Total Dimension Research Articles

Peculiarities of correlations between spirometric and anthropometric indicators in practically healthy young women of mesomorphic somatotype

The issue of studying the relationships between indicators of the external structure of the body and spirographic parameters in persons of a certain sex, age, ethno-territorial zoning remains relevant, especially from the point of view of the need to determine the reference values of indicators of external breathing. The purpose of the study was to determine the peculiarities of the relationship between spirographic parameters and indicators of the external structure of the body in practically healthy young women of the mesomorphic constitutional type of the Podilia region of Ukraine. We conducted a complex clinical and laboratory study of young women aged 16 to 20 years, which corresponds to the youthful period of ontogenesis. 109 practically healthy young women were selected, in whom no deviations in the state of health were detected according to the results of radiography, echocardiography, tetrapolar rheovasography and rheoencephalography, sonographic examination of parenchymal organs of the abdominal cavity and thyroid gland, general and biochemical blood analysis. For this group of subjects, we performed a spirographic examination using the Medgraphics Pulmonary Function System 1070 series according to the methodology of the American Pulmonology Association and the European Respiratory Society (2019). The anthropometric study was carried out according to the method of V. V. Bunak (1941), the somatotypological study – according to the calculated modification of the Heath-Carter method (1990). The assessment of the component composition of body weight was carried out according to Matiegka method (1921). After somatotyping, it was found that 32 young women had a mesomorphic type of constitution, for which Spearman’s correlation analysis was conducted in the licensed software package “Statistica 5.5”. It was established that the majority of spirographic indicators in practically healthy young women of the mesomorphic somatotype had isolated statistically significant correlations with anthropo-somatotypological parameters, with the exception of parameters that reflect lung capacities. Vital capacity at rest, had the largest number and strength of correlations, was significantly associated with the value of 24 anthropo-somatotypological indicators. Total, longitudinal and girth body dimensions, the ectomorphic component of the somatotype, muscle, bone and fat mass of the body were most often correlated with the capacity indicators of external respiration. All speed spirographic indicators and maximum peak expiratory flow were correlated with the skinfold thickness. The study of correlations is the basis of further mathematical modeling to determine the appropriate spirographic indicators in an individual representative of the female sex of the juvenile age of the mesomorphic somatotype.

Correlations of the dermatoscopic index with anthropometric and somatotypological parameters of men with benign nevi

Malignant transformation of benign nevi is one of the factors that leads to increased scientific interest in the study of the pathogenesis of their occurrence, the influence of external factors on them, etc. One of the still unsolved issues is the study of the relationship between the features of nevi indicators and the anthropometric parameters of the human body. The purpose of the work is to investigate the peculiarities of correlations of the dermatoscopic index with anthropometric and somatotypological indicators of Ukrainian men with benign nevi. A clinical, laboratory and pathogistological examination of 34 Ukrainian men of first adulthood with melanocytic benign simple nevi, 27 with melanocytic benign dysplastic nevi, 14 with melanocytic benign congenital nevi, and 17 with non-melanocytic benign nevi was carried out. The dermatoscopic index was calculated according to the “ABCD rule of dermatoscopy”. Anthropometric examination was carried out according to Bunak’s scheme. The Heath-Carter mathematical scheme was used to assess the somatotype. Matiegka formulas were used to calculate fat, bone and muscle components of body mass. In addition, the muscle component of body weight was estimated according to the method of the American Institute of Nutrition. The assessment of correlations between the dermatoscopic index and body parameters was carried out in the license package “Statistica 6.0” using the non-parametric method of Spearman. An analysis of multiple reliable and average strength of unreliable correlations between the value of the dermatoscopic index and anthropo-somatotypological indicators in men with benign nevi was performed. In men with simple melanocytic nevi, only moderately strong direct (r = from 0.30 to 0.34), mostly unreliable, correlations with all sizes of the pelvis were established. In men with melanocytic dysplastic nevi, inverse correlations of medium strength, mostly reliable (r = from -0.38 to -0.52) were established with all dimensions of the pelvis and almost all transverse dimensions of the trunk, as well as with almost half of the indicators of the skinfold thickness. In men with melanocytic congenital nevi, direct, mostly unreliable (r = from 0.30 to 0.47) correlations were established with all dimensions of the pelvis, with almost all transverse dimensions of the trunk, with almost half of the girth of the body and indicators of the skinfold thickness and almost all indicators of the component composition of body weight. In men with non-melanocytic nevi, direct, mostly unreliable (r = from 0.30 to 0.47) correlations were established with all transverse dimensions of the trunk and pelvis, most of the total and girth dimensions of the body. Quantitative analysis of reliable and average strength of unreliable correlations between the value of the dermatoscopic index and anthropo-somatotypological indicators was also carried out. The established features of the correlations expand modern ideas about the risk of benign nevi.

