Parents Of Toddlers Research Articles

The Impact of Child Injury Prevention Package (CIPP) on Injury Prevention in Toddler

Injuries are a cause of morbidity and mortality in children under five. In Indonesia, the prevalence of injuries to children under five in 2013 was 8.5%, and in 2018, it was 8.2%. Injuries to toddlers derive from not-yet-optimal levels of development, high curiosity, lack of gross motor coordination, and the ability to anticipate danger. Nurses can provide anticipatory guidance to parents to increase parental understanding and prevent injuries to toddlers. The research aimed to determine the effect of CIPP on injury prevention in toddlers. The research method used the One group pre and post-test design with the population of all toddlers in the Puskesmas (Community Health Centre) Rajabasa Indah working area. The research sample using Proportional Random Sampling was 120 parents of toddlers. Data collection was done through interviews using screening cards. Data were analyzed using proportions and a T-test. The results of toddler characteristics were male (55.83%), toddler (55.83%), and standard nutritional status (70.8%). The proportion of toddlers who experienced injuries was 41.66%, and the most frequently experienced injuries were falls (37.5%). There was a significant difference in the mean value of knowledge about injury prevention in toddlers (p-value=0.000), environmental modification (p-value=0.000), and injury incidences in toddlers (p-value=0.000) before and after the anticipatory guidance intervention using CIPP. It is recommended to integrate CIPP into toddler health promotion, socialize CIPP with parents, cadres and kindergarten teachers, and develop CIPP-Android based applications.

Fathers’ and Mothers’ Socialization Goals for Their Young Children: Similarities, Differences, and Couple Agreement

SYNOPSIS Objective. We examined similarities and differences in Hispanic and non-Hispanic fathers’ and mothers’ socialization goals—the qualities that parents desire their children to develop—in two U.S. samples. Design. A total of 442 parents of toddlers (49% fathers; N = 76 parents in Sample 1; N = 366 parents in Sample 2), from 255 English- and Spanish-speaking households (N = 49 families in Sample 1; N = 206 families in Sample 2) ranked a list of 15 child qualities—modified from Harwood et al.’s (1996) foundational concepts of socialization goals (Achievement; Self-Maximization; Connectedness; Proper Demeanor)—in order of importance. We compared average rankings of each goal for fathers and mothers, tested associations between fathers’ and mothers’ rankings within a family (i.e. agreement), and examined the sociocultural correlates of parents’ rankings and agreement. Results. In both samples, fathers and mothers uniformly ranked qualities associated with both individualism and collectivism as highest in importance, along with honesty. At the group level, fathers’ and mothers’ relative rankings of socialization goals did not differ in either sample, but parent-child gender combinations (e.g. father-son versus mother-daughter) revealed differences and parents’ education consistently related to parents’ socialization goals. At the family level, father-mother agreement was moderate on average, with striking variation among dyads. Dyad agreement was not associated with the degree of match between parents in education, ethnicity, or age. Conclusions. Fathers and mothers as a group show high similarity in the qualities that they consider important for their children to develop but with large individual differences for father-mother pairs. The qualities parents emphasize for their children, and their agreement around those qualities, may have implications for parenting practices and the coparenting relationship. Findings underscore the value of scientific replication and considerations of how sample demographics, such as parent education, may shape parents’ views for children.

Early Detection and Stimulation of Growth and Development in Toddlers in Sidorahayu Wagir Village, Malang Regency

Early age, especially the first 1000 days of life, is an important time for brain development, which includes physical, language, cognitive and socio-emotional development. Screening is just a routine procedure in daily child growth and development checks, which can provide clues if there is something that needs attention. The aim of this service is to detect early growth and development disorders in toddlers and provide education to cadres and parents about the importance of regularly checking their children's growth and development and the importance of providing stimulation. The target of this activity is cadres and parents of toddlers who have toddlers aged 3-60 months. The method used in the activity is the KPSP child growth and development detection instrument and to increase parents' knowledge about growth and development, it is carried out through counseling, question and answer discussions and demonstrations on how to stimulate children's growth and development. The results of early detection of growth assessment using the WHO curve showed that 27 children (90%) were of normal stature and normal nutrition and 3 children (10%) were malnourished. For examining children's development using the KPSP instrument, the results were 25 children (83%), with appropriate development. and 5 children (17%) with questionable development. Providing education related to growth and development and stimulation for toddlers is important for cadres and parents in an effort to optimize the growth and development of toddlers to welcome the golden generation.

