Tonnes Ha-1 Research Articles

Effect of Different Organic Manures on Growth Performance, Yield and Economics of Kharif Maize (Zea mays L.) on Eastern Plain Zone of Uttar Pradesh of Prayagraj Region

The present field experiment has conducted during the autumn season of 2019-20 at the crop research farm of Department of Soil Science & Agriculture Chemistry, SHUATS, Prayagraj, (UP). The aim of study to evaluate the effect of different organic manures on growth parameters, yield, yield component and economics of autumn Maize (Zea mays L.). The experiment consisted of 9 treatments in randomized block design with three replications consisted of T1: FYM @ 5 t ha-1, T2: FYM @ 10 t ha-1, T3: FYM @ 15 t ha-1, T4: VC @ 5 t ha-1,T5: VC @ 10 t ha-1, T6: VC @ 15 t ha-1, T7: BK @ 5 t ha-1,T8: BK @ 10 t ha-1, T9: BK @ 15 t ha-1. On the basis of the results emanated from present investigation, it could be concluded that application of vermicompost @ 15 tonnes ha-1 shows higher values in terms of growth parameter i.e. plant height (261.63 cm at 90 DAS), dry matter accumulation (177.56 g), cob length (20.82 cm) and cob girth (17.39 cm) and yield component i.e. number of filled cob plant-1 (2.33), number of grains cob-1 (442.88), number of grain row cob-1 (36.99), average cob weight (261.55 g) and test weight (220.53 g). Results also showed that application of vermicompost @ 15 tonnes ha-1 significantly enhanced productivity parameter i.e. Grain yield (3544.33 kg ha-1), green fodder yield (9810.67 kg ha-1), biological yield (13355 kg ha-1) and harvest index (26.54 %) followed by Bokashi Manures @ 15 tonnes ha-1. Higher values of economics viz., gross return ( 167915.9 ha-1), net return ( 333875.9 ha-1) and B:C ratio in maize was observed with the application of vermicompost @15 tonnes ha-1 except cost of cultivation.

In Vitro Effect of Aqueous Extract of Fresh Cassava Leaves (Manihot Esculenta, Crantz) on The Larvae of Haemonchus Contortus as an Intestinal Parasite of Sheep

Cassava is frequently fed to animals. In the case of sheep, the producer relates consumption to a reduction in the parasite load. The literature has proven the effect of phenolic compounds as an anthelmintic in vivo, but no evidence for cyanogenic compounds, also present in all parts of the cassava plant, was found. A controlled in vitro bioassay was used to evaluate the aqueous extract of fresh cassava leaves. The efficiency parameter was the immobility of Haemonchus contortus larvae at the L3 stage, also used to evaluate commercial anthelmintics. Cell culture plates with 100 active L3-stage larvae per well were used, being each replicate constituted by three wells. Aqueous extract of fresh cassava leaves (FCL), Ivomec® 0.01% (PCI) as the positive control, and distilled water as negative control (NCW), were placed in the culture plate wells. Considering the immobility of the larvae as a positive anthelmintic effect, the results showed that in NCW treatments all larvae were mobile, while in PCI all 300 larvae were immobile. FCL produced a gradient of larval inactivation correlation (R2 0.996). The best-fit equation was y = -33.39ln(x) + 40.517, a logarithmic equation, which allowed the calculation of the Lethal Concentration (CL) of 3.44 µg CN- ml, or 80.0 mg of fresh cassava leaves per milliliter of water, with a performance equivalent to ivermectin. This concentration of free cyanide is compatible with the safe consumption of fresh leaves by live weight of sheep. The exact amount of cassava roots, leaves, or shoots, consumed to provide an effective dose for controlling H. contort should be established in vivo. Although phenolic compounds must also be present in the extract, the immobility was attributed to cyanogenic compounds since the correlation was proportional to the increase in the cyanide concentration. It can be concluded that the consumption of fresh cassava leaves has the potential as an anthelmintic agent to be evaluated in vivo by feeding sheep and goats. Local use could also add value to the production of fresh cassava leaves, with an average potential production of 2.5 tonnes ha-1, available throughout the year, with greater production at the beginning of cultivation and in the summer months. These leaves could be used after the roots harvesting or even after pruning for this purpose. Currently, this amount of good quality protein material remains without use in the field.

