Total Ecosystem Services Research Articles

Urbanization impact on the supply-demand budget of ecosystem services: Decoupling analysis

Correlation of ecosystem services (ES) considering both the supply and demand sides remains unclear, and research on urbanization impact on the ES supply-demand budget is lacking. Taking the rapidly urbanizing Pearl River Delta (PRD) urban agglomeration of China as an example, eight ES supply, demand and the supply-demand budget of 374 watersheds were quantified using an expert-based matrix. The trade-offs and synergies of ES were then explored from both the supply and demand sides, with identifying the ecosystem service bundles (ESBs) of supply, demand, and the supply-demand budget separately. Through decoupling analysis, the urbanization impact on the ES supply-demand budget was explored. The results showed that ESs were well supplied in high-altitude areas in the PRD urban agglomeration, and that watersheds with insufficient ES supply were concentrated along the Pearl River where population density was high. It was also observed that there were significant synergistic relationships in the ES supply-demand budget. And the average decoupling index of the supply-demand budget for total ES and the three urbanization indicators increased from GDP to DN of nighttime light, and to Population density. It is an important way to identify the trade-offs and synergies between ES supply-demand budgets, and to explore the decoupling between the ES supply-demand budget and urbanization, in order to provide comprehensive decision-making support for ES management in rapidly urbanized areas.

Total income and ecosystem service sustainability index: Accounting applications to holm oak dehesa case study in Andalusia-Spain

This research develops the novel concept of an economic ecosystem service sustainability index from the perspective of total income theory, and presents its empirical application at the spatial unit scale of the agroforestry farm. This paper compares the results accrued from applying the refined standard System of National Accounts (rSNA) and the authors’ Agroforestry Accounting System (AAS). The AAS extends the rSNA to capture economic activities without manufactured production costs and substitutes the production cost valuations for exchange values revealed/stated by consumer willingness to pay for consumption of final products without market prices, the aim being to provide more comprehensive figures for total and environmental incomes of the agroforestry farms. Both accounting frameworks are applied to a case study of sixteen large, non-industrial, privately-owned holm oak dehesas (agroforestry farms) in Andalusia-Spain. This dehesa application provides estimates for the economic ecosystem service, total income factorial allocation, total capital and economic ecosystem service sustainability index for the aggregate and individual economic activities of the dehesa, distributed between accounts for the farmer and government institutional sector economic activities. The AAS explicit measurements of the hidden rSNA ecosystem services and environmental incomes of the dehesa allow us to further our scientific understanding of the current and future contributions of environmental income from nature to the total income of society as well as to provide information to the policy makers so that action can be taken to mitigate the depletion and degradation of environmental assets. This dehesa application reveals that environmental income measured by the AAS accounts for 67 % of total income in 2010. The dehesa AAS and rSNA ecosystem services share 34 % and 26 % of total product consumptions, respectively. Coupled with the AAS economic ecosystem service sustainability index of 0.5 and the rSNA economic ecosystem service sustainability index of 0.2, these figures indicate total product over-consumption in 2010. The dehesa case study shows that the AAS ecosystem services and environmental incomes are 2.5 and 8.4 times higher than those of the rSNA, respectively. Once the theoretic robustness of non-market product consumption simulated transaction value is accepted, as in the AAS methodology, the expected official economic ecosystem accounting framework will mainly depend on its ongoing standardization by the United Nations Statistical Division and implementation by individual governments. Thus, the challenge of standardizing and implementing such a framework is more closely linked to governmental policy measures than to the current scientific weakness of non-market product consumption valuations.

Integrating ecological correlation into cellular automata for urban growth simulation: A case study of Hangzhou, China

