Total Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Research Articles

Intervention effect of clinical nursing pathway on the contrast induced nephropathy in percutaneous coronary intervention patients

Objective To investigate the effect of clinical nursing pathway in prevention of contrast induced nephropathy in percutaneous coronary intervention patients. Methods A total of 118 cases of coronary heart disease patients who had undergo percutaneous coronary intervention in hospital from May 2018 to May 2019 were randomly divided into the intervention group (n=59) and the control group (n=59). Participants in the control group received routine nursing, while the intervention group carried out clinical nursing pathway nursing method. The renal index such as serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, urine β2 microglobulin, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosidase (NAG) were compared before and after intervention between two groups, the incidence of CIN were also compared. Meanwhile, the psychology status and sleep quality was assessed by self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), self-rating depression scale (SDS) and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), respectively. Results The 3rd day after the operation, serum creatinine, serum urea nitrogen, urine β2 microglobulin, NAG in the intervention group and control group were (81.06±15.60) μmol/L, (9.43 ± 2.73) mmol/L, (256.87 ± 18.99) μg/L, (19.56 ± 2.44) U/L and (87.87 ± 19.60) μmol/L, (10.55 ± 2.18) mmol/L, (270.45 ± 40.85) μg/L, (20.60 ± 2.13) U/L, respectively. The levels of serum creatinine, serum urea nitrogen, urine β2 microglobulin, NAG were significantly increased in the intervention group compared to the control group (t=2.087-2.464, P<0.05). The incidence of CIN in the intervention group were 3.4% (2/59) and 13.6% (8/59) in the control group, the differences had statistical significance (χ2=3.933, P<0.05). In addition, the scores of SAS, SDS and sleep quality, sleep time, sleep duration, daytime function and total PSQI score were (44.71 ± 8.20), (41.36 ± 6.52), (0.78 ± 0.11), (1.02 ± 0.15), (1.20 ± 0.19), (0.97 ± 0.27), (6.42 ± 0.54), those index were (48.85 ± 6.52), (46.49 ± 8.29), (1.03 ± 0.21), (1.23 ± 0.28), (1.44 ± 0.30), (1.30 ± 0.28), (7.79 ± 0.69), the differences had statistical significance (t=3.033-12.016, P<0.05). Conclusion Clinical nursing pathway can improve renal function, reduce the incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy, and improve psychological status and sleep quality of percutaneous coronary intervention patients. Key words: Clinical nursing pathway; Interventional cardiovascular therapy; Contrast induced nephropathy; Renal function

Factors associated with poor sleep quality in the Korean general population: Providing information from the Korean version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index

BackgroundRecently, studies have been conducted to address the research gap in the understanding of poor-quality sleep and its relationship to health outcomes, through the evaluation of sleep quality. The aim of this study was to provide information regarding poor sleep quality based on a nationwide general population sample in Korea. MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study using data from a nationwide sample of 165,193 individuals (males: 44%) aged 19 years or older from the 2018 Korea Community Health Survey. The age range of the participants was 19–107 years (mean: 55.3 ± 17.5). The Korean version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used for assessing sleep quality. Poor sleep quality was defined as a total PSQI score of >5. ResultsThe overall prevalence of poor sleepers was 41.0% (males: 35.6%; females: 46.2%). Poor sociodemographic status (illiteracy, low income, and unemployment), poor health behaviors (smoking, high-risk drinking, diabetes, hypertension, non-participation in walking, and obesity), and poor mental health (perceived poor health status, stress, depressive symptoms, and subjective cognitive decline) were all associated with poor sleep quality in both males and females. LimitationsAs this study relies on self-reported and cross-sectional data, causal inferences cannot be made. ConclusionsPoor sleep quality is highly prevalent in females. In addition, poor socio-demographic status, poor health behaviors, and poor mental health were associated with poor sleep quality. The mechanisms underlying sex differences in sleep quality remain to be elucidated, and further studies are required to address this.

