Total Beck Depression Inventory Research Articles

EMDR Flash Technique in adolescents with depression: A twelve-week follow-up study.

This study aims to investigate the specific effects of the EMDR Flash Technique on adolescents with depression. This follow-up study consists of 32 adolescents, 12-17years of age (M = 14.34, SD = 1.56), including 7 males and 25 females. They were evaluated with Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children Present, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Children Revised Impact of Event Scale-8 (Crıes-8). These were administered at baseline, at the end of the 4th and 12th weeks of treatment. The EMDR Flash Technique which can be utilized in the preparation phase of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) to reduce the intensity of highly distressing memories rapidly and relatively painlessly was applied for 12weeks, one session per week as a free-standing intervention. Also, the EMDR Flash Technique can be effective in decreasing the rate of noncompliance and drop-outs of adolescents. The baseline means of total BDI scores decreased from 48.19 to 2.16 at the end of the 12th week of treatment. Also, the CRIES scores decreased from 31.78 to 0.44 at the end of the 12th week of treatment. In addition, the baseline means of SUD scores decreased from 9.53 to zero at the end of the 12th week of treatment. Overall, our results underscore the effectiveness of the EMDR-Flash Technique in adolescents with depression.

Graph-based Analysis to Predict Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Treatment Response in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder Using EEG Signals.

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-pharmacological treatment for drug-resistant major depressive disorder (MDD) patients. Since the success rate of rTMS treatment is about 50%-55%, it is essential to predict the treatment outcome before starting based on electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, leading to identifying effective biomarkers and reducing the burden of health care centers. To this end, pretreatment EEG data with 19 channels in the resting state from 34 drug-resistant MDD patients were recorded. Then, all patients received 20 sessions of rTMS treatment, and a reduction of at least 50% in the total beck depression inventory (BDI-II) score before and after the rTMS treatment was defined as a reference. In the current study, effective brain connectivity features were determined by the direct directed transfer function (dDTF) method from patients' pretreatment EEG data in all frequency bands separately. Then, the brain functional connectivity patterns were modeled as graphs by the dDTF method and examined with the local graph theory indices, including degree, out-degree, in-degree, strength, out-strength, in-strength, and betweenness centrality. The results indicated that the betweenness centrality index in the Fp2 node and the δ frequency band are the best biomarkers, with the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve value of 0.85 for predicting the rTMS treatment outcome in drug-resistant MDD patients. The proposed method investigated the significant biomarkers that can be used to predict the rTMS treatment outcome in drug-resistant MDD patients and help clinical decisions.

Job satisfaction, depression severity and quality of life ratings of perioperative nurses in robotic-assisted and laparoscopic surgery

The rapid introduction of technological developments into healthcare systems adds another layer of complexity to the already demanding jobs of nurses, particularly for those working in perioperative care. In the present study, our primary aim is job satisfaction, whereas the secondary outcomes are psychological well-being and quality of life (QoL) ratings of perioperative nurses who take part in robotic-assisted and pure laparoscopic surgery. A total of 101 perioperative nurses in six different centers were included in the study. Fifty-one of the nurses were working in robotic-assisted laparoscopic surgery and 50 of them were working in pure laparoscopic surgery. All participants responded to Minnesota Job Satisfaction Questionnaire (MJSQ), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and SF-36 QoL Measurement Survey. The two groups did not differ in their total MJSQ, BDI and SF-36 QoL scores (pMJSQ:0.066, pBDI:0.329, pSF-36-QoL:0.136). In addition, there were no differences between the two groups in their intrinsic job satisfaction and extrinsic job satisfaction sub-scores (pintrinsic: 0.473, pextrinsic:0.121). Overall, 18.9% of the nurses reported having moderate to extreme depressive symptoms and most of them (87.1%) had low to moderate levels of job satisfaction. Finally, QoL ratings was generally at moderate levels. Perioperative nurses who work in robotic-assisted laparoscopic surgery do not differ from those working in pure laparoscopic surgery in terms of their job satisfaction, psychological well-being, and QoL ratings. In addition, across groups’ psychological well-being, job satisfaction, and QoL ratings were not particularly high, suggesting that more attention needs to be paid to improving the work conditions of perioperative nurses.

