Total Fish Production Research Articles

Analysis of Fish Production Status and Marketing Structure in Aliyar Reservoir, Tamil Nadu

The present study is an attempt to document production trend and marketing channels in Aliyar reservoir. Secondary data were analysed and reported that the Annual Growth Rate of stocked fish production (IMC and Common carp) decreased by 16%, but an attractive issue was that AGR of non-stocked fish production (exotic and indigenous species) increased by 49%. Mrigal was observed to dominate in total fish production. The study revealed that negative relationship (r -0.4416) existed between total seeds stocked and fish production, while positive relationship was observed in species wise fish production of Rohu (r 0.6557), Mrigal (r 0.8736) and Common carp (r 0.5991) except Catla which proved that stocking density influences production of these fish species. Catla production was negatively (r -0.2141) correlated with stocking density. Hence, this study recommends that reduction in stocking density of Catla seeds may help improve total fish yield. The present study revealed that the reservoir has well organized marketing system with 31 fresh fish marketing stalls.

Low input of offshore areas to fisheries in a large tropical reservoir in Lao PDR

Nam Theun 2 is the largest neo-reservoir in Lao PDR that was impounded to produce electricity. The objective of this study was to assess the input of the offshore zone to the total fish production. Hydroacoustics in areas > 5 m deep were sampled during the cold-dry season for 2 consecutive years. Results showed low fish densities (200–300 ind. ha−1), low biomass ( < 1 kg ha−1) and fish of small sizes (approximately 6 cm) in deep zones. Fish stock in the pelagic zone was concentrated between 2 and 13 m depth. The low colonization by fish was corroborated by the small catches achieved by experimental fishing in this part of the reservoir. This study has highlighted the limited contribution of the pelagic zone of a large neo-reservoir to fish production (low density, low biomass and few commercial species) when the reservoir was at its maximal water level. This study suggests that future management actions should mainly focus on the littoral zone.

On the management of single fish species of hilsa shad (Tenualosa ilisha) resources of Bangladesh

Hilsa shad (Tenualosa ilisha) belonging to the family Clupeidae is a diadromous migratory fish species. It is an important fish in the countries bordering to the Bay of Bengal. Bangladesh harvest about 60% of world hilsa catch. Hilsa contributed12.9% of the country’s total fish production in 2017-2018 with an estimated annual production of 517,198 tons, which was 1.0% to the GDP to support livelihoods of 1.2 million hilsa fishers of Bangladesh. In spite of the importance, there was an alarming situation in hilsa production, where over fishing of hilsa with a result of decline in inland production were observed. In the present study age and growth parameters L=57.7 cm total length and growth rate K=0.90 per year were calculated using VBGF growth function. Population parameters Z=4.90 were calculated using length converted catch curve, M (at water temperature 27°C) =1.45 using Pauly’s formula, F=1.09 and E=70 were estimated. Results indicates both recruitment overfishing and growth over fishing occur through indiscriminate fishing of juvenile hilsa (Jatka) as wel as brood hilsa(mother). Fishing effort has to be reduced at any cost and the affected fishers should be rehabilitated in a proper manner for obtaining the sustainable production of hilsa resources.&#x0D; Bangladesh J. Zool. 47(1): 173-183, 2019

TRENDS IN THE FISH MARKET AND FISHING INDUSTRY PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT

Метою статті є вивчення тенденцій розвитку ринку риби та продукції рибної промисловості, аналіз обсягів експорту та імпорту рибної продукції в Україну для подальшої побудови холодних ланцюгів постачань. В роботі проведено аналіз обсягів рибальства та аквакультури в усьому світі за останні роки, лідерами по вилову риби залишаються країни Азії, пропозиції на ринку риби та морепродуктів залишаються за країнами, які складають 80% від загального об’єму вилову риби. Загальний видобуток рибної продукції забезпечують усього 20 країн, серед яких Китай виступає беззаперечним лідером. Також світовий стан пропозиції на ринку риби та морепродуктів протягом тривалого часу визначають Перу, США, Чилі, Індонезія, Японія, Індія, РФ, Таїланд, Норвегія, Латвія, Естонія. Визначенні основні країни – імпортери риби та рибної продукції в Україну – якими є Ірландія та Норвегія, співвідношення імпорту та експорту риби та рибної продукції в Україні складає експорт - 2% , імпорт - 98% , незважаючи, що Україна має морський простір, об’єм вилову та експорту дуже незначний. Розглянуті основні країни імпортери риби та рибної продукції в України, визначено, що 90% всієї імпортованої продукції є замороженою, доставка з країн Європейського Союзу відбувається автомобільним транспортом. У статті встановлено, що український ринок риби є імпортозалежним і має сезонний характер. У статті акцентовано увагу на необхідність урахування географії перевезень на формування технологічного процесу доставки риби.

