Tool For Gathering Information Research Articles

Identification of abnormal DNS traffic with Hurst parameter

It is a necessity for effective network management to be aware of the activities taking place on computer networks. Network managers should always be alarmed about what is happening now, what might be, or what will be in the future for the sake of network. To gather information about a computer system or a network, attackers mostly exploit networking tools to gain some privileges and login systems. Penetration testers also use these tools to gather information about systems, but their main concern is to discover the vulnerabilities of the system, and to find out what kind of measures could be applied to make the system more resistant to these vulnerabilities. In this study, we propose an abnormal DNS traffic identification method via utilizing Hurst parameter estimation. To do so, we employ DNS information gathering tools in Kali Linux to generate abnormal DNS flows. Then, we estimate its self-similarity degree to compare the differences between normal DNS traffic flows and abnormal ones. Obtained results show that abnormal DNS traffic show higher self-similarity degrees. Another interesting finding is that abnormal DNS traffic shows different distribution characteristic.

Selection of Priority Natural Products for Evaluation as Potential Precipitants of Natural Product-Drug Interactions: A NaPDI Center Recommended Approach.

Pharmacokinetic interactions between natural products (NPs) and conventional medications (prescription and nonprescription) are a longstanding but understudied problem in contemporary pharmacotherapy. Consequently, there are no established methods for selecting and prioritizing commercially available NPs to evaluate as precipitants of NP-drug interactions (NPDIs). As such, NPDI discovery remains largely a retrospective, bedside-to-bench process. This Recommended Approach, developed by the Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research (NaPDI Center), describes a systematic method for selecting NPs to evaluate as precipitants of potential clinically significant pharmacokinetic NPDIs. Guided information-gathering tools were used to score, rank, and triage NPs from an initial list of 47 candidates. Triaging was based on the presence and/or absence of an NPDI identified in a clinical study (≥20% or <20% change in the object drug area under the concentration vs. time curve, respectively), as well as mechanistic and descriptive in vitro and clinical data. A qualitative decision-making tool, termed the fulcrum model, was developed and applied to 11 high-priority NPs for rigorous study of NPDI risk. Application of this approach produced a final list of five high-priority NPs, four of which are currently under investigation by the NaPDI Center.

Violence to staff in psychiatric hospitals

INTRODUCTION: Being exposed to violence at workplace is threatening to healthcare staff. Increasingly violence has been cited by nurses as the most important reason for leaving nursing profession. The current study aims to study the status of violence against medical staff of psychiatric hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. METHODOLOGY: This study is a descriptive-applied research which studied 151 nurses working in Farabi and Khorshid hospitals in 2015. The tool for information gathering which was a standardized questionnaire on “workplace violence against medical staff” was filled in by the respondents. The study's questionnaire includes demographic information and two types of violence and abuse: physical and emotional (verbal aggression, bullying, racial, and ethnic). Chi-square test, t-test, and analysis of variance and logistic regression tests were used for statistical data analysis of answers. RESULTS: The results indicate that 58.9% of nurses have experienced physical violence while 81.4%, 32.4%, and 7.3% have been exposed to verbal violence, workplace bullying, and racial and ethnic violence, respectively. The most cases of violence have been perpetrated by patients and their families or companions. There was not a significant relation between likelihood of being exposed to different types of workplace violence and the hospital, level of physical contact with patient, and patient gender. CONCLUSION: Given the rate of reported violence in medical centers, the health authorities should make every effort to reduce healthcare-related abuse and violence through using of proper preventive strategies, proper management, taking safety measures, and increasing public awareness about all aspects of the issue.

