Tokyo Medical And Dental University Research Articles

A New Deep Learning Algorithm for Detecting Spinal Metastases on Computed Tomography Images.

Retrospective diagnostic study. To automatically detect osteolytic bone metastasis lesions in the thoracolumbar region using conventional computed tomography (CT) scans, we developed a new deep learning (DL)-based computer-aided detection model. Radiographic detection of bone metastasis is often difficult, even for orthopedic surgeons and diagnostic radiologists, with a consequent risk for pathologic fracture or spinal cord injury. If we can improve detection rates, we will be able to prevent the deterioration of patients' quality of life at the end stage of cancer. This study included CT scans acquired at Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) Hospital between 2016 and 2022. A total of 263 positive CT scans that included at least one osteolytic bone metastasis lesion in the thoracolumbar spine and 172 negative CT scans without bone metastasis were collected for the datasets to train and validate the DL algorithm. As a test data set, 20 positive and 20 negative CT scans were separately collected from the training and validation datasets. To evaluate the performance of the established artificial intelligence (AI) model, sensitivity, precision, F1-score, and specificity were calculated. The clinical utility of our AI model was also evaluated through observer studies involving six orthopaedic surgeons and six radiologists. Our AI model showed a sensitivity, precision, and F1-score of 0.78, 0.68, and 0.72 (per slice) and 0.75, 0.36, and 0.48 (per lesion), respectively. The observer studies revealed that our AI model had comparable sensitivity to orthopaedic or radiology experts and improved the sensitivity and F1-score of residents. We developed a novel DL-based AI model for detecting osteolytic bone metastases in the thoracolumbar spine. Although further improvement in accuracy is needed, the current AI model may be applied to current clinical practice. Level III.

The possibility of mutations of RAS signaling genes and/or TP53 in combination as a negative prognostic impact on pathological stage I non-small cell lung cancer.

The recurrence rate of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is as high as 30%, even in the cancer with pathological stage I disease. Therefore, identifying factors predictive of high-risk pathological recurrence is important. However, few studies have examined the genetic status of these tumors and its relationship to prognosis. A cohort of 328 cases of primary lung cancer that underwent complete resection at Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) was screened for 440 cancer-associated genes using panel testing. Further analyses included 92 cases of pathological stage I NSCLC who did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy. Ridge regression was performed to identify association studies mutational status and postoperative recurrence. These data were then validated using clinical and genetic data from 56 patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Mutations in TP53, RAS signaling genes KRAS and HRAS, and EGFR were recurrently detected. Ridge regression analysis relevant to recurrence, as well as survival analysis, performed using data from the TMDU cohort revealed significantly shorter relapse-free survival (RFS) for patients with RAS signaling or TP53 gene mutations than for those without (log-rank test, p = 0.00090). This statistical trend was also suggested in the TCGA cohort (log-rank test, p = 0.10). Mutations in RAS signaling genes and/or TP53 could be useful for the prediction of shorter RFS of patients with stage I NSCLC.

P157 Serial daily recording of patient-reported outcomes (PRO2) might predict treatment change in the patients with Ulcerative Colitis.