Rapid urbanization leads to a disorder land use pattern, posing severe threats to natural resources with high-quality ecosystem service (ES), hence, it is necessary to delineate ecologically constrained urban growth boundary (UGB) for containing sprawling urban expansion. The ecological constraint based on the assessment of specific or comprehensive ecosystem function provides little information about how the ecological correlation within different ESs affecting urban growth probability. This paper defined the strictest conservation with the least cost of total ES value as ecological constraint through excluding ESs trade-offs areas from potential urban development area, and the ecological constraint was further integrated into cellular automata (CA) to develop the ES-CA model for acquiring a win-win simulation between urban development and natural environmental protection. The case study of Hangzhou was implemented for the model application. Equivalent ES value was adjusted by spatial difference assessment to evaluate and visualize ES. Spearman correlation coefficient was adopted to retrieve the relation mechanism among different ESs and extract ESs trade-offs areas. Two alternative scenarios whether conserving the ESs trade-offs areas were established to investigate the unique advantages of the ES-CA model over the traditional ecological constraint-based CA. The comparative analysis using habitat quality and landscape metrics indicated that the urban growth pattern where the ESs trade-offs areas were prohibited for construction performed more effective in reducing habitat degradation, promoting land use compactness, and controlling sprawling urban expansion. According to the win-win scenario, the UGB having a polycentric spatial structure was delineated. In contrast with the planned UGB determined by socio-economic development policies, the proposed UGB demonstrated that the ES-CA model could play a more important role in growth management for ecological fragilely developing regions.

Assessing Changes in Ecosystem Service Values in Response to Land Cover Dynamics in Jiangxi Province, China.

This paper examines the ecosystem service values of Jiangxi province, China using the benefit transfer approach. The land cover dynamics results show that cropland and forest are the main land cover types in Jiangxi province. Urban land drastically increased after 2000, expanding from 846.54 km2 in 2000 to 2317.48 km2 in 2015. Forest and water obviously decreased across the study periods. Consequently, the total ecosystem service values decreased from 37.91 × 1010 Yuan in 1995 to 35.27 × 1010 Yuan in 2015. The values showed a declining trend, especially during the 1995–2000 period. The largest declines in ecosystem service values were caused by decreases in forest and water cover. Regulating services experienced the largest declines in ecosystem services value. Moreover, water supply showed the largest decline in ecosystem service value between 1995 and 2015. Not surprisingly, food production increased in the whole period, especially in the 1995–2000 period. Forest and cropland played the most important roles in the total ecosystem service values of Jiangxi province. We then discussed the relationship among ecosystem services based on the ecosystem service trade-off degree. The results show that the dominant relationship among ecosystem services in Jiangxi province was synergy; thus synergy mostly occurred in all ecosystem services except for food production from 1995 to 2015. However, during the 1995–2000 period, trade-offs mainly existed in both food production and waste treatment. The proportion of synergy greatly increased in the 2000–2015 period, and the synergistic relationship between waste treatment and other ecosystem services increased. However, the trade-off relationship between food production and other ecosystem services still has not improved, which should be concerned in the future. Changes in the percentage share of cropland showed a declining trend; thus, the potential risk of cropland loss should be monitored.

Evaluation and Tradeoff Analysis of Ecosystem Service for Typical Land-Use Patterns in the Karst Region of Southwest China

Although many land-use patterns have been established to restore vegetation and eliminate poverty in the karst area in southwest China, the ecosystem services (ESs) of these patterns are still not fully understood. To compare the differences in seven typical monoculture patterns and three agroforestry patterns, their ESs and tradeoffs were analyzed within the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment Framework. Compared with the local traditional corn pattern, the marigold pattern improved provisioning, regulating, and cultural services by >100%. The pomegranate pattern provided far more provisioning services than the other patterns. The apple + soybean intercropping pattern reduced regulating services, and eventually, its Total ESs (TES) and ecosystem multifunctionality index (EMF) also decreased. Cultural services will be enhanced by the introduction of fruit trees, as well as intercropping. Orange + peach had the greatest negative tradeoffs between provisioning and regulating services (P-R), provisioning and supporting services (P-S), and provisioning and cultural services (P-C), which indicates that the provisioning services urgently require improvement. Peach + pumpkin intercropping decreased the negative tradeoffs of P-R, P-S, and P-C (all > 10%), while pomegranate + grass intercropping increased the negative tradeoffs of R-S and R-C (all > 100%). Our results suggest that all six of these patterns are worthy of promotion but the pomegranate pattern should be given priority. Among the three intercropping patterns studied herein, the apple + soybean pattern should be redesigned to improve performance.