MONITORING OF EGYPTIAN COASTAL LAKES USING REMOTE SENSING TECHNIQUES

Abstract. The Northern Lakes play a significant role in Egyptian economy for fish production in Egypt. Until 1991, these Lakes have always contributed more than 40% of the country's total fish production, but at present this has decreased to less than 12.22% as they serve as reservoirs for drainage waters, which contaminated with anthropogenic materials. Since Remote sensing and GIS are suitable and valuable techniques to identify the rate of land reclamation of the coastal lakes over the last three decades. This was undertaken using different kinds of imagery to employ historical remotely sensed data to reveal the long-term changes in the physical characteristics of the lagoon. This paper explains how remote sensing coupled with GIS can be used for lake monitoring applied on some Egyptian coastal lakes as example.

Fish debris in sediments from the last 25 kyr in the Humboldt Current reveal the role of productivity and oxygen on small pelagic fishes

Upwelling of cold, nutrient-rich water from the oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) off Peru sustains the world’s highest production of forage fish, mostly composed of anchovy (Engraulis ringens). However, the potential impacts of climate change on upwelling dynamics and thus fish productivity in the near future are uncertain. Here, we reconstruct past changes in fish populations during the last 25,000 years to unravel their response to changes in OMZ intensity and productivity. We quantified and identified fish scales and bones deposited in laminated sediments from Pisco (Peru) with an average sampling resolution of 20.4 years (±7.1). The records span the Last Glacial Maximum to the recent Holocene and thus encompass a variety of combinations of productivity, oxygen, and global temperature. Our results reveal that productivity appears to be the main factor controlling small pelagic fish abundance, while sub-surface oxygenation affects mainly anchovy and likely sardine populations. Lower productivity and higher oxygen concentrations during the glacial resulted in lower total fish productivity, whereas higher productivity and a stronger OMZ in some time intervals during the Holocene resulted in higher fish abundances. A variety of different conditions between these two oceanographic end members indicate preferred environmental conditions for a variety of small pelagic fishes. There is no evidence in our record for an out of phase relationship between anchovy and sardine at the timescales examined in the present study. Anchovy have been the predominant small pelagic fish throughout the record, at least over centennial to millennial timescales. Its abundance reached a maximum during the Current Warm Period, an era characterized by high productivity and intense OMZ conditions. Thus, industrial fisheries developed during a period of exceptional productivity in relation to that of the last 25 kyr. The records reveal that dramatic decreases in pelagic fish abundances have occurred in response to past large-scale climate changes than those observed in the instrumental period, which suggests that future climate change may result in substantial changes in ecosystem structure.

An economic study on the axes and constraints for Lake Manzala development

Lake Manzala undergoes a decline in its fish production in recent two decades. The present work aims to assess the axes and constraints for development of its fisheries. Descriptive and quantitative analyses were conducted for its production during the period from 1995 to 2016. The results revealed that Manzala Lake produced 59.6 thousand MT (14.6% total fish production in Egypt) during 1995 and declined to 42.3 thousand MT (3.4%) during 2016. Statistically, data revealed that estimated model at 10% change in tilapia production led to 78% in the lake total production, 10% change in catfish led to change in 17% of the lake total production and about 93% of annual production leads to changes in fish species. The annual increment in productivity per boat was estimated as 1.14 MT, with estimated 6% rate of change during period from 1995 to 2016 based on the linear regression of average productivity per boat. In addition, productivity per fisherman indicated that there was a progress trend estimated at 7.5 MT per year, with a rate of change estimated at 4% during the study period. And, the average productivity was slightly increased from 313.7 to 384.6 kg between 1995 and 2016, respectively. In conclusion, this study suggests some solutions for constraints which are negative affecting the lake development.

