and well prepared.Originality/valueThe novelty of this study is to identify the key practices by using SLR and measured by the TOPSIS method to rank and consider a tire manufacturing company as a case-based approach to gain high productivity and competitive advantage.

Examining the integration of continuous improvement and strategic planning in select pharmaceutical companies in India: a case study

PurposeThe objective of the study is to examine the extent to which pharmaceutical companies in India rely on traditional planning approaches rather than the new learning approach to strategic planning. In addition to that, the study also seeks to examine the perceived ability of the pharmaceutical companies in India to integrate continuous improvement goals and product quality into the overall strategic planning and success in implementing total quality management (TQM) programs examined through three particular continuous improvement mindsets.Design/methodology/approachThe study collected data from select pharmaceutical companies in India through survey technique using a standardized questionnaire through online mode. A descriptive statistical analysis is performed to examine the extent of integration of strategic planning and continuous improvement in the select pharmaceutical companies in India.FindingsThe results of the study indicate that pharmaceutical companies in India still rely greatly on traditional planning methods for strategic planning. However, a shift is also observed toward adoption of best practice management and modern strategic management techniques. The study also demonstrates that continuous improvement goals and strategies are included into the corporate strategic planning.Research limitations/implicationsThe study employs only descriptive statistics, and no hypotheses are generated in the study because the objective is not to generalize the findings. The process of formulating quality goals and integrating them with strategy is typical to any company. Therefore, the findings cannot be generalized. The findings of the study do not given any insights into the strategic quality management process due to online mode of data collection. Also, the focus on the study is on the internal management of quality in an organization and factors in the external environment or in the value chain outside the firm, influencing strategic management of quality are beyond the scope of present study.Practical implicationsConsidering the significance of quality of products, an understanding of the link between quality and strategic goals helps the managers in pharmaceutical industry to align the strategic planning goals with quality goals ensuring that the entire organization moves in same strategic direction.Originality/valueThe strong focus quality in pharmaceutical industry in India has given impetus to development of well-managed quality programs on the shop-floor to remain competitive and survive in the highly competitive global markets. However, no such study is conducted so far to understand the extent to which continuous improvement or TQM practices are integrated into strategic planning in the pharmaceutical companies in India.

Nursing Staff Awareness Regarding Challenges for Applying Total Quality Management

Background: Total Quality Management represents a modern management philosophy, established due to the development in all aspects of life in today's world. Aim: To assess nursing staff awareness regarding challenges for applying Total Quality Management at Assuit University Hospital. Research design:A descriptive study convenience sample design with a sample contains all nurses working in General Surgical, Special Surgical, General Medical, and Special Medical departments at Assiut University Hospital with a total number of n= 219. Tools: Total Quality Management Challenges questionnaire is used. Results: Show that above one-third of them agree about all items of challenges for applying total quality management. Conclusion: No statistically significant differences between quality management challenges with personal and occupational characteristics of the studied nurses at Assuit University Hospital. Recommendations: Conduct an awareness sessions about total quality management between nurses at Assuit University Hospital; Conduct a total quality management training or program to all nurses at Assuit University Hospital, And the availability of quality assurance coordinator nurse in each department who works to implement quality policies in the departments and act as a link between the department and the Quality Committee.

Kalite Maliyetleri ve Bir Üretim İşletmesinde Uygulaması

The concept of quality cost emerged as a result of both product development and process improvement studies, following the products produced not meeting customer expectations. Measuring and calculating quality costs is one of the important and necessary stages of the Total Quality Management program. Enhancing quality is seen as the fastest way to improve customer loyalty, decrease manufacturing costs and increase productivity. While preparing initiatives to enhance the quality, the associated costs should be taken into account. Since consumer demands need to be fulfilled at the lowest cost possible. Seeing the cost-benefit factor, as competitiveness, expense preparation should be made to improve efficiency. In this study data were gathered from a vehicle spare parts supplier. The data collected from this firm's accounting departments and other divisions were used to analyze PAF and the Quality Ratio Analysis model, quality costs, system review, calculation of production prices, and monitoring method. As a result, the company's management program has been calculated not to be effective in calculating the company's production costs according to the output assessments attributable to worker and machine costs. In this study it is concluded that the measurement and analysis of the company's quality costs should be given greater importance.

