Total Length Weight Relationship Research Articles

Biological and environmental aspects of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in the Jatibarang Reservoir, Central Java

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is an invasive fish species in Indonesia. A study on biological aspects is expected to be used as an assessment to implement fisheries mitigation, restoration, and enhancement. This study aimed to analyze the environmental conditions, biological aspects of the sex ratio, total length-weight relationship, maturity stages, and tilapia fecundity in the Jatibarang Reservoir. Fish samples were collected four times in July-October 2020 using gill nets (mesh size of 3 inches). The sampling sites were 2 stations located in Jatibarang Reservoir. Environmental parameters were measured, including water temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen. Fish were measured for total length, weighed for gonads, and total weight. Water temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen ranged from 28.0-31.9 oC, 6.41-6.70, and 6.04-7.39 mg/l, respectively. The sex ratio of tilapia was 1:1.9 (females: males). Total length ranged from 95 to 349 mm, and total weight ranged from 13 to 798 g. The growth pattern of tilapia was positive allometric. The condition factor of male and female fish was 0.94-1.16 and 0.95-1.21, respectively. 36.8% of the female fishes were ripe stage (IV), and 65.8% of the male fishes were immature stage (I). The fecundity ranged from 28 to 7,852 eggs.

Ege Denizi‘nde Dağılım Gösteren Echelus myrus (Linnaeus, 1758) Türünün Üreme Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi

Çalışmada Ildır Körfezi, Çeşme (Ege Denizi)‘nin üç farklı bölgesinden Mart-Nisan 2018 tarihlerinde ticari trol teknesi ile elde edilen Echelus myrus (Linnaeus, 1758) bireylerinin üreme özellikleri incelenmiştir. Örneklerde boy ve ağırlık değerleri sırasıyla; 55,5-97,0 (70,63±12,85) cm, 180,84-420,83 (276,50±70,50) g‘dır. Boy-ağırlık ilişkisi W=0.2936L1.61 (R2=0,96)‘dir. Fekondite; 25563-55016 (41811±9416) oosit olarak tespit edilmiş olup total boy-fekondite arasında F=658.54L-5603.9 (R2=0,86) şeklinde doğrusal bir ilişki saptanmıştır. Oosit çapları; 0,84-1,09 mm (0,95±0,06) olarak tespit edilmiştir.

Length-Weight Relationships with Condition Indices of Three Commercial Fish Species Caught by Monofilament Gillnets in the İskenderun Bay, Turkey

In this study, it was aimed to determine the length and weight relationships (LWRs) and Fulton’s condition factors (K) for three commercial fish species in İskenderun bay. For this purpose, tub gurnard (Chelidonichthys lucerne, Linnaeus, 1758), sand soles (Pegusa lascaris, Risso, 1810), and gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata, Linnaeus, 1758) were collected by a single artisanal fisherman during September- December months in 2016 by means of monofilament gill nets mesh size:28 mm) used at deepths 10-20 m in İskenderun bay. Totally 82 fish samples captured and total lengths and weights of they were measured to the nearest 0.01 cm and to 0.01 g. Minimum-maximum length and weight of caught fishes were determined as 14.0-24.5cm and 31.2-126.6g for C. lucerne, 18.5-25.55cm and 37.7-125.5g for P. lascaris, 14.5-26.6cm and 55.8-180.0g for S. aurata. Total length-weight relationships of three fish species were found as W=0.0837*TL2.28 for C. lucerne, W=0.0018*TL3.45 for P. lascaris, and W=0.0667*TL3.30 for S. aurata. Fulton’s condition factors were detected as 1.05±0.04 for C. lucerne, 0.72±0.01 for P. lascaris, and 2.00±0.10 for for S. aurata. Result of this study provides a contribution to parameterers of LWRs and K indices of economically important fish in this area and the current study will be useful in order to compare the stocks of similar species in different temporarily and spatially.