Краниологическая находка на площади Никульцинского могильника фатьяновской культуры эпохи бронзы в Ярославской области

The results of a craniometric study of the skull of a man from a destroyed burial on the territory of the burial ground of the Upper Volga variant of the Fatyanovo culture are published. It belongs to a long-headed hyperdolichocrane very Caucasoid anthropological type with moderate latitudinal parameters of the facial structure, characterizing the physical appearance of the population of the Fatyanovo culture. To verify the assumption of a different cultural and chronological affiliation of the cranium, a principal component analysis was carried out. It includes individual measurements of skulls of the same subgroup of the Upper Volga group of the Fatyanovo culture, craniological materials from the medieval burial mounds of the Yaroslavl Krivichs, and to clarify the scale of statistical comparison, a skull from the burial culture of the Ryazan-Oka burial grounds from the burial of Undrich-90. A set of features distinguishing the population of the Fatyanovo culture and the medieval one on the territory of the Yaroslavl Volga region, and largely corresponding to epochal trends, is highlighted. It includes larger total dimensions of the skull sections, a slightly more inclined forehead, a clinognathic horizontal profiling at the upper level of a more orthognathic facial section, a higher nose bridge and significantly outstanding nasal bones on Bronze Age materials. According to the results of statistical analysis, the skull from the Nikultsino burial ground differs from the medieval ones, and morphologically is most similar to the materials of the Fatyanovo culture, especially from the same and neighboring Voronkovo burial grounds.

MmWave Polarization Diversity Wideband Multiple-Input/Multiple-Output Antenna System with Symmetrical Geometry for Future Compact Devices

The fifth generation (5G) of mobile networks is a significant technological advancement in telecommunications that provides faster data speeds, lower latency, and greater network capacity. One of the key technologies that enables 5G is multiple-input/multiple-output (MIMO) antenna systems, which allow for the transmission and reception of multiple data streams simultaneously, improving network performance and efficiency. MIMO is essential to meeting the demand for higher data rates and improved network performance in 5G networks. This work presents a four-element MIMO antenna system dedicated to the upper 5G millimeter-wave (mmWave) spectrum. The suggested antenna system is designed using an ultra-thin RO5880 substrate having total dimensions of 20 × 20 × 0.254 mm3 with symmetrical geometry. The proposed antenna covers a fractional bandwidth of 46.875% (25–38 GHz), covering potential 5G bands of 26, 28, and 32 GHz, and offers isolation of >18 dB. The proposed MIMO system is fabricated and tested in-house. The antenna showed efficiency >88% at the potential band of interest and a peak gain of 3.5 dBi. The orthogonal arrangement of the resonating elements provides polarization diversity. Also, the MIMO parameters obtained, such as mean effective gain (MEG), envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), diversity gain (DG), channel capacity loss (CCL), and total active reflection coefficient (TARC), are found to have good performance. The measured results obtained are found to be in good agreement with simulations, hence making the proposed MIMO antenna suitable for handheld mmWave 5G devices.

