Total Hip Surgery Research Articles

The role of cannabis on total hip and knee surgeries outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Cannabis refers to medications derived from the Cannabis plant. Cannabis has long been used to treat a wide range of conditions. The widespread legalization of cannabis has increased its use. This meta-analysis evaluates the effects of preoperative cannabis usage on TKA and THA outcomes and complications. This review follows CRD Guidance for Undertaking Reviews in Healthcare and PRISMA 2020 guidelines. On October 12, 2023, we extensively searched MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science. There were no time, place, or language restrictions. We also examined the references and citations in the included publications to find relevant research. We found 208 references in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and other databases. After reviewing all publications, we identified 18 references that match the requirements for further assessment. The odds ratios (ORs) for reoperation and readmission are 1.35 (95% CI: 0.69, 2.66, and p-value = 0.38), and 0.89 (95% CI: 0.41, 1.92, and p-value = 0.76). Inpatient morphine milligram equivalent (MME) and length of stay (LOS) have a mean difference (MD) of -1.71 (95% CI: -13.46, 10.05, and p-value = 0.78), and - 0.13 (95% CI: -0.33, 0.08, and p-value = 0.23). The MD of the VAS pain score 24-72h after surgery is 0.40 (95% CI: -0.07, 0.87, and p-value = 0.10). The odds ratio for PTE and DVT is 1.54 (95% CI: 0.1, 23.24, and p-value = 0.75), and 1.38 (95% CI: 1.08, 1.77, and p-value = 0.01), respectively. Cannabis users experienced significantly higher rates of DVT following THA and TKA. Our subgroup analysis found that cannabis users who underwent TKA had considerably higher rates of reoperation (p-value = 0.10) and readmission (p-value ≤ 0.01), while those who underwent THA had significantly lower rates of PTE. These findings highlight the need to include cannabis use as a risk factor in surgical planning and patient care protocols, and further studies are warranted. This study design and protocol were performed in accordance with the PRISMA Statement. The protocol was registered previously on PROSPERO CRD42024551078.

RAPID REHABILITATION ARTHROPLASTY PROTOCOL IN SAUDI ARABIA : REDUCING HOSPITAL STAY

Background: Fewstudies havefocused on patient characteristics that influence lengthof stay in fast-track total hip (THR) and kneearthroplasty (TKR). The aim of this retrospective studywas to identify patient characteristics associated withlength of stay and patient satisfaction after total hip and kneereplacement surgery. Patients and Methods: Between January 2023 toJune 2023,62 TKR patientswith a mean age of 67.6±11.8years and 12 THR with a mean age of 53.8±17.0wereadmitted at ourspecialized fast-track joint replacement unit. A single fellowship-trained surgeon operated on all patients.We did interviews with the patients before the operation and 6 weeks after surgery to collect pre and post-operative Oxford knee scores for TKRs and pre and post-operation Oxford hip scores for THRs. Results: A total of 62 TKR patients and 12 THR patients enrolled in our study. The mean age of TKR patients was 67.6±11.8years, and 44 subjects (71%) were female. The mean age of THR patients was 53.8 years±17.0, and 8 subjects (66.7%) were male. Mean of BMI was reported as 33.9±6.1 in TKR patients and 30.9±6.1 in THR patients. The Mean of ASA was 2.2±0.6 in TKR patients and 1.9±0.5 in THR patients. Length of stay in hospital was documented as 3.9±0.7 in TKR patients and 4.3±0.6 in THR patients.Most patients of have osteoarthritis, while rheumatoid arthritis was reported in TKR (n=3, 4.8%) and THR (n=1, 8.3%) patients. A significant length of stay was reported with increasing BMI and ASA score in TKR and THR patients. In Conclusion: The most common diagnosis for surgery was osteoarthritis, which usually affected womens right sides. Annual increases in the number of surgeries have been made, and Oxford ratings indicate that they have a very high success rate. The characteristics linked with a prolonged duration of stay after total hip or knee arthroplasty are significantly influenced by the case mix, particularly the BMI and ASA before surgery.