Growth characteristics of Uranoscopus scaber Linnaeus 1758, inhabiting the Iskenderun Bay (Northeastern Mediterranean)

This study aimed to determine the age and some growth characteristics of Atlantic stargazer (Uranoscopus scaber) from Iskenderun Bay (Northeastern Mediterranean). For this purpose, a total of 150 Atlantic stargazer ranging in size from 9.1 to 28.0 cm in total length (weight: 11.7–345.7 g) were collected as by-catch from a commercial trawl fishing boat at a depth of 80–100 m between May 2015 and January 2016. The bottom trawl gear used was equipped with a 44 mm stretched mesh size net at the cod-end. The percentage of females and males were 46.7% and 53.3% respectively. The total length–weight relationships equation with coefficient of determination (R2) were found as W = 0.011*TL3.131, R2 = .9728, for all individuals, W = 0.015*TL3.021, R2 = .9512 for females and W = 0.0102*TL3.136, R2 = .9553 for males. By using the von Bertalanffy equation, the growth parameters of Atlantic stargazer were estimated to be L∞ = 42.35 cm, k = 0.098, t0 = −1.8474 for all individuals; L∞ = 36.92 cm, k = 0.138, t0 = −1.2693 for females and L∞ = 38.77 cm, k = 0.1, t0 = −2.334 for males. In this study, age reading was done by two independent readers and index of average percentage error (IAPE) was calculated as 6.1%. The highest condition factor value calculated as 1.81 in the age group 6 and the lowest condition factor value was calculated as 1.48 in the age group 1.

Growth, mortality and length-weight relationship of the Bombay duck Harpadon nehereus (Ham. 1822) from North-eastern tip of the Bay of Bengal

The present study was conducted to investigate the growth parameters, length-weight relationshipand diverse mortality rates of Bombay duck Harpadon nehereus, from North-eastern tip of the Bay of Bengal.The length weight data were collected from January to December 2017 where a total number of 2054individuals of both sex were analyzed. The von Bertalanffy growth parameters, the asymptotic length L?(cm), the growth constant K (year-1) and t0 were estimated as 38.50, 0.88, and -0.0181 years respectively.The growth performance index (Ø?) was found to be 3.115. The total length and body weight (L-W)relationship was found as W=0.004 L3.021, indicating that the growth rate showed a positive allometricpattern (b=3.021>3). The annual fishing morality rate (F) was 1.89, whereas the natural mortality rate (M)was 1.51. The obtained value of the exploitation rate (E= 0.56) indicated that the said population was inover-exploited condition.

An osteometric approach to reconstruct the length and weight of Lutjanus argentiventris (Perciformes: Lujtanidae) for archaeological and ecological purposes

ABSTRACT Lutjanus argentiventris presents a large intertropical distribution within the Eastern Pacific, which is as important to fisheries now as it was in the pre-Hispanic period. The purpose of this article is to present an allometric model that enables the size and weight of L. argentiventris to be predicted, using the isolated bones found in archaeological and paleontological contexts or the stomach contents of ichthyophagous species. A modern collection of L. argentiventris from Ecuador was used, composed of 37 individuals covering a wide range of sizes and weights. The total length (TL), standard length (SL), and total fresh weight (W) of each individual was gathered. The TL of the sample ranged between 210 and 760 mm, the SL between 164 and 627 mm and the W ranged between 123 and 6550 g. The most frequent bones (15) and otoliths were chosen and 39 measurements were taken. The total length-weight relationship was W = 6E-06 TL3.1513 with R 2 = 0.997. In general, it was observed that the relationships between the TL and the bone measurements had a strong correlation (R² > 0.95). The allometric model will be useful not only for archaeologists but also for biologists working on historical ecology.

