Torsion Beam Suspension Research Articles

The Analysis of Stiffness and Driving Stability in Cross-Member Reinforcements Based on the Curvature of a Small SUV Rear Torsion Beam Suspension System

Most small SUVs in the automotive market are equipped with torsion beam suspension for the rear wheels. Torsion beam suspension consists of a cross-member and a trailing arm. The cross-member plays a crucial role in preventing the vehicle from twisting; therefore, a shape that can withstand loads is essential. In this study, various shapes of cross-member reinforcements were added to the existing torsion beam suspension to analyze its structural strength when subjected to arbitrary forces. Analysis results were obtained for stiffness and driving stability factors such as smooth road shake, impact hardness, and memory shake. Based on these results, we identified the optimal cross-member shape with low torsional stiffness and a small side view swing arm angle by examining the changes in driving stability.

The influence of the anti-roll bar on the vehicle’s roll angle

This study investigates the impact of the anti-roll bar (ARB) on the roll angle of a Toyota Prius vehicle. The vehicle is equipped with a front independent MacPherson strut suspension incorporating a P-shaped stabilizer bar, and a rear semiindependent torsion beam suspension. The methodology involves determining the stiffness of the ARB and analyzing its influence on the vehicle’s roll angle using both theoretical and experimental approaches. The results indicate that the mathematical model, which takes into account the stiffness of the stabilizer bar, effectively predicts and explains the vehicle’s roll behavior. Keywords: unsprung mass displacement, vehicle stability, anti-roll bar

Position design of the trailing arm bushing on torsion beam suspension accounting for vehicle transient handling performance and uncertainties

The bushing of the trailing arm on torsion beam suspension plays a pivotal role in vehicle dynamic behavior. In this paper, the connection between bushing position and vehicle dynamic response is elucidated. According to the simulation results, the impact of the bushing position on the transient performance of vehicle is more pronounced at low handling frequencies, and different index under the same bushing position are not always optimal. To design the bushing position that is better for evaluation indexes, this paper formulates the design problem of the bushing position as a multi-objective optimization problem. Due to the influence of actual production and processing, inevitable errors in bushing position may result in vehicle performance not meeting design requirements. Therefore, this paper takes into consideration the uncertainties and conducts robust multi-objective optimization to design the bushing position. To address the computational burden associated with robust optimization, the RBF approximation model is developed in this paper. Finally, the optimization problem is solved with the NSGA-II intelligent algorithm. The optimization results show that the bushing position designed by robust multi-objective optimization results in vehicle with stronger anti-roll performance and better robustness for each evaluation index. It is more suitable for practical applications.

The determination of the optimum position of bushing in the trailing arm of torsion beam suspension considering the performance of whole vehicle

Torsion beam suspension is used extensively in the rear suspension of the vehicle. The suspension is connected to the vehicle body by the bushing of the trailing arm. In the early stages of design, determining the position of the bushing to provide the vehicle with good performance is important. Based on this, this study explains the influence of the position of the bushing on the performance of the vehicle theoretically. In the simulation study, this paper establishes the hard point m in the multi-body dynamics model and converts the coordinates of the m into angles α and γ to describe the specific position of the bushing. This method is based on changing the coordinates of m to obtain the corresponding position of the bushing and making it possible to investigate the influence of the position of the bushing on vehicle performance within a certain design space. The influence of the specific position of the bushing on the evaluation indexes of the simulation tests including constant radius cornering and the ride comfort on bump road is further investigated. The simulation results show that each index has significant differences with different α and γ. For a single evaluation index, it is possible to find a set of α, γ to make it optimal within the design range, but not all the indexes can be made optimal with the same α, γ. To determine the position of the bushing that will provide the vehicle with better performance, this paper takes the coordinates of m as the optimization variables and the evaluation indexes as the optimization objectives to carry out multi-objective optimization with NSGA-II, NCGA, and MOPSO algorithms. Three specific positions of the bushing that satisfy the optimization requirements are finally obtained.