Prevalence and Impact of Unexpected Positive Intraoperative Cultures in Total Hip or Knee Revision Surgery

BackgroundOur aim was to evaluate the prevalence and impact of unexpected positive intraoperative cultures (UPICs) on the outcome of presumed aseptic total knee and hip revision surgery. MethodsData regarding patients who underwent elective total hip or knee revision surgery from January 2003 to July 2017 due to preoperatively presumed aseptic reasons was retrospectively reviewed. Partial revisions and patients who had follow-ups below 60 months were excluded from the study. In all surgeries, at least 3 intraoperative samples were taken for microbial culture. Failure was defined as the need for rerevision due to any cause at 5 years and/or the need for antibiotic suppressive therapy. Overall, 123 total hip and 431 total knee revisions were eligible for the study. All cases had at least a 5 years follow-up. ResultsThere were 420 cases (75.8%) that had all cultures negative, 108 (19.5%) had a single UPIC, and 26 (4.7%) had either ≥2 UPICs for the same microorganism or 1 UPIC for a virulent microorganism. This latter group was not associated with a significantly higher failure rate (2 of 26, 7.7%) compared to those in the aseptic group (54 of 528, 10.2%). Revisions performed within the first 24 months after primary implantation had a higher 5-years rerevision rate (19.3 versus 8.4%, P = .01), mainly attributable to aseptic causes. ConclusionsTotal hip and knee revisions with UPICs were not significantly associated with a higher rerevision risk at 5 years. Those revisions performed within the first 24 months after primary arthroplasty had a higher rate of any-cause failure.

Is there sufficient evidence to support the use of antibiotic holiday just before the second stage of an infected total hip or knee arthroplasty revision surgery?

The practice of implementing an antibiotic holiday before the second stage of hip or knee arthroplasty is currently controversial due to limited evidence for this approach, as per the International Consensus Meeting 2018 on Musculoskeletal Infection. A greater understanding of this issue could augment the quality of Alrayes and Sukeik's mini-review (2023) on diagnosing, managing, and treating periprosthetic knee infections. However, a significant lack of literature exists concerning the optimal duration for the antibiotic holiday, calling for more research before establishing any clinical guidelines.

Complications of Patients Who Underwent Total Hip Replacement Surgery According to Their Severity, Type, And Ct Findings

Background: Total hip replacement surgery can be defined as the most performed and successful surgeries in recent times. The use of computed tomography technology has greatly improved the accuracy of determining the condition of the hip joint. Objective: This study was aimed to determine and assess the complications and CT scan outcomes related to patients with total hip replacement surgery. Patients and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted which occurred in different hospitals in Iraq, recruiting 106 patients who had undergone total hip replacement surgery through February 8th, 2022, and August 16th, 2023. Clinical data were collected into patients who diagnosed under CT imaging where it was determined the status of the hip joint. The clinical and demographic characteristics were determined into male and female patients aged between 20 and over 50. Postoperative complications were diagnosed using CT scans.
 Additionally, this study was assessed the pain levels of patients through ten days after total hip surgery by (NRS) scale, which ranged between (0 – 10) where 0 can indicate no pain while 10 can indicate severe pain. Results: clinical results can indicate that most of the patients (41) with total hip replacement surgery were over 50 years old. The number of male patients was higher than that of female patients, with 70 and 36 patients, respectively. Osteoporosis was present in 34 patients, while fractures or dislocations of the hip joint were observed in 28 patients. In this study, 51.89% of participants were smokers. The most common symptoms reported were stiffness (27 cases), pain (20 cases), and limping (24 cases). The most prevalent concomitant diseases were hypertension (42 patients) and diabetes (32 patients). The study found that the most common complications after surgery, as recorded by a CT scan, were infections (5 cases), blood clots (3 cases), and bleeding (3 cases), with a mortality rate of only 4 cases. Pain scores of patients were assessed within ten days after surgery, and the success of the surgery technique in controlling patients was examined. The study concluded that the NRS scale reached a score of 1 in the last few days. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the effectiveness of total hip replacement surgery in improving patients' quality of life, as determined by their ability to move with better performance, lower pain levels, and fewer complications associated with the surgery, as shown by CT scans.