Sleep Quality and Depression in Vitiligo Patients

Aim: Vitiligo is a common disorder that has not only dermatological but also psychological consequences. The aim of this study was to compare depression and sleep quality of vitiligo patients with healthy control group. Methods: In this cross-sectional case-control study, patients admitted to the Dermatology Clinic of Skin and Venereal Diseases Department of Hitit University Erol Olçok Education and Research Hospital between August 2018 and August 2019 were compared with healthy control group. The study included 67 patients and 69 control group participants who were matched for age, sex, marriage status, and education level. The subjects were asked to complete a sociodemographic data form, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Results: The median total Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score was higher in the patient group compared with the control group. The median scores for subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, and sleep disturbance were also higher in the patient group compared with the control group. A family history of vitiligo was present in 18 (26.9%) patients. The most common type was acrofacial vitiligo, which was present in 29 (43.3%) patients. Conclusions: Increased probability levels of depression and impaired sleep quality in vitiligo patients suggest that psychiatric evaluation and treatment should be provided for vitiligo patients as a part of a multidisciplinary approach in order to increase the success of the treatment. Keywords: Vitiligo, depression, sleep quality

The effect of OSAS risk, excessive daytime sleepiness, insomnia severity and sleep quality on dry eye syndrome

The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between sleep disturbances and dry eye syndrome (DES). 201 patients with DES were included in this study. Tear fluid break-up time (TBUT) and Schirmer I tests were performed. Patients with DES filled out Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire. The respondents completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and the STOP-Bang questionnaire. OSDI, PSQI, ISI and ESS were recorded and compared within DES severity. The study population consisted of 87.6% (n = 176) female with age 52.33 ± 14.49 (18–80) years. The total ESS score was significantly correlated with the OSDI score (p = 0.045), although the ESS total score was not statistically correlated with the Schirmer I test and TBUT test scores (p = 0.239, p = 0.463). A positive correlation was identified between the total ISI score and the OSDI score (p = 0.001). The total ISI score was negatively correlated with the Schirmer I test and TBUT test scores (p = 0.003, p = 0.001). The total PSQI score was positively correlated with the OSDI score (p < 0.0001), and the total PSQI score was negatively correlated with the Schirmer I test and TBUT test scores (both p < 0.0001). The total STOP-Bang score was not statistically correlated with the OSDI score, or the Schirmer I test and TBUT test scores (p = 0.105, p = 0.399, p = 0.061, respectively). A relationship was found between DES and sleep disorders based on subjective questionnaires. Our finding suggests that the treatment of DES and sleep disorders with a multidisciplinary approach will lead to an increase in the quality of life of patients.

Effect of multidisciplinary team-based precise nursing on fatigue-pain-sleeping disorder symptom cluster of lung cancer patients undergoing hemotherapy

Objective To investigate the effect of multidisciplinary team-based precise nursing on fatigue-pain-sleeping disorder symptom cluster of lung cancer patients received chemotherapy. Methods A total of 110 lung cancer patients who received chemotherapy were randomly divided into study group (55 cases) and control group (55 cases) . The control group received routine nursing, while the study group carried out multidisciplinary team-based precise nursing. The degree of fatigue, pain and sleeping disorder was assessed by Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory-20 (MFI-20), Brief Pain Inventory-Chinese version (BPI-C) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), respectively. Results Before intervention, the scores of fatigue, pain and sleep quality showed no significant difference (P>0.05). After intervention, the scores of physical fatigue, psychological fatigue, mental fatigue and total fatigue in MFI-20 were 17.78±3.96, 8.02±1.58, 10.19±2.01, 35.98±4.96 in the study group; the scores of pain right now, pain at least in the 24 hours, pain at worst in the 24 hours and pain on the average in BPI-C were 3.76±0.53, 2.15±0.39, 4.11±0.77, (2.72±0.43) in the study group; the scores of the habitual sleep efficiency, sleep latency, subjective sleep quality, sleep duration, sleep disturbances, daytime dysfunction, use of sleeping medication scores and total scores in PSQI were 0.96±0.20, 1.66±0.27, 1.74±0.36, 1.58±0.22, 1.12±0.21, 1.70±0.30, 1.45±0.28, 10.20±0.61 in the study group. However, those scores were 18.84±2.99, 9.15±1.95, 11.06±3.71, 39.05±5.28 and 5.42±1.18, 3.58±0.59, 6.18±1.44, 3.85±0.78 and 1.12±0.19, 1.74±0.27, 1.91±0.25, 1.66±0.46, 1.33±0.32, 1.75±0.29, 1.33±0.42, 10.85±0.70 in the control group. The scores of psychological fatigue, total fatigue, pain right now, pain at least in the 24 hours, pain at worst in the 24 hours, pain on the average and habitual sleep efficiency, subjective sleep quality, sleep disturbances and total PSQI scores were all significantly decreased in the study group compared to the control group (t values were 2.815-14.873, P<0.01). Conclusion Multidisciplinary team-based precise nursing can alleviate fatigue-pain-sleeping disorder symptom cluster of lung cancer patients during received chemotherapy. Key words: Multidisciplinary team; Precise nursing; Lung cancer; Chemotherapy; Symptom cluster