The effects of bariatric surgery on sexual life, depression and quality of life in women

Aims: Sexual dysfunction negatively affects women’s biological, psychological and social aspects of life, reducing their quality of life. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of bariatric surgery (BS) on sexual life, depression and quality of life in women. Methods: This prospective study was conducted at Medistate Hospital and İstanbul Medipol University Çamlıca Hospital between December 2022 and March 2023. Female sexual function index (FSFI) total score and FSFI subgroups (desire, arousal, hydration, orgasm, satisfaction, pain), Beck anxiety inventory (BAI) and Beck depression inventory (BDI) were compared in before and after BS. Results: The mean age and body mass index (BMI) of the subjects were 32.59±3.92 years and 33.44±3.18, respectively. BS led to significant improvement in total FSFI score (p<0.001) and all sexual domains. Results found a statistically significant association between BS andimprovement in total BDI score in women (p<0.001). There was statistically significant association between BS andimprovement in total BAI score in women (p<0.001). Conclusion: Our findings show the benefits of BS in improving sexual life and quality of life, at least for the first three months postoperatively.

The effect and safety of probiotics on depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

With the escalating social pressures, there has been a continuous rise in the prevalence of depression among the population, leading to substantial healthcare burdens. Moreover, conventional pharmacological interventions still exhibit certain limitations. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of probiotics in the treatment of depression. Randomized controlled trials of probiotics in treating depressive symptoms were retrieved from Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Wan Fang database, and CNKI between the establishment of the database and March 2022. The primary outcome was Beck's depression rating scale (BDI) scores, while the secondary outcomes were depression scores on the DASS-21 scale, biochemical indicators (IL-6, NO, and TNF-α levels), and adverse events. In addition, Revman 5.3 was used for Meta-analysis and quality evaluation, and Stata 17 was used for the Egger test and Begg's test. A total of 776 patients, including 397 and 379 patients in the experimental and control groups, respectively, were included. The total BDI score of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group (MD = -1.98, 95%CI -3.14 to -0.82), and the score of DASS (MD = 0.90, 95%CI -1.17 to 2.98), the IL-6 level (SMD = -0.55, 95%CI -0.88 to -0.23), the NO level (MD = 5.27, 95% CI 2.51 to 8.03), and the TNF-α level (SMD = 0.19, 95% CI -0.25 to 0.63). The findings substantiate the therapeutic potential of probiotics in mitigating depressive symptoms by significantly reducing Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI) scores and alleviating the overall manifestation of depression.

Effects of progressive muscle relaxation exercises on patients with epilepsy on level of depression, quality of sleep, and quality of life: A randomized controlled trial

ObjectiveThis study aims to evaluate the effects of progressive relaxation exercises applied to patients with epilepsy on patients’ depressive symptom severity, quality of sleep, and quality of life. MethodsThe study was designed as a randomized controlled interventional study with a control group and pre-and post-test intervention. It was conducted with 70 patients with epilepsy, 35 in the intervention group and 35 in the control group, between November 1, 2021, and April 15, 2022. The patients in the intervention group were required to perform 12 progressive muscle relaxation exercise sessions 3 days a week for a total of 4 weeks. No interventions were made in the control group during the study. The data were collected with a “Personal Information Form,” “Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI),” “Beck Depression Inventory (BDI),” and “Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory (QUOLIE -31).” ResultsThe mean PSQI total score, subscale scores, and mean BDI total scores of the patients in the intervention group decreased significantly compared to those in the control group after the intervention (p<0.05). Additionally, a significant difference was found between the mean QUOLIE-31 total scores and subscale scores of the patients in the intervention and control group after the intervention (p<0.05), the mean scores of the intervention group were significantly higher than those of the control group (p<0.05). ConclusionProgressive muscle relaxation exercises decreased depressive symptoms severity and improved sleep and life quality in patients with epilepsy. Progressive relaxation exercises may be recommended as a complementary nursing intervention in treating epilepsy.