Assessment of Health Services Provided by Women's Health Centre, Nasser Institute for Research and Treatment, Cairo

Background Healthcare quality has become an important topic for practitioners, researchers and managers as it has great effect on cost reduction and services improvement. Recently, the role of individuals working in health institutions is very important for reaching the institutions’ goals. The satisfaction of the healthcare workers and the consequences of their satisfaction are good indicators of the quality and well-being of workers’ life. Patient satisfaction is a subjective evaluation of the health service received against client’s expectations. It is principally based on evaluating seven health service dimensions: general satisfaction, technical quality, interpersonal aspects, communication, financial aspects, time spent with doctor, and the ease of contact or availability. Objective To assess health services in women health centre in Nasser Institute and to analyze the customers’ opinions at women’s health centre. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted at women’s health centre in Nasser institute for research and treatment. Evaluation of services in the women's health centre was done according to Well-Woman recommendations. The healthcare workers in the centre were 10 and all of them were given self-administered job satisfaction questionnaire adapted from a questionnaire of a previous study in Nigeria. Sample of client women included 210 women visiting the centre who were interviewed using SERVQUAL (questionnaire. Results Immunization services were missing at the centre according to Well-Woman recommendations. Regarding, health care workers, mean age of participating healthcare workers (Mean ± SD) was 45 ± 9.6 years. The majority of healthcare workers were female (80%). Sixty percent of healthcare workers think that there is a need to improve the service packages. Regarding women seeking the services in the centre, the mean age of study participants (Mean ± SD) was 53.7 ± 11.4 years. Most of participating women were between 45 to less than 65 years (62.9%). Most of them (82.4%) were highly educated, 69.5 % were married and 78.1% knew the services from friends and relatives. Average gap score of total SERVQUAL dimensions was (Mean ± SD) 0.6 ± 0.3. Conclusions and recommendations According to Well-Woman recommendation, there is a defect in the comprehensive medical services in women health centre at Nasser Institute and immunization is absent. Total satisfaction rate was high for healthcare workers and women receiving the service. It is recommended to introduce more services in the centre such as immunization as well as more investigations such as Hepatitis C and B testing. Periodic professional development and training programs for healthcare workers are also recommended.

Super-compact equal/unequal half-mode substrate integrated waveguide filtering power dividers using complementary G-shaped resonator

ABSTRACT In this paper, three super-compact equal/unequal filtering power dividers (FPDs) by combining the half-mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) platform and the metamaterial unit cell are proposed. To miniaturized the total dimension of the proposed equal/unequal FPDs, the evanescent mode technique, the half-mode technique, and the stepped-impedance resonator (SIR) technique have been utilized, simultaneously. In the modified metamaterial unit cell, which is called the complementary G-shaped resonator (CGR) unit cell, the quasi stepped-impedance slot line is replaced instead of the conventional slot line in the circular complementary split-ring resonator (CSRR) unit cell. Accordingly, the electrical size of the modified CGR unit cell is smaller than the conventional circular CSRR unit cell with the same physical sizes. Employing the introduced CGR unit cell and HMSIW structure, three equal/unequal FPDs with arbitrary power-dividing ratios have been designed and simulated. To illustration the performance of the proposed components, three HMSIW FPDs with different power division ratios of 1:1, 1:4, and 1:8 have been fabricated and measured. A reasonable agreement between simulated and measured results has been achieved. The results demonstrate that a miniaturization factor of about 0.64 is achieved.

Reducing radar cross section of flat metallic targets using checkerboard metasurface: Design, analysis, and realization

Aiming at the large-scale application of metasurface in the field of radar stealth, we present a hybrid resonance-based and dispersion substrate integrated checkerboard metasurface (CMS) for reducing the radar cross section (RCS) of flat metallic targets. Considering the frequency-dependent characteristics of such a dispersion material, a pair of single and dual resonant artificial magnetic conductor meta-atoms with the modified “crusades-like” cell topologies is employed to maximize the operating bandwidth; besides, a comprehensive and thorough investigation on the resonance mechanism is conducted in this paper to provide an intuitive physical insight of meta-atoms’ reflection responses. By comparing the predicted results with simulations, the quasi-periodic effect is introduced to explain the frequency shift of 10 dB RCS reduction bandwidth. In the implementation procedure, a prototype of the designed RCS reducer with a total dimension of 180 × 180 mm2 is fabricated and measured, the 10 dB RCS reduction bandwidth of theoretical simulation and experimental measurement are basically consistent, and the performance improvement of 8 dB RCS reduction in the experimental results can be attributed to the dispersion effects of the dielectric substrate. With a better figure of merit, our efforts may serve as a useful exemplar for the economical CMS architecture in radar evasive applications.