Effects of Viola odorata as an Add-On Therapy on Insomnia in Patients with Obsession or Depression: A Pilot Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Objective: The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of Viola odorata extracted syrup on the quality and patterns of sleep in patients with depression or obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) as add-on therapy. Design: A pilot double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial. Settings/Location: Psychiatric Clinic of Imam Hossein Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Subjects: Participants were 16-15 years of age with mild and moderate depression or OCD having insomnia. Interventions: This pilot study was conducted on patients with insomnia divided into two groups with depression (40 patients) or OCD (43 patients). Each group randomly assigned into two arms with the same conditions at baseline. The intervention arm daily received 5 mL V. odorata syrup every 12 h for 4 weeks, and the control arm received 5 mL placebo syrup every 12 h for 4 weeks. None of the participants was deprived of their routine treatment for depression or OCD. Outcome measures: The scores of insomnia symptoms were evaluated using total score of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the scores of its components, the depression score using the final Beck depression inventory-II (BDI-II) score, and OCD score using the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (YBOCS). Results: The total PSQI score was found to be improved significantly in the intervention arms with depression or OCD (p < 0.001) compared with the corresponding control arms. Significant improvements were also observed in the final mean difference of BDI-II (p = 0.009) and YBOCS (p = 0.001) scores in the intervention arms. Conclusions: V. odorata syrup significantly improved insomnia symptoms and the scores of depression and OCD.

Sleep quality in medical students: a comprehensive meta-analysis of observational studies.

Poor sleep quality is common in medical students and is associated with a number of negative health outcomes. However, the prevalence estimates of poor sleep quality in medical students vary widely across studies. We thus conducted a meta-analysis of the prevalence of poor sleep quality and its mediating factors in medical students. A systematic literature search of PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Medline Complete was performed. The random-effects model was used to analyze the pooled prevalence of poor sleep quality and its 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A total of 57 studies with 25,735 medical students were included. The pooled prevalence of poor sleep quality was 52.7% (95% CI: 45.3% to 60.1%) using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The pooled mean total PSQI score across 41 studies with available data was 6.1 (95% CI: 5.6 to 6.5). Subgroup analyses found that PSQI cutoff value and study region were associated with the prevalence of poor sleep quality (P = 0.0003 VS. P = 0.005). Across the continents, poor sleep quality was most common in Europe, followed by the Americas, Africa, Asia, and Oceania. Meta-regression analyses found that smaller sample size (slope = - 0.0001, P = 0.009) was significantly associated with higher prevalence of poor sleep quality. Poor sleep quality is common among medical students, especially in Europe and the Americas continets. Due to the negative health outcomes, regular screening of poor sleep quality and effective interventions are needed for medical students.

Assessment of sleep quality of patients with panic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder during remission: a case-control study

Abstract Background Sleep disorders are common in psychiatric diseases. Panic disorder (PD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) are two major anxiety disorders that are associated with sleep disorders. Objective We hypothesized that poor sleep quality continues in PD and GAD during remission. Therefore, in this study we aimed to compare the sleep quality of patients with PD and GAD to that of healthy controls. Methods The study included patients with PD (n = 42) and GAD (n = 40) who had been in remission for at least 3 months and healthy control volunteers (n = 45). The patients were administered the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Results The total PSQI scores of the GAD group were significantly increased in comparison to those of the PD (p = 0.009) and control (p < 0.001) groups. The rate of poor sleep quality in GAD during remission (77.5%) was greater than that of the PD (47.6%) and control (51.1%) groups (p = 0.011). Discussion GAD is a chronic and recurrent disease. In this study, it was found that the deterioration in sleep quality of patients with GAD may continue during remission. In the follow-up and treatment of patients, it is appropriate to question about sleep symptoms and to plan interventions according to these symptoms.