The Influence Of Environment Of Hydrilla verticilata (L.F.) Royle On The Growth And Yield Of Onion Crops (Allium ascalonicum L.)

This study aims to determinate the rigt length of immersion of Hydrilla verticilatta to produce high growth and yield of shallot plants. The research was conducted in the experimental field of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Merdeka PAsirian, Purutrejo Village, Purworejo District, Pasuruan city in October 2019 until February 2020. The study used a randomized block design (RAK) consisting of 4 treatments and 6 replications with the following treatments : C0 : without immersion (control), C1 :immersion for 8 weeks,C2:immersion for 4 weeks,C3 : immersion for 2 weeks. The data obtained from the study were analyzed using analysis of variance, if there is real effect, then it is followed by the 5% LSD test.The result showed that Hydrilla verticilatta immersion treatment for 8 weeks was able to provide better growth and yields in all parameters and all ages of observation. The yield of shallot plants in the Hydrilla verticilatta immersion gave 8.70 tonnes ha-1, 2 weeks of Hydrilla verticilatta immersion 7.03 tonnes ha-1, bu the treatment without immersion (control) gave a lower yield of 4.44 tonnes ha-1.

Response of yam varieties to soil moisture regime in Southwestern Nigeria

A field experiment was conducted on varietal response of white yam to moisture regime in Abeokuta. The experiment comprised three varieties of yam (Efuru, Ise-osi and Oniyere), three mulching options (grass, polythene and unmulched), and two planting dates (early and late). Treatments were replicated three times using RCBD lay-out. Model for selecting planting date involved relating potential evapotranspiration (PE) to precipitation (P) in the form of 0.1PE<P < 0.5PE, partitioned for attaining optimal planting date into early {T1= Σ(P-0.1PE) ≤ 0} and late {T2 = Σ(P-0.5PE) ≤ 0}, respectively. For humid period defined by P> PE, the physiological parameters and moisture agro-climatic indices measured during phenological stages of yam grown were analyzed with respect to treatments. Result showed that T1 defined as Σ(P-0.1PE) ≤ 10 mm appeared as the best model that significantly (P < 0.05) influenced emergence rate, phenological growth and tuber yield. All yam varieties evaluated were suitable for planting with respect to yield. Efuru and Ise-osi synchronized perfectly with Actual Water Availability and produced good vegetative growth with LAI of 1.08 and 0.91 leading to higher tuber yield of 12 and 11.64 tonnes ha-1, respectively. Grass mulch had tuber yield, 4-6 tonnes ha-1greater than the polythene and unmulched plots in all varieties. Mulching significantly (P< 0.05) increased tuber yield, 6-8 tonnes ha-1than the unmulched. Conclusively, early planting with grass mulch increased tuber yield.

Influence of different organic mulches on soil hydrothermal and plant growth parameters in potato crop (Solanum tuberosum L.)

Present study was conducted to investigate the effect of different mulching materials on soil hydrothermal environment and plant growth parameters for potato crop at field experimental station of National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur in the humid sub-tropical agro climate of Western Himalayas. The field experiments were conducted in a randomized complete block design with four mulching treatments; wheat straw mulch, pine needle mulch, rice straw mulch and no mulch in three replications. An increase in soil moisture retention ranging from 5.14% to 42% was observed depending upon the mulch material and depth of the soil layer in root zone. Mulching also reduced the daily maximum soil temperature up to 3.5ºC with an average temperature reduction of 1-2ºC during the period of tuber formation. Mulching produced beneficial effects on root depth, plant height, leaf area index and tuber yield. Mulching helped to bring about a yield surplus of 1.7-4.4 tonnes ha-1 over unmulched conditions and an increase in water use efficiency which varied from 13.5% in rice straw mulch to 34.9 % inwheat straw mulch.