A Preliminary Study on The Determination of Reproductive Biology of European Pilchard, Sardina pilchardus (Walbaum, 1792) Distributed in The Aegean Sea

Sardina pilchardus is a multiple spawning fish, i.e., the species that spawns periodically during the spawning period. In order to examine the reproduction biology of the species, the specimens were obtained in the known spawning period indicated by the current literature obtained from fishers who were commercially fishing in December 2018 and January-February 2019. After the fork length and total length together with their weight measurements, the specimens were dissected in the laboratory. The adult females‘ gonads were then fixed in 4% formalin solution for fecundity. A total of 170 individuals was examined and the values of their fork length, total length and weight were computed as 9.7-13.4 cm (mean: 11.16±0.81), 10.5-15 cm (mean: 12.3±0.89), 8.06-23.7 g (mean: 12.7±2.93), respectively. 44 of the supplied specimens were male (25.9%), 122 female (71.8%) and 4 (2.3%) uncertain, thus, the female: male ratio was determined as 2.77:1. According to χ2 test results, a statistically significant difference was observed among individuals. For the specimens examined, the fork length-weight relationship was calculated as W = 0.0098FL2.96, while total length-weight relationship was W = 0.0071TL2.97. In order to calculate the fecundity, sub-samples were taken from the anterior, median and posterior parts of 15 ovaries in the ration of 2 - 5% of the ovary weight and the mature oocytes were counted. As a result, the species‘ fecundity was found to be between 4,600-9,800 (6,110±1,755). The relationship between total length and fecundity was computed as W= 1,640.7 TL-13,907 and a linear relationship was determined.

LENGTH-WEIGHT RELATIONSHIPS AND CONDITION FACTOR OF Umbrina cirrosa INHABITING NORTH-EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN SEA

In this study, total length-weight relationships and condition factor of shi drum ( Umbrina cirrosa ) were examined in the North-eastern Mediterranean Sea. Umbrina cirrosa individuals were captured by gillnets between May 2017- April 2018 at a depth of 15 m from Mersin Bay. A total of 218 (115 male and 103 female) U. cirrosa were collected. Minimum-maximum length and weight of caught fishes were determined as 13.5-26.7cm and 19.12-214.04g for females and 13.8-26.8cm and 21.48-201.75g for males respectively. Total length-weight relationships of U. cirrosa were found as W=0.0028*TL 3.42 , R 2 =0.989, SEb=0.024 for combined sexes, W=0.0029*TL 3.414 , R 2 =0.988, SEb=0.037 for females and W=0.0028*TL 3.423 , R 2 =0.998, SEb=0.031 for males. 95% Confidence intervals for b value for combined sexes were 3.371-3.466. According to b values, combined sexes, females and males showed a positive allometric growth (t-test: p<0.05). Condition factors were 0.923±0.063 for all specimens, 0.930±0.009 for females and 0.917±0.008.

A preliminary study on the traits of Chamelea gallina (Linnaeus, 1758) in the Gulf of Antalya, Mediterranean Coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea)

This study aimed to examine on some properties and to draw attention to why it cannot create an intensive stock amount of Chamelea gallina (Linnaeus, 1758) in the Gulf of Antalya in the Mediterranean coast of Turkey, Levantine Sea. Specimens of C. gallina displayed total shell legths of 6 to 32 mm, mean 14.5 mm and total weights of 0.1 to 11.44 g, mean 1.82 g. The total shell length and total weight relationship of C. gallina was calculated as TW =0.3333 * TSL 2.9894 (R² =0.9850). The mean meat yield was found as 12.10±0.9264%. A small number of C. gallina samples were collected. The majority of the collected striped venus were determined as empty shell. It was observed that the razorfish (Xyrichtys novacula) were fed with C. gallina during research. Finally, these results may draw attention the reasons why this species cannot form an intensive stock amount. It is thought that the empty shells of the striped venus can be caused from feeding of the razorfish (X. novacula) with C. gallina and environmental factor changes.Keywords: Chamelea gallina; length; weight; meat yield; mediterranean

Seagrass Halodule wrightii as a new habitat for the amphioxus Branchiostoma californiense (Cephalochordata, Branchiostomidae) in the southern Gulf of California, Mexico.