Characteristics of Patients With More Than 90% Adherence to Automatic Positive Airway Pressure

Background and Objective Among patients suffering from obstructive sleep apnea, there is a group with surprisingly high adherence (≥ 90%) to automatic positive airway pressure (APAP) treatment. This study aims to evaluate the characteristics of these patients.Methods Medical records of 4757 patients, who received APAP prescriptions between July 2018 and December 2019, were reviewed retrospectively. After the exclusion of patients not meeting the study criteria, a total of 103 patients were included in the study, and patients were divided into a very good adherence (VGA; adherence ≥ 90%) group and a poor adherence (PA; adherence &lt; 70%) group, based on nine months of APAP adherence. Patient demographics, medical history, body mass index, and pretreatment polysomnography (PSG) results, as well as APAP therapy adherence-related variables (percentage of total days of APAP usage, and the mean time of APAP usage), the 90th percentile pressure (P90), residual apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), and the type of devices or company managers were compared between the two groups.Results Median age was significantly higher in the VGA group than in the PA group (p = 0.032). The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) also differed significantly (p = 0.017) between the two groups. There were significant differences in the total sleep time (p = 0.003): 309.04 ± 64.96 min in the VGA group and 345.47 ± 53.06 min in the PA group. Patient sleep efficiency was observed and differed significantly (p = 0.003) 74.46 ± 13.73% in the VGA group and 82.09 ± 10.82% in the PA group. Other parameters, such as a pretreatment PSG and sleep-related questionnaires, did not show significant differences between the two groups. The device-related data at 1, 3, and 9 months were similar, and there were significant differences in the mean usage time (p &lt; 0.001) and the number of days on which the device was used for more than 4 hours a day (p &lt; 0.001) between the two groups. However, the two groups had no significant differences in mean pressure, residual AHI, and the P90.Conclusions The total sleep time, sleep efficiency, and BDI were the main determinants of adherence in patients in the VGA group. To find additional factors which affect adherence, further studies will be needed.

Determination of the relationship between dietary inflammatory index and depression status in female students.

Background: The relationship between diet, inflammation and mental health has been receiving increasing interest. However, limited data are available on the inflammatory role of diet in university students, among whom depression is commonly observed. Aim: The aim of our study is to investigate the relationship between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and depression among female students of nutrition and dietetics department, whom we assume to be conscious about health. Methods: DII scores were determined by averaging the 3-day dietary records. Depression status of the students was determined by using Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Results: Our study was conducted with 122 female university students. The mean total BDI score of the students in the first tertile (more anti-inflammatory effect) was found significantly lower than those of the students in the second and third tertiles (p = 0.001). In addition, there were no significant difference between the depression scores of the students and their grade level (p = 0.114) and place of residence (p = 0.866). We found a positive association between DII and depressive symptoms (Model 1, B = 0.512, %95 CI: 0.236-0.789, p = 0.000). This relationship was also found when adjusting for age, weight, body mass index, smoking status, and presence of chronic disease (Model 2, B = 0.496, %95 CI: 0.217-0.776, p = 0.006; Model 3, B = 0.493, %95 CI: 0.210-0.777, p = 0.024. Conclusion: Supporting that the inflammatory burden of diet is associated with mental health, our findings are of significance for the development of anti-inflammatory nutritional approaches among students who are prone to depression.

Psychometric properties of the Lithuanian version of the NDDI-E in persons with epilepsy and suicidal ideation

BackgroundSuicidality and depression are associated with worse epilepsy outcomes, but their screening in routine clinical practice remains insufficient and may improve with the validation of brief and accessible psychometric tools. We explored the psychometric properties of the Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy (NDDI-E) in the Lithuanian population, which has one of the highest suicide rates globally. MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional anonymous survey among adult outpatients visiting a tertiary epilepsy clinic in Vilnius, Lithuania. People with epilepsy (PWE) provided demographic and clinical information and completed the Geriatric depression scale (GDS), the Hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS), the Beck depression inventory (BDI), the Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy (NDDI-E) and the Generalized anxiety scale-7 (GAD-7). Suicidal ideation was defined as a non-zero score on the suicide item of the BDI and clinically relevant levels of depression – as a total BDI score of >16. Psychometric properties of the NDDI-E were evaluated by measuring its internal consistency, dimensionality, correlation with other depression scales, and by conducting receiver operating characteristic analysis for the detection of suicidal ideation and symptoms of depression. ResultsThe study sample consisted of 246 PWE (average age 39.9 ± 16.3 years, 101 [41.1%] male), of them 31 (12.6%) and 41 (19.5% of those who completed the BDI) were identified with suicidal ideation or significant symptoms of depression, respectively. On average, PWE scored 10.4 ± 4.2 points on the NDDI-E. The instrument had good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.863, n = 235), item–item and item-total correlation (>0.30). In factor analysis, its items comprised a single factor distinct from the GAD-7. The NDDI-E strongly correlated with other depression scales (r = 0.657 [GDS, n = 201], r = 0.657 [BDI, n = 201], r = 0.623 [HADS-D, n = 231], p < 0.001 for all). The NDDI-E had good diagnostic properties in discerning suicidal ideation (AUC = 0.858, 95%CI = 0.791–0.925). The isolated suicide item of the NDDI-E had acceptable properties in detecting suicidal ideation (AUC = 0.821, 95%CI = 0.724–0.918) as well. ConclusionThe Lithuanian NDDI-E was shown to have good psychometric properties comparable to other versions of this scale. The NDDI-E is endorsed as a short and accessible instrument for estimating suicidal ideation among Lithuanian PWE.