The Impact of Video Based Health Education on Sundanese Mothers Perceptions of Parenting Practices for Toddlers

Introduction: Parenting during infancy and toddlerhood plays a crucial role in shaping children's physical, social, and intellectual development, with effective parenting during these early years having long-lasting effects on a child’s health and independence. Cultural values and family traditions influence parenting practices, and educational media, such as videos, can improve perceptions and behaviors by engaging audiences and providing relevant, contextual information. Objective: This study aims to determine the influence of health education through video media on the perception of mothers with infants under five about parenting patterns in the Sundanese ethnicity in Cikunir Village. Method: This quantitative study employs a quasi-experimental design to assess the impact of video-based health education on mothers' perceptions of toddler parenting. The population consists of mothers with children aged 0-60 months in Cikunir Village, with purposive sampling used to select 57 participants. Data were presented in tables, and descriptive and analytical analysis was performed using pre-test and post-test questionnaires. Result: Statistical analysis revealed a significant effect of health education on mothers' perceptions, with a p-value of 0.000, indicating a statistically significant result (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Health education through video media significantly influences mothers' perceptions of parenting patterns in the Sundanese ethnic group. Early intervention in child growth and stunting prevention is essential for promoting age-appropriate development in infants.

FEASIBILITY OF EDUCATIONAL MEDIA FOR STIMULATION OF TODDLER DEVELOPMENT WITH SNAKE AND LADDER GAMES

This research was carried out to stimulate the development of toddlers with educational media for snake and ladder games. This is necessary because if a child does not develop properly, it will experience delays in emotional, social, spiritual, intellectual and moral development. Research that has been carried out previously using various media. Unfortunately, the media is mostly carried out individually and even though some are in groups, it is only one direction. Therefore, this study seeks to stimulate the development of toddlers with educational media of snake and ladder games in an effort to increase knowledge about stimulation of toddler development because it has advantages, applied in groups so that it is more interactive. The goal is to determine the feasibility of stimulating the development of toddlers with educational media for snake and ladder games. The method used is Research and Development, which refers to the Instructional Design research and development model with the ADDIE approach. Validation of material experts is carried out by pediatricians, lecturers and midwives of the Health Center. Product implementation to users, namely parents of toddlers. Conclusion for educational media to stimulate toddler development with snake and ladder games is declared feasible to use, an alternative educational media with a percentage of 92%.

The prospective impact of extradyadic stress on depressive symptoms and the mediating role of intradyadic stress in parents-an actor-partner interdependence mediation model.

Stress outside of the couple relationship (extradyadic stress) can spill over into the couple relationship, increasing stress between the partners (intradyadic stress). Extra- and intradyadic stress are furthermore associated with depressive symptoms. Due to the interdependence of romantic partners, this study aimed to investigate the influence of the person's own and their partner's extra- and intradyadic stress on the person's depressive symptoms in parents of toddlers. The second aim was to evaluate whether intradyadic stress mediates the within-person and between-partner association between extradyadic stress and depressive symptoms. Longitudinal data of a community sample of 878 opposite-sex couples, participating in the prospective cohort study DREAM, were collected two and three years after birth. Extra- and intradyadic stress were assessed by the Multidimensional Stress Questionnaire for Couples and depressive symptoms were assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. An actor-partner interdependence mediation model was applied to the data, while controlling for the confounder academic degree. The person's own extradyadic stress predicted their depressive symptoms one year later, partially mediated by their intradyadic stress. The partner's extradyadic stress and the person's own depressive symptoms one year later were only indirectly associated through the person's own intradyadic stress. In a sensitivity analysis, between-partner effects were no longer significant after including autoregressive pathways. Our findings highlight the importance of the extradyadic-intradyadic stress spillover for the mental health of women and men with young children. Early targeted interventions could help to prevent later depressive symptoms by reducing stress inside the couple relationship that results from both partners' stress from outside the couple relationship.

