Tofu Industry Waste Research Articles

Analysis of the Quality and Pollution Load Carrying Capacity of Point Source Pollutants due to Tofu Industry Waste in Garuda River Using QUAL2Kw Modeling

Analysis of the Quality and Pollution Load Carrying Capacity of Point Source Pollutants due to Tofu Industry Waste in Garuda River Using QUAL2Kw Modeling

Effectiveness of Eco Enzymes in Reducing Chemical Parameters of Tofu Factory Liquid Waste in Klumutan Village, Saradan District

The tofu industry generates substantial liquid waste that poses environmental challenges due to its high chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), and pH levels. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Eco Enzymes in reducing these chemical parameters in the tofu industry waste in Klumutan Village, Saradan District. Utilizing a Quasi-Experimental method, the research employed purposive sampling of liquid waste from tofu production. The findings revealed that the application of Ecoenzyme at doses of 5%, 10%, and 15%, with detention times of 10, 15, and 20 days, significantly reduced COD, TSS, and pH levels. The results showed that both the dosage and detention time had a substantial impact on the effectiveness of Ecoenzyme in treating the waste. The implications of this study suggest that Eco Enzymes can be an effective, eco-friendly solution for improving wastewater management in the tofu industry, thereby contributing to environmental sustainability.

Pengolahan Limbah Industri Tahu dengan Tanaman Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) untuk Menurunkan Kadar Nitrat (Utilization of Kenaf Plant (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) to Reduce Nitrate Levels in Tofu Industrial Wastewater)

Tofu industry waste is rich in nutrients so it can pollute the environment if there is no processing or remediation of soil contaminated by tofu waste. One technology that can be used is phytoremediation, which uses plants to reduce organic and inorganic pollutants in soil, sediment or water. Kenaf plants (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) have the ability to reduce pollutants so they can be used in the phytoremediation process. This research uses bed evapotranspiration with a batch system to measure the reduction in nitrate levels. The variables used in this research were kenaf plant varieties (KR 12 and KR 15), age (30 days and 45 days) and tofu wastewater concentrations of 50% and 75%. The results of pH observations on day 3 ranged from 7.1 - 7.7. Nitrate analysis observations were carried out every 7 days for 28 days. It is known from research results that kenaf 15 plants aged 45 days have the highest removal efficiency.

Reduction of Heavy Metal (Pb) ions in industrial waste using activated carbon based on used catalysts

Used catalyst-based activated carbon is activated carbon made from used catalysts from the crude oil cracking process. The used catalyst used is a type of crystalline Zeolite with a regular structure, which contains elements of Silica Oxide, Alumina Oxide, and Calcium Oxide. The use of organic activated carbon to treat waste has been widely used, the use of used catalyst waste as activated carbon is very potential because the catalyst used for oil company cracking is no longer used. Tofu industry is one of Indonesia's industries dominated by small-scale businesses with limited capital, so most tofu industries do not have waste treatment units, where liquid waste is directly discharged into sewers or water bodies without treatment first. Tofu industrial waste contains pollutants both organic and inorganic. Initial analysis of tofu industry liquid waste containing Pb metal. This study aims to determine the effect of mass variation and stirring time of used catalyst-based activated carbon adsorbent on reducing Heavy Metal Ions (Pb) in tofu industry liquid waste. The adsorption process is carried out with mass variations of activated carbon of 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 grams. Stirring time variations are 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 minutes. From the results of the study, it is known that the best condition for reducing Pb content was obtained at a stirring time of 60 minutes and a large catalyst-based activated carbon mass of 66.33%

Efektivitas Karbon Aktif Dari Batu Bara Muda dalam Menurunkan COD pada Air Limbah Industri Tahu

