Total Arterial Revascularization Research Articles

Total arterial revascularization coronary artery bypass surgery in patients with atrial fibrillation.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a relatively common comorbidity among patients referred for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and is associated with poorer prognosis. However, little is known about how surgical technique influences survival in this population. The current analysis aimed to determine whether total arterial revascularization (TAR) is associated with improved long-term outcomes in patients with preoperative AF. We analyzed patients' data from the HEIST (HEart surgery In atrial fibrillation and Supraventricular Tachycardia) registry. The registry, to date, involves five tertiary high-volume centers in Poland. Between 2006 and 2019, 4746 patients presented with preoperative AF and multivessel coronary artery disease and underwent CABG. We identified cases of TAR and used propensity score matching to determine non-TAR controls. Median follow-up was 4.1 years (interquartile range [IQR], 1.9-6.8 years). Propensity matching resulted in 295 pairs of TAR vs. non-TAR. The mean (standard deviation [SD]) number of distal anastomoses was 2.5 (0.6) vs. 2.5 (0.6) (P = 0.94) respectively. Operative and 30-day mortality was not different between TAR and non-TAR patients (hazard ratio [HR] and 95% confidence intervals [CIs], 0.17 (0.02-1.38); P = 0.12 and 0.74 [0.40-1.35]; P = 0.33, respectively). By contrast, TAR was associated with nearly 30% improved late survival: HR, 0.72 (0.55-0.93); P = 0.01. This benefit was sustained in subgroup analyses, yet most pronounced in low-risk patients ( < 70 years old; EuroSCORE II < 2; no diabetes) and when off-pump CABG was performed. TAR in patients with preoperative AF is safe and associated with improved survival, with particular survival benefits in younger low-risk patients undergoing off-pump CABG.

Abstract 14694: Effect of Saphenous Vein Graft on Multiple Arterial Grafting Survival

Introduction: Saphenous vein graft (SVG) is associated with increased mortality and adverse cardiac events compared to arterial conduits, but uncertainty exists whether its presence would influence the outcome in multiple arterial revascularization (MAG). Hypothesis: That use of SVG adversely affects survival even in the setting of MAG. Methods: All patients undergoing primary isolated CABG between June 2001 to Jan 2020 were identified through a national registry. Exclusion criteria were reoperations, concomitant or previous cardiac surgery, and the absence of arterial grafting. The primary outcome was long-term mortality reported as time-to-event from the date of the operation. We performed a complete case retrospective comparison between MAG and single arterial grafting (SAG). Additional analysis was performed in MAG patients with or without SVG.Propensity score matching (PSM) and Cox proportional hazard model were used with significance defined as two-tailed P&lt;0.05. Results: A total of 72,444 eligible patients had 58,629 (80.9%) males with 32,966 SAG (45.5%) and 39,478 MAG (54.5%). Two PSM was used to generate 29,354 matched pairs for SAG vs. MAG and 12,314 matched pairs for MAG with or without SVG. At a mean follow-up duration of 6.7 years, long-term mortality was significantly lower for MAG than SAG (HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.85-0.93). The cumulative Kaplan-Meier survival was 60.6% for SAG and 63.3% for MAG at 15 years postoperative, (P=0.002). In the comparison of MAG with or without SVG, the group without SVG (total arterial revascularization) had a lower risk of late mortality (HR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.85-0.96). The interaction term analysis confirmed a significant effect for the presence of vein graft on the observed mortality when using MAG, (P=0.02). Sensitivity analyses produced consistent outcomes as the primary investigation. Conclusions: Multiple arterial grafting is associated with significantly improved long-term survival compared to single arterial grafting, and when total arterial revascularization was achieved, there was an incremental survival benefit.

Is it safe to perform total arterial grafting in elderly patients lacking vein grafts? A single surgeon comparison.

