Total Annual Catch Research Articles

Oak pollen concentration in the air of selected Polish cities in 2020

The study aims to compare the oak pollen season in selected Polish cities: Bialystok, Bydgoszcz, Cracow, Katowice, Piotrkow Trybunalski, Lublin, Olsztyn, Opole, Szczecin, Warsaw, and Wroclaw in 2020. Measurements were made using the volumetric method, with a Hirst-type sampler. Oak pollen season, defined as the period with 98% of the annual total catch, started between April 14th (in Opole) and April 25th (in Lublin). The season ended on June 1st at the latest; in Sosnowiec, Bydgoszcz, Olsztyn, and Bialystok. It lasted from 30 to 47 days (37 days on average). The maximum daily oak pollen concentrations were observed between April 24th and May 11th. The highest annual sum of oak pollen grains (SPI) was recorded in Lublin, while the lowest in Bialystok. The highest concentrations of 596 oak pollen grains/m3 were noted in Lublin on April 28th. The longest exposure to high concentrations of oak pollen (> 91 grains/m3), lasting 12–13 days, was recorded in Lublin, Opole, and Wroclaw.

Importance of recreational shore angling in the archipelago of Madeira, Portugal (northeast Atlantic)

In 2017, a total of 4825 licences were issued for shore angling in Madeira. Surveys were conducted on 734 anglers, some in the government fisheries office during the licence request and others during the fishing activity. Shore angling is practised throughout the year, mostly at weekends and during day time, and with an increase in summer. More than 60% of the anglers are unemployed, have low incomes, and spend on average €254 per person per year on this activity, adding up to a total of €1.16 million per year. Shore angling average number of fishing days per year per fisher was 65.1±62.0 and the average catch per unit of effort was 0.35±0.26 kg/angler/hour. The estimated total annual catch was 520.7 t. Forty-three teleost species, 2 elasmobranchs and 6 invertebrates were identified in the catches. Despite the limitations and inaccuracies inherent to the surveys, they still provided valuable information and gave a general perception of the recreational shore fisheries in Madeira. The possible impact on the most captured species, such as the white seabream, Diplodus sargus (Linnaeus, 1758), and the parrotfish Sparisoma cretense (Linnaeus, 1758), should be analysed because high fishing pressure could affect populations and ecosystems.

Catch and trade bans for seahorses can be negated by non‐selective fisheries

Abstract All seahorse species (genus Hippocampus) are listed under Schedule I of India's Wild Life Protection Act, making all capture and trade of seahorses illegal. In the more than 15 years since the ban, little work has been done to assess its effects on seahorse conservation. Between 2015 and 2017, fisheries and trade surveys were conducted along the south‐east coast of India, in the state of Tamil Nadu, historically known to be a hub for seahorse catches and trade. Seahorses were primarily landed as bycatch, although in greater quantities by traditional drag nets than as trawl bycatch. Total annual catches were estimated between 4.98 million and 13.64 million seahorses, 87% of which were caught by active non‐selective gear. Generalized additive models revealed that seahorse catch per unit effort had non‐linear relations with depth and latitude, and were higher in biogenic habitats, with active, bottom‐used, and non‐selective gears (e.g. trawls). The illegal nature of the trade in seahorses hampered an understanding of trade routes and trade volumes. Catch estimates indicated that 11.21–30.31 tonnes of seahorses probably entered trade, yet interviews with traders only documented trade of about 1.6 tonnes. Fishers reported a decreasing availability of seahorses. Since most seahorses come from bycatch in persistent fisheries that are not directly affected by the ban on seahorse capture, this decline is likely to represent a population decline. A fishery and trade ban for incidentally caught species, particularly in a poorly regulated fishery, appears to add little conservation value. There needs to be a shift in the management approach, moving from a ban towards spatial and temporal restrictions, and toward enforcing existing fishery regulations.

