Tooth Ring Research Articles

5498766 Treatment method for fibrous lignocellulosic biomass using fixed stator device having nozzle tool with opposing coaxial toothed rings to make the biomass more susceptible to hydrolysis : Stuart Earnest; Latimer Vivian Austin, TX, United States assigned to Colorado State University Research Foundation

5498766 Treatment method for fibrous lignocellulosic biomass using fixed stator device having nozzle tool with opposing coaxial toothed rings to make the biomass more susceptible to hydrolysis : Stuart Earnest; Latimer Vivian Austin, TX, United States assigned to Colorado State University Research Foundation

Magnetic differential torque sensor

A new torque sensor structure is presented. The basic idea is a simple torque sensor with a variable magnetic circuit excited by an axially magnetized permanent magnet ring. The circuit is constituted by iron toothed rings, whose teeth relative position changes whenever an applied torque twists the rotating shaft. A Hall probe measures the induction in an airgap where the induction is uniform. The new structure is an association of two previous ones, thus creating a differential system with the related advantages: diminution of thermal drifts, zero mean value for the signal. The new magnetic circuit is studied by calculating equivalent reluctances through energy calculations and by using electrical analogies.

Adaptive fiber optic shock wave sensor

A fiber optic-type shock wave sensor automatically adapts itself in response to vibration preventing false shock wave detection signals. The sensor includes a sensor element comprising a pair of mating toothed rings and a fiber optic coil disposed between the teeth of the rings. One of the toothed rings is moveable in response to shock waves to cause a bending of the fiber optic coil which detectably alters its light transmission characteristics. A rigid, dome shaped membrane is attached to the moveable ring and is flexibly attached to a body containing the sensor element. The membrane and body form an enclosure for the sensor element, and an aperture is disposed in the body which communicates with the enclosure. A normally closed spring biased check valve covers the aperture, and opens in response to a reduction in pressure in the enclosure to admit additional air or gas to the same. When the sensor is exposed to vibration, the membrane moves back and forth, thereby causing the check valve to cycle open and closed. This results in a pumping effect which draws additional air or gas into the sealed enclosure, and the membrane is caused to move outwardly away from the sensor body. This both causes the membrane to stiffen and its natural frequency to be shifted so that the membrane and moveable ring will be effectively insulated from the resonance effects of vibration, and the sensor will therefore not generate a false shock wave detection signal in response to vibration.

Cryo-marker for scleral marking of retinal holes (author's transl)

According to the Lincoff's procedure, a cryoprobe is used for the localization of retinal holes. A cryo-marker developed for Keeler-cryoprobes simplifies the marking of the scleral impression of the cryoprobe, which is often invisible after thawing. The cryo-marker is fixed on the cryoprobe before cryotherapy. During thawing the toothed ring of the cryo-marker is pushed downwards and placed on the sclera. The centre of the ring on the sclera can now be marked by cauterization after the removal of the cryoprobe.

Determination of the steady temperature field in a toothed ring

An examination is made of a method of calculating the temperature field in the region illustrated in Fig. 1. The temperature T0 of the shaded heat regions is found, under the assumption that the shaded regions possess high thermal conductivity, and that the temperature is the same at all points of these regions. The method is applied to calculation of the temperature field in a phase shifter rotor. The dependence of T0 on the thickness of thermal insulation of the rotor conductors is given.

TOOTH RING ANALYSIS.

TOOTH RING ANALYSIS.

Month in the Patent Office

Screw propellers arranged in tandem and oppositely rotated are adapted to be varied in pitch by a double sun and planet control of one propeller by an operating gear passing through the hollow propeller shaft whilst the first propeller through a second set of double sun and planet gears adjusts the second propeller. An electric motor 29, or a hydraulic motor, is employed to actuate the shaft 25 carrying at its lower end a bevel wheel 24 which meshes with a bevel wheel 23 on a tubular shaft 20 which passes through the hollow hub and at its forward end carries a spur‐wheel 30. Within this shaft 20 is a second shaft 19 which is fixed at its inner end to the engine casing 21, and at its other end carries a gear wheel 22. These wheels 22 and 30 constitute twin sun wheels and between them is a spider 31 carrying planet wheels 32, 33 of which the wheels 32 which mesh with the fixed sun wheel 22 also coact with an internally toothed ring 34 mounted to rotate as one with the front propeller 11, while the planet wheels 33 which mesh with the adjustable sun wheel 30 also coact with an internally toothed ring 35 which is freely mounted on the propeller and which by reason of the outer ring of teeth 36 and the pinions 37 provide for the actuation of the shaft 38 whereby the pitch of the blades is adjusted. The shaft 38 is continued to carry a pinion 41 which meshes with the second pinion 42 freely mounted on the hub and continued to drive a similar double sun and planet wheel layout which in turn actuates the adjusting shaft 52 of the second propeller 12. The arrangement for actuating the pitch adjusting gear is also utilized to actuate a pitch indicator and for this purpose the spindle 25 carries an extension which through suitable gearing is conveyed to the indicator. Specification 398,993 is referred to.

Month in the Patent Office

An aircraft or other propeller shaft driven from two or more motors has means for disconnecting and connecting any motor at will, a delay‐action device being incorporated whereby the change over is completed automatically when there is no load transmitted between the motor and the propeller shaft. Fig. 1 shows a propeller shaft S driven through bevel gear from two motor shafts M1, M2 through two dog‐clutches 4, 5. The ends of the teeth on the clutch members 4, 5 are bevelled in such a direction that engagement is prevented until the motor shaft speed has become equal to the speed of the member 5. Each member 4 is mounted on a shaft 41 capable of sliding through a member 9 driven from the motor shaft through clastic discs 11, teeth 10 preventing overload of the discs by limiting the amount of relative rotation. The shaft 41 is connected by a bearing 14 to a member 15 having a quick‐threaded screw 17 engaged by a nut 18 provided with an actuating lever 19. The upper end of this lever is engaged by a slotted member containing a spring which becomes compressed if the nut is unable to move the member 15. A toothed disc 12 on the other end of the shaft 41 occupies the position shown to the left of Fig. 1 when the clutch 4, 5 is engaged and owing to relative displacement of the motor shaft and part 9 under torque is unable to pass through a toothed ring 13 on the motor shaft. As soon as the torque becomes zero the member 12 can pass through the ring 13 and the clutch member 4, 5 can be disengaged.