Tomato Extract Research Articles

Saponins of Tomato Extract Improve Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Regulating Oxidative Stress and Lipid Homeostasis.

The present study investigated the impact of saponins of tomato extract (STE) on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The findings demonstrated that introducing STE in NAFLD mice revealed promising results in ameliorating symptoms of oxidative stress, lipid metabolism disorders, visceral fat deposition and fatty liver disease. Moreover, the mechanistic studies have demonstrated that STE delivers its effects by activating adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK), thereby suppressing downstream protein expression associated with fatty acid synthesis. In such conditions, lipid metabolism can be improved. Simultaneously, STE enhanced nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and entry into the nucleus and initiated the transcription of downstream antioxidant factors, thereby relieving oxidative stress induced by a high-fat diet and lowering oxidative damage to the liver. Such results imply that the administration of STE can be regarded as a viable treatment option for NAFLD, providing a mechanism that can regulate the AMPK and Nrf2 signaling pathways.

Selenium in combination with a tomato lipid extract as a therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia and its alterations in rats with induced BPH.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common adenoma in old men. Tomatoes are a rich source of bioactive compounds that, as well as selenium (Se), possess antioxidant and antiproliferative activity. The aim was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of Se in combination with a tomato extract in aged rats with BPH. Aged male Wistar rats were divided in the following groups (n = 10 rats/group): Control (C), BPH, BPH + Finasteride (BPH + F), BPH + Tomato Lipidic Extract (BPH + E), BPH + Selenium (BPH + S) and BPH plus E plus S (BPH + E + S). After 4 weeks of treatment, prostate weight, diuresis, antioxidants enzymes, prooxidants and inflammatory markers, growth factors and androgens were determined. BPH + E + S reduced prostate weight by 59.29% and inhibited growth by 99.35% compared to BPH + F which only decreased weight and inhibited growth by 15.31% and 57.54%, respectively. Prooxidant markers were higher with BPH + F (49.4% higher vs. BPH), but BPH + E + S decreased these markers (94.27% vs. BPH) and increased antioxidant activity. Finally, diuresis was higher with the BPH + E + S combination and markers of inflammation and growth factors were significantly lower with respect to BPH + F. Our findings provide a beneficial and protective therapeutic option of E + S directed against androgens, oxidative stress and inflammation that regulates cell proliferation in the prostate gland.

Studies on the Fungi and Phytochemical Potential of Tomatoes (Solunium Lycopersicum L.) in Port Harcourt

Tomato contains large amount of water which makes it more susceptible to spoilage by fungi. The fungi responsible for the tomatoes spoilage, produce mycotoxins that are detrimental to human health. The sample from Mile 1 market had highest colony count of Mucur spp. The phytochemical study of the tomato extracts both revealed that phenol had the highest occurrence 30.25±1.35 & 22.2±1.60 and tannin lowest 2.83±0.73& 0.24±0.12. Bioactive compounds stored in plant possess biological and antibacterial activities that can be used as an alternative medicine for the treatment of bacterial infections in man. These compounds have been reported to bestow resistance in opposition to microbial pathogens and this could be accountable for the exhibition of antibacterial activity by both extracts in this present study.

Formulasi dan Evaluasi Lip cream Halal Menggunakan Ekstrak Tomat (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) Sebagai Pewarna Alami

Abstract— Lip cream is a semi-solid to liquid textured preparation that functions as a lip dye. Tomato plants can be used as natural dyes because they contain lycopene compounds which can give a yellow to red color. This study aims to determine whether tomato fruit extract can be formulated as a dye, determine the effect of adding tomato extract concentration and determine the halal critical point in the preparation of tomato fruit extract lip cream as a natural dye. The tomato fruit extraction method was carried out using UAE with methanol solvent. The resulting extract was then added to each formula with concentrations of F0 (0%), F1 (5%), F2 (10%) and F3 (15%). The organoleptic test results showed that all formulas had a semi-solid texture, smelled of roses and F0 was white, F1 was light orange, F2 was orange and F3 was brick red. All formulas comply with the homogeneity and pH test standards as indicated by the pH value range of 6.47 - 5.17. All formulas had good smearing power, adhesion of ?60 seconds and spreadability test values ??ranging from 5.90 to 5.63. The results of the ANOVA analysis on the pH and spreadability tests showed that the preparations had significant differences between the formulas. Evaluation of halal critical points on preparations does not have halal critical points in terms of materials and processing.