Abstract Background Patient-reported outcome (PRO2) score composed solely of the stool frequency and bleeding components from partial Mayo (pMayo) score are used for the evaluation of clinical symptom in the patients with Ulcerative Colitis (UC). Although pMayo and PRO2 score also perform as well as the full Mayo score to identify the disease activity and clinical response, it is unclear whether serial daily PRO2 score are relevant in clinical practice. Moreover, its clinical significance for long-term outcome has not been established. The aim of this study istherefore to clarify the relationship between daily PRO2 records using a smart device application and prognosis. Methods This study was approved by the ethics committee in Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU). The application was originally developed by the cooperation with TMDU and Hitachi ltd. Patients with UC input their symptoms by themselves in accordance with PRO2 once a day using the application on their smart device. The alert for their symptom exacerbation is set according to our logic. Patient's condition including alert status is confirmed by the doctor once a week using doctor’s PC. Medical information such as therapeutics and blood examination, was extracted from the electronic medical chart in the hospital. The application data was combined with medical information on a daily basis. We defined a start or change of the treatment with prednisone or biologics as treatment change for the outcome of this study. The difference of PRO2 score before the date of treatment change is calculated for each patient and the odds ratio (OR) and AUC of the ROC curve are estimated by univariate logistic regression analysis. Results From July 2020 to March 2022, 183 UC patients participated in this study. Mean age was 46.6 years. Male to female ratio was 81:102. Mean observation period was 346 days. The number of the patients with alert of symptom exacerbation averaged 5.79/week. There were 27 patients with treatment change during the period. PRO2 score in the patients with treatment change was significantly increased compared with the patients with no change in treatment. The OR [95%CI] of the PRO2 change from 90 days to 5 days before treatment change was 7.708 [2.713-21.902], the AUC [95%CI] was 0.872 [0.772-0.973], the OR [95%CI] of the PRO2 change from 10 days to 5 days was 3.309 [1.601-6. 841] and AUC [95%CI] was 0.679 [0.569-0.789]. Conclusion PRO2 variation over 90 days was highly reliable for predicting treatment change. Further analysis will clarify the clinical significance of serial daily PRO2 score recording.

Acute myeloid leukemia post RAS-associated autoimmune leukoproliferative disease.

Pediatrics InternationalAccepted Articles e15521 CLINICAL NOTE Acute myeloid leukemia post RAS-associated autoimmune leukoproliferative disease Eisei Tsutsumi, Eisei Tsutsumi orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-0678 Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General HospitalSearch for more papers by this authorKai Yamasaki, Corresponding Author Kai Yamasaki [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0002-5701-8813 Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital Correspondence Kai Yamasaki, MD, Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Osaka City General Hospital, 2-13-22, Miyakojima-hondouri, Miyakojima-ku, Osaka 534-0021, Japan, Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorYoshiko Nakano, Yoshiko Nakano Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General HospitalSearch for more papers by this authorMasatoshi Takagi, Masatoshi Takagi orcid.org/0000-0002-7580-9184 Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)Search for more papers by this authorJunichi Hara, Junichi Hara Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General HospitalSearch for more papers by this author Eisei Tsutsumi, Eisei Tsutsumi orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-0678 Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General HospitalSearch for more papers by this authorKai Yamasaki, Corresponding Author Kai Yamasaki [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0002-5701-8813 Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital Correspondence Kai Yamasaki, MD, Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Osaka City General Hospital, 2-13-22, Miyakojima-hondouri, Miyakojima-ku, Osaka 534-0021, Japan, Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorYoshiko Nakano, Yoshiko Nakano Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General HospitalSearch for more papers by this authorMasatoshi Takagi, Masatoshi Takagi orcid.org/0000-0002-7580-9184 Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)Search for more papers by this authorJunichi Hara, Junichi Hara Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General HospitalSearch for more papers by this author First published: 10 March 2023 https://doi.org/10.1111/ped.15521 This article has been accepted for publication and undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process, which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as doi:10.1111/ped.15521. AboutPDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Accepted ArticlesAccepted, unedited articles published online and citable. The final edited and typeset version of record will appear in the future.e15521 RelatedInformation

Recurrent generalized tonic-clonic seizures induced by ventricular tachycardia.