Rapid assessment checklist for green roof ecosystem services in Bangkok, Thailand

BackgroundA green roof is a man-made ecosystem created when a rooftop is covered with substrate and vegetation. Although green roof ecosystems (GREs) are able to provide ecosystem services, there is currently no assessment tool available to specifically evaluate this. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a rapid assessment checklist (RAC) to assess GRE services (GRES), which was developed and tested on 10 green roofs in Bangkok, Thailand.ResultsThe RAC consisted of 46 proxy indicators (33 qualitative and 13 quantitative indicators) encompassing various aspects of GRESs. The GRES values or scores varied according to structural differences in the green roofs. The average score (from a maximum of 100) of total ecosystem services was 61 ± 7, which could be inferred as a good performance in ecosystem service provision. The highest scores were obtained from the regulating services at 68 ± 7. The lowest average score was 53 ± 11 from the provisioning services.ConclusionsThe RAC was able to evaluate the levels of GRES provided by the selected green roofs, enabling the meaningful comparison of their potential capability to provide GRES. Therefore, this RAC could be an innovative tool for evaluation of four categories of GRES.

Impact of land use land cover changes on ecosystem service value - A case study of Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macao in South China.

The rapid increase in anthropogenic activities, socioeconomic development, and land use land cover (LULC) changes since the opening of economic reforms (1978), have changed the ecosystem service value (ESV) in Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macao (GKHM) region located in South China. This leads to the requirement of a significant tailored analysis of ecosystem services regarding incisive and relevant planning to ensure sustainability at regional level. This study focuses on the use of Landsat satellite imagery to quantify the precise impact of LULC changes on the ecosystem services in GHKM over the past three decades (1986–2017). The most renowned established unit value transfer method has been employed to calculate the ESV. The results show that the total ecosystem service value in GHKM has decreased from 680.23 billion CNY in 1986 to 668.45 billion CNY in 2017, mainly due to the decrease in farmland and fishponds. This overall decrease concealed the more dynamic and complex nature of the individual ESV. The most significant decrease took place in the values of water supply (-22.20 billion CNY, -14.72%), waste treatment (-20.77 billion CNY, −14.63%), and food production (-7.96 billion CNY, −33.18%). On the other hand, the value of fertile soil formation and retention (6.28 billion CNY, +7.26%) and recreation and culture (5.09 billion CNY, +12.91%) increased. Furthermore, total ESV and ESV per capita decreased significantly with the continuous increase in total gross domestic product (GDP) and GDP per capita. A substantial negative correlation exists between farmland ESV and GDP indicating human encroachment into a natural and semi natural ecosystems. The results suggest that in the rapidly urbanizing region, the protection of farmland and to control the intrusion of urban areas has marked an important societal demand and a challenge to the local government. This required a pressing need for smart LULC planning and to improve policies and regulation to guarantee ecosystem service sustainability for acceptable life quality in the study area and other fast expanding urban areas in China.

Assessment and analysis of ecosystem services value along the Yangtze River under the background of the Yangtze River protection strategy

The Yangtze River is the third largest river in the world and the longest and largest river in China. China has adopted a national strategy to protect the Yangtze River. A better understanding of the ecosystem services value along the Yangtze River would provide support for the Yangtze River protection strategy. Using Costanza’s method to estimate the ecosystem services value, the value of 10 ecosystem services was estimated within 1 km and 2 km from the Yangtze River in 2017. These 10 services were derived from the four established groupings of provisioning, regulating, supporting, and cultural services. This study compared and analyzed the changes in the ecosystem services value in the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the river, and in provinces, cities, and villages along the Yangtze River. The total ecosystem services value within 1 km and 2 km from the river was 37.208 and 43.769 billion yuan, respectively. Within 1 km, the ecosystem services value in the middle reaches was 12.93 billion yuan, while the next highest value was in the upper reaches at 12.45 billion yuan, and the downstream area had the smallest value of 11.855 billion yuan. Within 2 km, the value of upstream ecosystem services was the highest at 16.31 billion yuan, while the second highest value was in the middle reaches at 14.376 billion yuan, and the smallest value was in the downstream area at 13.083 billion yuan. In the Yangtze River Basin, regulating services played a leading role, accounting for 81.6% and 78.9% of the ecosystem services value within 1 km and 2 km from the river, respectively. Among the 10 ecosystem services, hydrological regulation was the most important, while the value of raw material production made the smallest contribution. Among the provinces and cities along the Yangtze River, the highest ecosystem services value was in Hubei Province, while the lowest values were in Shanghai and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. If villages within 1 km and 2 km from the river were to be relocated, the total regional ecological value would increase by 527 and 975 million yuan, respectively.