The results of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery with total arterial revascularisation (TA-CABG) in elderly patients, who may have insufficient vein graft material for conventional CABG (CO-CABG), have not been fully established. We therefore sought to compare the short- and long-term outcomes of patients >70 years old undergoing CO-CABG and TA-CABG. We performed a retrospective observational study analyzing all consecutive adult patients aged >70 years undergoing first-time CABG over the 15-year period from 2004 to 2020 under a single surgeon. Primary outcomes of interest were in-hospital mortality, long-term mortality, and re-intervention rate. Secondary outcomes of interest included operative durations and the incidence of peri-operative complications. There were 46 patients (age 76 ± 3 SD) in the TA-CABG group and 145 patients (age 76 ± 4 SD) in the CO-CABG group. Cardio-pulmonary bypass and cross-clamp durations were comparable between groups (p = .11 and p = .23, respectively). Stroke occurred in 1.0% undergoing CO-CABG compared to 0% in the TA-CABG group (p = .42). Hospital mortality was 3.0% with CO-CABG (EuroSCORE; mean [SD] 6.81 (5.81)) and 2.0% with TA-CABG (EuroSCORE; mean [SD] 6.38 (6.57))(p = .93). On long-term follow-up, myocardial infarction occurred in 10.0% of CO-CABG patients compared to 4.0% of TA-CABG patients (p = .25). Re-intervention rates were 7% following CO-CABG, and 2% after TA-CABG (p = .23). There was no significant difference in long-term mortality between patients undergoing CO-CABG and TA-CABG (47% vs. 57%, p = .27). Long-term survival was comparable between grafting techniques (p = .27). There were no significant differences in major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events, re-intervention rate, hospital or long-term mortality between CO-CABG and TA-CABG. TA-CABG represents a safe and feasible alternative to CO-CABG in elderly patients offering good long-term outcomes.

Total arterial revascularization is associated with long-term survival benefit in coronary artery bypass grafting: systematic review with meta-analysis

Abstract Importance Total arterial revascularization (TAR), the complete avoidance of saphenous vein grafting (SVG) in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), is advocated based on the superior conduit durability and resistance against atherosclerosis. However, the low adoption rate of TAR indicates a high level of controversy. Objective To compare long-term survival between TAR and conventional CABG involving SVG. Data sources A comprehensive literature search was conducted through digital databases including MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from the inception to May 2021. Study selection The inclusion criteria were randomized clinical trials, or propensity-score balanced or multivariable-adjusted observational studies with a sample size of at least 100 patients in each arm, isolated CABG, comparing TAR (SVG=0) vs. non-TAR (SVG≥1), and inclusion of all-cause mortality. Data extraction and synthesis Two reviewers performed independent extraction following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Pooled hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated with random-effect and fixed-effect models using generic inverse variance weighting. Individual patient time-to-event data were reconstructed to create an overall Kaplan-Meier survival function for matched studies. Sensitivity analyses were performed according to the risk of bias, matching status, and source of HR. Main outcomes and measures The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality. Results A total of 23 studies (100,314 patients), all with a retrospective observational design, were identified. The weighted mean follow-up time was 8.8 years post-operatively. Total arterial revascularization was associated with greater freedom from all-cause mortality than non-TAR (HR, 0.77, 95% CI, 0.71 to 0.84, p&amp;lt;0.001). There was evidence of low heterogeneity (I2=45%) across studies. Low publication bias was observed. Leave-one-out influence analysis and sensitivity analyses produced consistent results. Cochrane Collaboration signaling domains showed no critical risk of bias. Conclusions and relevance This meta-analysis found superior late survival associated with total arterial revascularization. Further randomized clinical trials are needed. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.

Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting In Young Patients: A Retrospective Review at Queen Alia Heart Institute