Bioeconomic analysis on coral fish in Raja Ampat Regency, West Papua Province

Fishery resources of Raja Ampat Regency’s waters in West Papua Province have shown a declining trend in terms of total coral fish production. In order to sustainably manage the fishery for future utilization, a baseline analysis needs to be carried out as a tool for sustainable management. This paper attempts to indicate baseline performance of fisheries from bioeconomic perspectives. Data in this study was collected from primary and secondary data. Primary data collected by using quesionair for asking respondents who coastal people of Raja Ampat in 6 (six) villages, than secondary data collected should be in time series format and coming from officially office related government. Than the data resulted to be analyses using bioeconomic formula. One of important results of bioeconomic analysis is that currently there is no indication of overfishing yet in Raja Ampat waters. Total production in open access level has showen 3.97 ton per week. Effort in sole owner level (MEY) has showen 9.06 trip per week. Economic rent under sole owner regime is around Rp 43,040,425.19 per week. This condition has shown that catch per unit effort has been efficient, so that fish harvest has been better and will be followed by maximum economic rent.

The Role of Reproductive Sciences in the Preservation and Breeding of Commercial and Threatened Teleost Fishes.

The teleost fishes are the largest and most diverse vertebrate group, accounting for nearly half of all known vertebrate species. Teleost fish exhibit greater species diversity than any other group of vertebrates and this is reflected in the unique variety of different reproductive strategies displayed by fish. Fish have always been an important resource for humans worldwide, especially as food. While wild capture fisheries have historically been the mainsource of fish, the farming of fish (aquaculture) is increasingly becoming the more dominant source of food fish, and is predicted to account for 60% of total global fish production by 2030.Fishes are increasingly threatened by a wide range of anthropogenic impacts, including loss of habitat, pollution, invasive species and over-exploitation. In addition, climate change, especially the consequences of global warming, can impact fish at all levels of biological organization from the individual to the population level, influencing both physiological and ecological processes in a variety of direct and indirect ways. As such, there is an urgent need to protect and conserve the huge genetic diversity offered by this diverse vertebrate group, not just as a source of genes for contemporary breeding and for protection against the consequences of climate change and disease, but also as part of our national heritage. While the cryopreservation of reproductive cells is a means of achieving these objectives, currently only fish sperm can be successfully frozen. Due to their large size, large yolk compartment, low membrane permeability and high chilling sensitivity, successful and reproducible protocols for the cryopreservation of fish oocytes and embryos still remains elusive. However, significant advances have been made in the cryopreservation of primordial germ cells as an alternative means of conserving both paternal and maternal genomes. Although more research needs to be carried out on how these cells can be optimally applied to emerging reproductive technologies, including transplantation techniques and surrogate broodstock technologies, the successful cryopreservation of fish germ cells, and the establishment of genetic resource banks, offers the possibility of both conserving and restoring threatened species. Further, current and future conservation efforts need to consider the impact of climate change in both in situ conservation and reintroduction efforts.In conclusion, it is anticipated that the successful cryopreservation of fish germplasm will result in a range of economic, ecological and societal benefits. In partnership with emerging assisted reproductive technologies, the successful cryopreservation of fish germplasm will lead to more efficient reproduction in aquaculture, assist selective breeding programmes, and be of crucial importance to future species conservation actions.