Spatial-temporal effects of regional ecosystem services based on RS and GIS——Taking Xiangxi Tujia-Miao autonomous region for example

Take Xiangxi as an example, which has typical karst geomorphic characteristics, many nature reserves and high forest coverage. Through remote sensing, geographic information system and R-language method, the spatial-temporal correlation and regression analysis were carried out on the ecosystem service values and socio-economic development indicators. The results show that: (1) From 1980 to 2018, the cropland, woodland and urban construction land in Xiangxi changed greatly, and the change of total ecosystem services in Xiangxi increased first and then decreased; (2) The ecosystem service values is negatively correlated with the regional socio-economic in temporal; (3) The ecosystem services values especially of cropland, woodland in eight counties of Xiangxi is highly correlated with the primary industry added value in spatial, the p value of t-test is very significant, but negatively correlated with the regional GDP after 2000. It is concluded that the ecosystem service is closely related to the primary industry added value, which shows synergistic effect in Spatial, while competitive effect in temporal. Therefore, we should strictly abide by the cropland red line, focus on the nature reserve composed of mainly Forest National Park, enhance the ability of ecosystem service, and promote the sustainable development of human socio-economy.

Relationships among different types of ecosystem service in Southwest China

Understanding the relationships among different ecosystem services is the basis for optimizing ecological protection strategy and achieving sustainable ecological management. Based on the ecosystem services and their spatial patterns in Southwest China, we analyzed tradeoffs and synergies of five ecosystem regulation services (water retention, soil retention, carbon sequestration, biodiversity conservation, and water purification) and five provision services (rice production, wheat production, corn production, vegetable production, and fruit production) using statistical analysis, ArcGIS technology and GeoDa software. Further, we identified the win-win areas of ecosystem servi-ces through overlay analysis, and discussing the influence of ecosystem types on win-win pattern. There were synergistic relationships among different types of regulation or provision services in Southwest China, while there were both synergies and trade-offs between regulation and provision services. The high win-win areas of the total ecosystem services in Southwest China were mainly distributed in Qionglai Mountains, Ailao Mountains, Dayao Mountains, as well as Lujiang River and Lancang River basins. The proportion of forest and farmland areas significantly affected all kinds of win-win trend.

Ecosystem Services and Economic Assessment of Land Uses in Urban and Periurban Areas.

This work quantified ecosystem services (ES) and the geographic gross product (GGP) at municipal level in the Metropolitan Region of Buenos Aires (MRBA), Argentina. The ES offer and GGP were evaluated for each land use (extensive agriculture EA, intensive agriculture IA, urban and periurban agriculture UPA, green areas GA, urban use URB), expressed as a percentage (%), at the municipality level. Municipalities with a greater URB percentage (<70) presented an elevated ES offer from GA. In periurban municipalities EA contributed to ES offer more than other vegetated land uses (IA, GA, and UPA). Urban municipalities presented 20% more GGP than periurban municipalities. The GGP was negatively associated with total ES offer (-0.34) and ES offer from EA (-0.46). The identification and quantification of ES and GGP is relevant for achieving an adequate landscape planning and a sustainable environmental and economic use of urban systems.

Assessing Changes in Ecosystem Service Values over 1985–2050 in Response to Land Use and Land Cover Dynamics in Abaya-Chamo Basin, Southern Ethiopia

