Tool Of Social Control Research Articles

Sane-heteroprofessionalism and knowledge production: queering and m/Maddening preservice professional programs

ABSTRACT This article theorises the concept of sane-heteroprofessionalism as a regulatory mechanism operating at the intersections of sanism, cis-heteronormativity, and other structural oppressions within pre-service post-secondary education programmes. Building upon existing discussions of heteroprofessionalism, we examine how sane-heteroprofessionalism functions to govern m/Mad, queer, and trans knowledge and subjectivities within these programmes, positioning professionalism as a tool of social control. We advocate for future critical analyses of sane-heteroprofessionalism to explore how notions of professional competency and regulation systematically marginalise queer, m/Mad, and trans perspectives among faculty, students, and instructors in higher education.

They Do Not Eat a Wife’s Beauty: The Ethnopragmatics of Bette Proverbial Personal Names

Names and naming practices convey various nuances of meaning in the Bette sociocultural setting. Against this significant backdrop, this study examines proverbial names as figurative and overt communicative strategies among the Bette people of northern Cross River State in south-eastern Nigeria. The qualitative data were elicited through semi-structured interviews and informal interactions from purposively selected twenty name-givers and ten name-bearers of Bette proverbial names. Data were analysed using the ethnopragmatic theory, an approach to language study that sees culture as playing a central explanatory role in meaning-making. Besides functioning as discursive strategies through which people’s worldview is embedded, proverbial names serve as sociocultural sites through which interpersonal relationships are performatively constructed and maintained. This study enriches our understanding of how the Bette people use proverbial names as tools of social control to perform gender, strengthen communal bonds, enhance peaceful coexistence, and enact Indigenous worldview among themselves.

Can Choir singing support migrant inclusion? An encouraging survey

During the Covid-19 pandemic, Italy imposed lockdown measures, which also affected places of worship that had to suspend group religious celebrations. This study focuses on the dematerialization of the sacred space, achieved through the creation of the "digital mosque." The author interviewed imams and participated in online worship during the lockdown. The analysis of the data explored various facets, including the reactions of Muslim communities to the impact of the lockdown and government directives guidelines. The study then delved into the transition of certain communities from offline Islam to online Islam, culminating in the establishment of the "digital mosque." The lat-ter serves as both a virtual gathering place for the faithful and a tool for social control and the definition of authority in the interpretation of the online inter-pretation of the sacred. However, it should be noted that different Muslim communities reacted in various ways to the use of the internet.

INTERPRETATION OF THE PHENOMENON OF SOCIAL CONTROL IN POSTMODERNISM AND METAMODERNISM

The paper presents a comparative analysis of the interpretation of the phenomenon of social control in postmodernism and metamodernism. The similarities and differences in the description of social control mechanisms are identified. The concepts of “society of the spectacle” (G.Debord), “society of surveillance” (M.Foucault) and “society of control” (J. Deleuze) are analyzed, which show the evolution of postmodernists’ views on social processes.. The concept of the “listening society” (G.Freinacht) as a metamodern alternative to the development of modern society is presented. Postmodernism focuses on criticizing society, drawing attention to its increasing fragmentation, the crisis of metanarratives, and the growing role of the media as a tool for social control. In contrast, metamodernism tries to balance modern and postmodern theories, recognizing the importance of centralized and decentralized forms of social control. This allows simultaneously taking into account the diversity of identities of a modern person and the possibility of his or her integration into society through the adoption of common norms and rules. Metamodernism seeks to reconstruct metanarratives that can contribute to new forms of social control based on cooperation and common interests. It emphasizes the importance of empathy in social control, whereas postmodernism rejects it as a false, simulated form of social relations. While postmodernism focuses more on critical analysis of existing structures, metamodernism aims to find hybrid and adaptive forms of control that combine traditional methods with the latest technologies. All these differences in the interpretation of the phenomenon of social control reflect the paradigm shift from postmodern deconstruction to synthesis and reconstruction within metamodernism.