Modern state of aquatic biological resources of the Amur River basin and directions of their research

Current status of aquatic biological resources in the middle and lower parts of the Amur River basin, including Lake Khanka and the Amursky Liman, is assessed. Generally high abundance of the water organisms is noted, but a downward trend is revealed. In 2015–2019, the total annual catch in the basin by Russian fishermen changed between 15.9–69.6 . 103 t (on average 39.1 . 103 t), with the main portions of pacific salmons (31.9 . 103 t, or 81.6 % of total catch) and smelts (5.5 . 103 t, 14.1 %). After the peak in 2016, the salmons abundance in the Amur has decreased, particularly for summer chum salmon and pink salmon, the number of arctic rainbow smelt Osmerus dentex has decreased gradually in the last 3 years. The stocks of freshwater fish are generally stable, with a slight increase for some species. The program of fisheries research «Amur River Fishes» implemented for 2020–2024 includes intensifying of traditional monitoring of the stocks and their biological state, as well as organization of detailed comprehensive studies for key species. Improvement of data quality on status of the main stocks of pacific salmons, smelts, and freshwater fishes is planned, as the basis for fisheries forecasting. Besides, the program conducts quantitative assessment of the main components of the ecosystem (phyto- and zooplankton, macrozoobenthos, and fish) and their dependence on environmental changes. State of food base for the Amur fish will be evaluated, including the feeding of artificially reproduced juveniles of salmons and sturgeons. Results of these studies will allow to improve approaches to regulation of fishery and to promote development of fishery industry toward organization of effective fishery complex in the Amur River basin.

Optimal fishing mortality assignment for southern hake Merluccius australis in Chile

Since 1979, southern hake (Merluccius australis) has been exploited in Chile from the Bio Bio to the Magallanes regions, between the parallels 41°28.6'S and 57°S. There is evidence of a constant fishing effort and a sustained reduction of the fish population, consistent with a progressive decrease in total annual catches. Management strategies based on the maximum sustainable yield (MSY) and quota assignment/ distribution criteria have not been able to sustain acceptable biomass levels. A non-linear optimization model with two objective functions was proposed to determine an optimal total catch quota for more sustainable exploitation of this fishery. The first function maximizes the total catch over time in response to an optimal assignment of fishing mortality rates per fleet; the second function maximizes the total economic benefit associated with the total catch. The dynamics of the fish population were represented with the equations of a predictive age-structured model. Decision variables were fishing mortality rates and annual catch quotas per fleet, subject to constraints that guarantee a minimum level of biomass escape over a long-term period. The input parameters were obtained from the last stock evaluation report carried out by the Instituto de Fomento Pesquero (IFOP) of Chile. The historical background data of the fishery and the regulatory framework were relevant aspects of the methodology. Five scenarios were evaluated with the two objective functions, including a base scenario, which considered the referential mortality rate as input data as the average mortality rate per fleet from 2007 to 2012. Total economic benefits fluctuate between 102 and USD 442 million for total catches in the range of 108 to 421 thousand tons, which were obtained from maximizing the economic and biological objective functions. Economic benefit/catch ratios were reduced for scenarios with higher constraints on catch limits, and they were more efficient from a biological point of view. Situations with lighter constraints showed in general higher economic benefits and better performance ratios than those with stronger restrictions. The use of optimization models may provide a useful tool to evaluate the effect of regulations for adequate conservation and economical utilization of a limited resource.

Linking mangroves and fish catch: a correlational study in the southern Caribbean Sea (Colombia)

Mangroves provide habitat to a variety of fish species, potentially enhancing fish production in small-scale fisheries. Fish production ecosystem services have been correlated with mangrove area and perimeter in many tropical locations; however, nothing has been published linking small-scale fish catch and mangrove attributes in the southern Caribbean Sea. We correlated environmental variables with experimentally-derived catch per unit effort (CPUE) and richness of fishes in the Colombian southern Caribbean Sea, an area not directly connected with other productive coastal habitats. Concurrently, we measured mangrove attributes (area, perimeter, above-ground carbon), water quality (salinity, total dissolved solids), and water column productivity parameters (chlorophyll a, seston, zooplankton biovolume). Mangrove area and zooplankton biovolume were the main factors influencing fish species richness. Mangrove area was positively correlated with catches for three of the most common fish species in the local artisanal fishery: Ariopsis canteri Acero P, Betancur-R, and Marceniuk, 2017, Mugil incilis Hancock, 1830, and Sciades proops (Valenciennes, 1840), which represent about 22% of the total regional annual catch. Our results suggest causal links between mangrove habitat and fishery production through a mangrove trophic contribution. Ariopsis canteri appears to be a mangrove-dependent species and M. incilis a mangrove- associated species. These results support managing or preserving mangroves in the most extensive areas in the southern Caribbean to sustain small-scale fishery resources used mainly for community sustenance where alternative resources are limited.