Mollification of Lead Induced Liver Injury by Lycopersicon esculentum (Tomato) Extract

Objective: Lead is a highly toxic, non-biodegradable heavy metal usually found in the environment largely as a pollutant of water, soil or air. Chronic lead exposure has adverse effects on human health. Lycopersicon esculentum has many phytochemicals that may ameliorate organ injury due to lead toxicity in humans. This study answered the question “Is aqueous extract of Lycopersicon esculentum (tomato) beneficent to lead toxicity induced liver injury?”
 Methodology: The study had five groups with fifteen animals each. The control was group CN. The lead toxicity group (PbT) had 30 mg/kg/day of lead acetate crystals, the concomitant extract group (CE) had concurrent administration of lead acetate and aqueous extract of L. esculentum (at 400 mg/kg). The post lead toxicity low dose extract. (PLE) had sequential administration of lead acetate and aq. extract L. esculentum (at 400 mg/kg). The post lead toxicity high dose extract. (PHE) had sequential administration of lead acetate and aq. extract L. esculentum (at 800 mg/kg). Both the lead acetate and extract were administered orally for twenty one days. At specific periods, blood samples were collected for biochemical analyses and organs harvested for histopathological evaluation.
 Result: The total plasma protein levels of the extract groups (CE, PLE and PHE) were significantly higher than that of the PbT group. The PbT group had markedly elevated plasma liver enzymes. Oxidative stress was only evident in the PbT group but not in the extract groups as suggested by the significantly depressed anti-oxidant activities and elevated lipid peroxidation. A cystic lesion was observed in one of the liver specimens from the PbT group. Histopathological findings included fatty infiltration of the liver in the PbT group and presence of multinucleated hepatocytes in the extract groups. The latter feature suggested the ability of aqueous extract of L. esculentum to ameliorate the lead (Pb) toxicity induced liver damage.
 Conclusion: Concurrent and post-exposure administration of aqueous extract of tomato fruit (L. esculentum) mollified the liver injury caused by lead toxicity.

Growth of Red Spinach (Amaranthus tricolor L.) Hydroponically Using POC Tomatoes and Moringa Leaves

Background: Red spinach (Amaranthus tricolor L), one of the plants contains several important elements with high nutritional value, is liked by the community, easy to cultivate with hydroponics. Efforts to determine the growth of red spinach by administering POC as a nutrient needed by plants. The purpose of this study was to find out how red spinach plants grow in POC of a mixture of tomato extract and moringa leaf extract with the addition of coconut water hydroponically and at what concentration the most effective POC. This research was conducted at the Biology Green House FKIP UMS. Methods: this study used an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD) with 2 factors, namely factor 1 type of POC extract mixture and factor 2 the difference in the volume of POC so that from both factors 6 treatments were obtained with three replications for each treatment. Results: Data analysis using Two Way Anova showed that the results of the C2V2 treatment had a plant height of 2.13 cm, root length of 1.96 cm, and the highest number of leaves with 4 strands. The C1V3 treatment produced the lowest plant height, namely 1.07 cm and the C2V3 treatment produced the lowest root length, namely 0.73 cm and the C1V1, C1V3, C2V1, C2V3 treatments showed the lowest number of leaves, only 2 leaves. Conclusion: The POC of tomatoes and Moringa leaves which were given the same treatment showed that the POC of Moringa leaves were effectively used as red spinach growth nutrients.

Optimization of antioxidant and lycopene extraction from tomato pomace using Hansen solubility parameters and its application in chicken meat preservation.

Tomato pomace, composed of peels and seeds, is often discarded or used as animal feed. However, it contains valuable phytochemicals, including lycopene. Lycopene, a natural pigment, is an antioxidant known for reducing the risk of chronic diseases like cardiovascular ailments and cancer. In this study, we aimed to study the possibility of valorizing tomato pomace by quantifying phenolic compounds, evaluating the antioxidant activity of their extracts, as well as extracting and quantifying lycopene, and studying the effect of tomato peel extract on the oxidative stability of chicken patties during storage. The effectiveness of different solvent mixtures for the extraction of lycopene was evaluated using Hansen solubility parameters (HSPs). The obtained results showed that the best solvent mixture was hexane/acetone (50/50) with a Hansen theoretical distance of 7.2, indicating its favorable solvation power. It also achieved a notable extraction yield of 3.12% and the highest lycopene yield of 20.05mg/100g. This combination demonstrated the highest values in terms of total phenolic (24.06mg equivalent gallic acid/100g dry matter) and flavonoid content (30.55mg equivalent catechin/100g dry matter), indicating a significant presence of these compounds. However, its 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (13.51µg/mL) and ABTS, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid, (8.52µg/mL) IC50 values were comparatively lower than the other mixes. The use of this fraction as a food additive and antioxidant showed significant competitiveness with the conventional preservative, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol. Tomato extract can be considered a potential natural preservative in food preparations due to its high lycopene content. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This research provides valuable insights into optimizing the extraction of antioxidants from tomato pomace, using HSPs. The findings have the potential to benefit the food industry by developing improved methods for preserving chicken meat through the application of these optimized antioxidant extracts. By enhancing the preservation process, this study may contribute to extending the shelf life and maintaining the quality of chicken meat, leading to reduced food waste and improved consumer satisfaction.