Collaborative Optimization for Torsion Beam Opening Direction and Rubber Bushing Installation Angle of Torsion Beam Suspension to Improve Frequency Response Characteristics of the Vehicle

The structure of torsion beam suspension is analyzed, and based on the real vehicle, the torsion beam suspension coupled with flexible torsion beam and the multibody dynamics model of vehicle is established. The influence mechanism of torsion beam opening angle and rubber bushing installation angle on roll center and roll stiffness of suspension is systematically analyzed. Under different opening angles of torsion beam and different rubber bushing installation angles, a comparative analysis of the changes of the toe angle and camber angle is carried out when the torsion beam suspension is moved and subjected to force. Based on simulation of the sine swept steering input of vehicle, the frequency response characteristic index of vehicle is taken as the optimization objectives, the opening angle of the torsion beam and rubber bushing installation angle of the vehicle are taken as the optimization variables, and performance of the whole vehicle is optimized by using multiobjective optimization algorithm. The optimized vehicle and original vehicle are compared with the frequency response characteristics and steady-state characteristics. The results show the frequency response and steady-state characteristics of the optimized vehicle have been improved.

Analysis and Optimization of Beam Opening Angle of Torsion Beam Suspension to Improve Frequency Response Characteristics of Whole Vehicle

Analysis and Optimization of Beam Opening Angle of Torsion Beam Suspension to Improve Frequency Response Characteristics of Whole Vehicle

Collaborative optimization of bushing installation angle and bushing stiffness of torsion beam suspension to improve the handing stability of the whole vehicle

Both the bushing installation angle and bushing stiffness of torsion beam suspension have important and complex effects on suspension characteristics and vehicle handling stability. For improving the vehicle handling stability by optimizing the two, this paper systematically analyzes the influence mechanism of the bushing installation angle and bushing stiffness of the torsion beam suspension on the suspension C characteristic. The nonlinear relationship between the bushing installation angle and the steady-state characteristics index in the local design space is discussed. The influence mechanism of the bushing installation angle and bushing stiffness on the frequency response characteristics is deeply analyzed, the variation relationship of the frequency characteristic index at the low frequency of 0.5 Hz under different bushing installation angles and bushing stiffnesses is obtained. Finally, the bushing stiffness, which has a great influence on the frequency characteristics, and the bushing installation angle are taken as the optimization variables, and the frequency characteristic index is taken as the optimization goal, and the multi-objective collaborative optimization of the frequency characteristic is carried out with the help of genetic algorithm. From the comparative analysis of transient and steady-state characteristics before and after optimization, it can be seen the vehicle handling stability has been improved.

Analisis Tegangan City Electric Car Torsi Beam Suspension Menggunakan Metode Finite Element Model (FEM)

The torsion beam is one of the most important parts of an electric car. The torsion beam can accept the loading of vehicle structures statically and dynamically. The movement of the vehicle, such as turning, turning with a bumpy road contour, affects the stress limit that the torsion beam can support. This study aims to simulate the effects of shifts such as deflection and stress on the use of a torsion beam suspension. The method used is a loading simulation using the Finite Element Model (FEM) model. The results showed that the maximum deflection effect occurred in the 2000N loading of 1.5347 mm, while the maximum stress effect occurred in the 2000N loading of 2342.57N.

DEĞİŞKEN KESİTE SAHİP BURULMA KİRİŞLİ SÜSPANSİYON SİSTEMLERİNİN KİNEMATİK PERFORMANSININ İNCELENMESİ

Twist beam suspension systems are frequently used in middle-class vehicles due to their advantages such as lightness, low cost and packaging area. Due to the increased emission restrictions, suspension systems are desired to be light as well as providing certain kinematic values. For this reason, researchers have worked on both lightweight and high-performance twist beam suspension systems. The most important component of this suspension system is the twist beam, and researchers are highly concentrated on this component. When this suspension system first appeared, it was generally designed from profiles with a constant cross-section. Recently, formed tubes and variable cross-section profiles are widely used in vehicles. In this study, the kinematic performances and weights of the variable cross-section torsion beam suspension systems are investigated inspired by the recently designed twist beam designs. By changing the height and width parameters of the twist beam, twist beams with variable cross-section are obtained, and the results are examined for the opposite wheel travel simulations to investigate the kinematic values of these designs.

