Strategic Management Tool Research Articles

Формирование инструментария стратегического планирования для управления развитием российских агломераций

The development of the methodological apparatus of strategic planning of meso-economic systems has been a burning issue of the scientific community for the past two decades. However, currently, domestic practice pays insufficient attention to the regulation of agglomeration processes using strategic planning mechanisms. In particular, there is no unified methodological approach to the development of strategic plans for urban agglomerations at the federal, regional and municipal levels of public administration. It should be noted that some Russian regions are actively implementing the institution of strategic planning for urban agglomerations. However, these practices are adapted approaches from corporate management, which cannot be fully used due to the difference between the goals of corporate and public management. Strategic planning of agglomerations is a basic form of spatial planning, which aims to determine the purpose of territories based on a set of socio-economic, environmental, cultural-historical, political-management and other factors. The implementation of this process is aimed at sustainable development of territories, increasing the infrastructure provision of spatial development, ensuring that the interests of citizens and their associations are taken into account. The aim of the article is to work out the model of strategic planning for managing the development of urban agglomerations. The problems and prospects of strategic planning and management in Russian agglomerations are revealed, the regional practices of regulating agglomeration processes are considered. The analysis of existing strategic planning in Russian agglomerations has been carried out. Scientific novelty of the research lies in the definition of new approaches to the formation of strategic planning of urban agglomerations at the regional level. The use of strategic management tools at each stage of strategic planning of agglomeration processes has been substantiated. The author’s model of strategic planning of urban agglomerations is developed. The practical significance of the article lies in the possibility of using the developed model of strategic planning for the formation of development strategies and program-target documents of urban agglomerations. The following methods are used for the study: comparative analysis, content analysis, graphical method and system approach, methods of observation and modeling, etc.

КРАУДСОРСИНГ ЯК ТЕХНОЛОГІЯ СТРАТЕГІЧНОГО МЕНЕДЖМЕНТУ У СФЕРІ ПУБЛІЧНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ

The article proves that crowdsourcing is one of the technologies of strategic management in the field of public administration, since the principles of decentralization, polycentricity, mobility and innovation prevail in a democratic society, and public administration in particular turns into participatory administration, which involves experts and new technologies, being guided by management principles. It is noted that scientific concepts emphasize the tasks of modern public administration, which must respond to the demands of society, involve citizens in the management process, and form public policy as the basis of participatory democracy and a receptive state. At the same time, public administration involves ensuring a specific order, choosing a specific strategy that allows determining the main directions and ways of achieving society's goals. Public management can achieve its goal only if it reflects the values, needs and expectations, social demands of the population, and responds to them, which is possible with the help of strategic management tools. Increasing requirements for transparency (openness) and accountability of public administration will make it a more accessible object for intensive and permanent control by society, which will help prevent shortcomings in work and make balanced rational decisions. The tasks of public administration at the current stage of development are strengthening the relationship between the government and society, increasing the opportunity for citizens to participate in public affairs. Such a tool is crowdsourcing, the appearance of which became possible thanks to the development of information and communication technologies, social networks, various online dialogue sites, thematic online communities. The analysis of the literature allowed the author to update the features of crowdsourcing, to note its positive and negative aspects, to determine the spheres and directions of application in public policy. In addition, the article offers types of political crowdsourcing, namely: image, anti-crisis, social, legislative, socio-political, discursive, electoral. It is concluded that crowdsourcing is a technology that embodies the dialogic nature of public policy.