This study evaluated the effect of Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) dynamics on the value of ecosystem services in Abaya-Chamo basin over 1985–2050. The main objectives of the study were to estimate the value of ecosystem services of Abaya-Chamo basin using local and global ecosystem service value coefficients, assess how it changes over time, and develop tools to inform policy and public decision-making to protect lands and waters in the region. The study utilized observed (1985 and 2010) and predicted (2030 and 2050) LULC datasets and ecosystem service value coefficients obtained from publications in peer-reviewed scientific journals. The results indicated that the total ecosystem service value of Abaya-Chamo basin was 12.13 billion USD in 1985 and 12.45 billion USD in 2010. The value is predicted to increase to 12.47 billion USD by the year 2050, which is 2.84% (344.5 million USD) higher than the total value of ecosystem services of the basin in 1985. Although the total ecosystem service value of the basin showed a slight increase over the study period, it was observed that the total value of services obtained from natural ecosystems is expected to decline by 36.24% between 1985 and 2050. The losses of services obtained from natural ecosystems, such as water regulation and erosion control, are major concern as the consequence has already been reported in the basin in the form of reduced water quality and productivity of the lakes due to an increased soil erosion and sediment transport in the basin. Therefore, special attention should be given to the rehabilitation of degraded ecosystems and the protection of remaining natural vegetation and water bodies to enhance natural capital and ecosystem services in the basin. A large-scale dissemination of eco-agricultural land use practices, which provide multiple ecosystem services (such as agroforestry and heterogeneous agricultural areas) in the basin, needs to be considered in the future.

Assessing the impact of land cover changes on selected ecosystem services in upper Suha watershed, Gojjam, Ethiopia

ABSTRACT This study was conducted in the upper Suha watershed in Enemay district, Gojjam, Ethiopia. The aim of the study was to assess land use/cover (LULC) change of the study area between 1986 and 2015 and to analyse its impact on selected ecosystem services. The LULC change was assessed by using Landsat Thematic Mapper(TM) 1986 and Operational Land Imager and Thermal Infrared Sensor (OLI/TIS) 2015. The socio-economic survey was collected through key informant interviews and focus group discussion. The Landsat data were analysed using ERDAS IMAGINE 2014® and ArcGIS 10.5 ® softwares. The ecosystem services were estimated using the value transfer method. The results revealed that farmland, plantation forests and settlement increased by 18%, 93% and 125%, respectively whereas natural forest, shrubland and grassland decreased by 54%, 82% and 16%, respectively. The result also showed that the total ecosystem service value decreased from $31.5 million in 1986 to $24.36 million in 2015 mainly due to the decreasing areas of natural forest, shrubland and grasslands. The research results suggest that future land use planning should give emphasis on properly managing the natural and semi-natural vegetation that has high ecosystem service values.

Estimation of ecosystem services value based on land use and cover change information derived from remote sensing data

It is an effective method to study the value change of ecological services based on land use and cover change information. This paper analyzed the land use and cover change information in the research area, which is based on the remote sensing images and social statistics data of 2005, 2010, and 2015, and then, quantitative estimation of the ecosystem service value was performed. Yangtze-Huaihe river basin, China is a fragile ecological area, which is selected as the research area. During 2005-2015, the area of cultivated land and construction land was the main land use types in the study area, the land use and cover change in the study area were obvious, which was characterized by the increasing of construction land area and the decreasing of cultivated land area, and the total ecosystem services value in the research area has been decreasing continuously, the value from 34.376 billion yuan in 2005 to 26.161 billion yuan in 2015.