Alder pollen season in selected cities of Poland in 2020

This paper presents the course of alder pollination season in Poland in 2020. The measurements were performed in Bydgoszcz, Bialystok, Lublin, Olsztyn, Opole, Piotrkow Trybunalski, Sosnowiec, Szczecin, Warsaw, Wroclaw and Zielona Gora. Volumetric method with the use of Volumetric Spore Trap (Burkard, Lanzoni) was implemented. Pollen season was defined as the period in which 95% of the annual total catch occurred. The alder pollen season in 2020 started about 10–30 days earlier compared to 2017–2019. The pollen season started first in Szczecin, Opole and Zielona Gora (in the second half of January). In the other cities alder pollen season started in first half of February. The highest daily pollen count was recorded in Lublin (1211 P/m3). In other cities the maximum concentrations ranged from 160 P/m3 in Sosnowiec to 465 P/m3 in Piotrkow Trybunalski. The highest alder pollen concentrations were detected in the first decade of March (March 1st–3rd). Only in Zielona Gora, Wroclaw, Opole and Sosnowiec the maximum concentration was recorded in the third decade of February. The annual pollen sum of Alnus in 2020 was even 5–10 times lower than in years 2019.

Can otolith microstructure and elemental fingerprints elucidate the early life history stages of the gadoid southern blue whiting (Micromesistius australis australis)?

Southern blue whiting (Micromesistius australis australis) once contributed to one of the largest finfish fisheries in the Southwest Atlantic. Intense exploitation began in the late 1970s with peak total annual catches attaining 258.000 tonnes in 1983. Continuing levels of exploitation hereafter resulted in a significant reduction in its abundance by the early 1990s and forced the implementation of a suite of conservation measures to rebuild these stocks. Improved recruitment levels in recent years suggests that these measures have been effective. However, more information on habitat use and behaviour during the early life history stages of this fish is required to be able to draw firm conclusions. Here, we use complimentary investigations into otolith microstructure and trace elemental composition (by LA-ICPMS) to study the early stages of ontogeny in M. a. australis. We provide evidentiary support for the formation of daily growth increments on the otoliths of juvenile M. a. australis and utilise these to estimate the age at onset and completion of metamorphosis (30.5 ± 0.3 and 60.7 ± 1.8 days after the first increment formation, respectively). The timing of a newly defined ‘juvenile transition-mark’ (corresponding to the transition from the epipelagic larval habitat to a deeper juvenile habitat) was estimated to form at 76.5 ± 2.0 days after first increment formation, suggesting that early juveniles remain in the epipelagic habitat for over two weeks post-metamorphosis. Significant shifts in element:42Ca ratios were found for elements 24Mg, 55Mn, 88Sr and 138Ba between otolith zones corresponding to different ontogenetic stages: (A) larval-, (B) metamorphosis- and (C) juvenile zone. These shifts could be correlated with changes in behaviour and habitat. Elemental ‘fingerprints’ for each of the three otolith zones were found to be distinct through high classification accuracies of the Random Forest classifier (81.1 ± 0.1 %), with 55Mn:42Ca contributing most to the classification. This holistic approach investigating both otolith microstructure and elemental composition provided evidence that ontogeny could be a confounding factor in natal (geographic) origin studies if elements predominantly controlled by physiology are included in the respective classification analyses.

State of Fisheries in Lake Qarun, Egypt: Review Article

This article aims to review the available studies concerning fisheries status of Lake Qarun to suggest an effective strategy for improving its annual total fish catch. Data were collected from the available Publications from GAFRD (General Authority for Fish Resources Development), Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics (CAPMAS), and data collected from reports funded by World Fish Center and FAO were used as data sources of this article. In addition to published papers and reports. Also, from extended visits to Lake Qarun. This article introduces information about study area, environment of Lake Qarun, fishing boats and methods, total fish production, species composition and different biological studies that carried out on Lake Qarun from 1935 till 2019. Recommendations for proper management of this selected sector were recorded in the present study.