Reasoning Ecological Fatwas: The Progressive Response of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) to the Phenomenon of Climate Change in Indonesia

This article aims to discuss the epistemological footing of MUI's ecological fatwa and its contribution in responding to the phenomenon of climate change. Today's environmental crisis is no longer a threat to the earth, but has become a reality. Climate change that occurs on a national and global scale leaves a negative impact on the lives of the earth's inhabitants. One of the causes of the environmental crisis is the attitude of humans who are not friendly to the environment. Humans as God's ambassadors on earth are arbitrary in utilizing the potential of natural resources destructively and exploitatively. Therefore, guidance is needed for Muslims in their interactions with the surrounding environment. MUI as a religious authority has contributed in overcoming the environmental crisis and climate change. The ecological fatwas issued by MUI are expected to be able to change the attitude and behavior of Muslims to become environmentally aware (eco-literacy). Epistemologically, MUI's environmentally friendly fatwas are based on maqāṣid sharī'ah reasoning through maslahat-mafsadat analysis. The approach used in finding the value of the spirit of environmental conservation is based on naṣ qaṭ'ī, qaulī and manhajī methods. These three sources of knowledge are formulated in an environmentally friendly fatwa product as a response to the environmental crisis that has become a global discourse today. Thus, MUI's fatwa can function as a tool of social control and a tool of social engineering at the same time.

Komodifikasi Konten Media Penyiaran: Relasi Politik pada Program Media MNCTV (Lintas iNews)

Media is a public means that functions to fulfill society's need for information and is a pillar of democracy. However, in the industrial structure, media is no longer seen based on its use value. but focuses on the exchange rate in obtaining economic benefits. The media and press, as the 4th pillar of democracy and a tool of social control, continue to have their independence stripped away by economic and political interests. The aim of this research is to determine the power relations and dynamics of media content in the study of the political economy of media on MNCTV in the cross i-news program. The research method uses a qualitative descriptive research type using an approach to political economy studies. Primary data collection techniques through literature study regarding MNCTV data on cross-i-News programs, and secondary data through observation and literature on MNCTV. The results of this research can be concluded that MNCTV as a media corporation cannot avoid intervention by the interests of capital and power owners. Political Economy and Power Relations are two things that a media corporation like MNCTV must continue to play correctly in order to continue to win the competition between media.

The Pictorial Saga of Social Control: An Analysis of Political and Social Symbolism in Dunhuang Murals

The objective of this study is to investigate the historical role of Dunhuang murals as a tool for political and social control. By conducting a thorough analysis of the themes, elements, and textual content of the murals, the study findings revealed how these artworks reflected the political ideologies, social norms, and moral values prevalent during their creation. This article aims to clarify this perspective from a multidisciplinary standpoint, drawing upon insights from art history, political science, and sociology to provide fresh interpretations grounded in both theoretical frameworks and empirical evidence. The research underscores that art serves as a reflection of political will, engages in a dynamic interplay with social control, and serves as an innovative platform for political propaganda, thereby demonstrating a profound interconnection and intricate relationship between art, power dynamics, and societal structures.

Analysis of Social Change in Legal Development in Indonesia

All aspects of community life, whether political, social, cultural, or economic, are regulated by law. Therefore, the existence of this law is universal. Development and reform give rise to social changes that give rise to social problems, which puts pressure on the law because the law must be able to overcome these problems. The aim of this research is to analyze social changes in the development of law in Indonesia. This research uses a statutory approach, also called a statutory approach. The results of this research show that law and social change have a close interaction in the context of social change. Both have an impact on each other. Changes in law are influenced by changes in society, and vice versa. Social transformation in society is influenced by legal changes as well. Based on the analysis that has been carried out, social changes in the development of law in Indonesia are: 1) Law Number 11 of 2008 was born, which regulates electronic information and transactions. Law plays two important roles in social change: law as a tool of social control and a technique of social engineering; 2) institutions have an important role in society; the existence of Rukun Warga (RW) and Rukun Tetangga (RT) officials as well as Village Government institutions is also crucial. The role of the village government and RT-RW can be utilized to empower the community effectively in carrying out prevention. 3) Providing legal understanding refers to awareness of the rules established by written law for behavior, namely what the community can and cannot do.