Hypertension and insomnia

Insomnia is frequently detected in patients with arterial hypertension (AH): from 19% to 47.9% of all cases according to epidemiological studies. On the other hand, the frequency of hypertension in patients with insomnia ranges from 21.4% to 50.2%, whereas in patients without insomnia, from 11.0% to 41.8%. In single studies in which patients with insomnia underwent ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), these patients showed higher nocturnal blood pressure levels. Recent data suggests that insomnia is also a risk factor for hypertension. Among the pathogenetic mechanisms explaining the relationship between hypertension and insomnia, an increase in the activity of the main neuroendocrine stress systems, sympatho - adrenal and hypothalamic - pituitary - adrenal, and the frequent presence of concomitant anxiety disorders are discussed. To determine the sleep quality in patients with insomnia, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) is most often used, patients with hypertension in a number of studies had higher total PSQI score compared to individuals with normal blood pressure. PSQI score correlates with systolic and diastolic blood pressure level, as well as with the presence of non - dipper blood pressure profile. Both hypertension and insomnia are associated with impaired cognitive functions. However, the relationship between cognitive impairment and insomnia is rather contradictory, which is most associated with the methodology for assessing cognitive functions and differences in the initial clinical and demographic characteristics of the examined patient population.

Relationship between sleep quality and physical activity level in patients with ankylosing spondylitis

Introduction: Aim of this study was to investigate whether there is a relationship between exercise level and sleep quality in AS patients.Method: In our study, 150 AS patients and 80 healthy controls were included. Physical activity levels of both groups were evaluated using International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-s) short form. Sleep quality of the participants was evaluated using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Disease activity and functional status were measured by Bath AS Disease Activity Index and Bath AS Functional Index.Results: Subjective sleep quality, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbance and Total PSQI scores were significantly higher in the patient group compared to healthy participants. The IPAQ score was found to be significantly lower in the patient group. Sleep disturbance, one of the components of PSQI, was found to be significantly higher in patients with low IPAQ score.Conclusions: Sleep disorders were found to be higher in AS patients than normal population and physical activity levels of AS patients were lower than normal population. In addition, Sleep disturbance was found to be high in patients with low physical activity. Therefore, it should be remembered that one of the causes of sleep disorders in AS patients may be related to low physical activity.

Placebo effect of acupuncture on insomnia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Acupuncture is a common alternative therapy for clinical treatment of insomnia. As the underlying mechanism is yet unclear, its efficacy is often considered as placebo effect. To clarify whether acupuncture treatment of insomnia is only due to its placebo effect, a systematic review and a meta-analysis were designed based on the comparison between acupuncture and sham acupuncture. Four English (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and The Cochrane Library) and three Chinese (CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang) databases were searched, and the validity of the eligible studies was critically appraised. Thirteen eligible randomized controlled trials of moderate-to-high quality that employed polysomnography (PSG), actigraphy, or self-assessment sleep quality tools were included in the present study. A meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) as the primary outcome measure (911 adult patients, 13 trials) for trials investigating the effects of acupuncture as compared to the sham acupuncture. Then, a subgroup analysis was performed to detect the sources of heterogeneity, identify the selection of sham acupuncture methods and different crowd characteristics, and explore its contributions to the total score change of PSQI. Compared to the sham groups, acupuncture significantly decreased the PSQI score (P<0.0001). A subgroup analysis showed that the selection of sham acupuncture methods did not affect the results of PSQI. A subgroup of two trials with a total of 141 participants with major depressive disorder did not show any significant reductions in total PSQI scores (P=0.11). In addition, a significant difference was detected in the change of Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) scores (362 adult patients, 4 trials) between acupuncture and sham acupuncture (P<0.0001). The PSG and actigraphy data from acupuncture and the sham did not reveal any significant differences in the sleep structure changes. Acupuncture treatment of insomnia is efficacious, not because of its placebo effect. For the selection of sham acupuncture, both methods performed similarly in a clinical setting. Moreover, insomnia patients with major depression disorder were not recommended to use only acupuncture treatment.

The Effect of Sleep Hygiene and Sleep Deterioration on Quality of Life in Shiftworking Healthcare Professionals.