Background: Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is the ‘Gold Standard’ for patients with multiple vessel coronary artery disease (CAD). Younger patients presenting with coronary artery disease requiring surgery may represent a distinct subgroup with the main goal for coronary revascularization being long term patency of the performed grafts to improve outcome. Objective: The aim of this study was to check if young patients need surgery urgently for operative revascularization or electively. Also, check the potential advances regarding long-term patency using combined venous and arterial revascularization, and finally the overall mortality in young group of patients after CABG. Methods: Between January 2018 to January 2022, 526 patients below the age of 50 years underwent Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting CABG for coronary artery disease CAD in Queen Alia Heart Institute QAHI, We retrospectively analyzed the perioperative data and evaluated patients’ outcome. Results: In 25% of the patients, CABG was performed as an emergency procedure for STEMI or NSTEMI within 36 hours. Another 27% of the patients were operated urgently for unstable angina or myocardial infarction within the last weeks and only 48% of the patients were purely elective cases. We performed only venous bypass grafts in 12%, and combined venous and arterial revascularization in 88%. Patients received 2.8 ± 1 bypass grafts overall. Overall in-hospital mortality in this cohort was low with 1% (n = 1). Conclusions: The majority of the young patients below the age of 50 years present urgently for operative revascularization. Besides, the potential advances regarding long-term patency using total arterial revascularization, only about half of the young patients are feasible for this approach. Overall, early outcome in this group is excellent with mortality below one percent.

Anaortic off-pump Complete Arterial Revascularization Using Composite LIMA RIMA Y grafts: 1 Year Outcome

Objective: The aim was to evaluate the early outcome of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG) with a bilateral internal mammary artery (BIMA) Y configuration graft to achieve total arterial myocardial revascularization. Materials and Methods: From March 2018 to March 2020 total 30 cases of off pump CABG surgery using LIMA RIMA Y sequential grafts to achieve total arterial myocardial revascularization. Comparisons between LIMA + SVG and BIMA Y grafts were not made here. Result: The average age of the patients was 43.51±2.58 years. Most of them were male (93.34%). A total of 28 (93.34%) cases had triple-vessel disease. Double-vessel disease was found in 2 (6.66%) cases. The skeletonization skill was used to harvest the two IMAs and then the free right internal mammary artery was anastomosed end-to-side to the in situ left internal mammary artery to composite a Y configuration graft. Off-pump and sequential anastomosis methods were used to perform coronary artery bypass surgery for the patients. Graft patency was assessed by doing CT angiogram. All distal and proximal Y anastomoses were patent at 1 year follow up. There were no perioperative deaths. Conclusion: OPCABG by using LIMA RIMA Y graft is an effective option for total arterial revascularization and avoid surgical complications regarding the ascending aorta manupulation. Bangladesh Heart Journal 2022; 37(1): 27-33

Minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting with ultrasonically skeletonized internal thoracic artery.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the feasibility and safety of minimally invasive cardiac surgery coronary artery bypass grafting using an ultrasonically skeletonized internal thoracic artery in the authors’ initial experience.MethodsFrom February 2012 to May 2021, 247 consecutive patients who underwent minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting using an ultrasonically skeletonized internal thoracic artery were reviewed retrospectively. Internal thoracic arteries were harvested in a full skeletonized fashion using an ultrasonic scalpel via left minithoracotomy. Bilateral internal thoracic arteries were used in 108 patients, and the internal thoracic arteries as in situ grafts were used in 393 anastomoses. Total arterial revascularization was performed in 126 patients, and 142 patients underwent aortic nontouch minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting.ResultsThe patients’ mean (range) age was 65.9 ± 11.5 (30-90) years. The mean (range) number of anastomoses performed was 2.6 ± 1.1 (1-6). Forty-six patients (18.6%) had 4 grafts, 94 patients (38.1%) had 3 grafts, and 60 patients (24.3%) had 2 grafts. Minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting was completed without conversion to sternotomy in all patients. Cardiopulmonary bypass was performed in 3 patients (1.2%), reinterventions due to bleeding were performed in 7 patients (2.8%), and chest wound infections were observed in 5 patients (2.0%). There was 1 (0.4%) mortality.ConclusionsMinimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting using an ultrasonically skeletonized internal thoracic artery is feasible and has shown good perioperative outcomes. This approach has the potential for further optimization with revascularization strategies.

Total arterial coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with preoperative anemia.