Decolonizing Global Health Through Promoting Traditional Knowledge

Decolonizing global health is a rising movement that seeks to eliminate power disparities and challenge traditional Western-centric approaches to global health. Colonial powers dominated global health throughout colonialism by building a medical system that served their interests, frequently using it as a tool for social control and cultural assimilation. Colonial regimes disrupted indigenous health practices and introduced Western pharmaceuticals, which usually ignored indigenous knowledge and customs. They had historically ignored local people’s traditional medical practices and, at times, persecuted indigenous health practitioners (Packard et al., 2003)[1]. However, there was the exception too. British doctors in colonized India used local expertise to detect local illnesses and manufactured medications using indigenous plants and herbs (Packard et al., 2003)[2]. Thus, on one hand, colonialism destroyed traditional healthcare practices in many regions and on the other hand they used indigenous knowledge and health practices in the development of health care.

In defence of the decriminalisation of drug possession in the UK

In this review article, we develop the case for the decriminalisation of drug possession in the UK by describing our ‘modest proposal’ to repeal the relevant sections of the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 and its advantages. We defend this proposal against possible critiques from both conservative and radical positions. On the conservative side, these criticisms include that it would increase drug use and harm and that it would be illegal under international law. From the more radical position, we anticipate the criticisms that decriminalisation of possession would leave the harm associated with illegal drug supply to continue, that it would leave in place restrictions on the rights to use drugs, that it would forego the possible tax income from a legally regulated market, and that the drug laws would continue to act as tools of social control. In response, we argue that decriminalisation offers a feasible first step towards reducing the harm of drug control which would not increase drug-related harm.

Islamic Philanthropy and Public Policy: A Study of Zakat Fatwas from the New Order Era to the Post-Reform Era

Islamic Philanthropy and Public Policy: A Study of Zakat Fatwas from the New Order Era to the Post-Reform Era

SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF ISLAMIC BANKING WITHIN THE LEGAL SYSTEM IN INDONESIA

The development of Islamic Financial Institutions (LKS), particularly Islamic banks, in Indonesia has seen significant growth, especially following the enactment of Law No. 21 of 2008 on Islamic Banking and Supreme Court Regulation (PERMA) No. 2 of 2008 on Shariah Economic Dispute Resolution. With the increasing number of institutions operating based on Shariah principles, various new issues related to Shariah compliance have arisen.Fatwas issued by the DSN-MUI hold legal authority in determining Shariah aspects in the economy, including banking. On the other hand, Shariah Economic Dispute Resolution (KHES) plays a role as a social control tool to manage practices not compliant with Islamic commercial law, especially in economics. This research, a descriptive qualitative study with a normative sociological approach, utilizes codified legal sources like KHES and DSN-MUI fatwas. The results suggest that, from a sociological perspective, KHES was developed as a response to the evolving landscape of Shariah economic practices requiring a legal framework. Stakeholders in Shariah economics and finance are expected to actively contribute to its improvement. DSN-MUI fatwas, in a social context, provide a solution for addressing non-compliant financial institutions, reconciling differences among scholars, and promoting Islamic principles in economics and finance.

Embroidered Hierarchies: French Civil Uniforms and the décret du 29 messidor in Napoleonic Paris and Milan

In the days following Napoleon Bonaparte's nomination as Emperor of the French in May 1804, two decrees were introduced to French society: the décret du 24 messidor an XII and the décret du 29 messidor an XII. The first organized the French court into a hierarchy of privilege, placing Napoleon and his closest friends and advisors at the top of a complex pyramid of social capital. The second decree reoriented the court away from the sartorial egalitarianism of the French Revolution by legislating court costumes of varying colours and embroidery designs to correspond with each newly created governmental and courtly rank. Many histories of this period connect Napoleon's court costumes to his desire to strengthen the French silk industry, but less is understood about how Napoleon used these court costumes at his courts outside of France as organizational and imperialistic tools of social control. This article will consider how the décret du 24 messidor and the décret du 29 messidor were implemented in Paris and in the Kingdom of Italy in Milan in 1805, revealing that even as Napoleon's government attempted to structure French courtly society through codes of sartorial display, personal expression for men was still possible, especially through embroidery.