Pediatrics InternationalVolume 64, Issue 1 e15124 Clinical Notes Recurrent generalized tonic-clonic seizures induced by ventricular tachycardia Ryosuke Wakatsuki, Ryosuke Wakatsuki Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorYu Matsumura, Corresponding Author Yu Matsumura caravan.and.dogs@gmail.com orcid.org/0000-0002-6312-7813 Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan Correspondence: Yu Matsumura, MD, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan. Email: caravan.and.dogs@gmail.comSearch for more papers by this authorTomohiro Udagawa, Tomohiro Udagawa Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorShiori Takai, Shiori Takai Department of Pediatrics, Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital, Ibaraki, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorSeiichi Watanabe, Seiichi Watanabe Department of Pediatrics, Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital, Ibaraki, JapanSearch for more papers by this author Ryosuke Wakatsuki, Ryosuke Wakatsuki Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorYu Matsumura, Corresponding Author Yu Matsumura caravan.and.dogs@gmail.com orcid.org/0000-0002-6312-7813 Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan Correspondence: Yu Matsumura, MD, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan. Email: caravan.and.dogs@gmail.comSearch for more papers by this authorTomohiro Udagawa, Tomohiro Udagawa Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorShiori Takai, Shiori Takai Department of Pediatrics, Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital, Ibaraki, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorSeiichi Watanabe, Seiichi Watanabe Department of Pediatrics, Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital, Ibaraki, JapanSearch for more papers by this author First published: 30 June 2022 https://doi.org/10.1111/ped.15124Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume64, Issue1January/December 2022e15124 RelatedInformation

Abstracts from the World Federation for Laser Dentistry—Asia Pacific Division Virtual Conference July 16–17, 2021

Abstracts from the World Federation for Laser Dentistry—Asia Pacific Division Virtual Conference July 16–17, 2021

Training Program for PhD Students at the Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, TMDU (Tokyo Medical and Dental University)

Training Program for PhD Students at the Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, TMDU (Tokyo Medical and Dental University)

Current Status of Clinical Practice of Periodontal Therapy by Predoctoral Dental Students at Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)

Current Status of Clinical Practice of Periodontal Therapy by Predoctoral Dental Students at Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)

Attempt to regenerate tooth extraction cavity by three dimensional culture construct using buccal adipose-derived stem cells

Bones are the scaffolding of our bodies, without which we have no structure or anchoring points for muscles, tendons and teeth. As strong as they are though, bones often break or suffer from diseases like cancer, osteoporosis or genetic disorders which impede their proper development. While a broken bone can heal and partially regenerate, in the cases of severe bone defects or injuries doctors have long relied on artificial replacements and various other artificial fixes due to the limitations in bone regeneration. Everything from joint replacements to dental implants has relied on synthetic materials anchored to existing bone. This approach is useful and helps many people but has its limitations. Regenerative dental expert Dr Shinji Kuroda, Junior Associate Professor in the Department of Oral Implantology and Regenerative Dental Medicine at the Tokyo Medical and Dental University, explains that in some cases, infection issues arise from placing foreign objects in the body, and in the case of dental implants there is often not enough bone to anchor implants to. For example, following a tooth extraction the bone, within which the tooth sockets sit, the alveolar ridge, experiences a reduction. 'This reduction is a physiological process and results in reduced stability and aesthetic quality of the dental implants used to replace the extracted tooth,' observes Kuroda. 'Despite numerous strategies to prevent this physiological change, such as immediate implant placement into the fresh extraction site, definitive treatment strategies have not yet been discovered to mitigate this bone loss.' In situations like this or in the case of congenital defects that lead to severe bone damage or loss, the best way forward lies in the promise of regenerative medicine techniques to regrow bone.

Stress predictors in two Asian dental schools with an integrated curriculum and traditional curriculum.

This study explored stress predictors and the role of instructional methods and institutional differences in perceived stress levels amongst students at two Asian dental schools. An anonymous questionnaire was distributed to undergraduate dental students at Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Japan and the University of Medicine and Pharmacy (UMP), Hochiminh City, Vietnam in 2016. Data concerning the students' demographic information and grades, and responses to the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Dental Environment Stress questionnaire (DES) were collected. The questionnaires were prepared in English and translated into Japanese and Vietnamese following a forward-backward translation process. Altogether 684 students answered the questionnaire with a response rate of 97% for TMDU and 89% for UMP. The mean DES score of UMP students was significantly higher than TMDU (P<.001). TMDU students with dentistry as their first programme choice had significantly lower PSS and DES scores in several categories than other TMDU students, whilst UMP clinical students reported higher stress scores in several areas than UMP preclinical students. Having dentistry as their first choice of educational programme was a significant stress predictor for Japanese students whilst the clinical practicum was a significant stress predictor for Vietnamese students. Previous academic performance was not a significant stress predictor for students at either dental school. Dental students of an integrated, active-learning curriculum reported lower stress levels than students of a traditional, discipline-based curriculum.