Анализ стратегических тенденций факторов, влияющих на рынок недвижимости Москвы

The paper provides a strategic analysis of trends in the real estate market development in Moscow, which, in the author’s opinion, may indicate a strategic threat of the formation of an emergency period in the housing market of the capital city. The emergency period in the study refers to a period of cyclical growth in market prices, characterized by excessive investment due to long-term speculative expectations of investors. The residential real estate market is one of the most important socioeconomic areas, reflecting the well-being of the population, as well as influencing many significant industries in Russia. Any disturbances and shocks regarding real estate prices can lead to social unrest among the population and, as a result, a deterioration in their quality of life. Apart from that, the real estate market is closely connected with the construction industry, which is one of the powerhouses of the Russian economy. To prevent instability in the housing market, national and regional strategies should consider its sustainable socio-economic advancement as a national (regional) strategic priority. The purpose of the study is to identify some strategic trends that are necessary for analysis at the forecasting stage at the beginning of the strategy formation process. The article shows that some emerging strategic trends point to the existing likelihood of an emergency period in the housing market in Moscow, however, the strategic management tools implemented by the government and the banking sector effectively resist its occurrence, as well as other external factors.

Strategic management in Polish startups: strategy vs business model approach – research results

Startups` inherent qualities, as well as their crucial role in development, implementation and diffusion of improved goods and services, which reduce the use of natural resources or increase societal inclusion, enabled to identify two main goals of the paper. The first one is to get more insight into the way strategy and business model are used in startups. Second goal is to take a closer look at the relationship between them to find out, which one – if any – dominates. The way startup uses these approaches is going to have a significant impact on: implementation of management methods and tools, process of strategy identification and implementation, as well as business model innovation (BMI) management. Since BMI provides mechanisms to assist the innovation process for embedding sustainability, it can be viewed at as an alternative to product or process innovation. Hence, the way BMI is implemented is critical not only for sustainable product and service innovation, but also startup`s sustainable growth. The five-step research procedure included both qualitative and quantitative research methods, main one being survey questionnaire. The sample comprised 152 Polish startups. Research results confirmed, that both strategy and business model approaches were used by the sample companies. It means that well-known and established strategic management tools do hold significance also in startups. In the context of relationship between these two approaches, two main conclusions can be drawn. Firstly, all three scenarios included in the research were used; secondly, the most popular one being business model adapted to strategy. Moreover, research results suggest, that there is a point in startup`s life cycle, at which it starts to focus on its strategy, bringing it closer to company model typical for strategic management mainstream.

Resource-based view and sustainable advantage: a framework for SMEs

ABSTRACT As firms struggle to regroup their business efforts after Covid-19, significant focus turns to strategically using their resources to competitively outmanoeuvre their rivals through utilizing their human capital, social capital, and brand reputations in their performance. This research scrutinizes the relationship between the intangible resources of human resources practices, brand reputation and sustainable competitive advantage of SMEs through the lens of the RBV as a tool for strategic marketing management – an underexplored area in marketing research – using SEM model. The analysis of primary data collected from 128 SMEs operating in Lebanon reveals the existence of a positive impact of social capital on competitive advantage and shows that competent human capital has a positive impact on both competitive advantage and reputation of Lebanese SMEs. In addition, findings indicate that reputation leads to enhancing both competitive advantage and performance. Finally, the results show that the competitive advantage has a positive impact on SMEs performance during uncertain periods. These findings provide valuable insights into RBV, supporting the belief that human and social capital resources are key success factors for SMEs during uncertain periods, which can be of great significance for strategic marketing managers to help them strengthen the position of their SMEs in emerging markets during difficult times.

STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT AS A TOOL FOR CREATING LONG-TERM BUSINESS VALUE

The essence, content and key features of strategic management are explored in the article. New factors influencing the company’s activities in a strategic perspective were also investigated here. The current system of factors was supplemented from the standpoint of modern business practices and the achievement of strategic competitive advantages. It is proposed to consider the strategy as a road map for achieving the company’s long-term goals and objectives. Two basic methodological approaches to strategic business management are analyzed: process and system. According to modern strategic priorities and goals, both approaches should focus on creating long-term sustainable business development goals. The main advantages formed by strategic management for the development of the company are outlined. It was determined that the composition of traditional strategic management tools (planning and forecasting methods, strategic analysis methods, modeling methods) should now be supplemented with the following: corporate organizational culture, strategic business communications, social responsibility of business. It has been proven that strategic values should be the priority of modern business development strategies. The key values for companies are: people, personnel, partnership relations with stakeholders, preservation of the environment, satisfaction of the interests of all participants in the business process. The modern practice of strategic management of companies should be based on the basic principles of the global concept of sustainable development. The practice of activities of well-known global companies has shown that taking into account the goals and objectives of sustainable development in strategic management contributes to the growth of long-term competitive potential and the realization of one’s own business goals. In the context of foreign experience, the main strategic models of the business behavior of companies on the market, which are oriented towards the creation of long-term values, were investigated. Among the factors of successful implementation of the company’s strategy, the human factor is identified as the main one. The system of principles of strategic leadership, necessary for the implementation of the process of strategic management of the company, is proposed here.