Association between life events, anxiety, depression and non-suicidal self-injury behavior in Chinese psychiatric adolescent inpatients: a cross-sectional study.

Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a major public health concern among adolescents. Further research is needed into contributors to this behavior, in particular among adolescents with psychiatric disorders. The aim of the present study was to explore the impact of life events and emotional stress on NSSI among hospitalized psychiatric adolescents. In this cross-sectional study, 505 Chinese psychiatric adolescent inpatients 10-19 years old completed questionnaires about sociodemographic characteristics and NSSI as well as the Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Checklist (ASLEC), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Form Y, and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Chi-square test was used to compare the incidence of NSSI in psychiatric adolescent patients with different sociodemographic. T-test was used to compare the total scores and dimension scores of the ASLEC, STAI-Y, and CES-D between the NSSI group and the non-NSSI group. A binary logistic regression model was built to explore the relationships among sociodemographic characteristics, questionnaire scores and NSSI. Most psychiatric adolescent inpatients (393, 77.8%) reported NSSI behavior. The higher risk for NSSI was observed among female (odds ratio [OR] 2.665, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.575-4.510), younger adolescents (10-14 years; OR 2.021, 95% CI 1.258-3.245), with a suicide history (OR 2.479, 95% CI 1.549-3.967), or with depression symptom (OR 3.217, 95% CI 1.572-6.582) and those with higher scores of ASLEC (OR 1.019, 95% CI 1.010-1.029). Our study in China is one of the first to apply to adolescent inpatients the diagnostic criteria of NSSI in the latest edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Our analysis suggests that NSSI prevalence is disturbingly high among adolescents with mental illness in China. A better understanding of contributing factors, especially negative life events and negative emotions, may guide interventions that can reduce its prevalence.

Yüksek Öğrenim Öğrencilerinin COVID-19 Pandemisinde Uzaktan Eğitime İlişkin Görüşleri: Karma Yöntem

This study, designed with a convergent parallel mixed method, was conducted to assess the views of health sciences faculty' students on distance education during the COVID-19 pandemic. Quantitative data were applied in a web-based form with the socio-demographic form and the Views on Distance Education Scale. Qualitative data were collected by computer interviews using a video conference tool. Analyses were conducted using nonparametric test methods. For comparisons involving more than two groups, the Kruskal-Wallis H test was applied, and the Mann-Whitney U test was applied for comparisons involving two groups. The Spearman Correlation test was used to examine how the dimensions related. In the qualitative section, the content analysis method was preferred. Comparative analyses of the total scale dimension, sub-dimensions, and socio-demographic characteristics revealed significant differences (p

Miniaturised dual-modality all-optical ultrasound probe for laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) monitoring.

All-optical ultrasound (OpUS) has emerged as an imaging paradigm well-suited to minimally invasive imaging due to its ability to provide high resolution imaging from miniaturised fibre optic devices. Here, we report a fibre optic device capable of concurrent laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) and real-time in situ all-optical ultrasound imaging for lesion monitoring. The device comprised three optical fibres: one each for ultrasound transmission, reception and thermal therapy light delivery. This device had a total lateral dimension of <1 mm and was integrated into a medical needle. Simultaneous LITT and monitoring were performed on ex vivo lamb kidney with lesion depth tracked using M-mode OpUS imaging. Using one set of laser energy parameters for LITT (5 W, 60 s), the lesion depth varied from 3.3 mm to 8.3 mm. In all cases, the full lesion depth could be visualised and measured with the OpUS images and there was a good statistical agreement with stereomicroscope images acquired after ablation (t=1.36, p=0.18). This work demonstrates the feasibility and potential of OpUS to guide LITT in tumour resection.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on obsessive-compulsive symptoms in the Swiss general population.