Application of a diaphanous animal model in a human osteogenesis lecture

Education in today's modern Anatomy environment is a permanent and ever evolving challenge. Even with current integrative curricula, students find it difficult to understand certain dynamic aspects of functional anatomy and three‐dimensionality (3DM). This is even more challenging in Embryology given the high‐speed three‐dimensional changes happening simultaneously.Multiple tools such as cadavers, simulations, plastic and animal models amongst others have been used in order to improve student's motivation and comprehension during Anatomy and Embryology courses. However human cadavers are increasingly unavailable, artificial models remain expensive and computer based simulation is not considered intuitive. Alternatively, non‐conventional preservation techniques have proven to be effective as educational tools, overcoming some of said problems. Our goal was to describe students' perceptions about their learning process when diaphanized animal specimens were used to explain the osteogenesis processes during an Embryology lesson.15 cleared Wistar rats (CWR) between 0 and 21 days of development were selected. Diaphanization was carried out following our laboratory's protocol and CWR were shown at a regular osteogenesis class. Specimens were used under our Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) endorsement 17‐021, ensuring adequate procedures according to current legislation. Likewise, all rats were received after euthanasia, following the 3Rs principle: replacement, reduction and refinement of the use of animals in research.Implementing new educational tools requires meticulous analysis to understand the learning process influencing factors, hence, qualitative research provides an ideal approach to evaluate students' perception in a natural scenario, understanding the dynamics of the context. Therefore, lecture observation and interviews were used as information gathering tools. 90 second year medical students of both sexes attended. Our classroom is equipped with 11 SmartTv's and a microphone. Observation and 7 Interviews were pursued by a last year medical student and an external party.Through observation it was notorious that students lose attention during the theoretical class. When CWR were shown there was a substantial increase in student's interest. Observers expressed that “some people looked confused but most of them seemed just starting to understand the topic”. The above is consistent with the interviews, in which students stated that “if the class had ended just before the specimens were shown, the topic would have been unclear and fuzzy”, they also expressed that these visual tools were extremely valuable in the 3DM of bone development comprehension.While the professor was using the CWR to explain, only students located far away from the professor declared that they were easily distracted. This can be explained by their feeling of lack of communication between them and the professor.CWR were considered an extremely helpful tool to understand the 3DM of bone growth, therefore the student's learning process perception was positively influenced. Specimens also provided information about the visual dominant learning style of medical students already described in the literature. External factors like classroom arrangement and the number of student can influence the outcome of the exercise.This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.

Social networking as a strategic tool in the management of school-based violence

School-based violence is serious, and on the rise in South African schools. The violence affects learners, teachers, communities and the management of schools. Towards finding possible ways to manage school violence, this article presents social networking as a strategic tool in the management of school-based violence in high schools, based on the results of a study carried out in the uMgungundlovu district of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The study adopted a qualitative approach as a result of the interpretative nature of the causes of school-based violence in high schools. The sample of the study was made up of 18 participants and in-depth interviews were the main data collection instruments in the study. Content analysis using NVivo was employed in analysing data collected in the study. The study revealed how school managers employ social networking as information gathering tool and as a support mechanism in the management of school-based violence in high schools. The information gathered by school managers through social networking enable them develop intervention strategies in high schools that reduce school-based violence and create school climates that promote teaching and learning. Keywords : education; managerial tool; networking; school-based violence; socialisation; South Africa

Herramientas de aprendizaje para favorecer la educación ambiental. Caso de estudio Fundación Niños de Los Andes sede Manizales, Colombia

This article is part of the results of a research project whose objective was to formulate a strategy for environmental awareness for children and adolescents of the Fundación Niños de Los Andes (Children of the Andes Foundation) in the city of Manizales, Colombia. The methodological process was a quantitative and descriptive approach, using the survey as a tool for information gathering and the SPSS tool for systematization. A later discussion of the results was performed, and it determined the best way to approach the environmental education in children. The main conclusion was that the best strategy for acceptance of environmental education in children is to develop practical workshops that enable them to know, through real cases, environmental issues and ways of approach to prevent these issues, mitigate them, and control them.

Interactive resources used in research interviewing

The semi-structured research interview is often criticized for not producing reliable and valid results due to 1) interviewer bias, and 2) non-commitment on the part of the informants, and 3) for being an expensive information gathering tool. By applying a CA perspective in the analysis of semi-structured interview data it is shown, however, that in the present case both interviewers and informants were very much concerned with producing true, accurate and valid responses. It is shown that among the interactive resources they have at their disposal, some of them are especially suited to ensure validity and are often recurred to by both parts. They concern e.g. question-response managment, the management of pauses, and repair organization. That the semi-struc tured research interview is an expensive information gathering tool cannot be denied. However, and all other things being equal, if validity is secured, it may turn out be a more safe research instrument than the structured interview.