Evaluation of Fisheries Management Techniques in Three Wetlands in Bangladesh

Aim: To evaluate the impact of community-based co-management and fisheries management techniques on fisheries production and biodiversity in three large wetlands in Bangladesh.
 Study Design: A robust catch assessment approach to measure fisheries production, species composition and biodiversity in large wetlands.
 Place and Duration of Study: The study sites are located in three wetlands in Bangladesh, namely Hail Haor, Kangsha-Malijhee and Turag-Bangshi for a period of two years (2010 and 2011) covering MACH and IPAC working area.
 Methodology: Species wise catch and efforts by gear type was monitored through the regular sampling to estimate the annual total catch and fishing effort. Randomly selected samples of the catch by species and effort by gear are recorded for each gear type observed to be operated on the same day. The numbers and weight of all fish species in the catch were recorded. The study also compared results in the last years of MACH initiatives to observe the status of fisheries production (kg/ha) and biodiversity Index (H´).
 Results: The study indicated that the 2011 annual fish production (kg/ha) increased by 125 and 271% compared to the baseline survey in 1999 in Hail Haor and Kangsho-Malijhee respectively. The results suggested that Hail Haor and Kangsha-Malijhee wetlands showed considerably enriched biodiversity over 12 years, whilst, Turag-Bangshi showed upwards from 1999 to 2006 and decreased in 2010 and 2011. In 2010, fish production was 393, 322 and 139 kg/ha, and in 2011 fishes production was 370, 556 and 88 kg/ha in Hail Haor, Kangsho-Malijhee and Turagh-Bangshi wetlands, respectively.
 Conclusions: The assessment indicated that the overall fish production and biodiversity has been improved due to community-based co-management and this lesson could be replicated widely to sustain wetland resources.

Decadal-Scale Changes in Subtidal Nekton Assemblages in a Warm-Temperate Estuary

Coincidental long-term changes in estuarine nekton assemblages and environmental conditions are widely reported. In this study, from a warm-temperate, high salinity, salt marsh-dominated estuary in the southeastern USA, decreases in overall abundance, shifts in species and life stage composition, and changes in seasonal patterns of occurrence coincided with increased water temperature. Biweekly trawl collections in a subtidal creek were made during two 4-year periods separated by more than 30 years. Of the total 111 taxa in the North Inlet estuary, South Carolina, 64% (71) occurred during both the historic (1981–84) and recent (2013–16) periods. The top five species and their proportions of the total annual catches changed between periods. In the recent study period, near-bottom species (Lagodon rhomboides, Bairdiella chrysoura, Litopenaeus setiferus) increased, and pelagic species (Anchoa spp. and Lolliguncula brevis) decreased. The mean abundance of total nekton in the recent period was approximately 50% of historic abundance. Large, but temporary increases in nekton abundance occurred when salinity decreased after major storms. In the recent study period, shifts in the timing of peak abundances from spring to fall, the occurrence of juveniles during winter, and increased diversity suggested responses to significantly warmer winters and summers. Over the 30 year period, the subtidal nekton assemblage transitioned to a state of lower abundance and different composition. Future increases in water temperature, incidences of major storms, and modifications of estuarine habitats due to rising sea level could lead to additional changes in the fauna of warm-temperate estuaries.

MODELING DISTRIBUTION OF SAURY CATCHES IN RELATION WITH ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS

Pacific saury Cololabis saira is widely distributed in the North Pacific, with commercial harvesting in the area between 140–172о E. Relationship of its commercial catches distribution with environmental factors is investigated using the daily SST data, the daily data set of multivariate ocean variational estimation system (MOVE) produced by Meteorological Research Institute (Japan) for the area between 140–159о E (about 95 % of all catches and 100 % of the Russian catches of saury were landed in this area in 1994–2017), and the daily set of saury catches position with 1 km resolution collected by the Russian vessel monitoring system. Spatial resolution for all data sets is upscaled to the resolution of MOVE system (0.1 x 0.1 degree). Contribution and permutation importance for the catch distribution are estimated for 184 possible combinations of SST and MOVE products with the lags of 0–7 days and moving average window from 0 to 7 days using the method of maximum entropy (MaxEnt). For synchronic relationships, the best results are found for SST, water temperature at 50 m depth and its spatial gradient, moreover, SST provides high contribution with the lag up to 2 days and the temperature at 50 m and its gradient — with the lag 3–7 days. The same sets of environmental parameters are used for the catches distribution modeling with GAMs and Random Forest techniques; the latter method shows better accuracy and other indices of the confusion matrix. Year-to-year changes of the total area with predicted conditions favorable for the saury fishery within the EEZ of Russia and Japan correlate strongly (r = 0.96, p < 0.05) with the total annual catch of saury, in particular for the extreme years (high catches in 2008, 2014, and 2018, low catch in 2017).