Effect of Crop Geometry and Nutrient Management Approaches on Soil Properties and Availability of Nutrients under Transplanted Finger Millet

The present investigation was conducted for two consecutive years with the objective to know various crop geometries and nutrient management approaches on soil chemical properties at Agricultural college farm, Bapatla. The experimental design was split plot with three replications. The present study comprised of three crop geometries with different age of seedlings (30x10 cm with 30 days old seedlings, 30x30 cm with 15 days old seedlings and 45x45 cm with 15 days old seedlings) and seven nutrient management practices (S0: absolute control, S1: FYM @ 10 tonnes ha-1 + application of dravajeevamrutham, S2: FYM @ 10 tonnes ha-1 + application of dravajeevamrutham along with wooden log treatment, S3: FYM @ 10 tonnes ha-1 + 100% RDF, S4: FYM @ 10 tonnes ha-1 + 100% RDF along with wooden log treatment, S5: FYM @ 10 tonnes ha-1 + 125% RDF, S6: FYM @ 10 tonnes ha-1 + 125% RDF along with wooden log treatment in subplots were given to kharif finger millet. integrated application of FYM @ 10 tonnes ha-1 + 125% RDF along with wooden log treatment (S6) resulted in higher organic carbon and nutrient status of the soil and reduced C:N ratio of the soil significantly though other soil properties were non significant due to various crop geometries and nutrient management treatments.

Bioefficacy, residue dynamics and dietary risk assessment of gibberellic acid in improving the potential yield of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.).

The increasing use of gibberellic acid (GA3) to promote fruit growth and yield has necessitated research into its trace level determination and estimation in harvested product. The phytohormone has increased the tomato yield (tonne ha-1) up to 24.7% with uniform fruit shape, size colour and lustre. A fast, simple, high-throughput analytical method was standardised based on electrospray ionisation - liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The samples were extracted using acidified (1% formic acid) methanol. The method was validated as per the SANTE/12682/2019 guidelines. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were 0.01 and 0.05mgkg-1. The average recoveries at LOQ and higher levels were in the range of 86-108% with relative standard deviation (RSD) < 20%. The validated method was successfully applied under field condition by following first-order kinetics with half-lives (T1/2) 1.76days (recommended dose) and 1.99days (double dose). The estimated pre-harvest intervals (PHIs) were 6days (recommended dose) and 8days (double dose). Studies on dietary risk assessment concluded that even after spray of GA3 at recommended dose, the harvested produce (tomato) could be consumed safely.

The Effect of Various Doses of Rice Straw Mulch on the Growth and Production of Beans (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.)

The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of rice straw mulch and to determine the amount of rice straw mulch that had the best impact on the growth and production of green beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The research was conducted in Lamorende Village, Tongkuno District, Muna Regency, from February to April 2020. Compilation based on a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with one factor consisting of 4 (four) treatment levels, namely M0 = control (without rice straw mulch), M1 = the amount of rice straw mulch 5 tons ha-1 equivalent for 1.2 kg plots - 1, M2 = size of rice straw mulch 10 tons ha-1 is equivalent to 2.4 kg plot-1 and M3 = size of rice straw mulch 15 tons ha-1 is equivalent to 3.6 kg plot-1. From these treatments, they were divided into three groups to obtain 12 experimental units. Observation data from each parameter were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). As for the hypothesis using the F test at the 95% confidence level. The results showed that the treatment of straw mulch dose significantly affected the plants, the number of leaves, the number of pods per plant, pod weight per plant, and the productivity of green beans. Rice straw mulch treatment at a rate of 15 tonnes ha-1, gave the best growth and production.

Effect of Dose of Bokashi Kirinyuh (Chromolaena Odorata) on Growth and Production of Local Corn (Zea Mays L.)