Mood and Sleep Status and Mental Disorders During Prolonged Winter-Over Residence in Two Korean Antarctic Stations.

PurposeAntarctica is a region with extreme climate, characterized by extreme cold and photoperiod. No research has been conducted on the mental health of Korean Antarctic dispatchers. The aim of this study was to investigate the status of mental illness and changes in mood and sleep among Korean crew members staying for a long-term period in the Antarctic station.MethodsFrom 2017 to 2020, crew members who were dispatched from South Korea to two Antarctic stations for a one-year period participated in this study. The crew were evaluated for mood and sleep status and mental illness through psychological tests and interviews by board-certified psychiatrists once before departure and twice during their stay in Antarctica. The incidence of mental illness was confirmed and changes in sleep and depression were analyzed.ResultsA total of 88 participants were included in the final analysis, and 7 of them (8.0%) were diagnosed with mental disorders such as insomnia in early winter. The total Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) score increased significantly in the early winter period, and the total Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory (PSQI) scores increased in both early and late winter. The difference in changes in mood and sleep symptoms before, during, and after dispatch between the two stations was not significant.ConclusionThis is the first study to investigate the mental illness and mood and sleep status of Korean crews dispatched to Antarctica. In early winter, there were significant increases in mental illness and depressive symptoms, and a worsening of sleep status.

Eating Disorder Symptoms as a Risk Factor for Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder in Women: A Pilot-study

ABSTRACT Introduction Eating and sexual behavior are driven by neurological mechanisms that are extremely intertwined; emerging evidence indicates that their deep relationship can be mediated by the presence of specific psychopathologies. Objective To investigate the relationship between female sexual dysfunction (FSD) and eating disorders (EDs). Methods 123 retrospectively recruited women consulting for FSD underwent physical examination and completed the following validated questionnaires: Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), Female Sexual Distress Scale-Revised (FSDS-R), Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q), Binge Eating Scale (BES), Emotional Eating Scale (EES), Barrat Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Y (STAI Y), Symptom Checklist 90-Revised (SCL-90-R), Body Uneasiness Test (BUT), Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS) and Sexual Inhibition/Sexual Excitation Scales (SIS/SES). Moreover, demographic, medical and psycho-sexuological data were obtained through a structured interview. Results In relation to menopausal status, we did not observe any significant difference in all the investigated questionnaires in pre- vs. postmenopausal women. When stratifying patients for BMI (&amp;lt;25, 25-30, &amp;gt;30 kg/m2) we found that all the scores related to EDE-Q subscales were significantly different among the three subgroups (all p&amp;lt;0.001). Furthermore, patients with a history of Unwanted Sexual Experience (USE) had significantly higher BES (p=0.034) and EES (p=0.027) total scores compared with those without. Moreover, when we stratified our patients according to the clinical diagnosis of Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD), we found that those with HSDD showed a worst psychological profile than those without, in particular a higher score at EDE-Q and BDI (all p&amp;lt;0.05). In contrast, when stratifying patients for the other two main FSD diagnosis, Female Genital Arousal Disorder (FGAD) and Female Orgasm Disorder (FOD), no significant differences among all the investigated questionnaires were observed. To further verify the impact of the different psychopathological aspects on the risk of having HSDD, we found that the only questionnaires scores that contributed to this dysfunction were EDE-Q (OR 1.678, IC [1.164-2.421]; p=0.006), total BDI (OR 1.055, IC [1.006-1.107]; p=0.027) and SIS1 (OR 1.101, IC [1.109-1.190]; p=0.015), after adjustment for age. After simultaneous analysis in a multivariate model of the three questionnaires, we found that both a higher EDE-Q score and a higher SIS1 score were significant risk factors for HSDD (p=0.007 and p=0.034, respectively). Finally, we subdivided our patients into three groups: no Binge Eating (BE), sporadic BE and frequent BE, observing a significant positive association between frequency of BE and sexual distress, as assessed by FSDS-R total score. Conclusions In a population of women affected by FSD, ED traits could negatively affect sexual desire, representing a relevant risk factor for the clinical diagnosis of HSDD. Among all the investigated psychopathological aspects, the psychological alterations related to EDs seem to play a more pronounced effect on HSDD than other commonly accepted risk factors for sexual desire disorders, such as depression and increased inhibitory trait. In a clinical perspective, it would worth to investigate the relative change in FSD and ED after treatment for ED and vice versa. Disclosure No

