BACKGROUND: New algorithms creating 3D models from medical images allow rendering and building of specific body parts. These technologies were used to create 3D models of pediatric hearts and to determine utility as tools for surgical planning and medical device development. METHODS: Digital models were created using CT datasets of pediatric hearts and 3D image processing software (Mimics by Materialise, Leuven, Belgium). Using this software, stacked CT data were viewed and pixels representing myocardium, great vessels, sternum, and ribcage were highlighted and rendered as 3D models. Stereolithography and 3D printing generated rigid and flexible physical heart models from digital models. RESULTS: To date, 7 digital models of hearts with ribcages were created from pediatric patient data (Figure left). Digital models can be manipulated to allow visualization of anatomy and immediate understanding of complex geometries. Physical models generated from digital models provide both tactile and visual information useful for practice surgery (Figure right).FigureCONCLUSIONS: 3D pediatric heart models can enhance understanding of complex anatomy, improve surgical planning, decrease medical device development time, and allow customized medical device development.