A conceptual approach to the metrological support of the creation of composite structures for civil aircraft units has been developed and substantiated.It is shown that polymer composite materials currently occupy a significant place in the structures of civil aircraft and the volume of their effective use is constantly increasing, reaching in some cases 50% of the weight of the airframe, which indicates the relevance of the problem of metrological scientific support for creating structures of this class.The main goals of metrological assurance have been revealed, including the requirements for the uniformity and accuracy of measurements, the sufficiency and reliability of effective control, high quality measurements, as well as reducing the time and cost of research and experiments, metrological reliability, reducing the range of used measuring instruments, improving the safety of working conditions and environmental protection.At all stages (stages) of the existence of an aircraft, the effectiveness of structures made of PCM is ensured by various methods, methods and technical means of metrology. The main components of quality assurance are considered, which, being different in nature (process, property, form of conformity, set of devices, science), are integrated into a single system of concepts that form (ensure) the quality of an object.A block diagram of the main quality assurance tools is proposed, including certification, standardization, technical measurements, interchangeability and metro logic, as well as a block diagram of the general characteristics of the measurement quality. It is shown that these block diagrams together form the concept of scientific support for the creation of efficient structures of composite aircraft assemblies.It is proposed to form the development of this concept on the basis of the developed complex criterion for the effectiveness of the use of polymer composites in the environments of production, technological and scientific support.The structure of research is determined on the basis of the proposed conceptual approach to metrological support for the creation of composite structures of civil aircraft units at the main stages of their life cycle