Bioresource capacity of the black sea and its development by the national fishery in the XX and XXI centuries

In this paper, the history of the formation, dynamics of structure, and species composition of the main objects of the national fishery in the Black Sea from the moment of the fall of the Crimean Khanate in 1783 up to today are analyzed, as well as the structure of commercial biological resources of the sea formed throughout the geological history of development of the Ponto-Caspian Basin (more than 30 million years). The geography and catch composition, scales, and methods of fish harvesting in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries are examined. The stages of intensification and reduction of fish harvesting success and the causes of these fluctuations (natural dynamics of population abundance, press of predatory species, hydrotechnical construction, marine pollution, overfishing, poaching) are identified. The author shows that at the end of the twentieth century, the Russian fishing industry entered a depressed state, while the other Black Sea countries increased their average annual total catch. At the same time, starting at the beginning of the twenty-first century, due to the lessening of press of warty comb jelly (Mnemiopsis leidyi), a decrease in the level of oil and chemical pollution of coastal and shelf waters in the northern Black Sea, and a reduction in industrial production on the seacoast and watershed territories, the ecological situation in the Russian territorial waters improved significantly and many formerly commercial fish populations started to recover.

Stable isotopes infer the value of Australia’s coastal vegetated ecosystems from fisheries

AbstractWild capture fisheries provide substantial input to the global economy through employment and revenue. The coastal zone is especially productive, accounting for just 7% of the total area of the ocean, but supporting an estimated 50% of the world's fisheries. Vegetated coastal ecosystems—seagrass meadows, tidal marshes and mangrove forests—are widely cited as providing nutritional input that underpin coastal fisheries production; however, quantitative evidence of this relationship is scarce. Using Australia as a case study, we synthesized fisheries stable isotope data to estimate nutritional input derived from coastal vegetated ecosystems and combined these “proportional contribution” estimates with total annual catch data from commercial fisheries to determine species‐specific dollar values for coastal vegetated ecosystems. Based on the data from 96 commercially important fish species across Australian states (total landings 14 × 106 tonnes pa), we provide a conservative estimate that Australia's coastal vegetated ecosystems contribute at least 78 million AUD per year to the fisheries economy. Two thirds of this contribution came from tidal marshes and seagrasses that were both equally valued at 31.5 million AUD per year (39.4%) followed by mangroves at 14.9 million AUD per year (18.6%). The highest dollar values of coastal ecosystems originated from eastern king prawn (Melicertus plebejus) and giant mud crab (Scylla serrata). This study demonstrates the substantial economic value supported by Australia's coastal vegetated ecosystems through commercial fisheries harvest. These estimates create further impetus to conserve and restore coastal wetlands and maintain their support of coastal fisheries into the future.

Is the birch pollen threat the same indoors and outdoors?

The study compares the concentration of birch pollen indoors and outdoors in 2019. The investigations were carried out using the volumetricmethod (Hirst type pollen sampler). Seasonal Pollen Index (SPI) was estimated as the sum of daily average pollen concentrations in the givenseason. Pollen season was defined as the period in which 98% of the annual total catch occurred. The birch pollen season in 2019 started at thebeginning of April. The first pollen grains were recorded in internal samples on the April 4th, only one day after than in external air. In generally theperiod of occurrence of birch pollen in the outdoor and indoor air coincided (28/29 days). The maximum values of seasonal birch pollen countwere noted on April 18th (467 g/m3) and on April 20th (1971 g/m3) (indoor/outdoor). The annual pollen sum of birch noted outdoor reached 18 148, inside seminary room – 3141, which is 17% of total. Three peaks of high concentrations of birch pollen were noted outside, which was only partly reflected in the indoor air. This may be result of closing the windows for the night and on weekends. The threat of birch pollen allergens during the 2019 pollen season was high. For most of the season in outside air were noted values in which patients report severe allergy symptoms. Such concentrations were recorded for 9 days indoor with concentration above 90 grains/m3 (acute symptoms of allergy).

