Top Universities Research Articles

Conceptual structure of balanced scorecard research: A co-word analysis

The present research aims to examine the conceptual structure of balanced scorecard (BSC) research from its inception (1992) to the end of 2020. After a review of the BSC literature, co-word analysis and social network analysis are used to analyze the data. The results show that 3742 documents have been published between 1992 and 2020 with 2638 distinctive keywords. The most frequently used keywords are “Balanced Scorecard”, “Management”, “Performance”, “Framework” and “Strategy”. Moreover, the article “The Balanced Scorecard: Measures That Drive Performance” with 4253 citations, was the most frequently cited article and “Robert Kaplan” with 16 documents and 8063 citations was the top author in terms of citation count and the number of documents. The United States is the top country with 486 documents and 18,805 citations. In addition, the journal “Total Quality Management and Business Excellence” is the most prolific journal with 50 articles, and the journal “Harvard Business Review” with 7778 citations, is the top journal in the number of citations. “Islamic Azad University of Iran” is the top university in the world with 57 documents. The most common keyword in Asia, Europe, North America, South America, and Oceania is “Balanced Scorecard”. The results of this study provide an overview of the state of BSC literature and can enable researchers to identify and develop ideas for future research.

Gender dynamics in high school policy debate: propagating gender hierarchies in advocating ‘better’ futures

ABSTRACT High school policy debate is an academically rigourous and highly competitive US activity—elite debaters often go on to top universities and pursue successful careers. Access to the skills that debate teaches is invaluable for high schoolers, but these benefits are not equally accessible to all. As a historically male-dominated activity, the number of male debaters remains disproportionately high and the activity continues to be highly influenced by gender hierarchies. Through semi-structured interviews, this paper addresses the question: what makes high school policy debate a unique educational space for producing gender dynamics, and what are the impacts of those dynamics on debaters that identify as women? Our findings show that debate is a complex and contradictory space. While women in debate are disadvantaged by gender imbalance, implicit activity norms, and instances of objectification and sexual violence, the activity also arms students with tools to disrupt these gender hierarchies.

Insights from Theory of Reason Action to Determine the Faculty Turn-Over Intentions in HEI’s of Southern Punjab: Mediating and Moderating Role of Perceived Organizational Justice and Organizational Climate

The act of bullying in Higher Education Institutes HEI,s is considered a neglected topic. The objective of this study was to analyze the impact of employee voice, innovate climate, workplace bullying on turnover intentions. Organizational justice was deemed to be a mediator while organizational climate a moderator. Data was collected from the employees of top universities of southern Punjab with a usable sample size of 289 respondents, both male and female. An online questionnaire by adopting simple random sampling was developed in consultation with experts to cover the objectives of the study. The collected data was analyzed through SPSS and Smart PLS. The results attained from the study revealed workplace bullying and innovative climate as major driving forces of turn-over intention. Moreover, perceived organizational justice does not mediate the relationship between workplace bullying, innovative climate, employee voice and turn-over Intention. While organizational climate significantly moderate between organizational justice and turn over intentions. Finally, the current study provides practical insights for practitioners, academic researchers as well as Higher Institutions to help reduce turnover due to bullying and increase a better diverse and effective environment in HEI’s of southern Punjab.

I have spina bifida and what this means to Malaysia

In December of 2002, the Malaysian government sent one very highly opinionated individual with spina bifida to do her PhD on her medical condition at University College London (UCL). Truth be told, in retrospect, during the phone interview with Professor Andrew J. Copp, this particular Malaysian student was not aware that her would-be PhD supervisor at that time most likely may not have considered the extent of the severity of her disability and the extent of having to deal with an individual with needs, different from other postgraduate students. UCL and England, being champions of equal opportunity, the focus during the London-Kuala Lumpur phone interview was entirely on her laboratory experience. The individual knew one thing and one thing alone, that she wanted to be regarded as capable purely on the basis of her academic abilities, and keenness on the topic and that she knew she had a huge plus on her side, that the Malaysian government would finance her studies (being of Bumiputera status by virtue of her mother's ethnicity) and having passed all the relevant exams and that all she needed to do was to make the case to procure a PhD studentship from a top global university.

Are Academic Leaders Less Aggressive? Evidence from Corporate Expansion

ABSTRACT Using a sample of 2406 Chinese listed firms among which 491 have scholar chairmen, we find that compared with the firms without scholar chairmen, those with scholar chairmen are less likely to overinvest, less acquisitive, and the firms tend to hold more cash and less leverage. These results suggest that corporate leaders with academic work experience are less aggressive. These results remain robust after we utilize alternative proxies to measure chairmen’s academic achievements, and we use the number of top universities (Project 985/211 University) in the firm’s head-quarter province as the instrument for identification. Overall, this paper helps us better understand the role of academic leadership in corporate governance.