Behavioral feeding problems and parenting stress in toddlers with food protein–induced allergic proctocolitis

BackgroundFood protein–induced allergic proctocolitis (FPIAP) typically develops in infancy, a critical period for taste preference and feeding skill development. Eliminating culprit foods, along with limited food options and the child's distressing symptoms, can significantly impact the mothers' parenting roles. However, research on behavioral feeding problems and parenting stress in toddlers with FPIAP is lacking. ObjectiveTo assess feeding behaviors and parenting stress levels in toddlers with FPIAP compared with healthy controls. MethodsIn this case-control study, parents of toddlers with FPIAP (n = 89) and healthy controls (n = 93) completed a socio-demographic form, the Behavioral Pediatrics Feeding Assessment Scale (BPFAS), and the Parenting Stress Index–Short Form. ResultsThere were 75% percent of toddlers with FPIAP who had single food allergies, and cow's milk (95.5%) was the most common trigger. Children with FPIAP initiated complementary feeding later than controls (P = .001) and preferred vegetables (P < .001). They experienced more challenges during the transition to complementary foods (P < .001). Whereas BPFAS total and child-related frequency and restriction scores were similar between groups (P > .05), the FPIAP group had significantly higher parent-related frequency, total problem, child-related problem, parent-related problem, and poor strategies scores (P < .05). In addition, the FPIAP group exhibited higher levels of parental distress, parent-child dysfunctional interaction, difficult child, and total stress scores (P < .001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that increased maternal total stress scores were associated with higher BPFAS total frequency scores (≥85) (odds ratio [OR]: 1.065, 95% CI: 1.031-1.101, P < .001) and total problem scores (≥10) (OR: 1.049, 95% CI: 1.021-1.077, P < .001). In addition, following social media accounts related to allergic proctocolitis was negatively associated with having higher BPFAS total frequency scores (≥85) (OR: 0.253, 95% CI: 0.073-0.878, P = .030). ConclusionToddlers with FPIAP and their parents experience greater mealtime challenges compared with healthy controls, correlating with higher levels of parenting stress. Clinicians should recognize and address these challenges.

Evaluation of the Beneficial Parenting Partnership Model Assimilation in Parent-Infant Centers

Abstract Background The Beneficial Parenting Partnership (BPP) model is being implemented in Parent-Infant Centers (PIC) across Israel to improve the partnership skills of PIC nurses when working with parents, promote child development, and enhance parental well-being. This initiative is being led by the Israeli Ministry of Health, Goshen NGO, and Lotem company and is supported by the Yad Hanadiv and Bernard van Lear foundations. Methods The first data collection (T1) was held from December 2022 to January 2023 among 706 parents of children aged two weeks to 36 months (M = 8.17 months, SD = 7.48) who visited one of 18 PICs. Research assistants approached the parents and asked for their agreement to fill in the study questionnaire. Of these, 328 parents agreed to participate in the follow-up study (T2) held in January-February 2024 using a telephone survey. Differences in the parent’s satisfaction, visit experience, and parental well-being were assessed using parried sample T-tests. A linear regression model was calculated to assess the factors predicting the increase in the parent’s visit satisfaction. Results Significant differences were measured between T1 and T2 in parental satisfaction (M = 4.51 and 4.71 retrospectively, P &amp;lt; 0.001), parental positive visit experience (M = 4.58 and 4.68 retrospectively, P = 0.019), and parental well-being (M = 3.81 and 3.97 retrospectively, P &amp;lt; 0.001). Findings suggest a marked improvement in satisfaction, visit experience, and reported well-being after a year of BPP model assimilation among PIC nurses. The regression model, explaining 42% of the variance in increased parental satisfaction, indicated that a higher increase could be predicted by a higher increase in positive visit experience and a higher trust level in the PIC nurse at T1. Conclusions The BPP model’s assimilation among Israeli PIC nurses was successful, resulting in improved parent experience, satisfaction, and well-being. Key messages • The Beneficial Parenting Partnership model is well-suited for implementation among nurses working with parents of babies and toddlers to promote collaborative nurse-parent communication. • During routine meetings at Parent-Infant Centers, nurses can act as a catalyst for promoting parental well-being.