The Effect of the Progressively Lowered Stress Threshold Model Training Program on Depression and Care Burden in Dementia Patient Caregivers

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the Progressively Lowered Stress Threshold training program on depression and care burden in dementia patient caregivers.&#x0D; Materials and Methods. We applied an experimental model based on a pretest-posttest control group. The sample consisted of 140 dementia caregivers (the experimental group and the control group with 70 participants per group). The sample size was determined, and the participants were allocated to groups using power analysis. Data of the study were collected between April 15, 2016 and July 15, 2016. For the pre-test, both groups were provided with the Sociodemographic Characteristics Form, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Caregiver Burden of Dementia Patient Caregiver Scale (CBDPCS) to be filled in. Then, the experimenter visited the homes of the experimental group patients twice at 2-week intervals to provide nursing care based on the Progressively Lowered Stress Threshold Model. Finally, after 8 weeks, the post-test was conducted by letting both groups complete the Sociodemographic Characteristics Form, the BDI, and the CBDPCS once again. Percentage, chi-square, in independent and dependent sample t-tests were used to evaluate the related data.&#x0D; Results. The mean BDI score was 15.61 ± 10.97 in the pre-test and 11.08 ± 8.82 in the post-test (t=6.738, p=0.001). The mean pre-test and post-test total CBDPCS scores of caregivers were 67.02 ± 16.23 and 59.27 ± 15.25, respectively (t=5.974, p=0.001). The difference between the intergroup comparison of the mean experiment and control group post-test scores was statistically significant (p=0.001) on the CBDPCS and the total BDI score.&#x0D; Conclusions. Our results suggest that education provided to caregivers can efficiently decrease their care burden and depression levels.

Eating disorder symptoms as a risk factor for hypoactive sexual desire disorder in women: A pilot-study

ABSTRACT Introduction Eating and sexual behavior are driven by neurological mechanisms that are extremely intertwined; emerging evidence indicates that their deep relationship can be mediated by the presence of specific psychopathologies. Objective to investigate the relationship between female sexual dysfunction (FSD) and eating disorders (EDs). Methods 123 retrospectively recruited women consulting for FSD underwent physical examination and completed the following validated questionnaires: Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), Female Sexual Distress Scale-Revised (FSDS-R), Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q), Binge Eating Scale (BES), Emotional Eating Scale (EES), Barrat Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Y (STAI Y), Symptom Checklist 90-Revised (SCL-90-R), Body Uneasiness Test (BUT), Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS) and Sexual Inhibition/Sexual Excitation Scales (SIS/SES). Moreover, demographic, medical and psycho-sexuological data were obtained through a structured interview. Results in relation to menopausal status, we did not observe any significant difference in all the investigated questionnaires in pre- vs. post-menopausal women. When stratifying patients for BMI (&amp;lt;25, 25-30, &amp;gt;30 kg/m2) we found that all the scores related to EDE-Q subscales were significantly different among the three subgroups (all p&amp;lt;0.001). Furthermore, patients with a history of Unwanted Sexual Experience (USE) had significantly higher BES (p=0.034) and EES (p=0.027) total scores compared with those without. Moreover, when we stratified our patients according to the clinical diagnosis of Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD), we found that those with HSDD showed a worst psychological profile than those without, in particular a higher score at EDE-Q and BDI (all p&amp;lt;0.05). In contrast, when stratifying patients for the other two main FSD diagnosis, Female Genital Arousal Disorder (FGAD) and Female Orgasm Disorder (FOD), no significant differences among all the investigated questionnaires were observed. To further verify the impact of the different psychopathological aspects on the risk of having HSDD, we found that the only questionnaires scores that contributed to this dysfunction were EDE-Q (OR 1.678, IC [1.164-2.421]; p=0.006), total BDI (OR 1.055, IC [1.006-1.107]; p=0.027) and SIS1 (OR 1.101, IC [1.109-1.190]; p=0.015), after adjustment for age (Fig. 1). After simultaneous analysis in a multivariate model of the three questionnaires, we found that both a higher EDE-Q score and a higher SIS1 score were significant risk factors for HSDD (p=0.007 and p=0.034, respectively). Finally, we subdivided our patients into three groups: no Binge Eating (BE), sporadic BE and frequent BE, observing a significant positive association between frequency of BE and sexual distress, as assessed by FSDS-R total score (Fig. 2). Conclusions in a population of women affected by FSD, ED traits could negatively affect sexual desire, representing a relevant risk factor for the clinical diagnosis of HSDD. Among all the investigated psychopathological aspects, the psychological alterations related to EDs seem to play a more pronounced effect on HSDD than other commonly accepted risk factors for sexual desire disorders, such as depression and increased inhibitory trait. In a clinical perspective, it would worth to investigate the relative change in FSD and ED after treatment for ED and vice versa. Disclosure Work supported by industry: no.