Blood transfusions after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) has been associated to adverse outcomes, especially in anemic patients. However, little is known about the influence of the modality of revascularization. Total arterial revascularization (TAR) was shown to reduce postoperative transfusion when compared to saphenous vein-based (SV)-CABG (LIMA plus one/more SV grafts). We, therefore, aimed to investigate the impact of TAR-CABG versus SV-CABG on blood products use and perioperative outcomes in patients with preoperative anemia, normally at higher risk for postoperative transfusions. From a cohort of 936 patients with mild preoperative anemia undergoing primary elective on-pump CABG, 166 matched pairs of patients undergoing either TAR- or SV-CABG were obtained. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin level<13 g/dl for men and <12 g/dl for women. The primary endpoint was the evaluation of red packed cells (RPC) use over the entire hospital stay. TAR patients showed significantly reduced RPC usage compared with SV (mean difference 0.45 units). TAR patients had a reduced intubation time (mean difference 7.6 h) and were discharged 1.24 days earlier than SV patients. Pneumonia and acute kidney injury were doubled among SV patients. Adjusted regression showed that TAR technique is a predictor of reduced RPC unit use regardless of age and EuroSCORE II (odds ratio: 0.63, p < .01). Patients with preoperative anemia might benefit from TAR regardless of age or calculated operative risk. TAR-CABG was associated to reduced postoperative use of blood products and postoperative length of stay in comparison with SV-CABG in this subset of patients.

Impact of transit-time flow measurement on early postoperative outcomes in total arterial coronary revascularization with internal thoracic arteries: a propensity score analysis on 910 patients.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of transit-time flow measurement (TTFM) on early postoperative outcomes in total arterial coronary revascularization. A single-centre retrospective analysis was conducted on 910 patients undergoing isolated total arterial coronary artery bypass grafting with internal thoracic arteries (ITAs) at our institution, between January 2017 and February 2020. Complete arterial revascularization with bilateral ITAs with a Y-configuration, or single ITA, was planned for all patients. According to the surgeon preference, TTFM was assessed in 430 patients (TTFM group). They were compared with 480 patients without TTFM assessment (no TTFM group). Primary end point was the occurrence of in-hospital major cardiac adverse events (MACE). A propensity score analysis with an inverse probability weighting approach was performed to control for selection bias. TTFM was associated with longer cardiopulmonary bypass times (76.0 [62.0; 91.2] vs 79.0 [65.0; 94.0] min, P = 0.042). Six (1.4%) patients in the TTFM group versus no patient in the no TTFM group underwent intraoperative graft revision because of unsatisfying flow values (P = 0.011). MACE were significantly lower in the TTFM group (14, 3.3%) than in the no TTFM group (33, 6.9%, P = 0.014). At crude regression, TTFM was protective against MACE occurrence (odds ratios 0.46, 95% confidence interval 0.23-0.85, P = 0.016). Inverse probability weighting adjustment did not significantly displace P-values and odds ratios for MACE occurrence in the TTFM group 0.44, 95% confidence interval 0.28-0.69, P < 0.001. Even if associated with longer cardiopulmonary bypass times, intraoperative graft flow measurement with TTFM reduces MACE occurrence and it should be recommended for graft evaluation in arterial coronary artery bypass grafting surgery.

Thirty Years of No-Touch Saphenous Vein Harvesting: A Timely Jubilee Gift

Thirty Years of No-Touch Saphenous Vein Harvesting: A Timely Jubilee Gift

Risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality for patients with ECLS due to postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock after isolated coronary surgery.

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation or extracorporeal life support (ECLS) in patients after cardiac surgery and postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock (PCS) is known to be associated with high mortality. Especially in patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and PCS, ECLS is frequently established. The aim of this analysis was to evaluate factors associated with in-hospital mortality in patients treated with ECLS due to PCS after CABG. Between August 2006 and January 2017, 92 consecutive patients with V-A ECLS due to PCS after isolated CABG were identified and included in this retrospective analysis. Patients were divided into survivors (S) and non-survivors (NS) and analyzed with risk factors of in-hospital mortality. In-hospital mortality added up to 61 patients (66%). Non-survivors were significantly older (60±812 (S) vs. 67±10 (NS); p=0.013). Bilateral internal mammary artery graft was significantly more frequently used in S (23% (S) vs. 2% (NS); p=0.001). After 24h of ECLS support, median lactate levels were significantly higher in NS (1.9 (1.3; 3.5) mmol/L (S) vs. 3.5 (2.1; 6.3) mmol/L (NS); p=0.001). NS suffered more often acute kidney injury requiring dialysis (42% (S) vs. 74% (NS); p=0.002). Mortality in patients with refractory PCS after CABG and consecutive ECLS support remains high. Failing end-organ recovery under ECLS despite optimized concomitant medical therapy is an indicator of adverse outcomes in this specific patient cohort. Moreover, total-arterial revascularization might be beneficial for cardiac recovery in patients suffering PCS after CABG and following ECLS.