The use of ultrasound to determine the most effective placement cues for /s/ during articulation therapy

Although two distinct normal tongue configurations for /s/ have been documented for many years (Borden &amp; Gay, 1978), estimates of the frequency of tongue tip up vs. tongue tip down /s/ articulation in the general population vary. Therapy procedures often focus exclusively on one or the other of the two tongue postures. Given that /s/ is one of the most frequently misarticulated sounds in English, clinicians may need guidance in determining which tongue placement is most natural for each client. In recent years, portable ultrasound devices have become more widely accessible for use in speech therapy. In such cases, ultrasound has generally been used as a visual feedback technique for clients (Bernhardt, Gick, Bacsfalvi &amp; Adler-Bock, 2005; Cleland, Scobbie &amp; Wrench, 2015). The current study investigates the use of ultrasound imaging as a preliminary information gathering tool for clinicians to guide decisions regarding /s/ therapy techniques and procedures. In this investigation, students utilized ultrasound to attempt to determine tongue tip configuration during /s/ production for various individuals. Results indicate that ultrasound can provide clinicians with enough initial information to determine the most natural tongue configuration for /s/ production for most clients, thus potentially reducing therapy time and increasing therapy effectiveness.

Effects of Marketing Theories and Customer Relationship Management on Small Colleges

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of marketing options on college selection, and of CRM tools on marketing efficiency. Five theories of marketing options and efficiency, including Customer Relationship Management, will undergird this study. The problem herein is that small colleges in particular must determine ways to market themselves, optimize use of technology, and increase enrollment in order to compete with other post-high school options. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of marketing options on college selection, and CRM tools on marketing efficiency, using selected theories of marketing options and efficiency as theoretical framework. This study will be conducted utilizing qualitative methodology; information-gathering tools used will be interviews and questionnaires. Data interpretation will be through thematic analysis influenced by elements of transcendental phenomenology. The participants will be approximately 20 currents and former administrators/faculty from small colleges (fewer than 1000 students) from schools in the Mid-Atlantic region, and approximately 400 students enrolled in those schools. The administrators will be interviewed; the students will answer questionnaires. All inquiries are drawn from research questions that reflect the problem, purpose and theoretical framework of this study.

The Scoop on Health: How Native American Newspapers Frame and Report Health News

ABSTRACTThe health status of Native Americans is known to be lower than that of other Americans. One way to get relevant health information to this population is through Native-produced media. Tribal newspapers are the most popular form of Native media, consumed more often than their mainstream counterparts. As such, these community-based newspapers are meaningful tools for relevant health information gathering. This study content analyzes a census of health-related newspaper articles (N = 644) over a 1-year period from 20 Tribal newspapers across 10 regions designated by the U.S. Bureau of Indian Affairs. Findings profile the nature of health topics reported in Native news publications. Health news stories were shown to use episodic frames significantly more than thematic frames. Inclusion of supplementary information (e.g., causes/symptoms, treatment, and prevention) and inclusion of mobilizing information (i.e., provides readers resources for further action) were both shown to significantly differ by health topic. Results provide an important baseline understanding of how health news is reported in Native news publications.

Gender Equity Deserves the Attention of Our Societies

Gender Equity Deserves the Attention of Our Societies

خدمات التدريب والتأهيل في المكتبة المركزية بجامعة صنعاء – دراسة حالة

This study aims to investigate the actual reality of the vocational training and rehabilitation services as being at least as important as the information provided by the Central Library at Sana'a University services, its staff and branches, and beneficiaries, as a typical government university in Yemen. The study also aims to identify a set of general factors for the case study such as rehabilitation, specialization and other variables, in addition to the formal and non–formal training and rehabilitation methods, and the means provided by the library to the staff and beneficiaries and their needs and types of training they prefer to obtain. The researcher used the case study method and the questionnaire was also adopted as one of information gathering tools, as well as the interview with the director of the library, and his vice and with two librarians of the sub Library and some heads of departments and staff of its branches. The researcher also adopted the direct observation and the questionnaire was distributed to the employees and beneficiaries of the post–graduate students, with a total sample (60) beneficiaries as a random sample which amounted at 66.7%. The researcher collected data information about staff and beneficiaries and analyzed them manually. After the analysis, the researcher reached to a number of conclusions. The main objective of training staff and beneficiaries is to develop their basic skills to be able to use the library. It is noted that the staff focus on their need for various types of training. The proportion of the beneficiaries who benefited from the training and rehabilitation was 75%.