Clinical survey over the past 35 years at the clinic for maxillofacial prosthetics Tokyo Medical and Dental University

PurposeThe purpose of this survey was to examine the overview of maxillofacial prosthetic treatment at our department, in order to ascertain the actual status of patients and discuss future needs. MethodsSubjects were all patients who visited Clinic for Maxillofacial Prosthetics, Dental Hospital, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) in the period from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2014. Using medical records of the Clinic for Maxillofacial Prosthetics, Dental Hospital, TMDU, patients’ data including sex, address, referring institution, and primary condition were analyzed throughout the period. ResultsThe number of patients over 35 years was 6219, with a man-to-woman ratio of 6:4. The number of patients in their 60s, 70s, and 80s showed an increasing trend. Patients with tumors accounted for about 50 % of cases in 1980–1984 and increased to 80 % in 2010–2014. ConclusionsThe survey showed an increasing number of elderly patients and patients with tumors. This suggests that more awareness and education about maxillofacial prosthetics are needed.

Does neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer increase complications during immediate breast reconstruction?

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) has been administered since the 1990s and is now one of the major treatments for breast cancer. It can achieve extremely positive results in some patients. Whether NAC affects immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) using an expander, however, remains unclear. A retrospective study was performed at Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) hospital. Seventy-five cases of immediate breast reconstruction using an expander were performed in 69 patients between January 2001 and January 2007. The patients were evaluated for tumor size, histological type, sites of invasion, staging, lymph node metastasis, NAC regimen, response to NAC, type of immediate breast reconstruction (IBR), complications, and prognosis. In patients treated with an expander, there was no significant difference in the complication rate between those who underwent NAC and those who did not. NAC did not increase the complication rate after IBR using an expander. However, for reconstruction using autologous tissue, more data are needed.

Cell division of neurons in an oxygen-glucose deprivation model

Event Abstract Back to Event Cell division of neurons in an oxygen-glucose deprivation model Itsuki Ajioka1, 2* and Mio Oshikawa1 1 Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Center for Brain Integration Research (CBIR), Japan 2 JST, PRESTO, Japan Although neurons are able to re-enter the cell cycle in pathological situations such as neurodegeneration and stroke, they are tightly protected from cell division and undergo cell death after S phase progression. Neurons become permanently post-mitotic immediately after cell cycle exit during development, however, the mechanism underlying non-dividing feature is mostly unknown. The Retinoblastoma protein family (Rb, p107, p130) plays a central role in preventing cells from entering the S phase. When Rb family expression is lost in neuronal progenitor cells, the subsequent coordination of cell-cycle exit and neuronal differentiation is lost, and neurons can divide in some cases such as retinoblastoma (Ajioka et al., 2007). We recently developed a technique for conditionally inactivating all of the Rb family members in mouse cortical progenitors, either before or immediately after cell-cycle exit, by electroporation with Cre-expressing plasmids containing a ubiquitous pCAG promoter or a neuron-specific pMAP2 promoter (Oshikawa et al., 2013). When the Rb family is inactivated using pCAG-Cre, immature neurons generated from the pCAG-induced Rb-TKO (Rb-/-; p107-/-; p130-/-) progenitors divide. In contrast, the pMAP2-induced Rb-TKO immature neurons enter the S phase, but undergo cell death. Thus, once progenitor daughter cells exit the cell-cycle and initiate neuronal differentiation, they are prevented from undergoing cell division, and maintain mitotic resistance even after acute Rb family inactivation. These findings led us to hypothesize that pathological neurons in the S phase undergo cell death by activating mitotic safeguards. To investigate whether such mitotic safeguard protects pathological neurons in the S phase from undergoing cell division, we used oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) model in which post-mitotic cortical neurons undergo cell death after S phase progression and Rb phosphorylation. We demonstrate the cell division of dying OGD neurons in the S phase by inactivating mitotic safeguards. Keywords: Cell Cycle, Cell Division, Phosphorylation, Neuron, retinoblastoma protein family Conference: 14th Meeting of the Asian-Pacific Society for Neurochemistry, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 27 Aug - 30 Aug, 2016. Presentation Type: Poster Presentation Session Topic: 14th Meeting of the Asian-Pacific Society for Neurochemistry Citation: Ajioka I and Oshikawa M (2016). Cell division of neurons in an oxygen-glucose deprivation model. Conference Abstract: 14th Meeting of the Asian-Pacific Society for Neurochemistry. doi: 10.3389/conf.fncel.2016.36.00182 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 04 Aug 2016; Published Online: 11 Aug 2016. * Correspondence: Prof. Itsuki Ajioka, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Center for Brain Integration Research (CBIR), Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, iajioka.cbir@tmd.ac.jp Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Itsuki Ajioka Mio Oshikawa Google Itsuki Ajioka Mio Oshikawa Google Scholar Itsuki Ajioka Mio Oshikawa PubMed Itsuki Ajioka Mio Oshikawa Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.