Allogeneic Blood Transfusion and Risk of Postoperative Complications in Patients with Mild and Moderate Anemia of Any Cause? A Retrospective Cohort Study in Total Revision Hip Surgery

Introduction: Patients undergoing revision total hip surgery (RTHS) have a high prevalence of mild and moderate preoperative anemia, associated with adverse outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of perioperative allogeneic blood transfusions (ABT) and postoperative complications in preoperatively mild compared to moderate anemic patients undergoing RTHS who did not receive a diagnostic anemia workup and treatment before surgery. Methods: We included 1,765 patients between 2007 and 2019 at a university hospital. Patients were categorized according to their severity of anemia using the WHO criteria of mild, moderate, and severe anemia in the first Hb level of the case. Patients were grouped as having received no ABT, 1–2 units of ABT, or more than 2 units of ABT. Need for intraoperative ABT was assessed in accordance with institutional standards. Primary endpoint was the compound incidence of postoperative complications. Secondary outcomes included major/minor complications and length of hospital and ICU stay. Results: Of the 1,765 patients, 31.0% were anemic of any cause before surgery. Transfusion rates were 81% in anemic patients and 41.2% in nonanemic patients. The adjusted risks for compound postoperative complication were significantly higher in patients with moderate anemia (OR 4.88, 95% CI: 1.54–13.15, p = 0.003) but not for patients with mild anemia (OR 1.93, 95% CI: 0.85–3.94, p < 0.090). Perioperative ABT was associated with significantly higher risks for complications in nonanemic patients and showed an increased risk for complications in all anemic patients. In RTHS, perioperative ABT as a treatment for moderate preoperative anemia of any cause was associated with a negative compound effect on postoperative complications, compared to anemia or ABT alone. Discussion: ABT is associated with adverse outcomes of patients with moderate preoperative anemia before RTHS. For this reason, medical treatment of moderate preoperative anemia may be considered.

The pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block for hip surgery. A narrative review

Introduction. Perioperative pain management associated with hip surgery is challenging. The pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block is a new technique thought to provide better postoperative analgesia in addition to its motor-sparing effects. Aim. This review aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the PENG blockade in managing postoperative pain in patients undergoing hip surgery. Methods. The literature was reviewed through four electronic databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and Embase. Results. The initial search yielded 416 articles. Twenty-seven relevant articles were selected based on relevance, recentness, search quality, and citations. Twelve of the studies were related to patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty. Twelve studies were related to patients undergoing total hip surgery due to hip fracture. Finally, three studies were related to patients undergoing hip arthroscopy. Conclusions. The PENG block provides superior analgesia and low opioid consumption in the first postoperative period. However, current evidence is insufficient, and there is a need for high-quality randomized, controlled trials with larger sample sizes.

Musculoskeletal Literacy in Orthopedics: Associated Factors, Effects on Patient-Physician Communication and Intervention Strategies.

Health literacy is defined as the degree to which an individual obtains and processes basic health information and services so as to make appropriate and informed health decisions. Limited health literacy (LHL), as assessed by various validated instruments, remains prevalent amongst older adult patients, non-Caucasian ethnicities, and those of lower socioeconomic backgrounds. Of concern, LHL has been associated with decreased medical knowledge, disuse of preventative medical services, worse chronic disease control and increased use of emergency services. Within orthopedics specifically, LHL has been associated with lower expectations regarding outcomes and ambulation following total hip and knee surgery and fewer questions asked regarding diagnosis and treatment in the outpatient care setting. In some cases, LHL has been independently correlated with worse patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), though this finding may be due in part to the reading level required of the PROMs. There is growing evidence that active intervention by the orthopedic provider and demonstration of empathy improves patient comprehension of the nature of their musculoskeletal complaints, aids informed decision-making and, ultimately, maximizes patient satisfaction. Recognition of the associated factors for LHL will ensure improved physician-patient communication through the implementation of health literate interventions focused on those most at-risk.