Radial Artery Versus Saphenous Vein as Third Conduit in Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery for Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease: a Ten-Year Literature Review.

Coronary artery bypass grafting is the gold standard strategy for obtaining complete coronary revascularization in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease. The recent AHA and EACTS guidelines on myocardial revascularization recommend total arterial revascularization, especially in younger patients, whenever possible. However, the use of saphenous vein grafts in association with single or bilateral internal thoracic artery (SITA, BITA) instead of arterial grafts (radial arteries, right gastroepiploic artery and inferior epigastric artery) is widespread. We analyzed literature from the last ten years (January 2010 to December 2020) looking for evidence in favour of the use of a radial artery compared to a saphenous vein in association with BITA. We identified nine studies (4 Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses and 6 large cohort observational studies with propensity score-matching) that compared arterial with saphenous grafts as third conduit. The main finding of the review is the higher rate of freedom from any cardiac adverse event in the population which reached Total Arterial myocardial Revascularization (TAR). A probable reason for the limited application of TAR as a strategy is the shortage of Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs). (www.actabiomedica.it)

Outcomes of total arterial revascularization vs conventional revascularization in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery: A narrative review of major studies.

Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a widely used surgical procedure which improves clinical outcomes in appropriately selected patients. Conventionally, the greater saphenous vein is often used in CABG. However, due to their higher long-term patency rates, arterial conduits are routinely used, with the left internal thoracic artery (LITA) on left anterior descending (LAD) being the gold standard in CABG. Our aim in the present work was to investigate the outcomes of a total arterial grafting (TAG) on the whole heart, with no use of venous grafts, compared to mixed conduits in real-world data. A literature search was conducted in the bibliographic databases PubMed and Web of Science. Only studies comparing TAG with conventional CABG (at least one venous graft plus one or more arterial grafts), with at least one hundred patients in each group were included in this review. After study selection, a total of 15 relevant studies were evaluated and discussed in the present review. Results indicated that TAG is a highly efficient technique, and multiple arterial grafts can be used to reliably revascularize all coronary artery territories. TAG was more beneficial in terms of both short and long-term outcomes and its use should be encouraged. Large randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm the superiority of total arterial grafting with regard to long-term outcomes.

Does Age Affect the Short- and Long-Term Outcomes of Coronary Bypass Grafting?

The etiology of coronary artery disease (CAD) is multifactorial, stemming from both modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors such as age. Several studies have reported the effects of age on various outcomes of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). This article reviews age-related outcomes of CABG and offers direction for further studies in the field to create comprehensive, evidence-based guidelines for the treatment of CAD. Ninety-two primary sources were analyzed for relevance to the subject matter, of which 17 were selected for further analysis: 14 retrospective cohort studies, 2 randomized clinical trials, and 1 meta-analysis. Our review revealed four broad age ranges into which patients can be grouped: those with CAD (1) below the age of 40 years, (2) between the ages of 40 and 60 years, (3) between the ages of 60 and 80 years, and (4) at or above 80 years. Patients below the age of 40 years fare best overall with total arterial revascularization (TAR). Patients between the ages of 40 and 60 years also fare well with the use of multiarterial grafts (MAGs) whereas either MAGs or single-arterial grafts may be of significant benefit to patients at or above the age of 60 years, with younger and diabetic patients benefitting the most. Arterial grafting is superior to vein grafting until the age of 80 years, at which point there is promising evidence supporting the continued use of the saphenous vein as the favored graft substrate. Age is a factor affecting the outcomes of CABG but should not serve as a barrier to offering patients CABG at any age from either a cost or a health perspective. Operative intervention starts to show significant mortality consequences at the age of 80 years, but the increased risk is countered by maintenance or improvement to patients' quality of life.