The first record of the amphioxus Branchiostoma californiense on seagrass patches of Halodule wrightii in the Gulf of California is reported. Sixty individuals (19 males, 18 females, and 23 undifferentiated) were collected in May 2017 at Bahía Balandra, Gulf of California, from subtidal seagrass patches at a depth of 0.5 m at low tide. The length and weight ranged from 15.88–28.44 mm and from 0.01–0.11 g for females and 11.7–27.9 mm and 0.01–0.09 g for males, respectively. The minimum size of sexually mature individuals was 11.70 mm for males and 15.88 mm for females; 62% of the specimens were sexually mature. Analysis of the total length-weight relationship suggested an allometric growth pattern among females, males and undifferentiated individuals, whereas an analysis of the entire sample suggested an isometric growth pattern. Typical and additional morphological characters were used to identify the amphioxi. High morphological variability between individuals was found, suggesting the presence of several morphotypes. Branchiostoma californiense had been previously reported as exclusively associated with bare sandy areas, but our study shows that this species can also be found in seagrass patches, using them as breeding and feeding grounds. Thus, seagrass patches are evidenced as suitable habitats for amphioxus.

Length-Weight Relationships of Four Fish Species from Qinzhou Harbor, Guangxi, China

This study determined the total length-weight relationships of the four fish species, Inegocia japonica, Gerres decacanthus, Sillago asiatica, and Evynnis cardinalis, belonging to four families. Fishes were collected using commercial trawls from Qinzhou harbor, China. Samples were collected quarterly from March to December 2017. Total length and weight of each specimen were recorded with an accuracy of 0.1cm and 0.1g, respectively. During the sampling period, a total of 111 fish individuals were collected and measured. The allometric coefficient (b) of length-weight relationship varied from 3.08 for Evynnis cardinalis, 3.17 for Inegocia japonica, 3.18 for Sillago asiatica and 3.19 for Gerres decacanthus. Growth was found as isometric for this four fish species.

Parámetros poblacionales y hábitos alimenticios del pargo mancha (Lutjanus guttatus) en el Área Marina de Pesca Responsable Paquera-Tambor, golfo de Nicoya, Costa Rica

El pargo mancha Lutjanus guttatus es una de las especies de peces de mayor importancia comercial capturada en el Golfo de Nicoya, que desde hace muchos años ha venido sufriendo una fuerte presión pesquera, principalmente, por la flota artesanal. De abril del 2015 a abril del 2016, se analizaron 1109 especímenes, con el fin de conocer algunos aspectos biológico pesqueros de la población que se distribuye en el Área Marina de Pesca Responsable Paquera-Tambor en este golfo. La relación longitud total-peso total indica que esta especie posee un crecimiento alométrico negativo; tal población está conformada por cuatro cohortes. La talla media de primera madurez sexual se estimó en 30 cm de longitud total y se determinaron dos periodos máximos de reproducción: el primero de mayo a agosto y el segundo de octubre a noviembre. Los parámetros de crecimiento estimados fueron L∞ = 65 cm de longitud total, K = 0,32 anual y to = -0,42. Las tasas de mortalidad estimadas fueron M = 0,68, F = 2,38; Z = 3,06 y E = 0,77, indicando esta última que la población se encuentra sobreexplotada. Los análisis de hábitos alimenticios sugieren que esta población es generalista con preferencias por crustáceos y peces.

A preliminary study of fecundity of whiting, Merlangius merlangus euxinus (Linnaeus, 1758) in coast of Tirebolu (Eastern Black Sea)

In this research, a preliminary study was carried out in January and February 2014 to determine the fecundity of the whiting species in Tirebolu, Eastern Black Sea. After the total length (cm) and weight (0.01 g) of the 70 fish specimens were measured in the laboratory, they were dissected for sex determination. Using the 20 ovaries at the third and fourth maturation stages, 3 sub-samples which is 2-5% of the total ovary weight (from the anterior, median and posterior parts of the ovary) were taken from each ovary to determine the fecundity, and hydrated oocytes were counted with gravimetric method. Total fecundity, total oocytes number in the ovary were computed with the formula F=(n×G)/g. The total length-weight values were 12.6-23.3 cm (mean 17.08±2.12) and 15.59-95.72 g (mean 41.07 ± 16.75), respectively, and total length-weight relationship was computed as W=0.0073L3.024 (R2=0.94) for the 70 fishes evaluated. Fecundity was computed as 3.247-30.534 (mean: 10.139±6.953) eggs and a linear relationship between fecundity and total length was calculated as F=0.0186L4.5631 (R2=0.70). In conclusion, the fecundity results of this prelaminar study were compared with similar studies on the whiting species from Black Sea and other seas.