In the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, mental-health experts called attention to a possible deterioration of obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCSs). In particular, people suffering from a fear of contamination were considered a vulnerable population. The aim of this study was to investigate the change in OCSs from before to during the pandemic within the Swiss general population, and to examine a possible relationship of OCSs to stress and anxiety. This cross-sectional study was implemented as an anonymized online survey (N = 3,486). The Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R) was used to assess global OCS severity (range: 0-72, clinical cut-off > 18) and specific OCS dimensions (range: 0-12) during the second wave of the pandemic and retrospectively for before the pandemic. Participants were asked to report stress and anxiety in the previous 2 weeks before the survey. Participants reported significantly higher OCI-R total scores during (12.73) compared to before the pandemic (9.04, mean delta increase: 3.69). Significantly more individuals reported an OCI-R total score exceeding the clinical cut-off during (24%) than before the pandemic (13%). OCS severity increased on all symptom dimensions, but was most pronounced on the washing dimension (all with p < 0.001). Self-reported stress and anxiety were weakly associated with differences in severity in total score and symptom dimensions (with R2 < 0.1 and p < 0.001). Our results indicate that the full spectrum of people with OCS should be considered as risk groups for symptom deterioration during a pandemic and when assessing its possible long-term effects of such.

The quality of migrant patients’ primary healthcare experiences and patient-centered medical home achievement by community health centers: results from the China greater bay area study

BackgroundIn China, Community Health Centers (CHCs) provide primary healthcare (PHC); however, few studies have examined the quality of PHC services experienced by migrant patients. We examined the potential association between the quality of migrant patients’ PHC experiences and the achievement of Patient-Centered Medical Home by CHCs in China.MethodsBetween August 2019 and September 2021, 482 migrant patients were recruited from ten CHCs in China’s Greater Bay Area. We evaluated CHC service quality using the National Committee for Quality Assurance Patient-Centered Medical Home (NCQA-PCMH) questionnaire. We additionally assessed the quality of migrant patients’ PHC experiences using the Primary Care Assessment Tools (PCAT). General linear models (GLM) were used to examine the association between the quality of migrant patients’ PHC experiences and the achievement of PCMH by CHCs, adjusting for covariates.ResultsThe recruited CHCs performed poorly on PCMH1, Patient-Centered Access (7.2 ± 2.0), and PCMH2, Team-Based Care (7.4 ± 2.5). Similarly, migrant patients assigned low scores to PCAT dimension C—First-contact care—which assesses access (2.98 ± 0.03), and D—Ongoing care (2.89 ± 0.03). On the other hand, higher-quality CHCs were significantly associated with higher total and dimensional PCAT scores, except for dimensions B and J. For example, the total PCAT score increased by 0.11 (95% CI: 0.07–0.16) with each increase of CHC PCMH level. We additionally identified associations between older migrant patients (> 60 years) and total PCAT and dimension scores, except for dimension E. For instance, the average PCAT score for dimension C among older migrant patients increased by 0.42 (95% CI: 0.27–0.57) with each increase of CHC PCMH level. Among younger migrant patients, this dimension only increased by 0.09 (95% CI: 0.03–0.16).ConclusionMigrant patients treated at higher-quality CHCs reported better PHC experiences. All observed associations were stronger for older migrants. Our results may inform future healthcare quality improvement studies that focus on the PHC service needs of migrant patients.

Triple-Band Reconfigurable Monopole Antenna for Long-Range IoT Applications

In this study, a novel reconfigurable triple-band monopole antenna for LoRa IoT applications is fabricated on an FR-4 substrate. The proposed antenna is designed to function at three distinct LoRa frequency bands: 433 MHz, 868 MHz, and 915 MHz covering the LoRa bands in Europe, America, and Asia. The antenna is reconfigurable by using a PIN diode switching mechanism, which allows for the selection of the desired operating frequency band based on the state of the diodes. The antenna is designed using CST MWS® software 2019 and optimized for maximum gain, good radiation pattern and efficiency. The antenna with a total dimension of 80 mm × 50 mm × 0.6 mm (0.12λ0×0.07λ0 × 0.001λ0 at 433 MHz) has a gain of 2 dBi, 1.9 dBi, and 1.9 dBi at 433 MHz, 868 MHz, and 915 MHz, respectively, with an omnidirectional H-plane radiation pattern and a radiation efficiency above 90% across the three frequency bands. The fabrication and measurement of the antenna have been carried out, and the results of simulation and measurements are compared. The agreement among the simulation and measurement results confirms the design’s accuracy and the antenna’s suitability for LoRa IoT applications, particularly in providing a compact, flexible, and energy efficient communication solution for different LoRa frequency bands.