Changes in U.S. Journalism

During the past decade, great changes have occurred in journalism, many of them due to the rapid rise of social media. What has happened to American journalists in the decade since the early 2000s, a time of tumultuous changes in society, economics, and technology? What impact have the many cutbacks and the dramatic growth of the internet had on US journalists’ attitudes, and behaviors—and even on the definition of who is a journalist? To answer the questions raised above, in late 2013 we conducted a national online survey of 1080 US journalists. The survey is part of the American Journalist project, which conducted similar surveys of US journalists in 1982, 1992, and 2002. We found that US journalists use social media mainly to check on what other news organizations are doing and to look for breaking news events. A majority also use social media to find ideas for stories, keep in touch with their readers and viewers, and find additional information. Thus, journalists use social media predominantly as information-gathering tools and much less to interview sources or to validate information. Our findings also indicate that most journalists consider social media to have a positive impact on their work. Of particular value, it seems, was the fact that social media make journalism more accountable to the public. However, only about a third of the journalists also think that social media have a positive influence on the journalistic profession overall. One of the most common negative perceptions was that online journalism has sacrificed accuracy for speed. Overall, then, it appears that most journalists do see the benefits of social media, but fewer are convinced that these new forms of digital communication will benefit journalistic professionalism.

The Effectiveness of Anger Management and Control Training on Mental Health Promotion of Male Students

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of anger management and control training on the mental health promotion of male high school students of Bandar Abbas. The statistical population of the study was all the male students in secondary high schools in Bandar Abbas. The research sample consisted of 50 subjects (25 subjects in the control group and 25 in the test group) who were selected by purposive sampling (non-random) method and through matching and random replacement. Information gathering tool was Mental Health questionnaire GHQ-28 of Goldenberg and Hiller (1979). In order to conduct the survey, a cognitive-behavioral approach with emphasis on child-adult relationship presents a multiple training model regarding anger management which has been compatible with Islamic-Iranian culture in the review level and is been designed in twelve 2-hour sessions. Results in this study showed that the approach of cognitive-behavioral approach (anger management and control training) has a significant effect on mental health (F value= 1811.60 at p <0.001). Therefore, the approach of cognitive-behavioral approach (anger management and control training) is proper in the improvement of students’ mental health.

Ketso: A New Tool for Extension Professionals

Extension professionals employ many techniques and tools to obtain feedback, input, information, and data from stakeholders, research participants, and program learners. An information-gathering tool called Ketso is described in this article. This tool and its associated techniques can be used in all phases of program development, implementation, evaluation, and analysis and can be particularly effective in engaging audiences. Examples of how Ketso has been used to conduct needs/interests assessments, brainstorm and generate ideas, and organize and plan are shared.

User perception and experience of the introduction of a novel critical care patient viewer in the ICU setting

ObjectiveFailure to rapidly identify high-value information due to inappropriate output may alter user acceptance and satisfaction. The information needs for different intensive care unit (ICU) providers are not the same. This can obstruct successful implementation of electronic medical record (EMR) systems. We evaluated the implementation experience and satisfaction of providers using a novel EMR interface—based on the information needs of ICU providers—in the context of an existing EMR system. MethodsThis before–after study was performed in the ICU setting at two tertiary care hospitals from October 2013 through November 2014. Surveys were delivered to ICU providers before and after implementation of the novel EMR interface. Overall satisfaction and acceptance was reported for both interfaces. ResultsA total of 246 before (existing EMR) and 115 after (existing EMR+novel EMR interface) surveys were analyzed. 14% of respondents were prescribers and 86% were non-prescribers. Non-prescribers were more satisfied with the existing EMR, whereas prescribers were more satisfied with the novel EMR interface. Both groups reported easier data gathering, routine tasks & rounding, and fostering of team work with the novel EMR interface. This interface was the primary tool for 18% of respondents after implementation and 73% of respondents intended to use it further. Non-prescribers reported an intention to use this novel interface as their primary tool for information gathering. ConclusionCompliance and acceptance of new system is not related to previous duration of work in ICU, but ameliorates with the length of EMR interface usage. Task-specific and role-specific considerations are necessary for design and successful implementation of a EMR interface. The difference in user workflows causes disparity of the way of EMR data usage.