Ethical Considerations in Exploiting, Culturing and Killing Fish towards Animal Rights in Islam

Human show cruelty to fish during exploiting, culturing, killing, experimentation and amusement. Presently, overexploitation of marine fishes is a serious problem worldwide. More than 50% of total fish production is now raised in aquafarms where many fish suffer from parasitic infections, diseases, and debilitating injuries in culture systems. Every year, millions of fish are caught in nets and on hooks. Many of them are tortured just for sports. Fishes are also regularly used for scientific experiments. Many of them are killed by unethical ways. Among all animals, human is the main culprits in causing harms to animals including fishes by damaging their ecosystems. To secure animal rights, modern bio-ethics started to be developed in the last century. The principle of modern bio-ethics is very similar to the principle of Islamic bio-ethics. Therefore, modern bio-ethics might be guided by Islamic bio-ethics, which was well established in the 7th century. According to Islam, God gave the human being responsibility to look after animals, to protect them, and not to abuse or threaten them. Human is not permitted to kill animals just for sports or amusements. God created the universe in a perfect balance and human should not disturb this. Therefore, human may exploit and culture food (fish and other organisms) and ornaments without destroying aquatic ecosystems. Islam prescribes a set of rules to treat animals with the utmost kindness and compassion. However, Islamic direction can be integrated with science to ensure minimum stress, pain and suffering when killing animals including fishes.

Current status and barriers to fisheries comanagement: Evidences from an Oxbow lake of Bangladesh

Co-management of common property aquatic habitats are increasingly implemented with a view to increasing fish production, ensuring fishers’ rights and to conserve biodiversity. This study investigates the current status and identifies barriers to fisheries management in an oxbow lake (baor) at Jessore district, Bangladesh. Using interviews, focus group discussions and secondary data, this study revealed that both capture and culture fisheries are practised at the same time at the same water-body. As the wetland was used solely for capture fisheries before, the introduction of aquaculture practice has increased the total fish production and income for some people. However, it has reduced the access to poor fishers and fish biodiversity. Particularly the biodiversity of Channa sp, Puntius sp, Mastacembelus sp, Mystus sp, and Colisa fasciatus has been reduced. A range of climatic, institutional, economic and social barriers have facilitated the reduced access of poor fishers and biodiversity. To overcome the barriers and ensure sustainable management of the baor this study proposes to implement a fair leasing system, increase financial and human resources together with an ecosystem-based approach to baor management.&#x0D; Bangladesh J. Zool. 46(2): 105-116, 2018

Length-based estimates of growth parameters and mortality rates of fish populations from a coastal zone in the Southeastern Brazil

Small-scale fisheries in Brazil contribute to a significant share of total fish production, accessing a large variety of species. Life history parameters from these resources are important for their management and conservation, based on primary data. The objective of this article is to generate growth parameters and mortality rates of ten fish populations from a coastal zone in Southeastern Brazil. Monthly samples were taken between January 2011 and November 2014 from landings of the beach-seine fishery in an area adjacent to the entrance of the Guanabara Bay. All fishes were measured (total length) and weighed. The length-weight relationships (LWR) were estimated by linear regression analysis on log-transformed data of the equation: W = aLb. The Von Bertalanffy Growth Function (VBGF) was fitted to size-at-age data to obtain growth parameters (K, L∞). The length-converted catch curve was used for estimating the instantaneous total mortality (Z). Taylor’s equations provided an independent estimate of the natural mortality (M) and longevity. The difference between Z and M derived Fishing mortality (F). A total of 2,938 individuals from ten fish species were used to determine the length-weight relationships. Harengulaclupeola (Cuvier, 1829) has a new maximum length record for the FishBase LWR database. Sardinellabrasiliensis (Steindachner, 1879) presented the smallest and largest size recorded for LWR observed in the literature and FishBase database. Upeneusparvus showed the greatest total length, while Trichiuruslepturus Linnaeus, 1758, Orthopristisruber (Cuvier, 1830) and Dactylopterusvolitans (Linnaeus, 1758) presented the smallest sizes for LWR in FishBase. The other species showed parameters within the expected values for each group. The performance index combining information from K and L∞ presented values between 2.32 and 3.76 and were considered appropriate for the populations evaluated. Fishing was the primary source of mortality for Caranxcrysos (Mitchill, 1815), Eucinostomusargenteus Baird &amp;amp; Girard, 1855, S.brasiliensis and U.parvus, and less important for Cynoscionjamaicensis (Vaillant &amp;amp; Bocourt, 1883), D.volitans, O.ruber, Selenesetapinnis (Mitchill, 1815), T.lepturus and H.clupeola. The parameters generated may be used for the management and conservation of the species’ stocks.