Association of Physical Activity With Cognitive Function Among Older Adults in Rural Sichuan, China.

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between total physical activity and different dimensions of cognitive function (orientation, attention, and memory) among older adults in rural Sichuan, China. This cross-sectional study involved 715 older adults (average age of 72years). Total PA was measured by the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly, and cognitive function was assessed by the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS) questionnaire. The multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that total PA and household PA were significantly associated with the overall Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status score (β = 0.143, p < .001; β = 0.115, p = .002, respectively), the orientation dimension (β = 0.142, p < .001; β = 0.131, p = .001, respectively), and the memory dimension (β = 0.179, p < .001; β = 0.134, p = .001, respectively). The study showed a positive association between total PA, household PA, and cognitive function in older adults, especially in the orientation dimension and the memory dimension of cognitive function.

Semi-Implantable Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) System Integrated With On-Chip Power Management Unit (PMU) for Neuromodulation Application

Miniaturization of the neuromodulation system is important for non-invasive or sub-invasive optogenetic application. This work presents an optimized wireless power transfer (WPT) system integrated with an on-chip rectification circuitry and an off-chip stimulation circuitry for optogenetic stimulation of freely moving rodents. The proposed WPT system is built using parallel transmitter (TX) coils on printed circuit board (PCB) and wire-wound based receiver (RX) coil followed by a seven-stage voltage doubler and a low dropout regulator (LDO) circuit designed in 180 nm standard Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) process. A pulse stimulation is used to stimulate the neurons which is generated using a commercially available off-the-shelf (COTS) components based oscillator circuit. The intensity of the stimulation is controlled by using a COTS based LED driver circuit which controls the current through the <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu$</tex-math></inline-formula> LED. The total dimension of the RX coil is 8 mm × 3.4 mm. The maximum power transfer efficiency (PTE) of the proposed WPT system is <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sim$</tex-math></inline-formula> 35% and the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the rectifier is 52%. The proposed system with reconfigurable stimulation frequency is suitable for exciting different brain areas for long-term health monitoring.

Highly decoupled and high gain conformal two-port MIMO antenna for V2X communications

This research provides an illustration of a straightforward, budget-friendly, and low-profile multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna that is able to function at 5.9 GHz and has lowered mutual coupling between the antenna parts. The frequency spectrum of this antenna for automotive communications ranges from 5.85 GHz to 5.95 GHz. It is created specifically for this range. The suggested antenna has not one but two distinct radiating components, each of which is slit in order to give a significant amount of isolation between the radiators. The MIMO antenna has a total dimension of 60 × 87 mm2, which is notably tiny for Vehicular to anything (V2X) applications. Additionally, the MIMO antenna is printed on a 0.6 mm thick flexible polymide substrate. The most important takeaway from this study is that it is possible to achieve extremely low isolation (less than 28 dB) over the entire operational range. The suggested antenna for V2X communications has a radiation efficiency of around 95%, which allows it to achieve an Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC) of less than 0.001. The suggested configuration is analyzed in terms of S-parameters, radiation properties such as a two-dimensional radiation pattern, efficiency, and gain, as well as MIMO parameters. With such low-profile design the designed antenna achieves significant improvement in isolation radiation performance in the desired band of operation without adopting decoupling mechanism proves that the conformal antenna that is suggested in this study has been shown to be an important contender for vehicular communications.

Impacts of mineralogy and pore structure on spontaneous imbibition in tight glutenite reservoirs