Towards culturally appropriate assessment of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander social and emotional well-being.

Identification of need for specialist assessment and the use of relevant cultural information to inform mental health assessment and care are two key factors in improving Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander access to and experience of mental health care. This paper describes the Here and Now Aboriginal Assessment tool (HANAA) and the Cultural Information Gathering Tool (CIGT), two instruments developed to be used respectively by non-mental health clinicians and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander mental health workers. Following widespread consultations and feedback, two independent groups of mental health clinicians based in Western Australia and Queensland were involved in developing the HANAA and CIGT. Both the HANAA and CIGT fill unmet needs in terms of instruments that can be used by non-specialists working with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Preliminary use of the HANAA and CIGT suggests that they are well received, easy to deploy and effective instruments that promote cultural security and communication with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.

Answers at your fingertips: Access to the Internet influences willingness to answer questions.

Recent technological advances have given rise to an information-gathering tool unparalleled by any in human history-the Internet. Understanding how access to such a powerful informational tool influences how we think represents an important question for psychological science. In the present investigation we examined the impact of access to the Internet on the metacognitive processes that govern our decisions about what we "know" and "don't know." Results demonstrated that access to the Internet influenced individuals' willingness to volunteer answers, which led to fewer correct answers overall but greater accuracy when an answer was offered. Critically, access to the Internet also influenced feeling-of-knowing, and this accounted for some (but not all) of the effect on willingness to volunteer answers. These findings demonstrate that access to the Internet can influence metacognitive processes, and contribute novel insights into the operation of the transactive memory system formed by people and the Internet.

Need Assessment of Citizenship Education in the Culture Houses : Cultural Centers of City

The present study aims to investigate needs of of a culture of citizenship in Isfahan in Cultural centers. The statistical research society all citizens of a member of Culture Houses in city of Isfahan to number of persons were 14078 meanwhile, number of sample size formulas through 374 Cochrane and estimation through method of random sampling proportional to size was selected. Information gathering tool was a questionnaire made its formal validity and content approval and validity it was estimated by cronbach's alpha is equal to 0.95, p. For analysis of t-test was used to test Friedman. The results showed that religious in dimension-ranked highest beliefs related to average a learn to read Koran, education and practices of denies, eulogy, Requiem was reading French . On relationship between and interactions then highest average ratings corresponding to teach reverence for clientele, training, marital reverence has been clientele. Cultural heritage in dimension highest average ratings corresponding to cultural and artistic entrepreneurs, the of Aboriginal art and cultural products, social relations and Culture Houses schools was. The next in citizen engagement (cultural, social, political, highest average ratings corresponding to sport, training of individual security, family education, fighting drugs was training.

Interpreting the world across a boundary

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine the association between information and boundaries. Life depends on boundaries; but in order to survive an organism needs to make decisions based on an interpretation of the environment beyond its boundaries: it therefore needs information.Design/methodology/approach– The paper explores the evolution of physical, social and cultural boundaries and considers how they have shaped ways in which information is gathered and used.Findings– Several evolutionary developments are reviewed. The paper argues that each one has generated an additional boundary and that each new boundary has affected the information needs within it. The paper argues that all living things use information to help address three fundamental concerns: “Where can the energy needed to stay alive be found?”, “How can it be stored?”, and “How can use of energy be reduced?” Because these questions are fundamental at a biological level they are also fundamental at a societal level. One way to increase energy efficiency was for organisms to grow larger. This brought risks which were alleviated by the evolution of better information gathering and processing tools. Amongst these tools were the means to communicate, which afforded the evolution of social boundaries.Originality/value– This is a new perspective on a topic of growing interest in information science and demonstrates further the significance of information as a factor in the shaping of life.