The Relationship Between Caregiver Burden and Posttraumatic Growth in Caregivers of Patients With Metastatic Cancer.

ObjectiveIn this study, we aimed to examine the effect of post-traumatic growth and depressive symptoms on caregiver burden in caregivers of cancer patients.MethodsThis was a single-center cross-sectional observational descriptive study conducted at a medical oncology clinic. The study included 214 caregivers of cancer patients. Participants were assessed with a sociodemographic information form, the Turkish versions of the Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale (ZCBS), the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI).ResultsThe mean ZCBS, PTGI, and BDI scores were 42.7 ±13.8, 67.8 ±22.3, and 13.5 ±9.8, respectively. There was a negative correlation (r=-0.407, p<0.001) between the ZCBS and the PTGI total scores, a positive correlation (r=0.636, p<0.001) between the ZCBS total and BDI scores, and a negative correlation (r=-0.426, p<0.001) between the PTGI total and BDI scores. Age, gender, income level, and history of psychiatric treatment were not independent predictive factors for the ZCBS total scores. PTGI total score (B=-0.107, 95% CI: -0.178 to -0.037, p=0.003) and BDI score (B=0.776, 95% CI: 0.602-0.950, p<0.001) were independent predictive factors for ZCBS total scores.ConclusionsOur study revealed a significant negative relationship between caregiver burden and PTGI in caregivers of metastatic cancer patients, and it was found that depression negatively affects burden in caregivers. Posttraumatic growth can be a protective buffer against the burden of care and depression among caregivers.

EXAMINATION OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIAL SUPPORT, DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS AND USE OF SOCIAL NETWORKS BY PREGNANT WOMEN

The mother’s having good mental health during pregnancy is important for the mother’s and fetus’s health. Lack of social support and staying away from social networks can increase the incidence of depression during pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between social support, depressive symptoms and use of social network by pregnant women.In this descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in the Obstetrics Polyclinics of a training and research hospital, 819 healthy pregnant women whose gestational age was ≥16 weeks were included. To collect the data, the Descriptive Characteristics Form, Social Media Usage Characteristics Form, Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale (MSPSS) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were used.In the study, it was determined that 77.5% of the pregnant women use social networking sites. The difference between the pregnant women who used social media and those who did not according to the presence of depression symptoms was found to be significant (p&lt;0.05) In the study, it was determined that there was a statistically significant difference between pregnant women’s MSPSS family, friend, special person subscale total score averages and BDI (p&lt;0.05). it was determined that the pregnant women who did not show depression symptoms used social networking sites 0.65 times more than those who did (OR:0.65). Those with high special person MSPSS scores are 1.1 times more likely to use social networking sites than others (OR:1.1).

Psychological Adaptive Mechanism Maturity, Age, and Depression Symptoms in Advanced-Stage Cancer Patients.