Effect of Ethanol Extract of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) on Staphylococcus epidermidis in vitro

Tomato is one of the plants that contain lycopene as an antibacterial. Acne is an infectious disease caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis. Antibiotic treatment starts to become resistant so that plants can be used as alternative treatments. The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the ethanolic extract of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L) against the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria in vitro. This type of research is experimental. Extraction was carried out by maceration method with 96% ethanol as solvent. Lycopene extract with concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%. Testing with the paper disk method with five repetitions. Aquadest as a negative control, and tetracycline as a positive control. The results showed that the diameter of the inhibition zone formed in the positive control was 40.36 mm (potent inhibition). Inhibition zones at concentrations of 100%, 80%, 60%, 40%, and 20% had solid inhibitory power. The results of statistical tests showed that the ethanolic extract of tomato (Solanum lycopersycom L) had antibacterial effectiveness against the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria that causes acne in vitro. The post hoc test shows a significant effect between a T1 concentration of 100% with negative control and positive control

Secondary metabolites interference on potential of Solanum lycopersicum grown under UV-B stress and its impact on developmental attributes of Capsicum annuum

Ultraviolet-B (UV–B) radiation contributes only a minor fraction of the solar radiation that shows functional duality. It can induce negative effects directly by degrading DNA and protein or can strengthen UV-light mediated stress acclimation responses through activation of series of secondary metabolic pathways. In this experiment, we examined the secondary metabolites profile of Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) grown in doses of 15 min, 30 min, 45 min and 60 min of UV-B and the effects of its extracts on growth and metabolism of Capsicum annuum (chilli). The chief secondary metabolites of the tomato plants were determined by using gas-chromatography mass spectroscopy. Several biophysical, biochemical and histochemical analyses were performed to evaluate the effects of UV-B on secondary metabolism of the tomato and impact of its extract on chilli plants. The results indicated that the chilli plant showed negative growth responses against the aqueous extracts of tomato. These decrease in growth parameters are related to enhanced effects of secondary metabolites found in extracts which induce oxidative stress in the chilli plants. Moreover, histochemical imaging of chilli leaves and roots also showed the increased generation of reactive oxygen species and lignin accumulation. In conclusion our results highlight the presence of miscellaneous secondary metabolites which increased under UV-B stress and improved its herbicidal potency against chilli plants.

Safety of yellow/orange tomato extract as a novel food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283.

Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA) was asked to deliver an opinion on yellow/orange tomato extract used as a novel food (NF) pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2283/2015. The NF which is the subject of the application is a carotenoid-rich extract from the yellow/orange tomato containing predominantly phytoene and phytofluene, as well as a lesser amount of beta-carotene, zeta-carotene and lycopene. The NF is produced from the tomato pulp using supercritical CO2 extraction. The applicant proposes the use of the NF in cereal bars, functional drinks and as a food supplement in individuals above 15 years of age. For the use of the NF in cereal bars and functional drinks, the Panel considers, the target population is the general population. According to EFSA's latest exposure assessment for lycopene as a food additive (EFSA ANS Panel, 2017), the highest P95 intakes for children (< 10 and 10-17 years) and adults when combined to the use of lycopene as a food colour from natural occurrence would exceed the established acceptable daily intake (ADI) for lycopene (0.5 mg/kg body weight (bw) day). The estimated intakes of the NF would lead to an exceedance of the ADI when considering natural occurrence and exposure to lycopene when used as a food additive. Due to the absence of safety data regarding phytoene and phytofluene intake from the NF, and the contribution of the NF to the estimated high daily intakes of lycopene, the Panel considers that it cannot be established whether or not the consumption of the NF is nutritionally disadvantageous. The Panel concludes that the safety of the NF has not been established under the proposed conditions of use.