Análisis bioeconómico de la pesquería de calamar gigante <em>Dosidicus gigas</em> en el noroeste de México

Objetivo: realizar un análisis bioeconómico de la pesquería de calamar gigante Dosidicus gigas en el noroeste de México. Metodología: la dinámica poblacional del recurso fue modelada con el algoritmo de Schaefer (1954) usando dos pares de valores de la tasa intrínseca de crecimiento poblacional (r) que representa el aumento de una población en un período determinado y de la capacidad de carga del ambiente (k): r = 1.23-1, k = 243,836 t y r = 1.68 año-1, k =190,468 t. Se emplearon datos oficiales de capturas anuales de 1974-2012 y de esfuerzo pesquero de 2010-2012 para pangas y barcos, ya que 2012 es el último año con capturas comerciales, previo al colapso de la pesquería que inició en 2013 y que a la fecha permanece. Los costos de operación y precios de venta del producto fueron obtenidos mediante entrevistas con productores pesqueros de la región. Se aplicaron el modelo biológico de Schaefer y el modelo bioeconómico de dos flotas compitiendo por un stock, con poder de pesca y costos de operación y valor del producto diferentes. Resultados: el esfuerzo aplicado en 2012 estaba cerca del esfuerzo necesario para obtener el máximo rendimiento económico fMRE en ambas flotas, y el esfuerzo total autorizado estaría operando en condiciones económicas sub-óptimas entre el esfuerzo en el máximo rendimiento económico fMRE y el esfuerzo en equilibrio bioeconómico fEB, alcanzando un equilibrio poblacional EP en 34 % de k, independiente de los valores de r y k utilizados. La biomasa en equilibrio económico BEEC estimada fue muy baja, del orden de 16 % de k para pangas y de 32 % de k para barcos: Las pangas se ubicaron por debajo del punto de referencia límite PRL de 20 % de k establecido en la Carta Nacional Pesquera de México 2012 (Diario Oficial de la Federación, 2012) para varias especies. Limitaciones: no hay datos posteriores a 2012; Se asume un coeficiente de capturabilidad constante. Conclusiones: de existir una capturabilidad denso-dependiente, la biomasa estimada debió estar más baja que la pronosticada por el modelo biológico de 19 %, lo que implica que se pudo haber llegado al fMRE de las pangas, en un nivel de biomasa de riesgo para el stock.

DYNAMICS, STRUCTURE AND DRIVERS OF FISH CATCH IN RUSSIAN FEDERATION (2005–2017)

The main trends in fisheries are considered by the fishery basins, including dynamics of annual catches and changes in their structure, both for inland and marine areas, on the data of fishery statistics for 2005–2017. The landing in the inland waters of Russian Federation is estimated as 8.4–10.0 % of the total national annual catch. Its mean annual volume for this period was 375.103 t; it grew on average in 2.2 % annually. This volume was landed mainly (85 %) in four inland basins: Volga-Caspian, Far Eastern, Azov-Black Sea, and West Siberian ones. About ⅓ of the volume was provided by cultivated fish, in particular in the Azov-Black Sea basin (87 % of the total freshwater catch) and Northern basin (69 %). Marine fishery produced 2990–4644 . 103 t, or 90.0–91.6 % of the total Russian catch. Its annual landing has increased by more than a half since 2005, with the average growth in 3.7 % annually. This volume was landed mainly within the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) of Russia — 74.7 %, the rest was landed in the neutral areas of the World Ocean (5.9 %) or in EEZ of foreign states (19.4 %). The main region of marine fishery is the Far-Eastern basin, which portion in the national catch increased in 13 years from 62.6 % to 68.7 %, whereas the portion of the Northern and Western basins decreased in 3.7 % (to 21.5 %) and 3.0 % (to 7.9 %), respectively. In the Far-Eastern basin almost whole catch was landed within EEZ of Russia (3149 . 103 t), though in the Northern and Western basins the catch was obtained mainly in EEZ of foreign states (on average 557 . 103 t and . 103 t, respectively) and beyond EEZ (116 . 103 t and 94 . 103 t, respectively). Influence of the export supplies on the fish supply to the domestic market of Russia is analyzed. The landings increase contributes to the export increasing, but other factors are likely to be the main drivers of the export growth. This information on quantitative structure of the national annual catch could be used in economical forecasts and for developing of programs and strategies for the fishery industry of Russia. Examples of its practical using for solving of some applied problems in the economics are presented.