Background: Previously, we reported that the maturity of Psychological Adaptive Mechanism (PAM; alternatively, ego defense mechanism) endorsement, but not depression symptom severity, predicted 5-year survival rates in adult cancer patients and that study controlled for age as a significant variable. In this investigation, we hypothesized that greater PAM maturity would correlate significantly with age and with fewer depression symptoms in a larger sample.Methods: In this cross-section study, adult cancer outpatients (N=293) completed the Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and provided additional clinical data. Spearman’s correlation and multiple regression modeling provided statistical tests of the study hypotheses.Results: Contrary to our hypothesis, DSQ PAM maturity endorsement did not correlate significantly with increasing age. Greater PAM maturity ratio on the DSQ (p<0.0001) and current antidepressant use (p<0.05), however, both provided inverse associations with total BDI symptom frequency (p<0.01). Age was inversely associated with BDI mood (p<0.0001) and somatic scores (p<0.04). Items that worsened BDI symptom frequency included self-reported mood-altering anti-cancer medications and any psychiatric history. Cancer stage, time since diagnosis, and chemotherapy treatment did not correlate with DSQ or BDI scores. Multiple regression analysis found that the correlated items accounted for 17.2% of the variance in mood symptoms and 4.9% in somatic symptoms. Specifically, adaptive maturity and age associated with fewer depression symptoms, while cancer medications affecting mood, and a previous psychiatric history each predicted higher frequency of depression scores.Conclusion: The results suggest that PAM maturity likely predicts fewer depression symptoms while younger age associates with more depression symptoms in this clinical sample. Centrally, acting cancer medications, such as glucocorticoids, and any history of psychiatric disorder correlated with increased depression symptom frequencies. In this cross-section study, antidepressant medications indicated higher frequencies of depressive symptoms, likely reflecting their use in persons previously diagnosed with depression. Further research should target factors that improve PAM maturity as a potential treatment target, especially in younger age groups.

Relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and preoperative evaluation findings in patients with morbid obesity undergoing sleeve gastrectomy: A cross-sectional study.

Evaluating various parameters, including preoperative cardiorespiratory fitness markers, is critical for patients with morbid obesity. Also, clinicians should prescribe suitable exercise and lifestyle guideline based on the tested parameters. Therefore, we investigated cardiorespiratory fitness and its correlation with preoperative evaluation in patients with morbid obesity scheduled for laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted with 38 patients (13 men and 25 women; mean age, 34.9 ± 10.9 years) scheduled for laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Cardiopulmonary exercise stress tests were also performed. Measured cardiopulmonary responses included peak values of oxygen consumption (VO2), metabolic equivalents (METs), respiratory exchange ratio, heart rate (HR), and rate pressure product. Body composition variables were analyzed using bioimpedance analysis, laboratory parameters (hemoglobin A1c, lipid profile, inflammatory markers), and comorbidities. In addition, self-reported questionnaires were administered, including the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), and Moorehead-Ardelt Quality of Life Questionnaire (MAQOL).The average body mass index (BMI) and percent body fat were 39.8 ± 5.7 kg/m−2 and 46.2 ± 6.1%, respectively. The VO2peak/kg, METs, RERpeak, HRpeak, RPPpeak, age-predicted HR percentage, and VO2peak percentage were 18.6 ± 3.8 mL/min−1/kg−1, 5.3 ± 1.1, 1.1 ± 0.1, 158.5 ± 19.8, 32,414.4 ± 6,695.8 mm Hg/min−1, 85.2 ± 8.8%, and 76.1 ± 14.8%, respectively. BMI (P = .026), percent body fat (P = .001), HRpeak (P = .018), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (P = .007), total BDI (P = .043), HDRS (P = .025), SF-36 (P = .006), and MAQOL (P = .007) scores were significantly associated with VO2peak/kg. Body fat percentage (P < .001) and total SF-36 score (P < .001) remained significant in the multiple linear regression analysis.Various cardiorespiratory fitness markers were investigated in patients with morbid obesity who underwent the sleeve gastrectomy. Peak aerobic exercise capacity was significantly associated with preoperative parameters such as body fat composition and self-reported quality of life in these patients. These results could be utilized for preoperative and/or postoperative exercise strategies in patients with morbid obesity scheduled for laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.

REM Sleep Fragmentation in Patients With Short-Term Insomnia Is Associated With Higher BDI Scores.