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the dose of bokashi kirinyuh fertilizer on the growth and production of local maize plants and to determine the amount of bokashi kirinyuh fertilizer, which had the best effect on the development and production of local maize (Zea mays). L.). This research was conducted in Lapolea Village, Barangka District, West Muna Regency, from August to December 2018. This research was arranged based on a one-factor randomized block design (RBD), consisting of four levels of treatment, namely without bokashi kirinyuh fertilizer as a control (K0) fertilizer. bokashi kirinyuh at a dose of 50 g tanaaman-1 (K1), ikirinyuh bokash fertilizer at a dose of 100 g plant-1 (K2) and kirinyuh bokashi at a dose of 150 g plant-1 (K3). The variables observed were plant height (cm), number of leaves (strands), stem diameter (cm), ear length (cm), and production (ton ha-1). The results showed that the application of bokashi kirinyuh fertilizer significantly affected the growth and production of local maize (Zea mays L.). Bokashi fertilizer treatment with a dose of 150 g plant-1 (K3) gave the best effect on the growth and production of local maize plants with an average production of 6.17 tonnes ha-1.

To Assess the Impact of Insecticidal Spray on Leaf Curling Caused Due to Sucking Pest and Phytotoxic Effect of Higher Doses of Insecticides in Chilli

The investigation was carried out at Samajik Vigyan Kendra, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar University, Bordi, Sehore (M.P.)-INDIA during kharif 2018-19. To assess the impact of insecticidal spray on leaf curling caused due to sucking pest and phytotoxic effect of higher doses of insecticides in chilli.The bio-efficacy of three different insecticides, namely (i) Chlorfenapyr 240 SC - spray four time with different-different doses, (ii) Fipronil 5% SC and (iii) Imidacloprid 17.8 SL. One untreated plot was also used to investigate against leaf curl and phytotoxic effect on chilli. Among these insecticides, Chlorfenapyr 240SC doses 288 g.a.i/hac (gram active ingredient per hactare) has least leaf curl indications (9.68%). It’s most effective insecticides in chilli. The least impact of leaf curl recorded in treatment T4- (9.68%) followed by T3- chlorofenapyr (11.88%),T5- Fipronil 5% SC (14.46%), T6- Imidacloprid (16.68%), T2- chlorofenapyr (17.69%) and the most elevated twisting in T7- untreated control (56.29). Further, the phytotoxic effect of treatment T1 - chlorfenapyr and T2 - chlorfenapyr were connected contrasting and T3 - untreated control. In these tried portions no phytotoxic impact likes chlorosis, Epinasty, Necrosis, Scorching , wilting and hyponasty were seen at various interim of perceptions against Chilli crop. The chilli yield was also noted highest in highest dose of T4 (16.0 tonnes ha-1) followed by second highest dose of T3 (15.4 tonnes ha-1), however, it was recorded lowest in untreated control (8.0 tonnes ha-1). The C:B benefit ratio was noted higher in T5- fipronil 5% SC@ 10 g.a.i ha-1 (3.20) followed by T6- imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 50 g.a.i ha-1 (2.99).

Carbon budget in integrated aquaculture systems with Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) and Amazon river prawn ( Macrobrachium amazonicum )

This study was centred on the carbon budget of Integrated multitrophic aquaculture (IMTA) systems in earthen ponds stocked with the freshwater Amazon river prawn (Macrobrachium amazonicum) and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), with or without different added substrates. The experimental design was completely randomized, with three treatments and four replicates. Carbon entered the system mainly through the diet (~58–63%), inlet water (~29–34%) and absorbed gases (~5–7%). Most of it was accumulated in the sediments (~42–70%) or discharged in the outlet water (~12–13%). The tilapias converted ~12% of the carbon available into harvested biomass, and the prawns converted only ~1%. The retention of carbon inside the ponds from the inlet water was ~1 tonne ha−1, and the atmosphere ~0.1–0.3 tonnes ha−1. The carbon accumulated in the sediment was about 3.5 tonnes ha-1. Data suggest that the integrated aquaculture in stagnant earthen ponds sequesters high quantities of carbon from the nutrient-rich source water and atmosphere, and the addition of substrates at 50% of pond area do not improve the assimilation of carbon by the farmed species, having a low effect on the carbon budget.