Deterioration in sleep quality and sleep hygiene may result in impairments on mental and physical health leading to deterioration of quality of life (QoL) in healthcare shift workers. We aimed to determine the presence of sleep deterioration as well as poor sleep hygiene, and if any, the effects of these on health-related outcomes. This study prospectively included healthcare professionals who did and did not work shifts (n=90 and n=66, respectively). The participants completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Sleep Hygiene Index (SHI), Epworth Daytime Sleepiness Scale (EDSS), Short Form-36 quality of life scale (SF-36), and the Beck depression (BD) and Beck anxiety (BA) scales. Although the total PSQI scores showed a tendency to increase in shift workers, no significant differences were observed in total scores as well as subdivisions, except for an increase in sleep latency. Increased SHI total score in shift workers were represent more deteriorated sleep hygiene behavior (p=0.002). Increased needs of daytime nap, variability of both go and get out of bed and stay in bed longer than usual were recorded respectively (p: 0.001, p: 0.001, p: 0.001, p: 0.001, p: 0.001). SHI had prominent effects on QoL parameters such as vitality (r=-0.284, p=0.007), social function (r=-0.323, p=0.002), mental health (r=-0.274, p=0.009), and calculated mental component total score (r=-0.302, p=0.004). In our study, we clearly detected prolonged sleep latency and poor sleep hygiene in shift workers which should be responsible for the deterioration of QoL.

Evaluation of the sleep quality of patients admitted to the internal medicine outpatient clinic

AIM: This study aimed to determine the sleep quality and the factors affecting sleep quality in patients admitted to the internal medicine outpatient clinic. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted between July 1, 2019, and July 15, 2019, with a face-to-face questionnaire administered to the patients who applied to the internal medicine outpatient clinic of Harran University. A descriptive questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) were used in the study. RESULTS: One-hundred and twelve (48.0%) male and 121 (51.9%) female patients with a mean age of 38.5 ± 16.3 years (18–86 years) were included in the study. The total PSQI mean was 4.9 ± 3.0 and the score range was 0–15. The rate of those with poor sleep quality was 48.9%. The mean score of ESS was 5.0 ± 3.6, and 12 (30%) patients admitted to the outpatient clinic experienced excessive sleepiness during the day. Gender of the participants (P = 0.800), income level (P = 0.113), the size of the house they were living in (P = 0.783), body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.491), and comorbid diseases (P = 0.803) did not affect the sleep quality; the number of people living in the same house affected the sleep quality (P CONCLUSION: We found that almost half of the patients admitted to the internal medicine outpatient clinic had poor sleep quality. We also found that as the number of people living in the same home decreases, sleep quality deteriorates.

Quality of Sleep in Patients with Cancer: A Cross-sectional Observational Study.

Background:Insomnia and poor sleep quality are common problems in patients with cancer. It interferes with the coping ability, symptoms, and treatment outcomes. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) is a reliable, valid instrument to assess the quality of sleep in patients with cancer.Patients and Methods:The study was conducted at the department of medical oncology of a tertiary cancer care center. Consecutive eligible participants were recruited and evaluated for sleep quality using PSQI questionnaire. The questionnaire was administered only once with the questions evaluating to the quality of sleep over the last 1 month. A PSQI total score of ≤5 was suggestive of good quality of sleep and a score of >5 was indicative of poor quality of sleep.Results:Ninety-two consecutive consenting cancer patients admitted for chemotherapy participated in the study. Thirty-one (33.7%) patients had early cancer and 35 (38%) patients had Stage IV metastatic disease. Thirty-six (39.1%) patients reported sleep of <6 h and 30 (32.6%) patients had impaired functioning during day due to sleepiness. Fifty-three (57.6%) patients had poor total PSQI score, of which 39 (73.5%) were female and 14 (26.5%) were male. The study showed no correlation of the PSQI scores with the stage of the disease, and the prior treatment received.Conclusions:The study showed that Indian cancer patients have short sleep duration and poor quality of sleep. A higher prevalence of sleep disturbances was seen among female cancer patients. PSQI questionnaire can be a cost-effective way of screening cancer patients for poor quality of sleep.

The association of stress with sleep quality among medical students at King Abdulaziz University.