Lignite is the lowest quality coal and cannot be traded in the market. One alternative is that lignite coal has a better use value, lignite coal can be used as a material for making activated carbon. Coal which has become activated carbon can be applied to tofu industrial waste water as an adsorbent in absorbing chemical oxygen demand contained in tofu industrial waste water. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of activated carbon from lignite,opium conditions and isotherm modeling. The method used in the manufacture of activated carbon from lignite is to use an activator in the form of 2 M NaOH with a carbonization temperature of 500°C using variations of 60 minutes and 90 minutes, then the activated carbon is soaked in 2 M HCl solution. Results from carbon characteristics The active lignite coal meets the requirements of SNI 06-3730-1995, the optimum time for reducing COD is 15 minutes with %removal of 66%, the optimum pH for reducing COD is pH 5 with %removal of 63.84% and the isotherm model follows the Harkin isotherm model - Jura with an average relative error of 13.024.

EFFECT OF TRACE METAL FECL3 ON BIOGAS PRODUCTION IN INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT WITH HIGH ORGANIC LOAD

Wastewater from the food industry that contains a high organic load, such as wastewater from the tofu manufacturing process, requires an appropriate and efficient treatment system to reduce pollutants before being discharged into water bodies. The most suitable treatment for high organic loads is the anaerobic treatment system. The anaerobic treatment process is a system of suspended media, attached media, or the combination thereof as a hybrid. This study uses a Hybrid Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (HUASB) reactor with the consideration that this reactor has advantages in maintaining high concentrations of biomass, high operating load rates, good decomposition capabilities, and good solid-liquid separation due to suitable granulation. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the addition of the trace metal FeCl3 on biogas production and the ability to remove pollutants in the tofu industrial process wastewater treatment in the HUASB reactor. The operation of the reactor uses variations in the concentration of tofu industrial waste water (75 and 100%) and trace metal concentrations (0.3–0.6 mg/L). The optimum biogas production was obtained with 8190 mL at a concentration of 75% tofu industrial waste water, a trace metal concentration of 0.6 mg/L FeCl3, and removal of COD and TSS of 94.09% and 94.2%, respectively. The role of the trace metal FeCl3in the anaerobic process shows that it is a source of nutrition for increasing the growth of microorganisms in anaerobic systems so that biogas production and pollutant removal are increased.

Kinetika Reaksi Resin Immobilized Photocatalyst Technology (RIPT) TiO2 Sebagai Bahan Alternatif Pengolahan Limbah Cair Tahu

Liquid waste from the tofu industry contains a lot of organic matter, the high content of this organic material will result in high BOD and COD values ​​in the waters and can have a bad impact if not handled properly. One alternative that is commonly used to overcome this problem is to use a photocatalyst degradation method. This study aims to determine the reaction kinetics which includes the determination of the reaction rate constant and the reaction order in removing the COD content of the resin-immobilized TiO₂ photocatalyst. This study presents the reaction kinetics of RIPT with catalyst, TiO2, catalyst mass (10gr, 20gr, 30gr), and RIPT mass (5gr, 10gr, 15gr). This research was conducted by making immobilized TiO2 photocatalyst resin and then entering 1000 ml of tofu industrial waste and the obtained RIPT-resin into the reactor in which stirring occurred using a test jar. Based on the results of the study, the best value for the reaction rate constant was obtained by the mass variation of RIPT (15gr). Meanwhile, the best value constant of reaction rate was obtained by mass variation of 30 gram TiO2 catalyst, with the result that the reaction rate constant value of RIPT- and RIPT-TiO2 30 grams was 0.0101 minute-1.

SOSIALISASI DAN PEMBUATAN NUGGET DARI AMPAS TAHU UNTUK MENINGKATKAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT DI KAMPUNG CEMPAKA PUTIH DESA ANYAR – BANTEN