Теоретико-методологические аспекты и прикладные особенности стратегического планирования развития регионального туризма

The article presents some aspects of the implementation of regional policy in order to enhance the development of regions through the formation of strategies as tools for strategic management of the region. Special emphasis is placed on the specifics of strategic planning of tourism development in a regional context, which is based on a strategic analysis of the current socio-economic situation of the region using social and economic evaluation criteria. The groups are identified and the characteristics of the economic development indicators of the regions are given, the specific characteristics inherent in regional tourism in the context of its strategic planning process are determined. All of the above processes create a new configuration of the spatial development of the country, through the formation of zones of advanced economic growth, including using the sectoral specialization of the regions. At the same time, the competitive advantage of the regions of the South of Russia is determined by the tourist vector of their development as the most promising. The article describes the cycle of strategic planning of regional tourism development, which includes a number of stages: determining the goals of tourism development in the region; analysis of the external and internal environment of the development of the region; development of a concept and development strategy; development of an industry development plan; analysis of efficiency and effectiveness, adjustment of goals and methods to achieve them. The approaches to strategic planning of the development of socio-economic objects from foreign practice are presented, based on a system of indicators that allow an objective assessment of the development of its potential, which are understood as a set of characteristics formalizing the description of the main parameters that provide the choice of the optimal variant of the system functioning at different stages of the strategy implementation. In addition, the normative legal acts of various levels regulating modern socio-economic relations in the tourism sector of the regions are given; macro and micro tools for the development of regional tourism on the example of the Republic of Crimea are defined.

Problems and Challenges Involved in Using Integrated Urban Development Planning Tools. Example of a Development Strategy and Revitalisation Programmes

Polish cities are changing constantly and, in the age of intense socio-economic, environmental and political transformation, they have to cope with many problems and challenges. In order to successfully solve the problems and challenges facing cities, local government units should apply integrated strategic management tools. Development processes (including revitalisation) can be directed using a range of tools. Local authorities responsible for the monitoring of development in territorial self-government units, such as cities, have at their disposal a wide range of development policy instruments and can actively shape development processes. Urban development strategies and revitalisation programmes are among the key tools of integrated management and planning used in Polish cities. They are integrated development programmes covering all aspects of city operations (social, economic, spatial-environmental, and technical). However, putting them in place faces a number of problems and challenges when they are drafted and implemented. Problems and challenges can be divided into three key groups of barriers: systemic barriers, social capital barriers, and information and communication barriers. The purpose of this article is to identify and characterize two key instruments of integrated urban development planning and management (namely, the city development strategy and revitalization program). This paper also attempts to identify the key issues and challenges involved in using tools such as the integrated development strategy and revitalisation programme in urban development management by local authorities.