The indigenous housekeeper: Colonies, sexuality and eugenics inBendsjé(1931),Le coup de chicotte(1930) andWie Grete aufhörte ein Kind zu sein(1913)

AbstractAs colonial regimes became more entrenched, the African indigenous ‘housekeeper’ became a popular and highly controversial topic in Belgian and German colonial literature. Indigenous women were euphemistically calledménagèresor ‘housekeepers’ to veil their sexual function at a colonial's residence. In a period of history where racial and eugenic anxieties ran rampant across Europe, the colonies seemingly eluded the increasingly frustrated European homeland's social and eugenic control. Given the ambiguous and controversial status of the indigenous housekeeper, this theme triggered a wide range of literary responses across different countries and in various languages, particularly by ex‐colonials. Ernest Tilemans'sBendsjé of de Liefde der N[*](1931), Mathelin de Papigny'sLe coup de chicotte(1930) and Hans Grimm'sWie Grete aufhörte ein Kind zu sein(1913) illustrate this variety by, respectively, attempting to absolve individual male colonials, presenting the phenomenon as proof of the colonies' ‘corrupting’ influence or to conduct fictional social and eugenic colonial experiments. Regardless of their approach, all three works instrumentalise eugenic vocabulary and imagery to draw an otherwise private male sexuality into the public sphere. Moreover, these works demonstrate colonial writing's function as a vital tool for social and eugenic observation and control.

From Side Street to Ghetto: Understanding the Rising Levels and Changing Spatial Pattern of Segregation, 1900–1940

A standard interpretation of the intensification of segregation in the early twentieth century is that residents of Northern cities reacted against a growing African American presence, using segregation as a tool of social control that was less needed in the South. Evidence from newly available data for 134 cities in 1900–1940 puts this interpretation in question in several ways. We find that segregation was already high in 1900 at the neighborhood scale. Not only was it rising, but it was changing its spatial scale as clusters of Black settlement in side streets and alleys disappeared from White districts while expanding into large Black zones. Finally, multivariate analyses show that trends were similar in the North and South, and in neither region was Black population size (i.e., “Black threat”) a significant predictor of increasing segregation. The general trends of rising segregation and increasing spatial scale became a nationwide pattern.

The Battle of the Airwaves: The Role of Radio in Mission and Colonialism/Apartheid

Defining technology according to Aristotle’s idea of “techne” refers to both a practical skill and the systematic knowledge or experience that underlies it. Technology can be described as a means to achieve specific objectives. This article will investigate the role of the radio during the missionary era and the accompanying colonial project. Firstly, the study will consider the genesis of radio broadcasting and its relation to the church and its mission. Furthermore, the study will focus on the ambiguous relationship between the radio during the colonial and apartheid periods in Southern Africa. The article presupposes that the World Council of Churches enabled the African National Congress to operate radio freedom through its Programme to Combat Racism and Special Fund. The article concludes with an overview of how radio served as a tool of social control during apartheid by briefly discussing the battle of the airwaves between Radio Republic South Africa and Radio Freedom.

Law as a Supreme System and Social Control Tool

The phenomenon of positivism-based and social structure-based legal thinking has influenced legal thinking in Indonesia. The daily reality that occurs in society where the law plays a very important role as social control of society. Because without a written or unwritten legal regulation such as customary law, for example, life in society will not run harmoniously. The main sociological objects are family, politics, religion, control (social control). Sociology also highlights the reciprocal relationships between elements of society, such as the norms of family life, the relationship between political institutions and religious institutions. The process of legal development actually does not stop there, but can take place further. Until societal norms not only to be institutionalized in society but internalized, meaning that the level of development of each member of society behaves in line with behavior that meets the needs of society. To meet the needs of the community, it is necessary to form law as social control of the community, interpreted as a supervisor by the community over the course of government. Thus social control aims to achieve harmony between stability and change in society.