The current management of the tofu industrial waste in SMEs has not been managed properly, the solid and liquid waste is discharged into the environment, such as ditches and rivers. For this reason, it is necessary to increase efforts to utilize the waste generated by community activities. The effort to utilize this waste is not only a form of environmental management that is inherent in the quality of human life, it is also an effort to develop human resources that can open up new business opportunities. Many types of waste can be reused through recycling or converted to other useful products, one of which is waste. from the tofu industry. The waste usually still contains fiber, carbohydrates, protein, fat, organic acids, and minerals and basically can undergo biological changes so that it can be converted to other products such as energy, food, feed, organic fertilizers and others. In an effort to build small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), first of all the chemical and physical properties must be known, so that various possible products can be estimated. Then the selected product is considered with its market and techno-economy. For example, tofu dregs have chemical properties that are dominated by protein so that they can be processed into food such as nuggets which function as a source of protein and can improve the community's economy

The effect of liquid organic fertilizer from tofu industrial waste and EM4 on the growth of mustard greens (Brasicajuncea L.)

This study aimed to determine the effect of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) from tofu industry waste, EM4, and their combination on the growth of mustard greens (Brassica juncea L.) and to determine the most optimal dose to increase the growth of mustard greens. This study used a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 2 factors. The first factor is the dose of POC from the tofu industry waste, and the second is the dose of EM4. Each factor has five levels of fertilization with three replications. The treatment of liquid organic fertilizer from tofu industry waste consisted of 0 ml, 25 ml, 50 ml, 75 ml, and 100 ml. The EM4 treatment consisted of 0 ml, 1 ml, 2 ml, 3 ml, and 4 ml/100 ml water. The parameters observed in Green mustard growth were plant height, number of leaves, wet weight, leaf area, and dry weight. The results of the research showed that the POC of tofu waste, EM4, and its combination did not have a significant effect on all parameters.

MODIFIKASI REAKTOR DRUM UNTUK PRETREATMENT PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CAIR PADA HOME INDUSTRY TAHU DAN TEMPE

Liquid waste in the case of tofu industrial waste has a variety of very high organic matter content, if it is not processed properly it will pollute the environment. Based on the results of research on the waste from the tempe-tofu factory, it is known that the pH is 4.3; TSS 140 mg/L; COD 4506.6 mg/L; and BOD 1285.59 mg/L. To meet quality standards, it must be processed first with the right technology before being disposed of so as not to pollute the environment. The problems faced by Partners 1 and Partners 2 are that the factory does not provide funds specifically for processing, has limited land and does not understand the proper processing of liquid waste, is not aware of the impact on the environment, and lacks reuse of waste for other benefits. The purpose of this Community Service Community Partnership Program is to educate and apply appropriate technology for home industrial wastewater treatment (case study of Mitra 1 (tempe) and Mitra 2 (tofu) factories in Banjarbaru City) in an effort to reduce pollutant content. The service methods carried out include data collection, dissemination of research results; tool application, technical guidance, monitoring and evaluation. The results of the community service activities that have been carried out are carrying out outreach activities and coordination with Partners 1 (tempe factory) and Partner 2 (tofu factory), sharing and exposing research results involving relevant agencies, making drum reactors and technical guidance on equipment installation, monitoring and evaluation of community service activities. Through Community Service Activities, the Community Partnership Program is expected to provide benefits for increasing the understanding and skills of the tofu-tempe home industry as partners regarding the application of appropriate technology for liquid waste management. In addition, it is also hoped that a better network of cooperation will be established.

Analisis Pupuk Organik Cair Limbah Industri Tahu Dan Air Cucian Beras

Domestic waste contains good organic matter for plant growth. One of the domestic wastes owned by each house is rice washing water. In addition, the tofu industry is also widely found in Indonesia, one of which is Cilacap City. The content of organic matter possessed by the two wastes is a source of plants. To reduce the environment, this waste can be used as raw material for making liquid organic fertilizer (POC). In addition to being environmentally friendly, the raw materials used are also easy to find. This study aims to analyze pH, temperature and levels of C-Organic in liquid organic fertilizer from tofu industrial waste and rice washing water. The manufacture of liquid fertilizer is carried out using the anaerobic method, which utilizes bacteria that are active without oxygen through a fermentation process for 14 days. To determine the effect of adding EM4 and molasses, compositional variations were carried out on samples of liquid fertilizer, namely KO, P1, P2, and P3 with molasses volume sequentially 0 grams, 5 grams, 5 grams, 10 grams. Meanwhile, the volume of EM4 added sequentially is 0%, 5%, 10% and 5%. Measurements of pH and temperature were carried out every 4 days, but measurements of C-Organic were carried out at the beginning and end of the mini-research. The final pH of POC was in accordance with quality standards with KO = 4.5 and P1, P2 and P3 = 4. The final temperature of KO samples was 29.5ᵒC, P1 29ᵒC, P2 and P3 28.5ᵒC. The highest organic-C content was owned by the knockout sample, which was 0.00297. All samples in this mini research are not included in liquid organic fertilizer (POC) but can be classified as nutrients for soil improvement.