Objective:This study aims to determine the prevalence and the association of stress with sleep quality among medical students at King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.Methods:A cross-sectional study was done among 326 medical students of KAU using a stratified random sampling technique. An electronic self-administered questionnaire was used. Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used to assess the stress and sleep quality, respectively.Results:The overall students who experienced stress were 65%. The prevalence of poor sleep quality (total PSQI score ≥5) was 76.4%. There was a strong association between stress and poor sleep quality (value of Cramer's V = 0.371, P < 0.001), and it showed that the increase in stress level is a significant predictor of poor sleep quality.Conclusion:A high prevalence of stress and poor sleep quality was found among the students and the study confirms a strong association between them. We recommend establishing courses focusing on educating the students about proper sleep hygiene and how to deal with the stressful environment.

Association of mobile phone overuse with sleep disorder and unhealthy eating behaviors in college students of a medical university in Guangzhou

To investigate the association of mobile phone use with sleep disorder and unhealthy eating behavior among college students of a medical university in Guangzhou. Mobile Phone Involvement Questionnaire (MPIQ), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire Revised 21 Item (TFEQ-R21) were used to survey 2122 undergraduates of the medical university. One-sample t test, One-way ANOVA and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Age, body mass index (BMI), phone use before sleep, phone use frequency, sleep quality (assessed by total PSQI score) and the dimension scores of TFEQ-R21 for uncontrolled eating, cognitive restraint, and emotional eating were all significantly correlated with the total score of MPIQ (P < 0.05). Phone use before sleep, high frequency of mobile phone use, poor sleep quality and emotional eating were associated with high MPIQ scores, while lower cognitive restraint and emotional eating tendency were correlated with lower scores of MPIQ. Bivariate analysis revealed that age (r=0.088, P < 0.001), BMI (r=0.055, P < 0.05), PSQI scores (r=0.204, P < 0.001), TFEQ-UE scores (r=0.199, P < 0.001), TFEQ-CR scores (r=-0.076, P < 0.001), TFEQ-EE scores (r=0.170, P < 0.001), phone use before sleep (r=0.429, P < 0.001), and phone use frequency (r=0.316, P < 0.001) were all significantly correlated with MPIQ scores; multiple linear regression analysis showed that model 4 incorporating the scores of TFEQ-UE, TFEQ-CR, and TFEQ-EE explained up to 21.8% of the main effect (adjusted R2= 21.5%). Mobile phone overuse is associated with poor sleep quality and unhealthy eating behaviors, and education and interventions for mobile phone use is essential among college students.

Sleep duration and quality in relation to semen quality in healthy men screened as potential sperm donors

BackgroundShort sleep duration and poor sleep quality are increasingly prevalent in modern society and may be associated with impaired semen quality, yet studies are inconclusive. ObjectivesTo investigate the reproducibility of semen quality parameters among 842 healthy men screened as potential sperm donors and explore the associations of sleep duration and quality with repeated measures of semen quality parameters. MethodsWe assessed sleep duration (night sleep and daytime napping) and sleep quality using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) among 842 healthy men screen as potential sperm donors. We examined sleep characteristics in relation to repeated measurements (n = 5601) of semen parameters using linear mixed-effects models. ResultsHigh degrees of within-individual variability were found for total and progressive sperm motility with intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.20 and 0.22, respectively; while fair-to-good reproducibilities were observed for sperm volume, concentration, and total count (ICC = 0.54, 0.62, and 0.50, respectively). Compared to men with total sleep duration of 8.0–8.5 h/day (h/d), men who slept less than 6.0 h/d and higher than 9.0 h/d had lower sperm volume of 12% [95% confidence interval (CI): −22%, −0.68%] and 3.9% (95% CI: −7.3%, −0.44%), respectively. Compared to men with night sleep duration of 7.5–8.0 h/d, men who slept less than 6.0 h/d had lower total and progressive sperm motility of 4.4% (95 CI:−8.4%, −0.24%) and 5.0% (95% CI: −9.2%, −0.48%), respectively. Compared to men who reported good sleep quality (total PSQI score ≤5.0), those reporting poor sleep quality (total PSQI score >5.0) had lower total sperm count, total motility, and progressive motility of 8.0% (95% CI: −15%, −0.046%), 3.9% (95% CI: −6.2%, −1.5%), and 4.0% (95% CI: −6.5%, −1.4%), respectively. ConclusionsBoth long and short sleep duration and poor sleep quality were associated with impaired semen quality parameters. The high within-individual variability of total and progressive sperm motility suggests that a single measurement may result in a moderate degree of classification error.