2000-2015年祁连山南坡生态系统服务价值时空变化

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 2000-2015年祁连山南坡生态系统服务价值时空变化 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201811292598 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金重点项目（41730752）；中国科学院“西部之光”人才培养计划项目；青海省创新平台建设专项（2017-ZJ-Y20） Spatio-temporal dynamics of ecosystem service value in the southern slope of Qilian Mountain from 2000 to 2015 Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: National Natural Science Foundation of China (Key Program 41730752）； 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:祁连山是我国西部重要的生态安全屏障和生物多样性保护优先区域，其中南坡地区是水源涵养服务核心区，但目前对该区域生态系统服务时空分布及动态变化仍缺乏深入认识。利用遥感技术和生态系统服务理论，综合多源数据产品，借鉴生态系统服务计算方法，对包括土壤保持等7个生态系统服务类型展开功能及价值核算，对祁连山南坡土壤保持等7个生态系统服务类型2000-2015年间的时空分异及动态展开监测和评估，研究表明：（1）近16年来祁连山南坡生态系统服务平均单位面积价值为76.27万元/km2，总价值为658.74亿元，且调节气候、水源涵养和调节空气质量服务构成了研究区生态系统服务的主体。（2）高寒草甸和高寒草原的生态系统服务总价值最高，而森林和灌丛的单位面积服务价值最高；天峻县和祁连县的生态系统服务总价值最高，而海晏县和刚察县的单位面积服务价值最高。（3）近16年来祁连山南坡生态系统服务价值呈增长趋势，其中调节气候和调节空气质量服务价值的增速最快，且增长区域主要集中在研究区北部祁连县和天峻县境内。（4）研究区东部山区、南部环湖区以及中部湿地区能够提供多项复合生态服务功能，应作为生态保护和管理的重点。研究结果能为祁连山生态红线制定及国家公园建设提供理论依据和技术支撑。 Abstract:Qilian Mountains are important ecological security barrier and priority area for biodiversity protection in western China, of which the southern slope area is the core area for water conservation services. However, at present, there is still a lack of in-depth understanding of the temporal and spatial distribution and dynamic changes of ecosystem services in this region. This paper used remote sensing technology and ecosystem service theory, and integrated multi-source data products and ecosystem service calculation methods to monitor and evaluate the spatio-temporal variation and dynamics of the values of seven ecosystem service types in the southern slope of Qilian Mountains (SSQM). The results showed that (1) in the past 16 years, the average unit area value of ecosystem service on the SSQM was 762700 yuan/km2, with a total value of 65.87 billion yuan. The climate regulation, water conservation, and air quality regulation services were the dominant service types. (2) The alpine meadow and alpine steppe had the largest total ecosystem service value (ESV), while forest and shrubland had the largest service value per unit area. Within the study area, the total ESV of Tianjun County and Qilian County was the largest, while the unit area value in Haiyan County and Gangcha County was the largest. (3) In the past 16 years, the ESV on the southern slope of Qilian Mountains has shown an increasing trend, of which the service value of climate regulation and air quality regulation had the fastest growth rate. The growth areas were mainly concentrated in Qilian County and Tianjun County in the northern part of the research area. (4) The mountain area in the east, the Qinghai lake belt in the south and the wetland area in the center can provide multiple composite ecological service functions and should be taken as the focus of the ecological protection and management. The results can provide the theoretical basis and technical support for establishment of Qilian mountain ecological red line and the construction of national parks. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

基于选择容量价值的生态补偿标准与自然资源资产价值核算——以珠江水资源供应为例

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 基于选择容量价值的生态补偿标准与自然资源资产价值核算——以珠江水资源供应为例 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201903230549 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: Quantifying the payments for ecosystem services and the value of natural resources based on the indicator of optional capacity value: a case study on water resources supply in Zhujiang River Basin, China Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:选择容量价值是指，一项人类生存生产所必需的生态系统服务，其总量为消费该生态系统服务的消费活动所提供的选择自由度（即选择容量，optional capacity）与该消费活动所产生的经济社会价值的乘积。选择容量价值将经济发展状况和资源环境状况融合了起来，实现了经济社会发展与生态环境保护的价值统一，这对于推进保护与发展相辅相成的生态文明建设具有积极意义。为了探索以选择容量价值为指标的生态补偿标准与自然资源资产价值核算框架和核算方法，以珠江流域水资源供应为例，对跨水文单元的水资源供应流动进行了生态补偿核算，对各水文单元的水资源供应的自然资源资产价值进行了量化评估研究。研究结果显示，珠江三角洲地区的水资源供应的选择容量价值大部分（约74%）来自上游水文单元的跨区输入，而上游水文单元所提供的水资源供应的选择容量价值也在相当程度上依赖于下游水文单元的经济社会发展。基于跨区流动的水资源供应的选择容量价值，可以按照"共享共担"和"同工同酬"原则进行跨区生态补偿核算；基于各水文单元所提供的水资源供应的选择容量价值，可以对各单元内自然资源资产价值进行核定，这对于协调区域发展推进西江-珠江经济带流域生态文明建设具有重要意义。 Abstract:The ecosystem services (ES) optional capacity value (OCV) indicates the optional capacity of supporting the total value produced by human being's economic and social activities (TVPH) provided by the total volume of an ES which is indispensable to human survival. The OCV is described by the product of multiplying the TVPH by the optional capacity. The optional capacity is defined by the freedom of choosing the ES consumption from total ES volume, which is indicated by the average uncertainty of choosing the ES consumption from its total volume. The average uncertainty is described by log base 2, which indicates the uncertainty in a binary decision and is measured in bits. As combining the socio-economic index (i.e. TVPH) and the ES indexes (i.e. total ES volume and ES consumption), the OCV indicates the socio-economic conditions and the ES conditions at the same time. As the OCV describes the complementarity of development and protection, the usage of OCV in ES management will promote the endeavor for ecological civilization. However, how to introduce the OCV into management practice is still unclear. Especially, the method of how to introduce OCV into the frameworks and methods of quantifying the payments for ecosystem services (PES) and the value of natural resources (VNR) is needed to study urgently. To explore the frameworks and methods of quantifying the PES and the VNR based on the indicator of OCV, we analyzed the OCV of water resources supply in Zhujiang River Basin, China. Then, the PES between hydrologic units was discussed based on the OCV of ES spatial subsidies. The value of water resources in each hydrologic unit was quantified using the OCV of water resources supply. The results showed that the OCV of water resources supply of the hydrologic unit was supplied mostly (nearly 74%) by the subsidies from upstream hydrologic units. The value of water resources in each hydrologic unit (except the Zhujiang Delta) was more or less affected by the socio-economic conditions in downstream hydrologic units. We discussed the framework of the PES along with the principles of (1) interests sharing and responsibilities bearing, and (2) equal pay for equal work and based on the OCV of water resources supply of passing-by water. We also discussed the framework of water resources value quantification based on the OCV of water resources supply in our case study. It is obvious that these two frameworks based on the OCV will coordinate the development between hydrologic units and promote the watershed ecological civilization of Zhujiang River Basin. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