Saphenous Vein Graft Disease Interventions

AbstractIn the current era, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is being increasingly performed using total arterial revascularization or a hybrid procedure of stenting of non-LAD disease and minimal access left internal mammary artery (LIMA) to LAD grafts, in order to minimize the need for vein grafts. Still, we encounter saphenous vein graft (SVG) disease, and it might require PCI, which often presents with unique challenges. The current favored strategy is to attempt PCI of the native coronary, if feasible, especially in long degenerated SVG disease, as it has shown better short- and long-term outcome. PCI is preferred over repeat CABG for early recurrent symptoms after CABG in patent LIMA graft and amenable anatomy patients. Balloon predilatation is not recommended unless delivery of an EPD or stent is not possible. Distal protection should be considered the standard of care for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in most patients with older vein grafts, as periprocedural myocardial infarction and no reflow are the Achilles heel of SVG PCI. Intragraft vasodilators should be used liberally, even before balloon angioplasty/stenting. Avoid postdilatation, and usage of undersized but a longer stent length to reduce plaque extrusion through stent struts is preferred. Consider thrombectomy in lesions with a heavy thrombus burden. Keep activated clotting time on the higher side than in conventional PCI. Prolonged dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) based on the DAPT score is recommended. With all the precautions and care, we still need a fair wind in our favor to sail through the vein grafts disease.

Postoperative cerebrovascular complications in high-risk patients with coronary artery disease in cardiac surgery

Aim: to analyze the frequency and specificity of cerebrovascular complications in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) after cardiac surgery. Materials and methods: a retrospective analysis of data of 354 randomly selected patients with CAD who were operated on and discharged from the Amosov National Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ukraine from 2009 to 2019. The average age of the patients was 61.9±9.6 years old. In preoperative risk stratification according to the EuroSCORE II scale, patients were classified as high cardiac risk, the predictive risk of death was on average 8.8%. All patients underwent general clinical examinations, ECG, ECHO, coronary angiography and surgical treatment of CAD. Duplex scanningf the brachiocephalic arteries (BCA) was performed in 280 (79.09%) patients. Results: 43 (12.1%) patients had a history of stroke. Among 280 patients who underwent ultrasound examination of BCA, stenosis more than 50% of the internal carotid arteries was diagnosed in 95 (33.9%) cases. For hemodynamically significant (&gt; 70%) BCA stenoses, hemodynamic stability and coronary artery lesions that didn’t require emergency surgery, a neurosurgeon’s consultation is required. The predictive risk of postoperative stroke on the STS scale in average was 1.48±0.98% [range 0.2–6.8%]. In the postoperative period, in 10 (2.8%) patients non-fatal cerebrovascular accidents were developed, among which 5 (1.4%) had an ischemic stroke, and 5 (1.4%) had a transient ischemic attack. The risk of neurological complications in the perioperative period increases in patients with a history of stroke (р = 0,0002), preoperative atrial fibrillation (р = 0,013), aortic calcification (р = 0,003) and more significant decrease of blood pressure on the 1st postoperative day (systolic pressure p = 0.005, diastolic pressure p = 0.0008). Conclusions: strict monitoring of blood pressure and prevention of hypotension are required at all stages of patients management. The cardiac surgeon, whenever possible, limits manipulations on the atheromatous aorta, using the no-touch aorta technique, by performing total arterial revascularization. The work of a multidisciplinary team helps to avoid life-threatening events.