Is the Promise of PROMs Being Realized? Implementation Experience in a Large Orthopedic Practice.

Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), increasingly used for research and quality measurement, are lauded for their potential to improve patient-centered care, both through aggregate reporting and when integrated into clinical practice. However, there are few published studies of the resultant use of PROMs in clinical practice. This case study describes the implementation and use of PROMS in a Midwestern multispecialty medical group orthopedic practice among patients undergoing total knee and hip surgery. Specifically, rates of PROMs use by care teams are tracked over time once made available in the electronic health record. During this time, the orthopedics department achieved a patient PROMS survey response rate of 68% at baseline, 58% 3 months post-surgery, and 55% 12 months post-surgery. However, these data were only accessed by the care teams for fewer than 1% of associated clinical encounters. This suggests that making PROMs available for care team review in the electronic health record, even when coupled with relatively high response rates from patients and departmental leadership support is not enough to encourage integration of PROMs into clinical care for patients. Additional effort is required to identify barriers to PROMs use in clinical care and to test methods to enhance use.

The efficacy of parecoxib in improving pain after total knee or total hip arthroplasty: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background:The cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) selective inhibitor parecoxib is widely used in the treatment of pain and inflammation. Parecoxib has been adopted for use for postoperative analgesia following a range of surgical procedures (orthopedic, general, gynecological, and dental surgery). Total knee or total hip arthroplasty (THA) surgery is mostly done in older patients, so postoperative analgesics need to be used more carefully, and the safety and efficacy of parecoxib in this type of surgery need to be further verified. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of parecoxib on patient safety, cumulative morphine consumption and was at 24 and 48 hours in the analgesic treatment of total knee or THA for meta-analysis and systematic review, with few studies in this area so far.Methods:We searched the Online Database Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and CBM (SinoMed), CNKI, VIP, WANFANG up to January 2021. According to the value of I2, the random-effect model or fixed-effect model was supposed to combine data from studies, respectively. Publication bias was assessed through funneling plot and Beggs test. Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 16.0 software were applied to perform the statistical analyses.Results:Eleven RCTs which involved 1690 participants were included in this study. The meta-analysis indicated parecoxib sodium could not significantly reduce the incidence of adverse events after total knee or THA compared with placebo. There was no statistical significance in incidence of nausea and vomiting. 24 hours resting VAS score was statistically significant between the group. The 48-hour resting VAS scores did not indicate a significant difference between the groups.Conclusion:Parecoxib can reduce the incidence of adverse events after total knee or total hip surgery to some extent but cannot reduce the incidence of nausea and vomiting. Twenty-four hour postoperative analgesia is better than placebo, but 48 hours after operation analgesia is the same as placebo.

The use of intrathecal morphine for acute postoperative pain in lower limb arthroplasty surgery: a survey of practice at an academic hospital