A Convergence Study by Structural Analysis on Torsion Beam Suspension of Rear Wheel

A Convergence Study by Structural Analysis on Torsion Beam Suspension of Rear Wheel

Overall Strength Analysis of Trailing Arm Torsion Beam Suspension System

Previous studies focusing on analyzing components of automotive suspension system separately usually ignore the fact that each single component makes movement during operation resulting in simulation bias. This paper carries out a thorough analysis on the overall strength of a trailing arm torsion beam suspension system and compares the results with previous ones from analyzing single pieces. Consequently, significant improvements will be made in the design of suspension system.

Determination Analysis of the Torsion Beam Suspension FEA Model and Fatigue Strain Based on Road Test

Accurate FEA model of torsion beam suspension and its strain histories are keys to precisely predicting its fatigue life. A strain analysis method is presented, integrating FEA and neural network analysis. The displacement and force histories of the wheel center and strain histories of multiple measurement points on the suspension are measured from road durability test. Apply transient response analysis to determine the FEA model and obtain strain histories of the measurement points. Use a neural network method to obtain accurate additional load. By comparing analysis results and test data, the accurate strain response of torsion beam suspension can be gained

Simulation Study of Kinematic Characteristic for Torsion-Beam Rear Suspension of Automobile

The simulation model was established by ADAMS/CAR to study the torsion-beam rear suspension’s kinematical performance. The changes of automobile handling stability characteristic parameters were analyzed in driving condition. The simulation results show that the suspension kinematic analysis data can be applied to the relevant design and development work to provide a basis for study of automobile handling stability and ride performance.

An analytical approach for design and performance evaluation of torsion beam rear suspension

Torsion beam rear suspension systems have been widely used in small passenger cars owing to their compactness, light weight, and cost efficiency. To study the roll behavior of torsion beam suspension systems, analytical equations to obtain roll center height, roll steer, and roll camber have been developed in terms of geometry points through the kinematic consideration of the system on the assumption of rigid body motion. In most cases, commercial software for finite element methods or experimental equations for individual parts are utilized for the design and evaluation of the suspension systems. This paper, however, proposes an analytical method to calculate the torsional stiffness of a torsion beam for various loading conditions based on the assumption that a torsion beam is in the range of linear torsional angles with a constant cross section. The proposed method is useful for exploring suspension system design, especially in the early stage of vehicle system development in which detail design parameters such as layout, cross sections, and materials are not yet determined. It is shown that the torsional stiffness and roll stiffness predicted using the proposed method has sufficient precision with around four percent difference from the results of finite element analysis and bench tests.

Analysis of the roll properties of a tubular-type torsion beam suspension

Tubular-type torsion beam rear-suspension systems are widely used in small passenger cars owing to their compactness, light weight, and cost efficiency. It is already known that the roll behaviour of a torsion beam suspension system can be approximated to that of a semitrailing arm suspension system. By this kinematic assumption, analytical equations to obtain the roll centre height, roll steer, and roll camber have already been developed in terms of geometry points. Therefore, this paper proposes an analytical method to calculate the torsional stiffness of a tubular beam from its cross-section area based on the assumption that a tubular beam is a series connection of finite lengths with a constant cross-section. In addition, a potential energy method is proposed to calculate the roll stiffness of a tubular torsion beam suspension system based on considering the bushing stiffness and torsional stiffness of the tubular beam without the use of any commercial computer-aided engineering (CAE) software. The torsional stiffness and roll stiffness predicted using the proposed method showed errors of about 4 per cent and 3.3 per cent respectively, when compared with results from commercial CAE software.

2412 FOAによるビーム式サスペンション最適化の試行

The kinematic performance of a torsion beam suspension is determined by the elastic properties of the torsion beam. In the design phase, the numerical analysis such as Finite Element Analysis is usually utilized in order to estimate this performance. However, most suspension designers cannot directly perform this analysis because specific skills are required to achieve sophisticated operation. In order to overcome this problem, we developed a design program of the torsion beam suspension based on the concept of First Order Analysis. In this paper, we introduce an optimization method based on the Response Surface Methodology into this design program. Further, we apply this method to the optimization problem of the configuration of the torsion beam and confirm the usefulness of this program.