Variations in Microbial Community on the Nutrient Content of Fermented Fish Feed Pellets with Tofu Waste

Tofu industrial waste has the potential to become an environmental pollutant when not treated optimally, so it needs proper treatment to minimize pollution. Fish farmers are expected to be able to innovate in terms of fish cultivation, so that harvest yields can be optimal to meet food needs. Furthermore, fermentation technology by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Rhyzopus oligosporus are potential fungi that can increase the nutritional value of waste. This research aimed to produce an appropriate technology to produce fish feed pellets from fermented Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Rhyzopus oligosporus based on waste. This research method was designed in the form of research using a completely randomized design with 4 treatments (P0 without microbes); (P1 given Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2 gr) and Rhyzopus oligosporus (2 gr); (P2 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1 gr) and Rhyzopus oligosporus (3 gr); (P3 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (3 gr) and Rhyzopus oligosporus (1 gr) with 3 replication. The research results showed that: there was an effect of variation in microbial community on the nutrient content of the Fermented Fish Feed Pellets with Tofu Waste. Treatment P1 gave the highest protein and β -glucan content. Production of fermented fish feed pellets waste-based feed for catfish is the implementation of waste product, which can be further developed to meet the quality of the feed produced.

Effect of Organic Fertilizer on Growth and Productivity of Ipomoea reptans Poir

Kangkung Darat (Ipomoea reptans Poir) is the vegetable that is popular and consumed by the community. Chemical fertilizers bring negative impacts on soil and consumer health, lead to change thewith liquid organic fertilizer from cattle dung and tofu industrial waste with floating raft hydroponic planting techniques. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of liquid organic fertilizer on the growth and productivity of Ipomoea reptans Poir. The research was conducted on the campus of the University of Nusa Nipa Indonesia. The research method, quantitative data collection using a Randomized Block Design (RAK) consisting of 5 treatments, namely P0 = 0% (control), P1 = 20%, P2 = 40%, P3 = 60%, P4 = 80%. Parameters observed were plant height, number of leaves and wet weight. The data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 16.0 with an advanced test, namely the DMRT (Duncan's Mutiple Range Test) test. The results showed that the application of liquid organic fertilizer from cow dung and tofu industrial waste had a significant effect on the growth and productivity of Ipomoea reptans Poir. The effects include the growth of plant height and number of leaves as well as the yield of Ipomoea reptans Poir including wet weight (fresh) with the best concentration of P2 treatment with 40% POC concentration This research provides benefits for the community, especially the potential as farmers to further motivate the use of liquid organic fertilizer made from cow dung and tofu waste to increase crop income and soil fertility.

PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN BIOAKTIVATOR EM-4 TERHADAP PRODUKSI BIOGAS DARI LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI TAHU

Tofu industrial waste is generally divided into two forms of waste, namely solid waste and liquid waste. The liquid waste of the tofu industry contains organic material that can be decomposed anaerobically into methane gas (CH4), other gases, and water which is commonly called biogas. One of the potential biocatalysts as a source of microorganisms in biogas production is Effective Microorganisms 4 (EM-4). This research was conducted by adding EM-4 with a concentration of 0.5%; 1%; and without EM-4 into 15 liters of tofu liquid waste in the digester for fermentation for 7 days. Observation of the pressure on the manometer seen from the difference in the height of the liquid manometer U and the combustion process was carried out on the 7th day (constant pressure). The maximum pressure of biogas for 7 days at 1% EM4 of 927,864 kg/m.s2 produces a blue flame, has an unpleasant odor, does not cause smoke with a fire height of 12,602 mm. So it can be concluded that the greater concentration of EM-4 used, the greater the pressure of biogas and fire