ECONOMIC INSTRUMENTS OF STRATEGIC HOUSEHOLD WASTE MANAGEMENT

Introduction. The need to pursue more active government policy for the stimulation of waste processing is causedby the necessity to prevent those threats that arise unless an environment friendly and efficient waste management system is in place.Problem Statement. Ukraine demonstrates a low level of household waste recycling, which poses a hazard to theenvironment, quality of life, and health of the population of Ukraine. The measures identified in the National WasteManagement Strategy until 2030 can be implemented by combining the organization of separate collection of household waste with the revision of the existing incentives aiming at increasing the demand for secondary resources.Purpose. The purpose of this research is to generalize the causes of low amount and rates of processing ofhousehold waste and to develop a system of economic tools for the formation of supply and demand for household waste as main factors of effective strategic waste management.Material and Methods. Qualitative analysis and generalization of theoretical material, systematization ofeconomic tools of household waste management, economic and statistical analysis, and regression analysis have been used in this research. Results. A set of tools for strategic household waste management and changes in approaches to their formation have been proposed. The formation of waste management tariff should be based on the length of the waste management chain, the structure of the collected waste, the potential for its recycling, the revised methods for forming the tariff, organizing waste sorting, andamending the list of tax payers of environmental tax.Conclusions. The household waste management in Ukraine demonstrates certain stability of the waste processing structure and the absence of dynamic transformations in response to changes in the modern economy. It needs support, in particular, the revision of the set of economic tools for stimulating waste processing and organizational approaches to their implementation.

The use of the Balanced Scorecard as a strategic management tool to mitigate cyberfraud in the South African banking industry

The main objective of this study is to employ the four perspectives of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) for the analysis of cyberfraud in the South African Banking industry. In addition, this study develops a BSC strategic management control framework for mitigating the effect of cyberfraud in the South African Banking industry. To achieve these objectives, a qualitative approach involving the use of a structured questionnaire for data collection was used. The structured questionnaire made available to the staff of 17 licensed banks in South Africa in charge of management, administration and operations sections. Then the four perspectives of BSC i.e., the financial, internal business processes, customer as well as learning and growth perspectives were captured. The analysis of the responses obtained from primary data was carried out using a bar chart, and this led to the development of a BSC strategic management control framework for mitigating the effects of cyberfraud. The findings from this study show that the customer perspective, has 90.47% percent response from the indicators followed by learning and growth which relates to the employees (85.71%). The internal business processes are ranked in the third position with 57.26% while the financial perspective has the least with a percent response of 39.97%. This implies that the South African banking sector pays more attention to the non-financial than the financial measures. The implementation of the proposed BSC framework may help to promote cyberfraud reduction, improve management control systems, performance measurements, as well as customers' and shareholders’ satisfaction.

Identification and Evaluation of Covid-19 Control Strategies in Kashan Schools Using SWOT and QSPM Matrix

Background: Since the end of 2019, the emergence and spread of the Covid-19 pandemic has been raised as one of the challenges and problems of humanity in various dimensions, especially in the health sector. Due to the disease's high infectivity, controlling and breaking the chain of infection is especially important for vulnerable groups. Therefore, the present study was conducted to identify and evaluate Covid-19 control strategies in schools in Kashan. Methods: The present study is descriptive-analytical, using strategic management tools called strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) and a quantitative strategic planning model (QSPM) of the situation of schools during the Covid-19 pandemic in 2021. Results: The findings from the SWOT matrix show the existence of 10 opportunities, 11 weaknesses, ten threats, and 14 strengths in the studied schools. The score of 2.45 obtained from the total scores of the internal factor analysis matrix indicates that existing weaknesses prevail over the schools' strengths in the disease control management field. Also, the score of 2.515 obtained from the analysis matrix of external factors shows that this institution has more favorable opportunities to reduce external threats and internal weaknesses. Conclusions: Based on these findings, the final solution for implementing the methods of controlling the disease of COVID-19 in Kashan schools is a conservative strategy. Therefore, the implementation of the presented strategies, especially the implementation of related educational guidelines, is necessary to control Covid-19.