Length-weight relationships of five fish species from the Nujiang River (Salween basin), southwest China

This study provides the total length–weight relationships (LWRs) for five fish species collected from the Nujiang River, southwest China. Samples were obtained in May 2015 and May 2016 using drift net and electroshock fishing techniques. A total of 502 specimens belonging to five fish species were analyzed; their LWRs were calculated. The five fish were Schizothorax nukiangensis, Akrokolioplax bicornis, Creteuchiloglanis kamengensis, Channa gachua and Glyptothorax trilineatus. Prior to this study, the length-weight relationship for S. nukiangensis is unknown to FishBase and new maximum lengths are recorded for A. bicornis and C. kamengensis.These results are useful for fishery research, conservation and management in the Nujiang River.

A study on age and growth characteristics of spiny gurnard (Lepidotrigla dieuzeidei Blanc &amp; Hureau, 1973), northeastern Mediterranean Sea

This study investigated the age and growth characteristics of spiny gurnard, Lepidotrigla dieuzeidei, from the northeastern Mediterranean. Samples were collected by commercial trawls during the 2012–2013 fishing seasons. A total 1,878 speciments ranged from 7.10 to 15.90 cm total length and 2.28–35.88 g in weight. Female/male ratio was 1.2/1. The total length–weight relationship was W = 0.002 TL3.579 (r² = .909) for sexes combined, W = 0.0021 TL3.551 (r² = .914) for males and W = 0.0019 TL3.602 (r² = .904) for females. Age determination was conducted using the sagittal otoliths. Ages of examined individulas ranged from 3 to 11 years. Total length-at-age data were fitted using the von Bertalanffy growth model. Estimated growth functions were TLt = 18.100 [1−e−0.14 (t + 0.63)] for sexes combined, TLt = 23.587 [1−e−0.08 (t + 1.56)] for males and TLt = 16.612 [1−e−0.19 (t + 0.15)] for females.

Length-weight relationships of two sympatric species (Knipowitschia byblisiaAhnelt, 2011 andK. caunosiAhnelt, 2011) in Köycegiz Lake, Turkey

This study provides basic information on length–weight relationships for Knipowitschia byblisia Ahnelt, 2011 and Knipowitschia caunosi Ahnelt, 2011, two endemic species of Köycegiz Lake Basin (Southern-West of Turkey). Samplings were carried out seasonally from 2014 to 2015 by means of beach seine nets with mesh sizes from 10 to 35 mm. A total of 343 individuals from the two fish species were examined, with more specimens belonging to K. byblisa (90.4%). The total length–weight relationships were calculated as: W = 0.0054 TL3.384for K. byblisia and W = 0.0058 TL3.417for K. caunosi, respectively.

Population Dynamics of Yellowtail Scad, Atule mate (Cuvier 1833) in Marudu Bay, Sabah, Malaysia

The yellowtail scad, Atule mate, forms important fisheries throughout the Indo-Pacific region. To know about the stock status of A. mate in Malaysia, various population parameters were measured, by utilizing length-frequency data, that included asymptotic length (L∞), growth coefficient (K), mortality rates (Z, F and M), exploitation level (E) and recruitment pattern of this species from Marudu Bay, Sabah, Malaysia. Total length and body weight relationship was estimated as W = 0.007TL3.148 (R2 = 0.937). The asymptotic length (L∞) and growth coefficient (K) were estimated 27.80 cm and 1.50 yr−1, respectively. Total mortality (Z), natural mortality (M) and fishing mortality (F) were found to be 4.53, 2.46 and 2.07 yr−1, respectively. The exploitation level (E) was estimated 0.46. It was showed that the recruitment pattern was continuous with two major peaks per year. Relative yield per recruit predicted a maximum exploitation rate (Emax) which was 0.55. The current E value (0.46) is lower than the optimum exploitation (E = 0.50) as well predicted Emax. Therefore, it could be concluded that stock of A. mate in the investigated area of Marudu Bay, Sabah is under exploited.