Exploring 21st-Century Critical Skills Needed for Preparing New Students for Indonesian International Student Mobility Awards

The Merdeka Belajar-Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) [Independent Learning–Independent Campus] policy brings great challenges for university residents, especially new students. Several programs are offered under the policy. One such program is the Indonesian International Student Mobility Awards – a Government of Indonesia scholarship scheme to fund Indonesian students for a mobility program at top universities overseas. Students from all Indonesian universities are eligible to participate in it. However, to get selected for the program, students must meet certain criteria. In addition, they must have specific skills which should be developed and demonstrated from their first year at the university. The 21st-century skills are particularly essential for students as a provision to join the program. This article discusses the 21st-century critical skills that students must develop for being accepted to the Indonesian International Student Mobility Awards. The authors have analyzed relevant literature on 21st-century skills such as critical thinking, problem-solving, communication, literacy, leadership, and responsibility. Based on the results, the article concludes that all the aforementioned skills must be developed by new students from the beginning of their study at the university to successfully be included in the program and gain valuable benefits for future life and career.
 Keywords: 21st-century skills, Indonesian International Student Mobility Awards, new students

Online Social Networks And Their Influence

Individual identities can be shaped not only offline but also online, according to studies. However, students' online identities in higher education institutions are complicated. Academics are interested in using social media to improve their professional identity and reputation, according to empirical research. The current research looked at the impact of online social capital and social networking on graduate students' professional identity formation. The research hypotheses were tested using structural equation modelling. A total of 298 graduate students from one of Iran's top public universities and three private higher education institutions were included in the study. The findings revealed that using online social capital as a mediator, online social networks in higher education environments can influence the creation of students' professional identities. The purpose of this study is to see how social networking affects college students. The research incorporates a variety of approaches to reach this goal, including descriptive/interpretive literature reviews and earlier studies conducted by academics and industrial institutions. It also makes use of polls conducted among university students. In order to investigate the impact of social networking on college students, a questionnaire was issued to 179 students from various universities and higher education institutes around the Sultanate of Oman.

A study of leadership in today's youth environment

Subject. This article examines the internal processes in the organization and the leadership attributes. Objectives. The article aims to study the phenomenon of leadership based on the analysis of the opinions of students of top Russian universities about the factors that form leadership skills, and compare the results obtained with leadership theory. Methods. For the study, we used a comparative analysis and generalization. Results. The article presents the results of a sociological survey of students, highlighting the ideas of young people regarding the important skills and attributes of a modern leader. Conclusions. A democratic management style that contributes to the manifestation of the abilities of all team members is most acceptable for the younger generation.

The impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on physical fitness and academic performance of Chinese college students

Background Our study aimed to examine the effects of COVID-19 on the physical fitness and academic performance of Chinese college students. Participants The sample included physical fitness test data from 9,712 undergraduate students and academic performance data from 12,000 undergraduate students at a top university in China. Methods Physical fitness was measured and evaluated according to the Chinese National Student Physical Fitness Standard. Data were analyzed using two-sample t-tests and Pearson product-moment correlations. Results Total physical fitness test scores of college students decreased after the outbreak, but their mean body mass index (BMI) remained at normal levels. The mean academic performance of college students unexpectedly improved during the online learning period. The positive correlation between physical test scores and academic performance was significantly higher during COVID-19 than that before the outbreak. Conclusions Chinese college students with high physical fitness during COVID-19 were more likely to achieve good academic performance.

Navigating and negotiating global science: tensions in China’s national science system

ABSTRACT This study aimed to understand the tensions in China’s national science system as China is becoming a central player in global knowledge production. Publishing patterns and international co-authorship patterns of Chinese universities were utilized to analyse the dynamics and tensions in the national science system. Findings show that China’s scientific publishing and collaboration behaviours are embedded in the ‘centre-periphery’ framework of the global science system, which stimulates conflicts between the rapid growth of English publishing and the need of developing China’s local indigenous research. The Chinese national science system is increasingly stratified as it moves from the ‘periphery’ towards the ‘centre’ of the global science system. Its integration into the global science system is reliant upon a handful of top research universities and disciplines in the natural sciences and engineering. A tension lies between the universal and open nature of science and the hierarchical global science network.