Effect of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) extract on height and number of roots in patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) subculture planlet

Extracts of plant parts have the potential as growth regulators that can be used in in vitro culture. In order to find the ideal tomato extract concentration for the growth of patchouli explan, this study examine the effect of tomato extract (Solanum lycopersicum) as natural growth regulator on the height and quantity of roots in patchouli (Pogotemon cablin Benth.) subculture. This research was conducted from March to May 2022 at the Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Syiah Kuala University. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 6 treatments and 5 replications. The treatments consisted of P0 (MS medium 0), P1 (MS medium + 4 ml/L tomato fruit extract), P2 (MS medium + 6 ml/L tomato fruit extract), P3 (MS medium + 8 ml/L tomato fruit extract), P4 (MS medium + 10 ml/L tomato fruit extract) and P5 (MS medium + 12 ml/L tomato extract). Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and continued by Duncan post-hoc test at a significant level of 95% applied to data by using SPSS version 18. The outcomes demonstrated that the injection of tomato fruit extract had a substantial impact on the roots rather than the height parameter plantlets. The control treatment (MS 0) resulted in the best average number of roots, it was suspected that the tomato fruit extract contained compounds which inhibited root growth.

Cytotoxic Responses of Pancreatic Cancer Cell Line to Bitter Leaf (Vernonia Amygdalina), Tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum) and Coconut (Cocos Nucifera) Milk Extracts

This work is primarily designed to determine, through cell lines, the cytotoxic responses of pancreatic cancer cell (PANC-1) to reconstituted lyophilized extracts of coconut milk, bitter leaf and tomato with a view of evaluating the anticancer properties of these extract. The cytotoxicity analysis was performed on the extracts using the MTT assay method as previously described on pancreatic tumour (PANC-1) cell lines . The cytotoxicity studies showed concentration and dose-dependent decrease in cell viability of pancreatic cancer cell line (PANC-1) to the three lyophilized extracts of coconut milk, bitter leaf and tomato. Bitter leaf aqueous extract was significantly the most cytotoxic to the cancer cells followed by coconut and lastly tomato extracts. The cytotoxicity of coconut milk compared with tomato and bitter leaf to PANC-1 increased in the order of bitter leaf &gt; coconut milk &gt; tomato.

Protonated Forms of Naringenin and Naringenin Chalcone: Proteiform Bioactive Species Elucidated by IRMPD Spectroscopy, IMS, CID-MS, and Computational Approaches.

Naringenin (Nar) and its structural isomer, naringenin chalcone (ChNar), are two natural phytophenols with beneficial health effects belonging to the flavonoids family. A direct discrimination and structural characterization of the protonated forms of Nar and ChNar, delivered into the gas phase by electrospray ionization (ESI), was performed by mass spectrometry-based methods. In this study, we exploit a combination of electrospray ionization coupled to (high-resolution) mass spectrometry (HR-MS), collision-induced dissociation (CID) measurements, IR multiple-photon dissociation (IRMPD) action spectroscopy, density functional theory (DFT) calculations, and ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IMS). While IMS and variable collision-energy CID experiments hardly differentiate the two isomers, IRMPD spectroscopy appears to be an efficient method to distinguish naringenin from its related chalcone. In particular, the spectral range between 1400 and 1700 cm-1 is highly specific in discriminating between the two protonated isomers. Selected vibrational signatures in the IRMPD spectra have allowed us to identify the nature of the metabolite present in methanolic extracts of commercial tomatoes and grapefruits. Furthermore, comparisons between experimental IRMPD and calculated IR spectra have clarified the geometries adopted by the two protonated isomers, allowing a conformational analysis of the probed species.

Eco-Oriented Formulation and Stabilization of Oil–Colloidal Biodelivery Systems Based on GC-MS/MS-Profiled Phytochemicals from Wild Tomato for Long-Term Retention and Penetration on Applied Surfaces for Effective Crop Protection

Vegetable oils as hydrophobic reserves in oil dispersions (OD) provide a practical approach to halt bioactive degradation for user and environment-efficient pest management. Using biodegradable soybean oil (57%), castor oil ethoxylate (5%), calcium dodecyl benzenesulfonates as nonionic and an-ionic surfactants, bentonite (2%), and fumed silica as rheology modifiers, we created an oil-colloidal biodelivery sytem (30%) of tomato extract with homogenization. The quality-influencing parameters, such as particle size (4.5 μm), dispersibility (97%), viscosity (61 cps), and thermal stability (2 years), have been optimized in accordance with specifications. Vegetable oil was chosen for its improved bioactive stability, high smoke point (257 °C), coformulant compatibility, and as a green build-in-adjuvant by improving spreadability (20-30%), retention and penetration (20-40%). In in vitro testing, it efficiently controlled aphids with 90.5% mortalities and 68.7-71.2% under field-conditions without producing phytotoxicity. Wild tomato-derived phytochemicals can be a safe and efficient alternative to chemical pesticides when combined wisely with vegetable oils.

Characterization of Biological Properties of Individual Phenolamides and Phenolamide-Enriched Leaf Tomato Extracts.