细鳞鲑F&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;池塘养殖生长特性研究

为探索养殖环境条件下细鳞鲑(Brachymystax lenok) 的生长特性，2016年3月28日至5月22日对养殖在自然水温(10℃~12℃)的1龄幼鱼进行了研究，测量幼体全长与体重，并用计算机软件SPSS和Excel对获得的数据进行处理分析。研究结果显示：在试验条件下，细鳞鲑全长和体重的瞬时生长率、全长和体重的日增长量，全长和体重的相对增长率，都呈升高–降低–升高–降低–升高的变化趋势，最高峰值出现在383日龄。细鳞鲑体重与日龄的关系为W = 0.4392e0.0121t (R2 = 0.9757)；全长与日龄的方程式为L = 4.4785e0.0035t (R2 = 0.9913)；体重与全长的方程式为W = 0.0027L3.4106(R2 = 0.9776)，其中异速生长系数b > 3，表明细鳞鲑1龄幼鱼为异速生长类型，体重的生长快于全长生长。 In order to understand the growth characters of F2 Brachymystax lenok culturing in ponds, expe-riments were conducted on the juvenile growth from 28th March to 22th May in 2016, under the condition of natural water temperature in the range of 10˚C and 12˚C. The juvenile growth of Brachymystax lenok body weight and length were measured. All the data were processed by Excel and SPSS software. The results showed that body weight’s instantaneous growth rate and body length’s instantaneous growth rate and body weight daily growth and body length daily growth presented the trend of rising-decreasing-rising-decreasing-rising, and the growth peak appeared in 383-day old. The relationship between body weight (W) and day-age (t) was showed in W = 0.4392e0.0121t (R2 = 0.9757). The relationship between the total length and day-age was obtained in L = 4.4785e0.0035t (R2 = 0.9913). The total length-weight relationship was W = 0.0027 L3.4106 (R2 = 0.9776). When b > 3, the growth was allometric, which showed that the growth of weight was faster than the length’s of juvenile.

Karasu Nehri’ndeki (Doğu Anadolu, Türkiye) Capoeta umbla’nın boy-ağırlık ve boy-boy ilişkileri

In this study, the length-weight relationships and length-length relationships were determined for shiraz barb ( Capoeta umbla (Heckel, 1843)) captured in the 15 different site of Karasu River (Tributary of Fırat River). A total of 407 specimens were catched by electroshocker, gill nets, trammel nets between October 2014 to September 2015. The total length-weight relationships were determined W=0.0113L 2.99 for females, W=0.0117L 2.84 for males and W=0.0115L 2.93 for all individuals. The types of growth for all individuals were negative allometric for C. umbla . Length-length relationships were determined as TL=0.734+1.084FL, FL=2.883+1.070SL and SL=-2.840+0.858TL.

Length-weight relationship and condition factor of bombay duck Harpadon nehereus from landings of fishery ghat, Chittagong

The current study describes the length-weight relationships and condition factor of Bombay duck, Harpadon nehereus from landings of Fishery Ghat, Chittagong. A total of 300 individuals caught by various mesh size of gill nets by commercial fishers were investigated from April 2016 to June 2016. On the basis of hypothetical cube law W=aLb, the variance of ‘b’ for both total length and standard length were estimated statistically (0.0090 and 0.0088 respectively). Using the value of t=1.96 at the 95% confidence limits for ‘b’ were estimated as 2.218 to 2.590 for total length-weight relationship and for standard length-weight relationship, 1.985 to 2.353 which indicated allometric growth pattern for both cases. The monthly relative condition factor during three months of observation (0.978, 1.033, and 1.097) showed no notable difference due to spawning strain, spent condition and lower feeding rate right after peak spawning season.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.3(2): 355-360, August 2016