Biology and fisheries of Hilsa shad in Bay of Bengal

Hilsa (Tenualosa ilisha) or river shad is an anadromous fish species widely distributed in the North Indian Ocean, mainly in the Bay of Bengal (BoB). Hilsa is the national fish of Bangladesh and it contributes 10% of the total fish production of the country, with a market value of $1.74 billion. Hilsa also holds a very important place in the economics of West Bengal of India with 12.5% of the catch and also tops the marine capture in Myanmar. During the last two decades Hilsa production from inland waters has been stable, whereas marine yields in the BoB increased substantially. In order to sustainably manage the trans-boundary stock of Hilsa, the taxonomy, distribution, habitat, migration patterns, population dynamics, fisheries and socio-economics aspects of the fishery have been reviewed here. To achieve a successful trans-boundary management for the Hilsa stock, complete ban on undersize fishing, well-targeted temporal and spatial bans, creation of protected areas in strategic points, incentive for Hilsa fishers and ecological restoration of Hilsa habitats and more work on technological development of Hilsa aquaculture are recommended.

CONSUMPTION OF FISH IN EGYPT

Food is a vital necessity for humans. Providing food in quantity and quality is not only necessary to meet biological needs or to achieve a decent standard of living, it is also an essential step for civilizational leapfrogging. The results indicate that the total Egyptian fish production increased at a statistically significant annual rate estimated at 57.2 thousand tons per year. The quantity of fish consumption in Egypt increases annually at a statistical average of 62 thousand tons per year. At a statistically significant annual rate of 0.44 kg per year, and the fish gap shows its fluctuation between the rise and fall during the period considered and the most important results of the consumer spending functions of the animal protein group in Egypt and the expenditure elasticities of these groups according to the economic and social factors that the expenditure on the animal protein group is generally higher. The results also showed the effect of both urban and rural on the consumption patterns of the animal protein group. The results indicate that the consumption expenditure patterns on the animal protein group in both rural and urban areas will be affected. In addition, the expenditure on urban animal protein will decrease in general from 2013 to 2015, countryside. The results showed that the household expenditure in Egypt has different and significant differences according to the annual expenditure categories of the private household, income, expenditure and consumption 2012-2013-2015-2016.

Blue Economy of Bangladesh: Opportunities and Challenges for Sustainable Development

The blue economy refers to the economic activity based on maritime resources. The paper aims to explore the current scenario of sea resources of Bangladesh. Using secondary data, the study reveals that Bangladesh can accelerate its economic growth through the sustainable use of the sea resources. Moreover, Bangladesh has 710 km long coastline with 200 Nautical Miles of an exclusive economic zone inside the Bay of Bengal. Marine fisheries contribute 19.4% of the total fish production of the country. Besides, the western coastline of Cox’s Bazaar is the longest sea beach in the planet that is visited by on an average, 81% of the international tourists arrive in Bangladesh. However, due to lack of institutional capacity and given the socio-cultural context, the sustainability of the sea resources is now facing critical threats. Apart from studying the present status of sea resources, the paper proposed some way forwards based on existing opportunities and challenges for promoting sustainable development in Bangladesh.

Present status, problems and prospect of fish farming at Gazipur Sadar upazila in Bangladesh

The present study was conducted to reveal the present scenario, problems and the prospect of fish farming of Gazipur Sadar upazila Bangladesh. The primary data were collected through field survey, questionnaire interview and focus group discussion from the fish farmers of several villages and urban areas of the upazila. Secondary data were collected from the Department of Fisheries and aquaculture extension section. Gazipur Sadar upazila has 14462.42 ha potential fisheries resources of which floodplains, seasonal water bodies, and ponds comprise 71.01%, 13.04%, and 8.57%, respectively. The total fish production of the upazila in 2016-17 was 14492.7 MT, 27% of the Gazipur district. The highest fish production of 5436 MT and 4.39 MT/ha/year came from the pond sector. Among different pond culture systems, the semi-intensive system had the highest fish production output (2826 MT). Exotic carps were the highest produced fish in the ponds. However, in spite of comprising a huge proportion of seasonal floodplains the fish production from this sector was only 0.42 MT/ha/year in 2016-2017. This indicates the poor utilization of inland open water resources for fish production in the study area. The major areas were identified to improve the existing pond fish farming situation were access to low-interest loan, quality seed, supply of advanced technologies, need-based training, and marketing facilities. Along with improving the pond fish farming, community-based fisheries management and some aquaculture initiatives on private own seasonal floodplains should be taken on a priority basis to improve open water management and to flourish inland fish production in the study area.Progressive Agriculture 29 (1): 53-63, 2018