Background and purpose of the studyIntrathecal morphine (ITM) provides optimal postoperative analgesia in patients who are scheduled for total knee and hip operation with spinal anaesthesia. However, the ideal dose at which maximal analgesic effect occurs with minimal side effects is not known. This study aimed to describe the use of two doses of ITM and side effect profile in patients undergoing elective hip and knee arthroplasty.MethodsThis was a prospective, descriptive, and contextual study conducted on patients who had total hip and knee replacement at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital from 1 September to 30 November 2020. The sample size consisted of 66 patients who were 18 years and older, American Society of Anaesthesiology (ASA) classification 1–3, patients who had received either 100 mcg or 150 mcg ITM dose under spinal anaesthesia and sent to the ward postoperatively. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score was used to assess pain in the first 24 h, consumption of rescue analgesia and reported side effects were documented.ResultsThere was no relationship between age, weight, ASA classification or type of surgery and VAS score classification groups. Patients who received 100 mcg ITM had a higher median VAS pain score 2 (1–5) compared to those who received 150 mcg ITM 1 (0–2), p = 0.01. The need for rescue analgesia between the two groups was marginally less in the 150 mcg ITM group (p = 0.098). There was no difference in the rate of side effects between the 100 mcg ITM group [12 (41%)] and the 150 mcg ITM group [17 (59%)], p = 0.92. Rescue analgesia was marginally different between groups, p = 0.09. There were no real differences in the VAS pain scores between the total knee and total hip surgeries. None of the patients experienced clinically significant respiratory depression.ConclusionThe 150 mcg ITM dose provided good analgesic effects with longer duration of action and comparable side effect profile to the 100 mcg ITM dose. This dose was not associated with development of respiratory depression and can therefore be administered safely to patients who are discharged to the ward postoperatively in a resource constraint environment.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on different aspects of the delivery of physical therapy after total hip or knee surgery: Perspectives of patients and physical therapists.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on different aspects of the delivery of physical therapy after total hip or knee surgery: Perspectives of patients and physical therapists.

The Potential Value of Monocyte to Lymphocyte Ratio, Platelet to Mean Platelet Volume Ratio in the Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Joint Infections.

ObjectiveTo explore the possibility of obtaining more accurate information from routine blood tests for the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI).MethodsThis is a retrospective study. Between 2017 and 2018, a total of 246 patients who underwent total hip or knee revision surgery were included in this study. There were 146 females and 100 males, and the mean age of the patients was 62.1 ± 12.75 years. Laboratory parameters erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C‐reactive protein (CRP), D‐dimer, plasma fibrinogen, serum white blood cell (WBC), and calculable ratio markers were collected. Based on leukocytes (monocyte count, neutrophil count, lymphocyte count), platelet count, and mean platelet volume Inflammation‐related ratio markers were calculated, which including monocyte to lymphocyte ratio (MLR), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and platelet to mean platelet volume ratio (PMR). Follow‐up of all studied cases for at least 1 year. The diagnostic value of the markers based on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. The most optimal combinations of blood markers were selected by the prediction models. Statistical analyses and prediction models were performed using R software.ResultsOf the 246 patients, 125 were diagnosed with PJI and 121 with aseptic loosening. A higher rate of patients underwent revision surgery due to hip prosthesis loosening in the aseptic loosening group (74.4%) compared to the PJI group (45.6%, P < 0.001). ROC curves showed that the area under the curve (AUC) for classical markers, fibrinogen was 0.853 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.805–0.901), ESR was 0.836 (95% CI, 0.785–0.887) and CRP was 0.825 (95% CI, 0.773–0.878). Followed by the PMR, PLR, NLR and MLR, which showed promising diagnostic performance with AUCs of 0.791, 0.785, 0.736, and 0.733. The AUCs of the ratio markers were higher than those of D‐dimer (0.691;95% CI, 0.6243–0.7584) and serum WBC (0.622; 95% CI, 0.552–0.691). After the predictive model calculation, AUC was up to 0.923 (95% CI, 0.891–0.951) when plasma fibrinogen combined with MLR and PMR and interpreted excellent discriminatory capacity with a sensitivity of 86.40% and a specificity of 84.17%. The new combination significantly increases the accuracy and reliability of the diagnosis of PJI (P < 0.001). The AUC increased to 0.899 (95% CI, 0.861–0.931; P = 0.007) and 0.916 (95% CI, 0.880–0.946; P < 0.001), followed by CRP and ESR, respectively. All plasma fibrinogen, ESR, and CRP combined with both PMR and MLR achieved the highest specificity (89.17%) and PPV (85.34%).ConclusionThe diagnostic performance greatly improved when plasma fibrinogen, ESR, and CRP combined with ratio markers.