Objective: To observe the changes in sleep characteristics and BDI scores in patients with short-term insomnia disorder (SID) using a longitudinal observational study.Methods: Fifty-four patients who met the criteria for SID of the International Classification of Sleep Disorders, third edition, were recruited. Depression levels were assessed using the Beck depression inventory (BDI) at enrollment and after 3 months of follow-up, respectively. Sleep characteristics were assessed by polysomnography.Results: After 3 months of follow-up, the group was divided into SID with increased BDI score (BDI >15) and SID with normal BDI score (BDI ≤ 15) according to the total BDI score of the second assessment. The differences in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep latency, REM sleep arousal index, and NREM sleep arousal index between the two groups were statistically significant. The total BDI score was positively correlated with REM and NREM sleep arousal index and negatively correlated with REM sleep latency, which were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient. Multiple linear regression was used to construct a regression model to predict the risk of depression in which the prediction accuracy reached 83.7%.Conclusion: REM sleep fragmentation is closely associated with future depressive status in patients with SID and is expected to become an index of estimating depression risk.

Impact of depression on mental fatigue and attention in patients with multiple sclerosis

• Depression and fatigue had a great impact on cognition in patients with MS. • Patients with MS had severe fatigue and depression irrespective of disease duration. • Mental fatigue was strongly correlated with depression. • As depression became more severe, mental and physical fatigue increased. Abstract 1 1 Abbreviations BDI, Beck Depression Inventory; CFS, Chalder Fatigue Scale; EDSS, Expanded Disability Status Scale; HC, Health control subjects; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination MS, Multiple sclerosis; PASAT, Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test; QoL, Quality-of-life SD, Standard deviation; SDMT, Symbol Digit Modalities Test; VC, Visual cancellation; Depression and fatigue are debilitating symptoms in multiple sclerosis (MS), which affect cognitive function. This study investigated the association between depression and fatigue, and whether depression or fatigue influences cognition in MS patients. Twenty MS patients were included. The severity of fatigue was assessed using the Chalder Fatigue Scale (CFS), which classified CFS_Physical and CFS_Mental fatigue and MMSE. Depression was assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Attention deficit was evaluated using several tasks. The CFS scores, the BDI scores and performance during the attention tasks were compared between MS patients and healthy control subjects (HCs). Correlations between CFS sub-scores, BDI values, and participants’ attention performance were also investigated. The total CFS, BDI, and MMSE scores were significantly worse in MS patients compared to HCs ( p < 0.05). The CFS_Mental sub-score was significantly correlated with performance on attention tasks ( p < 0.05). MS patients with severe depression exhibited the worst scores on attention tests and significantly higher CFS_Mental sub-scores than the remaining MS patients and HCs. The BDI scores of MS patients with severe depression correlated with disease duration. In the remaining MS patients, attention tests and BDI scores did not differ significantly from those in HCs. This study had a small sample size, which limits generalization. Premobid cognitive functions were not matched. Mental fatigue is closely associated with attention deficit. Depression affects mental fatigue and attention in MS patients.

The association between temperament features and childhood traumas in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

Background/aim Epilepsy is a common chronic neurological problem that impairs daily activities, functionality, and quality of life. Childhood traumas (CTs) are known to be critical factors in the onset or development of many psychiatric and medical disorders. They also play a critical role in the development of temperament and personality. This study aimed to investigate the association between CTs and common temperament patterns and features seen in epilepsy patients. Materials and methods The study included 38 patients who were diagnosed with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) and volunteered to participate in the study. In addition to the sociodemographic form and questions on disease features, Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders, Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego Questionnaire (TEMPS-A), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were administered to all participants. In the present study, a cut-off value of 35 was used for the CTQ scale. The patients with CTQ scores lower than 35 (50%, n = 19, Group 1) and the patients with CTQ scores above 35 (50%, n = 19, Group 2) were compared.Results The comparison of TEMPS-A and its subscale scores in the JME patients in the groups with CTQ scores above or below a cut-off value detected significant differences between the groups in depressive and irritable temperament scores. The mean BDI scores were also different between the two groups. Furthermore, a significant positive correlation was detected between the disease duration, anxiety, and depression scores in the JME patients. A significant relationship was detected between the emotional neglect subscale score of the JME patients and the BDI scores. A significant positive correlation was found between the total disease duration, BDI, and BAI. Significant moderate-level relationships were found between the BDI score and irritable, depressive, cyclothymic, and anxious temperaments and between the BAI score and irritable, depressive, cyclothymic, and anxious temperaments. Conclusion Several temperamental features of JME patients are related to CTs. More depressive symptoms are seen in JME patients with higher disease durations.