GENDER DIFFERENCES IN INTELLIGENCE AMONG THE BACHELOR DEGREE OF DENTISTRY STUDENTS IN KABUL UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES BASED ON EXAM SCORE: A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

Education is one of the basic necessities of every person which is accepted by the United Nations as one of the basic rights of the individual male and female. Gender differences in educational achievementsиhave long been the focus of researches. Several studies have reported that female students outperform their male counterparts. The purpose of this study is to identify the percentage of intelligence level between male and female based on their exam score taking. The sample size estimation was created on the consecutive sampling where all cases are accessible in a given period of time. In a cross-sectional study out of a total of 610 students of the Dentistry Department of Kabul University of Medical Sciences which is one of the top public universities in Afghanistan, 278 were males and 332 females. The results of final exams of fall semester 2019 of Dentistry Department have been collected, then the percentage of each class have been calculated separately to find out which gender group is due to be among top ten students in each class. And in addition we have calculated how many students of both gender show above 80 percent. Two Sample T Test and Ms. excel were used for statistical analysis. This research showed that the numbers of Female students are more in top ten than male students in each class of Dentistry Department. We can accomplish that female students are more hardworking compared to male students.

General and Vocational Tracks and Equity of Higher Education Enrollment Opportunities among Classes: A Reconstruction of Indicator System for Social Class-based Differential Enrollment Opportunities and its Empirical Analysis

Based on the educational hierarchical reproduction theory and the MMI and EMI hypotheses, this paper discusses the impact of the tracking of general and vocational education at the secondary level on higher education opportunity equity among social classes. The study finds that increasing gross enrollment rates of both general high schools and secondary vocational schools can help improve the equity in admission opportunities of colleges and universities among social strata; expanding the share of general high school places by adjusting the structure of general and vocational tracks (that is, the general-vocational ratio) can effectively reduce the class disparities in college and university admission opportunities; neither the change in the scale nor in the structure of general and vocational tracks will contribute to alleviating class inequality in top university enrollment opportunities.

Influential factors contributing to the understanding of international students’ choice of Malaysian higher education institutions: Qualitative study with a focus on expected benefits

This research aimed to identify the influential factors contributing to the international students’ choice of Malaysian Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), focusing on the expected benefits. Additionally, the study contributes to the development of the higher education sector in Malaysia by providing recommendations to the HEIs based on the students’ perceptions. To achieve this purpose, the researchers utilized a qualitative approach through interviews where the study targeted the international students in Malaysia; 18 students were interviewed until saturation was reached. The thematic analysis was utilized to analyze the interviews where five major influential factors were highlighted and investigated: reliability, assurance, tangibility, empathy, and responsiveness. The results showed that the Malaysian universities provide higher than average services to international students, which met most of their expectations; this is clear through the international students’ answers to questions under different constructs such as reliability, assurance, tangibles, empathy, and responsibility. The international students believe that the brand image and reputation of HEIs have a positive impact on their choice and expectations, and they believe that Malaysian HEIs are among the world’s top universities. The study contributes to Malaysian HEIs in terms of the students’ feedback that could be an advantage for existing efforts to develop the academic services of the country.
 Received: 17 January 2021Accepted: 18 February 2022

MULTILINGUALISM AND CLIL METHODOLOGY WITHIN MULTIED ERASMUS+ PROJECT

The paper presents the results of a research into Ukrainian state and university language policies, and a Ukrainian university community’s potential to become multilingual in terms of its foreign language proficiency and attitudes toward multilingual educational approach. The article highlights the importance of multilingualism in modern society and the interdisciplinarity of its study as related to sociolinguistics, cognitive linguistics, and pedagogics. The results of the research prove that students understand the opportunities of foreign languages and ready to face new methods in teaching among them were relevantly presented storytelling as method of language teaching withing CLIL methodology. Ukrainian universities can develop their own multilingual models, as the case study of one top Ukrainian university (Poltava V.G. Korolenko National Pedagogical University) suggests.

Top management team heterogeneity and economic performance: a micro-foundations perspective of academic business venturing

PurposeThis research focuses on the relationship between Top Management Team heterogeneity (TMT) and University Spin-Offs (USOs) economic performance according to a micro-foundational perspective. The purpose consists in exploring whether a high academic representation in TMTs may improve USOs’ performance and how their competencies and backgrounds affect USOs’ economic success.Design/methodology/approachThe authors employed data from the Italian platform Netval to identify the entire population of USOs in southern Italy. They selected both pure and hybrid spin-offs that had at least one academic member on the TMT. Applying these conditions to our sample selection, the authors came to a population of 136 firms. They applied a hierarchical regression analysis to test the hypotheses.FindingsOur main findings reveal that the USOs’ economic performance improves with more academicians in the TMT and even in the same scientific field. Our data also shows that CEO duality has a negative impact on economic performance.Originality/valueThis work takes for the first time a micro-foundational perspective to analyze individual-level factors that affect USOs’ performance. The authors tried to bridge a research gap in the USO literature, shedding light on the relationship between TMT composition and new venture performance, considering some significant interactions between team members. Our expected findings also contribute to the general literature on entrepreneurial teams in new ventures and suggest a means to reconcile some inconsistent literature results on TMT heterogeneity and USO performance.