Resistance to conventional treatments renders urgent the discovery of new therapeutic molecules. Plant specialized metabolites such as phenolamides, a subclass of phenolic compounds, whose accumulation in tomato plants is mediated by the biotic and abiotic environment, constitute a source of natural molecules endowed with potential antioxidant, antimicrobial as well as anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of our study was to investigate whether three major phenolamides found in Tuta absoluta-infested tomato leaves exhibit antimicrobial, cytotoxic and/or anti-inflammatory properties. One of them, N1,N5,N14-tris(dihydrocaffeoyl)spermine, was specifically synthesized for this study. The three phenolamides showed low to moderate antibacterial activities but were able to counteract the LPS pro-inflammatory effect on THP-1 cells differentiated into macrophages. Extracts made from healthy but not T. absoluta-infested tomato leaf extracts were also able to reduce inflammation using the same cellular approach. Taken together, these results show that phenolamides from tomato leaves could be interesting alternatives to conventional drugs.

Crocins-rich tomato extracts showed enhanced protective effects in vitro

Crocins-rich tomato extracts showed enhanced protective effects in vitro

Repellent effect of plant leaves extract of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) against Aedes aegypti mosquitoes

Avoiding the bites of Aedes aegypti is the best way to prevent transmission of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). One effective way to avoid mosquito bites is to apply a repellent lotion. This research is an effort to find natural ingredients for mosquito repellent lotions. The purpose of this research is to determine the repellent effect of the ethanol extract of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) leaves, known to rich in alkaloids and saponin, against Aedes mosquitoes. The repellent lotion of tomato leaves extract was prepared in five concentration levels namely 0% (control), 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%. By applying a completely randomized design, five cages were prepared with 25 mosquitoes each, into which volunteers were asked to put their bare hands.The results showed that tomato leaf extract had a repellent effect on Aedes aegypti mosquito in a concentration-dependent manner.At the concentration of 10% the extract repels mosquito bites by 36%, while the extract with a concentration of 50% able to repel mosquito bites by up to 83%. It can be concluded that tomato leaf extract has a repellent effect on Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and has the potential to be developed as a mosquito repellent lotion.

Repellent effect of plant leaves extract of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) against Aedes aegypti mosquitoes

Repellent effect of plant leaves extract of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) against Aedes aegypti mosquitoes

Autophagic-Related Anticancer Effect of Grapes Extract and Tomatoes Extract: Ex-Vivo Study

Cells undergo autophagy to save themselves from injury, but progressive autophagy can cause cell death. This study characterized and compared the effect of grape (resveratrol) and tomato (lycopene) extracts and their combination on modulating autophagy-related miRNA and its target gene in squamous cell carcinoma cell line. Docking analysis for extracts and selected genes was performed. Methyl Thiazol Tetrazolium assays were used to assess the cytotoxicity of extracts and their combination toward HEp-2 cells. qRT-PCR was used to quantify changes in gene expression. Data were statistically analyzed. miRNA-20a was identified as a potential effector in laryngeal cancer, and sequestosome-1 (SQSTM1) was its target gene. Docking analysis showed that resveratrol interacted with miRNA-20a and showed less affinity toward SQSTM1. Hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions were predicted. In contrast, lycopene showed less affinity toward miRNA-20a than resveratrol. Increasing doses of resveratrol, lycopene, and their combination induced a statistically significant reduction in mean percent viability and mean fold changes of miRNA-20a and SQSTM1 expression in treated HEp-2 cells. Pearson’s correlation showed a statistically significant positive correlation between miRNA-20a and SQSTM1 (R=0.812, p≤0.001). Grape and tomato extracts and their combination display promising cytotoxicity against HEp-2 cells in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. Both extracts reduce the expression of miRNA-20a and SQSTM1 with subsequent inhibition autophagy and promotion of apoptosis in HEp-2 cells.&#x0D;

Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Eksplan Kentang (Solanum Tuberosum L.) Kultivar Atlantik pada Medium Murashige and Skoog dengan Penambahan Ekstrak Tomat (Solanum Lycopersicum L.) Secara In Vitro

This research was to find out the growth of potato explant (Solanum tuberosum L.) atlantic cultivar after giving concentrations of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) extract and to find out the optimum concentrations of tomato extract for the growth of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) explant Atlantic cultivar in vitro. This research uses a completely randomized design with a single factor, with 5 concentrations levels : 0%,2%,4%,6%,8%. Each treatment was repeated 5 times. Data obtained then in Levene test, then carried analysis of varience test at the 5% real level. The result of this research indicate that giving tomato extract to vegetative growth of potato had not significant of height, the amount of leaves, and the amount of shoots.