Pengembangan Booklet Pengolahan Limbah Industri Tahu Menggunakan SSF-Wetlands dengan Tanaman Eceng Gondok

Liquid waste generated from the tofu industry contains organic substances, namely 40%-60% protein, 25%-50% carbohydrates, 10% fat, and other suspended solids that can undergo physical, chemical, and biological changes to produce toxic substances. To overcome the pollution caused by the disposal of industrial liquid waste, research on the development of a tofu industrial waste treatment booklet using subsurface flow-wetlands was carried out with water hyacinth plants. This aims to improve the understanding and skills of tofu industry owners so that tofu industry owners can practice on their own about tofu industrial waste treatment after reading the booklet. This research method uses the Thiagarajan media development model, there are 4 stages, namely: definition, design, development, and disseminate. However, this research was carried out only until the development stage. The results of the validation assessment validation test from material experts obtained an assessment percentage of 86% and media experts obtained an assessment percentage of 82.85% with the achievement criteria being very suitable or very valid according to the BSNP criteria. In conclusion, the booklet developed has very interesting qualifications, is very appropriate, and is effective, and has few revisions. so that the booklet media is suitable to be used and disseminated as a media for outreach to the owners of the tofu industry.

Identification Soybean Processed Waste Environmental Impact and Management Alternatives (Case Study City of Jakarta Selatan)

Processed soybeans such as tempeh and tofu are some of the foods that the people of Indonesia favour. The Tempe and Tofu processing factory produce tofu with the essential soybean ingredients as much as 17 kg every day. The tofu production process starts from soybean immersion, grinding, boiling, filtering, compaction, moulding, cutting, to frying tofu. Production activities from the tofu industry will certainly produce solid and wastewater. These wastes can have a negative impact on the environment. Therefore, the waste must be managed and treated correctly to create an environmentally friendly industry and improve environmental quality. Tofu industry waste management and treatment can be done by identifying the generation of waste that is a priority to be treated and choosing waste treatment technology. There are three alternatives for wastewater treatment from the tofu industry: the chlorine in wastewater, ponds by forming biofilms using biofilter media, and Trickling Filters.

Utilization of tofu industrial waste treatment using bentonite

Seamanan District, West Jakarta has a tofu industrial center which is managed by the primary Indonesian tofu production cooperative (which will be used as an educational tourism area. This is caused by wastewater from the tofu industry which does not carry out processing before being discharged into water bodies. Departing from the existing problems, the community service team conducted counseling to tofu industry person and the surrounding community regarding the urgency of wastewater treatment and how to overcome it. Based on laboratory studies, the wastewater treatment of the Seamanan tofu industry using bentonite and PAC resulted in a TSS removal of 53% and a TDS reduction of 95%. In addition, the BOD and COD values can decrease significantly, namely BOD by 87% and COD by 84%. This shows that the wastewater treatment of the Seamanan tofu industry has reached the quality standard of the Minister of Environment Regulation 5/2014, with the raw materials used being economical and environmentally friendly.

The Potential of Tofu Liquid Waste and Rice Washing Wastewater as Cheap Growth Media for Trichoderma sp.