The effect of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) and Rhizhobium sp bacteria on growth and yield of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L)

Peanut is one of the agribusiness commodities with high economic value, and is a source of protein for the population of Indonesia. National peanut production is still low, even from 2008 to 2012 it continued to decline. In 2008 peanut production. land was around 770 054 t, and in 2012 it was around 709 063 t. The average production capability is only about 1 t ha-1 dry beans. This decrease occurred by several factors, ranging from extreme climates, decreasing nutrient content, lower soil quality and pest attacks. Organic fertilizers can help improve soil quality and provide nutrients, while bacteria (Rhizobium sp) available nitrogen in the soil becomes available to plants. Purpose of the study to determine the interaction between fake water hyacinth fertilizer and rhizobium sp. Bacteria and its effect on the growth and yield of Kancil Peanut (Archis hypogea L) varieties. To determine the optimum dose of hyacinth organic fertilizer, rhizobium bacteria in each cultivar on growth and yield of peanut plants soil (Archis hypogea L) variety Kancil. The method used in this study was a randomized block design with 2 treatments and 3 replications. The first treatment is bohasi water hyacinth = dose 0 tonnes ha-1, 15 tonnes ha-1, 30 tonnes ha-1. The second treatment was rhizobium bacteria = dose 0 g 100 gr-1 seed, 5 g 100 gr-1 seed dose, 10 g 100 gr-1 seed dose, 15 g 100 gr-1 seed dose. The results showed that the independent treatment had a significant effect on bohasi water hyacinth treatment at plant height 42-49 days after planting, and rhizobium bacteria with a dose of 15 g 100 gr-1 seeds. Significantly affect plant height at 42-49 days after planting.

Morfologi Akar Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.), Serapan Hara N, P, dan K Akibat Pemberian Beberapa Jenis Biochar pada Tanah Bekas Galian Tambang

Bamboo chips, palm shells, and rice husks waste are environmental pollutants, but have the potential to be processed by pyrolysis to become biochar. Biochar is organic products rich in carbon, high in micro pores and very suitable for amending degraded (damaged) lands. Quality of biohar to be used as a soil amendment is highly dependent on is the raw material (feedstocks) to make biochar itself. The research objective was to find out the most suitable type of biochar to be used as a soil amendment for ex-mining land, so that the growth and production of plants can be optimum. The research has been carried out in the experimental station of the Syiah Kuala University Banda Aceh from August to December 2019 using soil from ex-excavated coal mines of PT. Mifa in West Aceh, Aceh Province. The plant parameters studied were morphological parameters of plant roots (length, weight, specific root length and ratio of roots to plant shoot), nutrient uptake of N, P, and K planted on ex-mine excavated soil. The study was designed using a non-factorial randomized block design consisting of two observation treatment factors, namely the type of biochar treatment (bamboo, palm shell, rice husk) and the dose of biochar (0, 10, 20 ton ha-1), and repeated 3 times. The observations that were observed included the components of root morphology and nutrient uptake of N, P and K plants. Biochar characteristics were analyzed using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Chemical-physical analyses of soil and plants were based on the procedure issued by the Soil Research Institute, Bogor. The effect among treatments was carried out by a variance analyses test (ANOVA) and if there was an effect, the honestly difference test (Tuckey-HSD) was continued at the level of 0.05. The results showed that the type of biochar had a significant effect on root morphology and nutrient uptake of N, P and K plants. Application biochar of rice husk with the amount of 20 tons ha-1 showed the best treatment for all the parameters studied, this is because nitrogen content in rice husk biochar contribute to growing corn crop. This study also found that bamboo biochar and palm shells gave a negative response when the amount of administration was increased to 20 tonnes ha-1 except for rice husk biochar.