Examining the relationship between soft total quality management (TQM) aspects and employees' job satisfaction in “ISO 9001” Sudanese oil companies

PurposeSoft total quality management (TQM) aspects are the facets of TQM that mainly concern with the management of human resource in a way to achieve the results of employees' job satisfaction. Based on this approach, the objective of this research is to examine the relationship between the most popular five soft TQM aspects and employees' job satisfaction in “ISO 9001” certified Sudanese oil companies.Design/methodology/approachData were collected through questionnaires from employees across a total of five Sudanese oil companies owned by the government, and adopting an ISO-9001 quality program. The total population of the study consists of 1,505 permanent employees, while the sample size was 253 employees, determined by adopting a stratified random sampling technique. The multiple regression model was adopted for data analysis.FindingsThe results showed that the construct of soft TQM aspects including “top management commitment”, “employee empowerment”, “teamwork”, “training and education” and “employee involvement” explain 74% in the variance of employees' job satisfaction. Results showed positive association between soft TQM aspects and employees' job satisfaction at the 5% significance level. It was also found that each individual variable of the five soft TQM aspects has a significant positive association with employees' job satisfaction. Meanwhile, the results indicated that the most important soft TQM aspect in explaining the variability of employees' job satisfaction was the “employee empowerment” with the highest correlation coefficient (β) of (0.189).Practical implicationsThe study recommends that in order to achieve their primary goal of employees' satisfaction, HR practitioners within organizations adopting total quality programs should align their practice in such a way to enhance soft aspects of TQM. Policy makers and top management in order to gain long-term infrastructural benefits obtained from employees' job satisfaction should show a visible support to TQM programs and allocate necessary resources to train their staff in the quality management system that enhance their empowerment and involvement. The study also recommends that since soft aspects of TQM raise their job satisfaction, employees should support and conform to quality management systems within their organizations.Originality/valueThe paper focuses on soft TQM aspects’ practical implementation. The findings make a significant contribution by using ISO-certified governmental Sudanese oil companies and tested the hypothesized model entails the impact of soft TQM implementation and employees' job satisfaction.

In-Depth Analysis and Defect Reduction for Ethiopian Cotton Spinning Industry Based on TQM Approach

Competition is truly global. Higher product quality is required for a company to become more competitive both locally and in international markets. Any textile company basically competes on its reputation for quality, reliability, and capability of processes and costs of quality and delivery. Currently, most of textile industries in Ethiopia are suffering from quality-related problems due to high process variations. These problems include poor performance of manufacturing products in the export market, insufficient qualitative raw material supply, customer dissatisfaction, low productivity, and poor utilization of the resources. These problems led to the manufacturing of low-quality products with a high cost, and because of this, most of the Ethiopian textile companies in the country are not competitive and profitable. The main objective of this study is to examine the existing traditional models of quality and to introduce an improved and emerged quality measuring system based on a methodological approach by using six sigma total quality management tools and analyzed by STATA 14.0 software. The analytical findings show that the application of total quality management (TQM) programs, tools, and techniques has been expanded beyond the traditional quality concepts and has improved the acceptable quality level of the product by 57.96% with a low cost.

Human Resource Abilities and Skills in TQM for Sustainable Enterprises

Total quality management (TQM) is a lean manufacturing tool that focuses on ensuring the production of goods that meet design specifications and give customer satisfaction, both attractive benefits highly appreciated by managers. However, there are several factors involved in the success of TQM programs, many of which are cultural aspects associated with human resources (HR). This article presents a structural equation model that integrates three latent variables related to internal HR: “managerial commitment,” “employee integration,” and “training and education,” which are linked to the operational benefits of a manufacturing system. The variables are connected through six hypotheses that have been validated with information obtained from 398 responses of a questionnaire applied to manufacturing industry professionals. In addition, a sensitivity analysis was carried out to describe the probabilities of occurrence for the variables at low and high levels. The hypotheses were statistically validated with the partial least squared technique, where the results showed that human factors play an essential role in the success of TQM, since the direct, indirect, and total effects of managerial commitment, employee integration and training, and education processes on the benefits obtained from the implementation of TQM were statistically significant at 95% confidence.

Barriers to the Success of Total Quality Management Implementation in Vietnam's Textile and Garment Companies

Vietnam is classified as one of the five largest textile and garment exporters in the world. With its ambition to engage more effectively in the global textile and garment supply chains, Vietnam's textile and garment enterprises have been implementing total quality management (TQM) programs in order to improve their product and service quality. However, many of Vietnam's textile and garment enterprises are facing barriers to successful TQM implementation. The objective of this study is to empirically examine these barriers to TQM faced by Vietnam's textile and garment enterprises and to compare the results with previous studies conducted with U.S. and Mexican businesses. The results of this study indicate five barriers to Vietnam's textile and garment enterprises' successful TQM implementation. Among these five barriers, the common barrier shared by Vietnamese, US and Mexican businesses is that employees are resistant to change. Managerial implications and future research directions are discussed.