International collaboration between Japan and Chile to improve detection rates in colorectal cancer screening.

In Chile, mortality from colorectal cancer (CRC) has increased rapidly. To help address this issue, the Prevention Project for Neoplasia of the Colon and Rectum (PRENEC) program was initiated in 2012 with intensive support from Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) in Tokyo, Japan, as part of an international collaboration. From June 2012 to July 2014, a total of 10,575 asymptomatic participants were enrolled in PRENEC. Participants with positive immunochemical fecal occult blood test (iFOBT) results or a family history of CRC underwent colonoscopy. The colonoscopy results from a similar, previous project in Chile (PREVICOLON) were compared with those from PRENEC. Furthermore, the initial colonoscopies of 1562 participants in PRENEC were analyzed according to whether the colonoscopists were from TMDU or Chile. The complete colonoscopy, adenoma detection, and cancer detection rates were 88.0%, 26.7%, and 1.1%, respectively, in PREVICOLON, while the corresponding values were 94.4%, 41.8%, and 6.0%, respectively, in PRENEC. In PRENEC, 107 cases of CRC were detected, amounting for 1.0% of all participants. Considering initial colonoscopies in PRENEC, the complete colonoscopy, adenoma detection, and cancer detection rates were 97.4%, 45.3%, and 9.3%, respectively, for physicians at TMDU and 93.3%, 41.5%, and 5.1%, respectively for Chilean physicians. The detection rates of intramucosal cancer were 7.3% and 3.7%, respectively, for TMDU and Chilean physicians. Quality indicators of colonoscopy substantially improved from PREVICOLON to PRENEC. The assessments made by Chilean physicians alone were improved in PRENEC, but remained better in the TMDU group. Moreover, physicians from TMDU detected more CRCs than Chilean physicians, especially at earlier stages.

Joint Research Project on Infectious Diseases in West-African Subregion

A research collaboration project in Ghana has joined the MEXT program supported by the Japanese government since 2008. The Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research (NMIMR), the University of Ghana, and Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) are core parties in the project, and researchers from other institutions also participate temporarily. Two TMDU faculty members are sent to Ghana to manage and implement joint research projects for virology and parasitology, which cover HIV, African trypanosomes, malaria parasites, and vector insects. Along with joint research, mutual exchange activities for young researchers and students have been promoted to develop human resources in tropical infectious disease research. Subjects in our project are all public health concerns both in Ghana and West-Africa and in other parts of the world. Our joint projects have strengthened and promoted global information networks on infectious diseases and the health and welfare of the residents of Ghana and Japan.

FRI0088 Prevalence of Comorbidities in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Using Japanese Health Insurance Database

BackgroundThe high prevalence or risk of comorbidities in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been reported1,2. It is essential for rheumatologists to manage comorbidities appropriately since they influence on prognosis...