Prevalence of Poor Sleep Quality in Nursing Staff: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

ABSTRACT Objective: Poor sleep quality is common in nursing staff. This meta-analysis aimed to examine the pooled prevalence of poor sleep quality in nursing staff. Methods: A systematic search in PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases was performed. Studies that reported sleep quality measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were synthesized using a random-effects model. Results: Fifty-three studies were analyzed. The pooled prevalence of poor sleep quality was 61.0% (95% CI: 55.8–66.1%). The pooled total PSQI score was 7.13 ± 0.18 (95% CI: 6.78–7.50). The pooled component scores were 1.47 ± 0.20 (95% CI of mean score: 1.08–1.85) in sleep latency, 0.91 ± 0.15 (95% CI of mean score: 0.61–1.21) in sleep duration, 1.59 ± 0.13 (95% CI of mean score: 1.35–1.84) in overall sleep disturbances, 0.33 ± 0.18 (95% CI of mean score: 0-0.67) in sleeping medication, 1.21 ± 1.20 (95% CI of mean score: 0.83–1.60) in daytime dysfunction, 1.39 ± 0.14 (95% CI of mean score: 1.11–1.67) in subjective sleep quality, and 0.66 ± 0.11 (95% CI of mean score: 0.44–0.87) in habitual sleep efficiency. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses found that PSQI cutoff values, mean age, body mass index (BMI), sample size, study quality, and work experience moderated the prevalence of poor sleep quality. Conclusions: Poor sleep quality appears to be common in nursing staff. Considering its negative impact on health, effective measures should be taken to improve poor sleep quality in this population. Longitudinal studies should be conducted to examine the contributing factors of nurses’ poor sleep quality.

Sleep disturbances and affecting factors in young children with food allergy and their mothers

ObjectiveTo examine sleep patterns and sleep disturbance of children with food allergy (FA) and their mothers. MethodsThe food allergy group included 71 children with mean age, 2.97±1.52 years, and 58 control children were recruited the study. Mothers of children completed the Childhood Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) and The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) in order to evaluate sleep disturbance in both children and themselves. Depressive symptomatology of mothers of children with or without food allergy was assessed with Beck-Depression Inventory II (BDI-II). ResultsThe mean total scores of CSHQ was 49.33±7.93 (range=31–68) in the FA and 42.39±6.43 (range=30–62) in controls. The total CSHQ scores were significantly higher in children with FA than in controls (p=0.002). The total PSQI score was significantly higher in mothers of children with FA than in mothers of children without FA (7.09±3.11 vs 5.15±2.59, p<0.001) indicating that the mothers of children with FA had worse sleep quality. The mothers of children with FA had more depressive symptoms than mothers of children without FA. The mean total scores of BDI-II were 10.10±6.95 in mothers of children with FA and 7.78±6.64 in mothers of children without FA (p=0.005). ConclusionThe presence of a food allergy in a child may be associated with a deterioration in sleep quality in children and mothers as well as increased depressive symptoms in mothers.

Sleep coaching: non-pharmacological treatment of non-restorative sleep in Austrian railway shift workers

Sleep coaching by Holzinger & Klösch™ is a new, Gestalt therapy-based holistic approach to non-pharmacological treatment of non-restorative sleep. It includes psychotherapeutic aspects which enable participants to improve their sleep quality by developing their own coping strategies as a daily routine. Dream work and relaxation techniques are also part of the programme. The aim of this study was to measure the effectiveness of a two-day sleep coaching seminar on sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, and work and life quality in shift workers employed in an Austrian railway company (Österreichische Bundesbahnen, ÖBB). Thirty shift workers (28 male; mean age=24±45.90, age range 24-56 years) answered the same survey before and six months after the seminar (baseline and follow-up) containing items of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), their chronotype, personality factors, and burnout risk factors. The baseline findings in this group were compared with those of non-completers (who did not take the follow-up survey) (N=154) to see if the two groups differed significantly enough to create a bias among completers (who took the follow-up survey as well). Groups differed significantly in burnout levels as well as sleep duration, but not in the distribution of critical PSQI and ESS values. The two-day sleep coaching seminar resulted in a significant improvement in total PSQI score and subjective sleep quality and in a significant reduction in diurnal fatigue, sleep latency, and daytime sleepiness. Nevertheless, more research with a larger sample and a longitudinal design is needed to establish the long-term effects of sleep coaching.