SPECIES COMPOSITION OF COMMERCIAL FISH CATCHES IN WATER BODIES OF THE STAVROPOL TERRITORY FOR THE PERIOD OF THE LATE XX – EARLY XXI CENTURIES

Aim. The aim of the study is to analyze the species composition of commercial fish catches in water bodies of the Stavropol Territory for two periods from 1986 to the present.Methods. The first period from 1986 to 2003 is conventionally highlighted and the second period from 2009 to 2017. Data on linear and area characteristics of the territorial objects was obtained using Landsat 8 satellite imagery.Results. In 2017, in the fish industry of the Stavropol Territory, 10.8 thousand tons of marketable fish were produced, which was about 70% of the best production level in 1990. The share of common carp production was 58%, silver carp – 34%, white Amur – 5% , other carp fish species – 3%, trout and sturgeon – 1%. In 2017, 1415 tons of fish seeds were produced bringing the total to 19 million units, which is 4 times less than in 1990. The importance of fish catching in providing the population of the region with fish is not so great in comparison with fish farming. In different periods of the last thirty years, the total annual catch in regional state water bodies (reservoirs) ranged from a maximum of 1065 tons (1990) to a minimum of 82 tons (2016). The average annual catch in all state water bodies for the period 1986 – 2003 amounted to 357 tons; fish productivity was 32 kg, with fluctuations from 2 to 113 kg/ha in eleven water bodies. Over the past 9 years, since 2009, the average annual catch in all state water bodies has decreased and amounted to 285 tons.Conclusion. For the period of 1986-2003, the average annual catch of common carp and silver crucian carp was 94 tons each and 79 tons of silver carp; the total share of these three species in catches was 85%. Over the past 9 years (2009-2017), the total share of these fish in the catches has decreased to 66%. The average annual catch of common carp and silver carps was almost halved, while the catch of less valuable silver crucian carp increased and reached 103 tons.

Analysis of the plantain pollen season in selected Polish cities in 2018

The paper presents the course of pollen season of plantain in Bialystok, Bydgoszcz, Drawsko Pomorskie, Cracow, Lublin, Olsztyn, Opole, Piotrkow Trybunalski, Sosnowiec, Szczecin, Warsaw, Wroclaw and Zielona Gora in 2018. Measurements were performed by the volumetric method (Burkard and Lanzoni pollen samplers). Pollen season was defined as the period in which 98% of the annual total catch occurred. The plantain pollen season started in the first decade of May and lasted until the end of September. Despite such a long pollen season in Poland, only in some cities there are days with an average concentration exceeding 10 P/m3. Significant differences were observed in annual sum values. The highest values were recorded in Lublin (400 grains) and Zielona Gora (308 grains), and the lowest in Drawsko Pomorskie (160 grains) and Olsztyn (184 grains). The value of annual average in 2018 was usually lower than in the previous years.

Pollen of plane in the air of selected cities of Poland in 2018

The course of plane pollen season in Bialystok, Bydgoszcz, Drawsko Pomorskie, Olsztyn, Opole, Szczecin, Warsaw and in Zielona Gora in the year 2018 was presented. Measurements were performed by the volumetric method (Lanzoni or Burkard pollen sampler). Pollen season was defined as the period in which 98% of the annual total catch occurred. In most of the cities, the plane pollen season in 2018 started in the second decade of April. The highest airborne concentration of 87 pollen grains/m3 was noted in Zielona Gora on the April 28th and in Opole (85 pollen grains/m3) on the April 29th. The high pollen count of plane has a local character resulting from the number of trees in cities. The highest risk of pollen allergy associated with the presence of airborne plane pollen was found in Zielona Gora, Opole, Warsaw and Szczecin.