An assessment of status of marine fishery resources in India through Markov Chain modeling of growth rates in landings

The marine fisheries sector in India supports livelihood of four million people and earn a significant amount of foreign exchange through export of marine fish and its products. Historic data showed that the total marine fish production in India maintains an overall upward trend with fluctuations. Periodic assessment of major fishery resource groups is necessary to manage the fishery for sustainability. Among different species groups, 50 commercially important resource groups accounting for about 97% of the national annual landings were individually studied by Markov Chain modeling of annual growth rates in landings. In addition, the time series data on landings of these marine fishery resource groups were analyzed randomness using ‘runs test’. Limiting probabilities for all the nine defined states of each Markov Chain process were determined and status of the resources was derived based on limiting probabilities. Runs test on the time series sequences showed 19 of them having random behavior. It was found through Markov Chain modeling that 16 of the marine fishery resources have probability more than 0.8 to confine their annual growth rate between -0.25% and +0.25% providing high confidence regarding stable yield from harvest indicating stability of their stocks.

Economic Efficiency of Marine Fish Farms in Egypt

Fish farming has a key role in bridging the fish food gap and it has been shown that the percentage of Fish self-sufficiency reached 86.63% in 2016. It contributes about 80% of the total fish production in Egypt. The fish production from aquaculture was estimated at 1.370 million tons in 2016. But marine fish farming accounted for only about 5% of the total fish farming in Egypt. Fish production from marine fish farming was estimated at 67 424 000 tons of marine fish. This study aimed to measure the economic efficiency of marine fish farms, estimation of fish production growth rates and statistical estimation of producing countries. The most important results included the decrease in fish production from capture fisheries and especially marine fish production. The production of marine fish farms accounts for about 5% of the total fish farming. This study showed that the most important factors affecting the production of marine fish are the number of seeds used, the amount of food provided and also the years of experience. As it turns out that the technical efficiency amounted to 0.960. 0.962. 0.954 and the economic efficiency was 0.390. 0.394. 0.715 in the three categories respectively. The study recommended the establishment of marine fish hatcheries in Egypt. It needed to activate the role of the extension sector in information orientation for farmers. The study recommended the need to incorporate new varieties in the process of cultures such as snake fish and grouper.

Aquaponic production of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica) in Bangladesh

The experiment was conducted to assess the water spinach production in aquaponic system using two different media for a period of 90 days. Only brick lets was used as media in treatment T1, whereas in treatment T2 media had mixture of brick lets and used tea leaves. Six 20 liter plastic containers and a 750 L water tank were used for vegetable bed and fish rearing respectively. Fish and water spinach were sampled fortnightly. The highest average plant height, weight and number of leaves recorded in T1 were 35.96 ± 4.75 cm, 59.09 + 23.85 g and 93.90 + 38.52, respectively. Total production of water spinach in T1 and T2 was 1.26 and 0.98 kg, respectively. At the end of the experiment, % length and weight gain was 33.81 and 174.06, the survival rate and FCR was found to be 98.33% and 1.56, respectively. The total production of fish was 29.44 tons/ha/90 days. The system produced higher amount of fish as well as vegetable with minimum water use having no environmental pollution. The system efficiently utilized fish waste in plant production through a symbiotic relationship between the fish and plants. Therefore, the system could be installed in high density city areas to produce fish and vegetable from the rooftop and backyard to address the environmental problems.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.5(1): 93-106, April 2018

A Commentary – Lake Tanganyika fisheries: Current constraints and the way forward

A Commentary – Lake Tanganyika fisheries: Current constraints and the way forward