Prediction value of EuroSCORE II in total arterial revascularization and its usage in the evaluation of postoperative complications: Single-center experience

Total arterial revascularization is the most durable and technically the most demanding type of coronary artery bypass grafting procedure. It has proven long-term supremacy in comparison to conventional coronary artery bypass grafting. In our study, we investigated the reliability of EuroSCORE II as a predictor of intrahospital death. We showed its impact on adverse perioperative events. In this nonrandomized prospective study, we analyzed 116 consecutive patients who underwent the total arterial revascularization procedure at our Institute from January 2011 until the present. For myocardial revascularization, the most suitable combinations with left internal mammary artery, right internal mammary artery, and radial artery grafts were used. Main fact in this research was intrahospital mortality value in comparison with the value predicted. There were 104 (89.7%) males and 12 (10.3%) females. Mean preoperative EuroSCORE II prediction value was 1.98% and postoperative we obtained 1.72%. Postoperative redo for bleeding was 6%. Positive correlation was proven between the EuoroSCORE II value and intensive care unit stay (0.452; p < 0.001). Among patients who received two internal mammary arteries, the highest EuroSCORE II was among those with presternal wound infection (p = 0.005). Patients with bilateral internal mammary arteries and diabetes showed that they have the highest values of EuroSCORE II and, at the same time, that they are extremely prone to wound problems. We achieved a lower intrahospital mortality level than it was predicted with preoperative EuroSCORE II value. This tool is a reliable method for preoperative death risk calculation in this group of patients.

Hybrid coronary revascularization versus total arterial revascularization for the treatment of left main coronary artery disease.

BackgroundHybrid coronary revascularization (HCR) has a similar clinical outcome to coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in treating multivessel disease. However, the outcome of HCR in treating left main coronary artery (LM) disease is unclear. This study sought to compare the clinical outcome of HCR with total arterial revascularization (TAR) for treating LM disease.MethodsPatients who underwent treatment for LM disease in our center between January 2009 and December 2019 were selected. Of these, 33 patients underwent HCR, and 70 patients underwent TAR. The primary efficacy outcome of this study was mid-term major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE). The primary safety outcome was perioperative MACCE.ResultsThe incidence of postoperative outcomes was comparable between the two groups after adjustment with inverse probability weighting (IPW) (P>0.05). The median follow-up time was 47 (interquartile range, 20 to 85) months. There was no significant difference in the incidence of all mid-term outcomes and the freedom of MACCE between the two groups after adjustment (P>0.05). The Cox proportional hazard model demonstrated that HCR was not a significant determinant for MACCE [hazard ratio (HR) =3.516, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.835 to 14.813].ConclusionsHCR may be safe and effective for the treatment of LM disease compared with TAR.

Total Arterial Coronary Bypass Graft Surgery is Associated with Better Long-Term Survival in Patients with Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease: a Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.

IntroductionThe benefit of total arterial revascularization (TAR) in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) remains a controversial issue. This study sought to evaluate whether there is any difference on the long-term results of TAR and non-TAR CABG patients.MethodsThe Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Excerpta Medica dataBASE (EMBASE), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL/CCTR), Clinical Trials.gov, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), and Google Scholar databases were searched for studies published by October 2020. Randomized clinical trials and observational studies with propensity score matching comparing TAR versus non-TAR CABG were included. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed. The current barriers to implementation of TAR in clinical practice and measures that can be used to optimize outcomes were reviewed.ResultsFourteen publications (from 2012 to 2020) involving a total of 22,746 patients (TAR: 8,941 patients; non-TAR: 13,805 patients) were included. The pooled hazard ratio (HR) for long-term mortality (over 10 years) was lower in the TAR group than in the non-TAR group (random effect model: HR 0.676, 95% confidence interval 0.586-0.779, P<0.001). There was evidence of low heterogeneity of treatment effect among the studies for mortality, and none of the studies had a particular impact on the summary result. The result was not influenced by age, sex, or comorbidities. We identified low risk of publication bias related to this outcome.ConclusionThis review found that TAR presents the best long-term results in patients who undergo CABG. Given that many patients are likely to benefit from TAR, its use should be encouraged.

M03 RARAY Operation for Triple Vessel Revascularisation: A Novel Technique

Achievement of total arterial revascularisation (TAR) may increase survival compared to use of saphenous vein grafting. TAR may be achieved with individual grafts, composite Y-graft with left internal mammary artery (LIMA) or a novel technique described—use of two radial arteries (RA) as a Y graft without use of any mammary artery.