The tofu processing industry in Indonesia is massively increasing. The increasing activity of tofu production causes the disposal of tofu industrial waste to the environment to be higher as well. This condition is exacerbated by the fact that generally, the tofu industry producers do not have their appropriate tofu waste management system. The liquid waste generated from the tofu processing industry will be discharged directly into the waterways. Additionally, people in Indonesia generally use rice as their staple food. The rice washing process produces washing wastewater which is usually discharged into the environment directly. The disposal of these wastes raises the environmental pollution rate. Also, the tofu liquid waste and rice washing water contain some nutrients such as proteins, fats, carbohydrates, and vitamins. The presence of these nutrients will increase the population of pathogenic microbes in the environment. Thus, in this study, the authors discussed the potential of tofu wastewater and rice washing wastewater as alternative media for the growth of Trichoderma sp. Trichoderma sp. is an antagonistic fungus that can be used as a biocontrol agent for farmers. The use of waste as an alternative medium reduces the mass production and propagation cost of biological agents. In this study, this isolate was cultivated in tofu liquid waste and rice washing wastewater by adding a carbon source. Based on the research conducted, it was known that the average conidial density of Trichoderma sp. cultivated in tofu liquid waste was 2.9 x 106, while the conidial density of Trichoderma sp. cultivated in alternative rice washing wastewater was only 1.6 x 106. The growth of this isolate in tofu liquid waste was higher than rice washing water. It indicated that tofu liquid waste potentially to be used as a cheap alternative growth medium for Trichoderma sp.

The Study of Impact of Tofu Industrial Waste Treatment Plant on Value of Chemical Oxygen Demand Level in Residents Well of Central Lamper Village, Semarang-Indonesia

Background and Objective: The existence of a tofu waste treatment plant in residential areas and reports from the public about the unpleasant odor in several wells made residents worried about the impact of the intrusion of tofu waste treatment plant waste. This study aims to assess the impact of possible intrusion of waste from tofu waste treatment plants into residents' wells. 
 Methods: This type of research is descriptive with a survey method. Samples from the research site were analyzed in the laboratory by the titration method based on the value of chemical oxygen demand, compared with Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia No. 82 Th. 2001 concerning water quality management and water pollution control.
 Results: The results of the measurement of the chemical oxygen demand value of the Bajak river were 51.8 mg/L (starting point) and 238 mg/L (end point). The value of chemical oxygen demand in resident wells is as follows: resident well 1 of 12.2 mg/L, resident well 2 of 9.12 mg/L, resident well 3 of 3.05 mg/L, residential well 4 mg/L of 33.05 mg/L. L, resident well 5 is 3.05 mg/L, resident well 6 is 15.2 mg/L, resident well 7 is 27.4 mg/L and resident well 8 is 3.05 mg/L.
 Conclusion: The value of chemical oxygen demand in the Bajak river exceeds the quality standard, while the value of chemical oxygen demand in resident wells shows that the farther from the tofu waste treatment plant, the smaller the concentration value of chemical oxygen demand.

β-Glucans Production of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by Using Tofu Waste as Animal Feed Supplement

Tofu industrial waste has the potential to become contaminant when it is not maximum processed, so it needs appropriate treatment to minimize the occurrence of pollution. β-Glucans can be produced from the yeast cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.As a feed supplement, β-Glucans have been used for an immunostimulant because it can increase the immune system. This study aimed to establish a suitable technology to produce β-Glucans fromSaccharomyces cerevisiae by utilize tofu waste as feed supplement. The Completely Randomized Design (CRD) model was used in the experimental method. This study used an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) model.The treatment given wereP1: 1kg of tofu waste + 1kg of bran +0.2 kg fish meal + 0.2 lt molasses + 5.5 gSaccharomyces cerevisiae; P2: 1kg of tofu waste + 1kg of bran +0.2 kg fish meal + 0.2 lt molasses + 6.5 g Saccharomyces cerevisiae; P3: 1kg of tofu waste + 1kg bran + 0.2 kg fish meal +0.2 lt molasses + 7.5 g Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Each treatment was repeated 3 times, and fermented for five days.The results found that P1 by Saccharomyces cerevisiae 5.5 g was the best formulation to produced crude β-Glucans by weight of 25.9 g/kg of waste. Production of β-Glucans as an animal feed supplement is a waste-based feed technology development which is expected to increase livestock production both in quality and quantity.