Economic evaluation of finger millet under different crop geometries and nutrient management practices

Field experiment with finger millet was conducted at Agricultural college farm, Bapatla during the kharif seasons of 2018 and 2019. The experimental design was split plot with three replications. The trial comprised of three crop geometries with different age of seedlings (30x10 cm with 30 days old seedlings, 30x30 cm with 15 days old seedlings and 45x45 cm with 15 days old seedlings) in main plots and seven nutrient management practices (S0: absolute control, S1: FYM @ 10 tonnes ha-1 + application of dravajeevamrutham, S2: FYM @ 10 tonnes ha-1 + application of dravajeevamrutham along with wooden log treatment, S3: FYM @ 10 tonnes ha-1 + 100% RDF, S4: FYM @ 10 tonnes ha-1 + 100% RDF along with wooden log treatment, S5: FYM @ 10 tonnes ha-1 + 125% RDF, S6: FYM @ 10 tonnes ha-1 + 125% RDF along with wooden log treatment) in subplots. The highest grain and straw yields, gross and net returns and return per rupee investment were observed with closer spacing of 30x10 cm, transplanted with 30 days old seedlings. Among the nutrient management practices tried application of FYM @ 10 tonnes ha-1 + 125% RDF along with wooden log treatment had superiority in grain and straw yields, gross and net returns and return per rupee investment compared to other nutrient management practices.

The increasing fertility of sandy soil and chili production through the application of organic fertilizers, zeolite and cane blotong

The aim of the research was to determine the increase in soil fertility and chile production on sandy soils due to the effect of giving organic matter, zeolite sand and cane blotong. The research started in May-November. The research was conducted in a greenhouse using a completely randomized design. The treatments given were the dosage of organic fertilizer (20 and 40 tonnes ha-1); the zeolite doses (20 and 40 tonnes ha-1) and cane blotong (20 and 40 tonnes ha-1). The observation variables included the level of soil fertility before and after and the chili production variable. The results of this study were the application of organic fertilizers, zeolites and cane blotong increased physical and chemical properties of sandy soil occurred after treatment. The effect of various treatments was only able to increase chili/fruit weight and chili fruit diameter, whereas zeolite was only able to increase the weight / plant of chilies and the number of chilies.

Growth and Production of Long Bean (Vigna Sinensis L) Plants Against Various Doses of Chicken Cage Fertilizer

Growth and Production of Long Bean (Vigna Sinensis L.) Plants Against Providing Various Doses of Chicken Cage Fertilizer This study aims to: (a) determine the effect of chicken manure, and (b) determine the dose of chicken manure that gives the best effect on the growth and production of string beans (Vignasinensis L.). The research was conducted in January-March 2020, located in Lamorende Village, Tongkuno District, Muna Regency. The study was compiled based on a randomized block design (RBD) with one factor, which consisted of four (4) treatment levels, namely A0 = without chicken manure (control), A1 = chicken manure with a dose of 10 tons ha-1 or 2.4 kg plot-1, A2 = Chicken manure with a dose of 20 tons ha-1 or 4.8 kg plot-1 and A3 = chicken manure with a dose of 30 tons ha-1 or 7.2 kg plot-1. The four treatments were arranged into three groups with 12 experimental units. Observation data from each parameter were analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Furthermore, to test the hypothesis using the F test at the 95% confidence level. The results showed that the dose of chicken manure had a very significant effect on plant height, number of leaves, number of pods per plant, pod weight per plant, and long bean crop production. Treatment of chicken manure with a dose of 30 tonnes ha-1 gave the best growth and production in long bean plants with average productivity of 11.72 t ha-1.

Effect of surface soil removal and organic amendment on yield of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of surface soil removal and organic amendment on sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) during Kharif 2018 in the experimental field of Soil and Water Conservation department, School of Agricultural Sciences and Rural Development, Nagaland University, Medziphema campus. A split plot with three replications was designed. Surface soil removal of 0, 5 and 10 cm designated as D0, D1 and D2 were carried out, respectively. The addition of different organic amendments was adopted viz., O0- control, O1- vermicompost @ 3 tonnes ha-1, O2- poultry litter @ 3 tonnes ha-1 and O3- pig manure @ 3 tonnes ha-1. Seed yield was found to be significantly higher under D0 (0.414 t ha-1) whereas, D2 recorded the lowest yield (0.380t ha-1). Application of poultry manure as amendment gave significantly high seed yield (0.431 t ha-1) and lowest yield was reported in O0 (0.356 t ha-1). The interaction between surface soil removal and organic amendment showed the highest yield with D0O2 (0.44 t ha-1) and lowest with D2O0 (0.34 t ha-1). Hence, application of organic amendments in areas where surface soil removal was done helped to improve the growth and yield of sesame.