Procedures With Longer Intraoperative Times Undervalue Surgeon Work in Total Joint Arthroplasty: A Large, Nationwide Database Study.

Work relative value units (wRVUs) measure a surgeon's time and intensity required to perform the pre-service, intra-service, and post-service work of a surgical procedure and are commonly used to compare a physician's work between different procedures. Previous literature across multiple specialties report that longer, often revision, operations are undervalued when compared to primary procedures. Our study aims to analyze the differences in intra-operative time, and its corresponding wRVU/h between the Medicare benchmarks and real-world time-stamped data for total joint arthroplasty procedures. Thirteen primary and revision hip and knee arthroplasty procedures were identified, and intra-operative times were collected using the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program databases from 2014 to 2019. The Relative Value Scale Update Committee's (RUC) estimated median intra-operative times for each procedure was compared to the calculated median intra-operative times from National Surgical Quality Improvement Program, as were their corresponding wRVU/h. Procedures were additionally stratified by "long" (>110minutes) and "short" (≤110minutes) intra-operative times. The RUC over-estimated intra-operative time by 35.24% on average and this overestimation was more profound in longer operations than shorter operations (47.75% vs 15.22%, P= .011). The RUC intensity per unit time values (wRVU/h) between "long" and "short" procedures were significantly different (P<.001) and showed the undervaluation of intensity for the longer procedures by an average of 3.47 wRVU/h. Our study provides further evidence that physician work is undervalued in revision total hip and knee surgeries.

Single Stage Simultaneous Core Decompression for Ficat Stage I and II Bilateral Femoral Head Osteonecrosis among Hip Surgeries done in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Osteonecrosis of femoral head is a disease affecting young individuals and often occurs in bilateral hips. The purpose of this study is to find out the prevalence of single stage simultaneous core decompression for Ficat stage I and II bilateral femoral head osteonecrosis among total hip surgeries done in a tertiary care center. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care trauma centre from April 2017 and March 2020. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee prior to data collection (Reference no: 673/2077/78). Convenience sampling was done. Patients undergoing hip surgeries were included in the study. Patients with missing data were excluded. Patients operated upto Ficat Stage IIb femoral head osteonecrosis were followed up. Data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22.0. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and percentage for binary data. Out of 916 patients who underwent hip surgeries, 12 (1.31%) (0.57-2.04 at 95% Confidence Interval) underwent single stage simultaneous core decompression. Idiopathic cause in 6 (50%) and prolonged corticosteroid usage in 4 (33.33%) were the leading causes. Twelve (50%) of the treated hips were in Ficat stage IIa. At the end of one year, of the 11 patients who followed up, 12 (54.5%) hips had a good Harris hip outcome. Our study showed that a small proportion of hip surgeries were single stage simultaneous bilateral core decompression for osteonecrosis of femoral head in our setting. Our findings were similar to studies done internationally with a very low complication rate.

Proximal femoral geometry analysis of igbos of South East Nigeria and its clinical application in total hip replacement and hip surgeries: A dry bone study.

Proximal femoral geometry(PFG) plays a role in the biomechanics of the hip. During total hip replacement detailed efforts are made to restore this biomechanics in other to ensure patients satisfaction and implant survival. There are variations in these parameters. Ethnicity is one of the most influential factors accounting for these variations. To determine the values of the parameters of the proximal femoral geometry among the ethnic Igbos of the South Eastern Nigeria, determine any correlation between these parameters, and compare these values with known populations as well as discuss the clinical application in total hip replacement and other hip surgeries. Materials and Method: Seven hundred and sixteen (716) femoral bones taken from the osteology unit of department of anatomy of University of Nigeria Enugu Campus (UNEC) were screened and proximal femoral parameters measured using Vernier calipers. Results: There were 356 right and 360 left femoral bones with the following values: Femoral Neck Anteversion Angle (FNAVA): M=19.04°, SD=2.075°, Proximal Femoral Length(PFL): M=73.24mm,SD=7.622, Femoral Head Vertical Diameter(FHVD):M= 44.64mm, SD=3.134, Femoral Head Transverse Diameter(FHTD),M=44.55mm, SD=3.379mm, Femoral Head Diameter(FHD),M=44.60mm, SD=3.119mm, Femoral Neck Anterior Length(FNAL), M=31.86mm, SD=5.383mm, Femoral Posterior Neck Length(FPNL):M=22.23mm, SD=3.520mm, Femoral Neck Diameter (FND), M=32.71mm,SD= 3.315mm, Proximal Femoral Width Head to Side (PFWHS), M=89mm.80,SD= 10.331mm, Proximal Femoral Width Side to Side (PFWSS), M=31.47mm, SD=2.812mm, Femoral Neck Shaft Angle(FNSA), M=132.15°, 7.305°. The parameters of the proximal femoral geometry of the ethnic Igbos of the South East of Nigeria, differed from other populations and exhibited laterality.