How does academic education background affect top researchers’ performance? Evidence from the field of artificial intelligence

• We have constructed the latest dataset that contains diverse data of the most influential AI scholars (as of 2020) by integrating a variety of web resources. • We provided an in-depth analysis of the overall educational characteristics of AI scholars. • We analyzed the differences in the effect of different educational factors on the research productivity of AI researchers in the industry and academia, gaining an extensive understanding of the factors that drive the success of AI talent. The early academic beginning is critical in the development of a researcher's academic career because it helps determine one's further success. We aim to shed light on the path that drives the success of talents in the field of artificial intelligence (AI) by investigating the academic education background of distinguished AI researchers and analyzing the contribution of different educational factors to their research performance. In this study, we collected and coded the curriculum vitae of 1832 AI researchers. Results show that most AI researchers were educated in the United States and obtained their highest degrees from top universities. As for their educational background, approximately 18.27% of AI researchers chose non-AI majors, such as mathematics, physics, and chemistry, instead of AI-related majors, such as computer science. Furthermore, negative binomial regression analysis demonstrates that individuals who publish more during study period will have better research output, whether they are currently in academia or industry. Researchers in academia with overseas degrees published more articles than those without overseas degrees. In terms of interdisciplinary education, a mathematics background leads to increased research visibility of AI researchers in the industry but depresses the scholarly productivity of AI researchers in academia. Academic qualification is the main factor determining the scientific performance of AI researchers in industry, which is not the case in academia. The analysis also showed that individuals who graduated from more prestigious universities tended to receive more citations than those graduating from less famous universities. Moreover, AI researchers in academia who have graduated from prestigious universities seem to pay more attention to the quality of the papers rather than the quantity.

Advancing the pursuit of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals: Initiatives of selected publicly listed companies in the Philippines

Advancing the pursuit of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals: Initiatives of selected publicly listed companies in the Philippines

Learning ability of top university students in China: Shanghai Jiao Tong University as a case study

Learning ability of top university students in China: Shanghai Jiao Tong University as a case study

Rethinking Varieties of Capitalism and growth theory in the ICT era*

Going beyond the Varieties of Capitalism comparative analysis, a theory of advanced capitalism is developed to explain what has been driving advanced capitalism through the massive creative destruction of the information and communication technologies (ICT) revolution of recent decades. Second, it is argued – reconfiguring Varieties of Capitalism – that the advanced capitalist economies should be seen not just in terms of comparative capitalisms, but as an advanced world innovation system of interacting advanced economies. Critically, the dominant position in that system is the (hegemonic but also fragile, problematic and handicapped) United States as the world driver of radical innovation: this reflects the key role of its top research universities, their diasporas and associated deregulated high-risk-taking venture capitalist and investment banking ecosystems; its decentralised and business-porous political and legal systems; and its dominance ab initio of digitalisation. Problematic has been the major reduction since the early 1990s in Federal R&D, itself a consequence of the anti-public-expenditure Republican gridlock in Congress, and in turn the result of the political, geographical and socioeconomic polarisation associated with technological creative destruction more dramatically in the US than elsewhere. Third, it addresses the paradox – in the contemporary technologically revolutionary age – of productivity growth falling below that of the Fordist era. It is argued that Schumpeterian growth expectations play a much larger role in R&D investment in the high-sunk-cost and high-risk US-centred ICT era than in the relative stability of Fordism and Chandlerian corporations; the author sets out a simple Keynesian–Kaldorian expectations-based multiple equilibrium productivity growth model, where major crashes shift economies down to lower growth equilibria. The conclusion raises six areas of future work which stem from the approaches outlined above.

Employee ecological behavior among academicians at the workplace

PurposeSuccessfully fostering employee ecological behaviors can reduce the environmental impacts of an organization while boosting performance. This paper aims to investigate the factors and organizational strategies for employees to engage in ecological behaviors.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses a qualitative method. Academicians from four top-ranked research universities from Malaysia participated in semi-structured interviews.FindingsThe in-depth analysis of the interviews identified several factors (environmental attitude, feedback, green self-efficacy, leadership role, organizational culture and employee empowerment) and strategies (incentives; top management support; creating environmental knowledge and awareness; rules and regulations; and sustainability advocates) for promoting ecological behavior in the workplace.Research limitations/implicationsThis study was limited to Malaysian public research universities. Future research could investigate additional variables that might influence employee ecological behavior. Implications include policymaking, which emphasizes boosting environmental factors among academicians.Originality/valueResearch studies on employee ecological behavior are minimal. This research contributes to the literature by discussing how different stimuli and strategies are used in the top four-ranked green universities of Malaysia for ecological behavior in the workplace.