Spontaneous imbibition plays a critical role in the two-phase flow in hydraulic fractures of tight reservoirs. Although massive contributions have been devoted to addressing this issue, very few studies focus on tight glutenite reservoirs, which is an important member of tight reservoirs. As a result, the imbibition mechanism and its influencing factors are still unclear, several key factors fail to be captured, and in-depth analyses are lacking in spontaneous imbibition for tight glutenite reservoirs. In light of the current knowledge gaps, this study conducted a series of water imbibition experiments, combined with X-ray diffraction tests, thin section and scanning electron microscopy observations, high-pressure mercury intrusion experiments, and corrected contact angle experiments to reveal the impacts of rock mineralogy and pore structure on spontaneous imbibition, and significance levels of main influential factors were determined by grey relation analysis. Results show that: 1) the hydrophilic mineral that exceeds 94% provides a strong driving force for water imbibition. Intergranular pore and gravel boost imbibition recovery through enhancing imbibition and drainage ability, respectively. However, intergranular dissolved pore is unfavorable for water imbibition due to extremely rough surface and small radius. Medium-size sand also has a negative impact because of incremental flow tortuosity and pore coordination number reduction; 2) A large percentage of micropore and macropore can significantly enhance imbibition rate and recovery. Three fractal characteristics in micropore, identified for the first time, complicates water imbibition process in tight glutenites. A critical total fractal dimension of micropore is observed, above which the negative influence magnitude of complex pore structure on spontaneous imbibition gradually decreases; 3) Water imbibition sequence and diversities of imbibition phenomena are significantly affected by the combination of multi-fractal dimensions and heterogeneous distributions of pore volume in different fractal regions. The superposition of smallest fractal dimension and the largest pore volume leads to the best imbibition recovery in the transition stage of imbibition, which is an extremely time-consuming process; 4) Upon grey relation analysis, oil drainage ability is the most critical factor for water imbibition in tight glutenites. These observations deepen our understanding of the distinctive imbibition mechanisms in tight glutenite reservoirs.

Analytical Synthesis of an Aircraft’s Lateral Motion Control by Output at the Lack of Measurements of Slip and Roll Angles

For a linearized fourth-order model describing the lateral motion of an aircraft with two controls, the stabilizing control laws analytical expressions are obtained at the lack of measurements of slip and roll angles. Analytical synthesis is based on a new approach of solving the problem of control by output. In contrast to the traditional Van der Woude approach using multilevel decomposition, the proposed approach is applicable to a wide class of systems with total dimension of control and observation vectors not exceeding the dimension of state vector. A compact formula is presented that determines the matrix of controller by output for a fourth-order dynamic system with two inputs and two outputs, provided that the indices of controllability and observability are not equal to each other. The results of simulation of control processes are given on the example of stabilization of the lateral motion of a hypothetical aircraft.

The Effect of Teacher Autonomy on Teachers' Professional Dedication

The aim of this research is to determine the effect of teacher autonomy on dedication to the teaching profession according to teacher perceptions. The research was designed in the causal relational survey model to determine the relationship between teacher autonomy and dedication to the teaching profession. The study population of the research consisted of 475 teachers working in primary schools in the city center of Bolu, and feedback was obtained from 318 teachers. Teacher Autonomy Scale and Teaching Profession Scale were used as data collection tools in the research. Parametric tests were used in my research because the data showed a normal distribution. According to the results of the research, although it is a positive result that teachers' autonomy is at a high level in the dimensions of scale total, teaching process, and professional communication autonomy, it is a remarkable result that it is at a medium level in the dimensions of curriculum autonomy and professional development autonomy. Teachers' perceptions of dedication to the profession are high in all dimensions, including commitment to the profession, devotion to students, and self-sacrificing work on the total scale. In general, there is a positive, moderate, and high level significant relationship between the whole and dimensions of the teacher autonomy scale and the scale of dedication to the teaching profession. Teacher autonomy is a significant predictor of commitment to the teaching profession. Teacher autonomy scale sub-dimensions: the scale of dedication to the teaching profession significantly predicts the dimensions of commitment to the profession, dedication to students, and selfless work.

A novel fan beam and high gain antenna array for outdoor applications

This paper introduces a novel high gain and wideband antenna array at 5 GHz for outdoor applications. The proposed array consists of a 2×9 elements planar array and a reflector. This antenna has a gain peak of 15.7 dBi and a bandwidth of 2 GHz from 4.0 GHz to 6.0 GHz. The angle coverage of 240° in the azimuth plane with gain 2 dBi higher. The total dimension of the antenna array is 31.5×13.4×1.2 cm3 which is fabricated on RO4003C substrate. The antenna has been fabricated and measured, the measurement and the simulation results are in good agreement.