选择容量价值:一个新的生态系统服务价值指标

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 选择容量价值:一个新的生态系统服务价值指标 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201903070437 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: Ecosystem services optional capacity value: A new indicator for valuation of ecosystem services Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:对生态系统服务进行价值评估有助于落实生态系统的科学管理和推动生态补偿的科学实施。然而，传统的生态系统服务价值评估方法在管理实践应用中存在明显的局限性。为了规避这些局限性，另辟一条对生态系统服务价值评估的新思路，提出了描述生态系统服务价值的新指标——"选择容量价值"。选择容量价值以两个事实为基本依据：1）如果失去了任何一项生存所必需的生态系统服务（比如氧气、水），那么人类就无法生存，亦即人类经济社会活动所产生的价值是建立在消费该生态系统服务的基础上的；2）如果没有人类活动的存在，那么生态系统就给人类提供不了任何价值，亦即生态系统服务价值的度量是建立在生态系统服务所支持的人类经济社会活动所产生的价值上的。选择容量价值是指，一项人类生存生产所必需的生态系统服务，其总量为消费该生态系统服务的消费活动所提供的选择自由度（即选择容量）与该消费活动所产生的经济社会活动总价值的乘积，用非货币单位来计量。通过一个案例——对珠江流域的水资源供应的选择容量价值的估算，揭示选择容量价值对理解和量化生态系统服务价值的新洞察。结果显示，选择容量价值能够直观而综合地反映生态系统服务总量、生态系统服务消费量、社会经济活动总价值之间的关系，为理解和量化生态系统服务价值提供新视角，也为理解和量化上下游间的生态系统服务输移的价值核算提供新思路。这对当前的生态系统服务价值研究范式具有补充作用。 Abstract:The valuation of ecosystem services (ESs) is helpful for effective ES management and scientific payment for ecosystem services (PES). However, there are many limitations to traditional ES valuation approaches, including the theoretical challenges and the practical difficulties. These limitations cause many difficulties in the practice of ES management and PES. To circumvent these limitations, we proposed a new indicator for the valuation ES, which we termed the ES optional capacity value (OCV). The OCV was based on two axioms: (1) human life would end if we lose any essential ES for human survival (such as oxygen or freshwater); and (2) ecosystems cannot provide any benefits to people without human activities. OCV indicates the optional capacity of supporting the total value produced by a human's economic and social activities (TVPH) provided by the total volume of an ES that was indispensable to human survival. OCV was described by the product of TVPH and the selective degree of freedom. The selective degree of freedom was evaluated by the average uncertainty of selecting the ES consumption from the total ES volume. Then, we demonstrated the new insights into OCV to assist in the understanding and quantification of ES, based on a simple case study that valued the OCV of water provision in Zhujiang River Basin (Pearl River Basin), China. The results showed that OCV could directly reflect the relationship among the total volume of an ES, the consumption volume of an ES, and the TVPH. OCV provided a new insight for understanding and measuring the value of ES. In particular, the OCV provided a clear insight into understanding and measuring the value of ES subsidies between regions. It has potential to form a significant framework for valuing ES as a complementary approach to traditional ES valuation. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Ecosystem Service Values Changes in Response to Land-Use/Land-Cover Dynamics in Dry Afromontane Forest in Northern Ethiopia.