THE ROLE AND RISKS OF ESG TRANSFORMATION OF COMPANIES IN THE FACE OF NEW CHALLENGES

The development of supranational and national legislation, standardization requirements and the expansion of producer responsibility have led to the formation of a new approach for the goal-setting of enterprises with a focus not only on purely commercial goals of the short-term period, but on long-term sustainability. This is how the concept of ESG principles of the enterprise was formed, which focuses the company on high efficiency of corporate governance along with the achievement of social and environmental goals of doing business. However, the institutional environment for the effective implementation of ESG practices is at the stage of formation, so there are opportunities for additional risks and threats, among which greenwashing and ESG rating errors stand out due to the lack of standardization and uniform criteria for evaluating companies, green financing errors and the emergence of a financial bubble and other risks.
 The goal is to systematize the benefits of ESG transformation of companies to ensure sustainability and economic efficiency, analyze the green finance market as a key link in the transformation of sustainable initiatives into real economic benefits, analyze the risks of non-acceptance and manipulation of ESG factors for the sustainable development of companies.
 Methods and tools of institutional, sectoral analysis and strategic management, theoretical approaches within the framework of the concept of sustainable development, circular and carbon neutral economy were used.
 Results and scope of their application. The results of this study can be used by enterprises in the implementation of ESG principles and non-financial reporting on environmental, social and managerial risk management, by public authorities in the development of long-term sustainable development strategies and the formation of an institutional environment to achieve climate neutrality, implement energy transition, and ensure the long-term competitiveness of Russian companies in conditions of increasing global threats and the tightening of national and supranational legislation.

Grandiose branding: World-class aim and its organizational consequences

Branding has become a strategic tool for university management in competition for students, faculty, and funding. In this study, we explore university branding in its extreme form of grandiose branding and ask How can grandiose branding initiate a process that prompts ethically and morally questionable practices in organizations? Grandiose branding is characterized by an excessive use of superlatives that frame higher education institutions as “world-class universities.” Through a self- and autoethnographic single-case study conducted in a business school, our study shows that branding efforts that do not align with an organization’s actual quality and performance can lead to a counterproductive cycle of camouflaging top management’s failures and justifying ethically and morally questionable actions directed towards the institution’s primary stakeholders. The study contributes to the earlier literature on grandiosity in the context of higher education by taking a process perspective and explores the implications of grandiose branding from rhetoric through implementation.

STRATEGIZING SOCIAL SECURITY IN THE LABOR MARKET IN THE CONTEXT OF TRANSFORMATION OF KEY THREATS

The aim of the article is to model strategies of social security in the labor market, which will provide an opportunity to conduct a scenario analysis of the effectiveness of current state policy measures, taking into account the impact of key threats to social security in the labor market and to strategize its priorities for the future in the context of the transformation of threats. The subject of the study is social security in the labor market and strategic priorities of its provision in the context of transformation of key threats. Methodology. To achieve the goal of the study, a set of general scientific and special methods was used, in particular abstract-logical (to determine methodological approaches to assessing the impact of key threats on the level of social security in the labor market), simulation modeling (to model strategies for ensuring social security in the labor market); system generalization (to substantiate strategic directions for ensuring social security in the labor market). Simulation modeling of strategies for ensuring social security in the labor market was carried out using economic indicators for 2006-2018, which makes it possible to specify the trends and factors of their change in the labor market in the conditions of its economic cyclicality (the period before and after the 2008 economic crisis, as well as the events of 2014 in Ukraine). Labor market indicators since 2019 were not taken into account in modeling strategies deliberately, since the study did not include an assessment of labor market parameters in the context of aggravation of social security risks that are pandemic (2020-2021) and military (2022) in nature due to their low controllability and spontaneity. The simulation model of the strategy for ensuring social security in the labor market was built using Powersim software. Results. The paper substantiates the expediency of using the method of simulation modeling as a tool for strategic management of complex socio-economic systems, in particular, relations in the labor market. The method of modeling social security strategies in the labor market, based on the method of simulation modeling, is proposed. The basis for the simulation experiment is to assess the dynamics of the main threats to social security in the labor market, expressed through seven economic indicators that characterize the security of employment and remuneration. Six variants of models of strategies for ensuring social security in the labor market have been generated, which illustrate certain types of state personnel and socio-economic policies that have been implemented (should be implemented) under the influence of certain transformation processes and environmental factors. Practical implications. The conclusions and methodological approaches to modeling strategies obtained as a result of the study can be implemented in the practice of state and regional management to reduce/neutralize the negative impact of certain types of threats on the labor market. Value/originality. The author's methodology of simulation modeling of strategies for ensuring social security in the labor market and a roadmap for strategizing social security in the labor market in the context of the transformation of key threats, which can be implemented at different levels of management.