Retrospective Study of Autologous Blood Transfusion for Patients with Jaw Deformities During the Past 5 Years in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) Dental Hospital

Retrospective Study of Autologous Blood Transfusion for Patients with Jaw Deformities During the Past 5 Years in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) Dental Hospital

A novel equation and nomogram including body weight for estimating prostate volumes in men with biopsy-proven benign prostatic hyperplasia

Anthropometric measurements, e.g., body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), as well as serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and percent-free PSA (%fPSA) have been shown to have positive correlations with total prostate volume (TPV). We developed an equation and nomogram for estimating TPV, incorporating these predictors in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). A total of 1852 men, including 1113 at Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) Hospital as a training set and 739 at Cancer Institute Hospital (CIH) as a validation set, with PSA levels of up to 20 ng ml(-1), who underwent extended prostate biopsy and were proved to have BPH, were enrolled in this study. We developed an equation for continuously coded TPV and a logistic regression-based nomogram for estimating a TPV greater than 40 ml. Predictive accuracy and performance characteristics were assessed using an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) and calibration plots. The final linear regression model indicated age, PSA, %fPSA and BW as independent predictors of continuously coded TPV. For predictions in the training set, the multiple correlation coefficient was increased from 0.38 for PSA alone to 0.60 in the final model. We developed a novel nomogram incorporating age, PSA, %fPSA and BW for estimating TPV greater than 40 ml. External validation confirmed its predictive accuracy, with AUC value of 0.764. Calibration plots showed good agreement between predicted probability and observed proportion. In conclusion, TPV can be easily estimated using these four independent predictors.

Current challenges for dental education in Japan and the United States

Summary The education systems for dentists in Japan and in the United States face several current and future challenges. While there is an increasing demand for new dentists in the United States to this relatively financially rewarding health profession, there is a critical shortage of recent graduating dentists entering full-time academic and research positions at US dental schools. In Japan, while there are more extensive training programs to insure new future researchers and academicians, there is a perceived oversupply of dentists and an attempt to reduce the numbers of new dentists, which in turn discourages entry into dental education programs. Meeting these different challenges in both countries requires developing and reforming dental school curriculums that should be both scientifically and clinically up to date, that will stimulate critical scientific thinking and active life-long learning, and that will encourage students to pursue academic and research careers. In this review, both the common and different strategies developed by dental schools in Japan and the United States to encourage students to apply to dental schools and to pursue academic and research careers are presented, with emphasis on the reform efforts at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) and Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU).

Evaluation of Clinical Training for Removable Partial Denture at the Tokyo Medical and Dental University

Purpose: The aim of this study was to survey the undergraduate removable partial denture (RPD) clinical program and RPD’s fabricated by students in 2006, and to identify the problems to be solved in the future. Methods: Sixty-nine students in their final semester at Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) recorded the following preoperative data: age, gender, chief complaint, and Kennedy and Eichner classifica tions. The students were requested to present their treated cases and were subjected to an oral examination by the professor to determine the treatment plan and prosthetic design of denture. Additionally, the students surveyed the chewing function score and visual analogue scale (VAS) regarding esthetics and stability of RPD, and the material used for RPD frameworks was summarized. Results: The patients included 35 men and 34 women, and their chief complaints were mostly dissatisfaction with their current dentures. More than 80% of cases were classified as Kennedy I or II, and about one-fourth were classified as Eichner B4 or C1, in which the occlusal supports could not easily be reconstructed. Chewing function score significantly improved compared to preoperative state (P<0.05) and postoperative VAS was clinically acceptable. 89% of frameworks, were cast with Co-Cr alloy in one piece and a palatal strap or bar and a lingual bar were applied in 77% of treated RPDs. Conclusion: It is thought that our educational methods for delivery of RPDs are adequate. Since it is suggested by an objective assessment of them that they are unsatisfactory, we should deal with that problem without delay.