A Multi- Pragmatic Study of Sarcasm in Political Texts

Sarcasm is one of the strategies that people use to attack the listener indirectly or in a way that seems to be kind on the surface. There is a shady relation between sarcasm and irony. Accordingly, this study sets the following aims which are identifying the most frequent type of speech acts that is used to convey the sarcastic meaning; knowing the conversational maxim that is breached by the sarcast to express sarcasm; shading light on the type of politeness maxim that is violated in the sarcastic messages; specifying the social functions of sarcasm in political texts; and revealing the linguistic mechanisms that are employed to reflect sarcasm. The researcher hypothesizes the following: expressives are the most frequent type of speech acts which are used to reflect sarcasm; sarcasm is the result of breaching quality maxim only; the most common violated politeness maxim in sarcasm is tact maxim; sarcasm mainly serves as a social control tool in the political contexts; and metaphor and explicitation are the most frequent mechanisms of sarcasm in political texts. The researcher adopts an eclectic model which consists of Speech Acts Theory of Searle and Vanderveken (1985), Grice's Conversational Implicature (1989), Leech's Politeness Principle (1983-2014), Ducharme's Functions of Sarcasm (1994), and Tabacaru's Linguistic Mechanisms of Sarcasm (2019). By using this model, the researcher finds that the most frequent type of speech acts is assertives, breaching quality maxim is a basic requirement to reflect sarcasm, the approbation maxim is the most violated maxim in the sarcastic texts, the dominant function of sarcasm in political texts is social control, and metaphor is used more frequent in the political context than other mechanisms.

Origins of Moral-Political Philosophy in Early China: Contestation of Humaneness, Justice, and Personal Freedom, by Tao Jiang

One important question to ask when either writing or reviewing is: what is the ideal audience for this book? I would not recommend Tao Jiang’s Origins of Moral-Political Philosophy in Early China as an introductory book for non-specialists. Some of the best parts of this book are the opening accounts of the methodological disputes between Sinologists and philosophers (pp. 1-26), the discussions of how Chinese philosophy ties into issues of identity politics and ‘Orientalism’ (pp. 26-34), and the summary of recent archaeological discoveries and how they might inform our understanding of the received canon (pp. 97-111, 185-90). However, these sections will, in my opinion, be most interesting to those already conversant with Chinese philosophy. This book is also pitched to cognoscenti in its presentation of Chinese philosophers. For example, early in the book, Jiang informs the reader, ‘For Confucius, the Zhou [dynasty] institution of ritual and music represented the most legitimate and effective way of organizing the sociopolitical world’ (p. 54). However, the reader is not given an account of what ‘ritual’ refers to until later in the chapter. After quoting at length another author who gives a very abstract description of ritual, Jiang adds, ‘Simply put, in the ancient Chinese context, ritual was the general structure through which human beings interacted with each other as well as with the natural and the supernatural worlds’ (p. 68). But there is no specific example of what a ritual is until even later in the chapter (p. 73). My sense is that most general readers (and most philosophers) will need more examples of rituals and a clear explanation of why one might take ritual seriously as a tool of social control.

HIGH-STAKES TESTING IN NEOLIBERALISM ERA

A high-stakes test has been indicated to be negatively linked to teachers and students in the classroom. However, little is known about the impact of such tests on the teachers and students or those who are involved indirectly in their lives. Using an individual interview with eight English teachers from eight junior secondary schools, this study examines the correlation between the high-stake test with performativity mechanism in the pincer of markets and neoliberalism. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the qualitative data taken from the interviews. The findings indicated how test results were used as a source of promotion by schools to give stakeholders the knowledge they needed to engage in the marketized educational system fully. For school administrators and policymakers, the conclusions of this article had significant ramifications. High-stakes assessments were logically sound and theoretically justifiable, but a reliance on them too much foreshadowed replacing traditional educational ideals with the market value of education. The study offered fundamental new insights into high stakes testing as a tool of social control and oppression for students, teachers, and schools for adopting a neoliberal paradigm in education. In addition to impeding learning and teaching, the employment of high-stakes tests as performativity mechanisms also altered the work of schools and teachers, who were the front liners of the educational system.