ІНТЕГРОВАНА БІЗНЕС-СТРАТЕГІЯ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ З УПРАВЛІННЯ ТУРИСТИЧНИМИ ДЕСТИНАЦІЯМИ (ОМД)

Destination Management Organizations play a leading role in managing the network of destinations and establishing and maintaining cooperation between stakeholders. It has been proven that destination management organizations (DMOs) need to perform both managerial and marketing functions. The criteria of their productivity are organizational efficiency and effectiveness. The article solves the problem of measuring productivity (effective use of organizational resources by the management) of DMO and optimization of the main processes in order to ensure the creation of added value in the entire value chain in tourism. Strategic management tools were used in combination with Lean Six Sigma method tools. This made it possible to build a value-oriented model of DMO process optimization, which will provide support for decision-making regarding the structure of the tourism chain, coordinate the movement of goods and the provision of services, as well as the exchange of information between organization members and stakeholders. According to the authors, this can be achieved through the integration of activities: promotion and marketing, understanding consumer requirements, access to technology and the implementation of innovative practices, training and professional development, quality consulting for clients, and the implementation of a modern management concept – lean management in DMO will contribute to increasing the number tourists and growth of added value at all. The presented methodology for building the strategic boundaries of DMO development, using Lean Six Sigma methods, will contribute to the optimal development of tourist destinations, presenting a complete current picture of processes and interdependencies between them within the framework of one management organization. This can be the basis for the development of an interactive decision support structure that is used to optimize activities and operations in DMO.

Evaluating Strategic Planning as Intervention Tool for Improving Healthcare Delivery in Private Hospitals in Ojodu, Lagos

The Nigerian healthcare sector is currently faced with various incapacitating problems making universal health coverage difficult and the healthcare workforce being poorly managed. In a bid to manage these problems effectively, it has become pertinent, more than ever, for healthcare managers to resort to use of strategic management tools to improve the overall health status of the teeming population of Nigeria as these tools have been proven effective in other non-health industries. This study, therefore, examines the influence of different aspects of strategic planning like facility planning, professional improvement planning, manpower planning, health services planning, and customer service planning on different components of healthcare delivery like patient safety, waiting time, medical staff retention, the effectiveness of health services, people-centeredness, and equitable service delivery. Cross-sectional and random sampling techniques were adopted to administer 123 copies of the questionnaire to a population of 178 managers of private hospitals in Ojodu, out of which 111 copies were validly filled and returned by the respondents representing a 90.24% response rate. Simple regression analysis was adopted to analyze the six hypotheses of this study, and the results showed that they were all statistically significant at a 5% significance level. Based on the findings of this study, it is concluded that strategic planning is a valuable tool that can be used to improve healthcare delivery in private hospitals. The study, therefore, recommends that managers of private hospitals should be trained in the use of strategic planning tools in order to fully exploit the benefits inherent in the strategic planning processes. Keywords: Healthcare delivery, Hospitals, Intervention, Strategic planning.

Strategic decisions and their impact on public policy-making in Iraq after 2014 Exploratory research for a sample of specialists in strategy and public policies

The research aims to demonstrate the importance of (strategic decisions in making public policy) through an applied study of the opinions of a sample of specialists in strategy and public policy in Iraqi universities, as decision-makers must take advantage of strategic management tools in general and strategic decisions in particular, to help them reach Correct plans and good decisions in the field of public policy. The research is applied in (3) colleges of political science with a good reputation and superior science among Iraqi universities (College of Political Science / University of Baghdad - College of Political Science / Al-Mustansiriya University - College of Political Science / Al-Nahrain University) The sample consisted of (95) (professors), and the research found a significant effect of the characteristics of strategic decisions in making public policy, and on this basis, the research reached a number of recommendations, the most important of which is the interest of experts and specialists in the field of strategic decision-making.