Excellent Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes with Direct Superior Total Hip Arthroplasty with a Minimum of Two-Year Follow Up

This study aims to establish the midterm safety and performance for the direct superior approach to minimally invasive surgery total hip arthroplasty (MIS-THA). We used a unicentric, single-surgeon, retrospective, consecutive case series analysis of the first 40 patients who received primary unilateral direct superior MIS-THA. Special attention was given to functional recovery by measuring Harris Hip Score (HHS) and timed-up-and-go (TUG) with a mean follow up of 2.2 ± 0.4 years. A radiologic evaluation was performed. HHS and TUG improved significantly at three months and one year (p &lt; 0.001). All components were placed within the Lewinnek safe zone with no change position or signs of loosening at two years. With a minimum of two years of follow up, the direct superior approach appears to be safe without any obvious or consistent postoperative complications—clinically or radiographically—with excellent functional recovery. Additionally, our subgroup analysis supported no late learning curve effect.

Synovial fluid interleukin-6 is not superior to cell count and differential in the detection of periprosthetic joint infection.

AimsSynovial fluid white blood cell (WBC) count and percentage of polymorphonuclear cells (%PMN) are elevated at periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). Leucocytes produce different interleukins (IL), including IL-6, so we hypothesized that synovial fluid IL-6 could be a more accurate predictor of PJI than synovial fluid WBC count and %PMN. The main aim of our study was to compare the predictive performance of all three diagnostic tests in the detection of PJI.MethodsPatients undergoing total hip or knee revision surgery were included. In the perioperative assessment phase, synovial fluid WBC count, %PMN, and IL-6 concentration were measured. Patients were labeled as positive or negative according to the predefined cut-off values for IL-6 and WBC count with %PMN. Intraoperative samples for microbiological and histopathological analysis were obtained. PJI was defined as the presence of sinus tract, inflammation in histopathological samples, and growth of the same microorganism in a minimum of two or more samples out of at least four taken.ResultsIn total, 49 joints in 48 patients (mean age 68 years (SD 10; 26 females (54%), 25 knees (51%)) were included. Of these 11 joints (22%) were infected. The synovial fluid WBC count and %PMN predicted PJI with sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PPV, and NPV of 82%, 97%, 94%, 90%, and 95%, respectively. Synovial fluid IL-6 predicted PJI with sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PPV, and NPV of 73%, 95%, 90%, 80%, and 92%, respectively. A comparison of predictive performance indicated a strong agreement between tests.ConclusionsSynovial fluid IL-6 is not superior to synovial fluid WBC count and %PMN in detecting PJI.Level of Evidence: Therapeutic Level IICite this article: Bone Jt Open 2020;1-12:737–742.

A clinical practice guideline for physical therapy in patients with hip or knee osteoarthritis.