Effect of cow dung manure and SP-36 fertilizer on the quality of patchouli oil (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) planted on Ultisol

The medical function of patchouli oil as an anti-virus allows it to be developed into a drug for COVID-19. The management of marginal soil namely Ultisol for patchouli development is very important because of its vast potential in Aceh. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to find out the effect of cow dung manure and SP-36 fertilizer on the quality of patchouli oil (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) on Ultisol. This study used factorial randomized block design with 3 replications. The first treatment factor was the dose of cow dung manure (control, 10 tonnes ha-1, 20 tonnes ha-1, 30 tonnes ha-1). The second treatment factor was the dose of SP-36 fertilizer (control, 100 kg ha-1, 200 kg ha-1, 300 kg ha-1). The results showed that the treatment had no significant effect on patchouli oil yield. The highest Patchouli Alcohol obtained was 27.74% on the combination of 30 tonnes ha-1 cow dung manure and 300 kg ha-1 SP-36 fertilizer.

Assessment of water management technology on rice productivity on iron poisoning rice fields in Jambi

The study of “Water Management Technology Against Rice Productivity in New wetland Openings of Iron Poisoning Rice” was carried out in Betara District, West Tanjung Jabung Regency from April to October 2018. The research used a randomized block design (RBD) with four replications. The treatment consisted of four intervals of providing irrigation water, namely; (CI) Continuous irrigation, (DWI1) Dry wet irrigation (DWI) 5 day intervals from 1 week to 7 weeks after planting (WAP), (DWI2) DWI with 7 days interval from 1 week to 7 WAP, and (DWI3) DWI 7 days interval from 1 WAP to 65 days after planting (DAP) and inundation 15 days before harvest (DBH). Fertilizer recommendations based on soil nutrient status as a result of analysis with the Swamp Soil Test Kit (SSTK), namely 1.0 tonnes / ha lime, 75 kg ha-1 Urea (basic fertilizer) then based on LCC, 150 kg ha-1 SP 36 (given entirely at planting time) and 125 kg ha-1 KCl (1/3 part at planting, 1/3 part at 3-4 WAP and 1/3 part at plant age 6-7 WAP. Result showed the water supply interval significantly affects the growth and production of rice, the highest yield is obtained with a 7 day water supply interval from 1 to 7 WAP, with rice production 4,29 tonnes ha-1, whereas with the provision of water from 1 WAP until just before harvest, the rice production was 2.06 tonnes ha-1.

PENGARUH SISTEM OLAH TANAH DAN WAKTU PENYIANGAN PADA HASIL TANAMAN JAGUNG (Zea mays L.)

The presence of disturbing plants in the cultivation process of corn plants will respond to the corn crop yields. The presence of disturbing plants can cause competition in the photosynthesis process. In essence, weed control is to suppress the population. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of tillage patterns and time of weeding on maize crop products and to obtain a combination of tillage patterns with appropriate weeding times for corn planting. The experiment was conducted from February to June 2020 at the Buton UMU Research Experimental Garden. Laboratory analysis was carried out in the integrated laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry of UMU Buton. The experiment was arranged in a split-plot design (RPT) with three replication. main plots were tillage system consists of three levels., (1) T1 = zero tillage; (2) T2 = minimal tillage; and (3) T3 = maximum tillage. Subplots were a time of weeding consists of four levels., (1) P1 = no weeding; (2) P2 = weeding 21 days after planting; (3) P3 = weeding 21 and 42 days after planting; and (4) P4 = weeding 21, 42 and 63 day after planting. The results showed that the appropriate combination of T1 and T4 treatment would produce better maize/plant weight and corn seed yields of 6.27 tonnes ha-1, whereas for T2 and T3 it did not require weeding time with yields respectively maize harvest was 5.84 tonnes ha-1 and 5.83 tonnes ha-1&#x0D; &#x0D; Keywords: konservasi, gulma, jagung