Despite their importance as sources of ecosystem services supporting the livelihoods of millions of people, forest ecosystems have been changing into other land use systems over the past decades across the world. While forest cover change dynamics have been widely documented in various ecological systems, how these changes affect ecosystem service values has received limited attention. In this study we assessed the impact of land-use/land-cover dynamics on ecosystem service values in dry Afromontane forest in Northern Ethiopia. We estimated ecosystem service values and their changes based on the benefit transfer method using land cover data of the years 1985, 2000, and 2016 with their corresponding locally valid value coefficients and from the Ecosystem service valuation database. The total ecosystem service values of the whole study area were about USD 16.6, 19.0, and 18.1 million in 1985, 2000, and 2016, respectively. The analyses indicated an increase in ecosystem service values from 1985 to 2000 and a decrease in ecosystem service values from 2000 to 2016. Similarly, the contribution of specific ecosystem services increased in the first study period and decreased in the second study period. The findings highlight how forest cover dynamics can be translated into changes in ecosystem service values in dry Afromontane forest ecosystems in Northern Ethiopia and showed how specific ecosystem services contributed to the observed trends. The findings also illustrated the temporal heterogeneity in the impacts of land-use/land-cover dynamics on values of ecosystem services. The findings can serve as crucial inputs for policy and strategy formulations for the sustainable use and management of forest resources and can also guide the allocation of limited resources among competing demands to safeguard the ecosystems that offer the best-valued services.

Assessment of Ecosystem Service Values of Urban Parks in Improving Air Quality: A Case Study of Wuhan, China

Assessing ecosystem service values of urban parks can promote understanding of urban green space protection and management. In this study, ecosystem services of air quality purification from 40 sample parks with different areas and land cover compositions were assessed based on literature records and high-resolution images. Six typical ecological benefits of CO2 sequestration, O2 generation, air temperature amelioration, SO2 removal, NOx removal, and dust interception were estimated. The results showed similar proportions of different ecosystem service values to total. The ecological services of CO2 sequestration and O2 generation contributed the majority of total ecosystem service value, with percentages ranging from 69.34% to 73.76% and from 20.52% to 21.71%, respectively. There was very wide variation of ecosystem service values among urban parks. Multivariate regression between ecosystem service values and spatial characteristics of urban parks revealed that park areas of forest and water played a vital role in service value. For a given park, the total service value could be increased by up to 600% if the park was redesigned with consideration of land cover composition. This study provides sound scientific information for urban planners and greening designers to optimize urban park layout.

Effects of rapid urbanization on ecological functional vulnerability of the land system in Wuhan, China: A flow and stock perspective

Exploring how rapid urbanization affects ecological functional vulnerability is a key issue in regional ecological risk assessment. This paper proposes a complex network approach to explore the response of ecological functional vulnerability to different urbanization scenarios from the perspective of stock and flow for the case study area of the Wuhan City in China. The paper aims to (1) establish a theoretical framework to explain how the urbanization process degrades ecological functions of the land system from a flow and stock perspective, (2) evaluate stock and flow changes of ecosystem service value triggered by land use change, and (3) explore the impact of different urbanization scenarios and different management costs on ecological functional vulnerability by combining two indicators, i.e., ecosystem service value change and ecological load entropy. Our results for Wuhan reveal that (1) non-ecological flows or degraded ecological flows are responsible for the increase in ecological functional vulnerability, (2) the total ecosystem service stock of the land system had slightly increased during 1990–2015, contributing to an enhanced ecological flow, (3) the critical points for maintaining the proper functioning of the land system are 80% or higher for cropland and 40% or higher for lake. These findings can provide critical references for the sustainable management of urban land system in Wuhan and other major cities in China. This study also suggest that the combination of ecosystem service value change and ecological load entropy can be used to comprehensively assess ecological functional vulnerability.