The purpose of this paper is to revise the 2010 Dutch guideline for physical therapy (PT) in patients with hip or knee osteoarthritis (OA), issued by the Royal Dutch Society for Physical Therapy (KNGF). This revised guideline was developed according to the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) and Guidelines International Network (G-I-N) standards. A multidisciplinary guideline panel formulated clinical questions based on perceived barriers to current care. A narrative or systematic literature review was undertaken in response to each clinical question. The panel formulated recommendations based on evidence and additional considerations, as described in the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) Evidence-to-Decision framework. A comprehensive assessment should be based on the International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health (ICF) core set for OA, including the identification of OA-related red flags. Based on the assessment, four treatment profiles were distinguished: (1) education and instructions for unsupervised exercises, (2) education and short-term supervised exercise therapy, (3) education and longer term supervised exercise therapy, and (4) education and exercise therapy before and/or after total hip or knee surgery. Education included individualized information, advice, instructions, and self-management support. Exercise programs were tailored to individual OA-related issues, were adequately dosed, and were in line with public health recommendations for physical activity. Recommended measurement instruments included the Patient-Specific Complaints Instrument, the Numeric Pain Rating Scale, the Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score/the Knee Injury Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, and the Six Minute Walk Test. An evidence-based PT guideline for the management of patients with hip or knee OA was developed. To improve quality of care for these patients, an extensive implementation strategy is necessary.

Morphometrıc evaluatıon of acetabulum

Amaç: Kalça kemiğinin dış yüzünde bulunan ve femur başı ile eklem yapan çukura acetabulum denir. Acetabulum os ilium, os ischii, os pubis olmak üzere üç kemikten oluşur. Bu üç kemiğin birleşmesi 14–16 yaşlarında başlar ve 23 yaşına kadar devam eder. Bu çalışmanın amacı, acetabulum'un morfometrik ölçümlerini yaparak, kalça operasyonlarında klinisyenlere yardımcı olmaktır.Yöntemler: Bu gözlemsel çalışmada Erciyes Üniversitesi Anatomi Anabilim Dalındaki 96 adet os coxae (50 sağ, 46 sol) kullanıldı. Kuru kemik üzerinde dijital kumpas yardımı ile sağ ve sol ayrı ayrı olmak üzere, corpus ischii acetabulum kenarı ile acetabulum ön kenarı arası uzunluğu (CİAK-AÖK) ortalama, incisura acetabulum’un transvers çapı (ATÇ), incisura acetabuli (IAU) uzunluğu, acetabulum’un derinliği (AD) ortalama, spina iliaca anterior inferior tarafındaki acetabulum kenarı ile acetabulum arka kenarı arası uzunluk ortalama (SİAİ), facies lunata alanı, limbus acetabuli uzunluğu, incisura acetabuli orta noktası ile limbus orta noktası arası mesafe ortalama, acetabulum’un şekli hesaplanarak 9 parametre değerlendirildi. Kuru kemik üzerinden alınan görüntüler bilgisayar ortamına aktarıldı ve ImageJ programı ile facies lunata’nın alanı ve limbus acetabuli’nin uzunluğu hesaplandı.Bulgular: Yapılan ölçümler sonucunda ortalama değerleri, sağ-sol olarak CİAK-AÖK 53,04-54,67 mm, ATÇ 50,57-51.44 mm, IAU 18,08-20,25 mm, AD 24,87-22,85 mm, SİAİ mesafe 52,38-45,63 mm, facies lunata alanı ortalama 13,25-13,65 cm2, limbus acetabuli uzunluğu 13,65-3,61 cm (ortalama 13,63 cm), incisura acetabuli orta noktası ile limbus orta noktası arası mesafe ortalama 56,45-57,12 mm hesaplandı. Acetabulum’un şekli ise 41 kemikte düz şekilli, 8 kemikte düzensiz, 27 kemikte eğimli ve 20 kemikte açısal şekilde hesaplandı.Sonuç: Elde ettiğimiz acetabulum’a ait bu indeks değerlerininin kalça dislokasyonu ve total kalça ameliyatlarında klinisyenlere ve aynı zamanda literatüre katkı sağlayacağını düşünmekteyiz.