İranlı ve Türk Araştırmacılar Nasıl İşbirliği Yapıyor? Bilimsel İşbirliklerinin İzlenmesi için İş Zekası Tabanlı Karar Destek Aracı

The advancement of information and communication technologies demands the employment of cutting-edge technological tools in many sectors, including higher education. These tools assist managers in performing their management tasks more effectively and in continuing their operations by enabling them to make informed judgments. Among these tools, business intelligence technology has risen to prominence in recent years as a critical strategic management tool. Feeding from many different systems, BI is a digital tool that can be used at different decision levels at the operational, tactical and strategic level. It may be used to organize and monitor scientific research, as well as to track its efficacy over time. Bibliometric data can be an important source for this important technology at this point. The study examines the province's, Iran's, and Turkey's scientific productivity between 2010 and 2020 using bibliometric data from Web of Science. A decision support system is modeled in order to make this query more effective and parametric for decision makers. The scientific productivity of the two countries is analyzed at the macro level through the relevant bibliometric data source, and at the micro level, the publications jointly produced by the researchers in the two countries are detailed in the research areas, researchers, institutions, works produced and citations received, journals published together, funds. Scientific production is measured in terms of institutions, regional location, and collaboration with other nations. The two nations collaborated on 6.723 publications over the relevant time (5.915 articles). Although both countries are neighbors to each other, they are in the eighth place in the list of collaborating countries in terms of research intensity. Among the countries with the most intense cooperation for both countries are the USA and England. The top three institutions working together most intensively in both countries are Islamic Azad University, Middle East Technical University, and Istanbul Technical University. Physics, engineering, chemistry, mathematics, and material science are the most intensely collaborative research areas. The developed model is seen as a valuable tool for university library services or scientific productivity monitoring, which is different from packaged software, provides the opportunity to go into details, for the evaluation of scientific productivity at the level of countries.

Akuntansi Sebagai Alat Perencanaan

This study aims to help stakeholders who use manual bookkeeping and introduce simple accounting as a planning concept in the future with Excel tools as program assistants. This study uses a research design. Analysis is used for system development in business processes, problem identification, and information needs analysis. The results achieved are the concept of recording purchases, receivables and cash disbursements to overcome the problems that exist in the company. The conclusion of the study is that the use of the Excel program can accelerate the financial process and minimize efficiency as well as the basis for further accounting programming as a planning tool in companies. Accounting is applied to basically all aspects of strategic management, so that accounting functions as a tool in strategic management.

The relationship between organizational politics, strategic political management, and competitive advantage

Abstract Purpose The article aims to analyze organizational politics (OP) as a construct with four dimensions: planning, improvisational, learning, and entrepreneurial. We also examine the relationship between strategic political management and OP and between OP and the organizational effectiveness of a company, which is understood to be a competitive advantage. Finally, we aim to verify whether there is a mediating role for OP in the association of strategic political management and organizational effectiveness of an enterprise, also understood to be a competitive advantage. Design/methodology/approach Quantitative research was conducted on a sample of 355 medium-sized and large enterprises operating in Poland. Findings OP is a construct with four dimensions: planning, improvisational, learning, and entrepreneurial. Also, the supposition OP is positively related to the organizational effectiveness of a company was confirmed. We did not, however, find enough evidence to support hypotheses about the relationship between strategic political management and OP and the mediating role of OP in the association of strategic political management and organizational effectiveness of an enterprise. Practical implications The article sheds light on the potential use of OP as a strategic management tool. Authors argue enterprises that can use the opportunities of functional politics become strategically stronger than those that do not have this ability. In particular, enterprise management instruments should include OP as an inalienable medium for enterprise growth. Originality/value This paper offers some theoretical considerations and empirical research on OP's meaning for a company operating in a dynamic and hostile environment and OP's influence on organizational effectiveness.