Sensory-processing sensitivity, parenting styles, and adult attachment patterns in parents of young children

ABSTRACT Background Increased sensitivity to internal and external stimuli, known as sensory-processing sensitivity (SPS), has been linked to attachment insecurity and less optimal parenting styles in parents of children aged 4–13 years. Associations between these parenting factors in parents of children aged 3 years and younger have not yet been investigated. Understanding the relationships between these factors will facilitate the development of strategies to better support highly sensitive parents. Methods A sample of 153 parents of children aged 3 years and younger completed an online survey comprising standardised measures of SPS, attachment, and infant parenting styles. The underlying factor structure of the Infancy Parenting Styles Questionnaire was investigated. Results Factor analysis identified 33 items loading onto five factors: Discipline, Routine, Anxiety, Nurturance, and Involvement, with moderate to high reliability. SPS was positively correlated with parenting anxiety, attachment anxiety, and attachment avoidance, but did not predict parenting style. Younger parent age was associate with more insecure attachment styles. Multivariate regression analyses revealed that variability in parenting anxiety was predicted only by attachment anxiety and having fewer children. Conclusion While SPS was not seen to predict parenting anxiety, relationships between SPS, parenting anxiety, and insecure attachment suggest that strategies tailored to SPS would support highly sensitive parents to care for their children and promote improved parent–child relationships. These strategies may therefore be a beneficial addition to attachment-based parenting programs. Further studies using the Toddler Parenting Styles Questionnaire (TPSQ) are needed to identify optimal parenting styles for parents of infants and toddlers.

An early parenting intervention focused on enriched parent-child interactions improves effortful control in the early years of school.

This study examined long-term mediating effects of the smalltalk parenting intervention on children's effortful control at school age (7.5 years; 2016-2018). In 2010-2012, parents (96% female) of toddlers (N = 1201; aged 12-36 months; 52% female) were randomly assigned to either: standard playgroup, smalltalk playgroup (group-only), or smalltalk playgroup with additional home coaching (smalltalk plus). Multi-informant data indicated that smalltalk plus had unique indirect effects on children's effortful control, through parents' capacity to 'maintain and extend' children's focus during joint interactions. Possible mediating pathways via parent verbal responsivity, home learning activities, and descriptive language use were not supported. When parents received a structured playgroup program with additional home coaching, sustainable benefits were evident in children's self-regulation, assessed in the early school years.

Digitalisasi Pendataan Balita Posyandu Kasuari Dusun Sono untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Monitoring dan Pelaporan Kesehatan Balita

Public Health Services Kasuari is located in Sono Village, Wedomartani, Sleman, Yogyakarta. This health service has regular health check services to monitor and record baby’s growth every 35 days. Some volunteers write the health record manually using a health card which was prone to damage or loss. Through a community empowerment program, we offer a web-based information system, named posyanduku.net, for recording baby’s health record. The purpose of this information system is to replace a physical card, reducing the risk of losing and damaging the health record. Furthermore, it can increase the accessibility of the health record by providing access to parents and other stakeholders. The data entry starts from the volunteers to entry health records during the health check process. Parents of toddlers can monitor their child’s growth online. After developing posyanduku.net, the team held socialization to the users, such as volunteers and parents. We also provide a user manual to help users to learn on how to use the system. To assess its functionality and effectiveness, we conducted an evaluation by distributing a questionnaire to 16 participants (6 volunteers and 10 parents). According to the questionnaire response, we found that either parents and volunteers perceive that the system is easy to use and useful to administer the toddlers health record. Keywords — public health service, health record, toddlers health record, information system, healthcare information

Impact of Picky Eating Behavior on Nutritional Status in Toddlers Aged 24-59 Months Using Weight and Height Measurements at Bone Health Center, Muna Regency

Introduction: One of the Health Centers in Muna Regency, namely Bone Health Center, has 1.6% very thin toddlers, 7.4% thin toddlers, 0.5% very short toddlers, 5.7% short toddlers, 6.4% malnourished toddlers, 8.7% undernourished toddlers, 0.2% obese toddlers. Eating problems in children, one of which is picky eating which is a factor influencing the nutritional status of children. Generally, in children who behave picky, or choose food, there will be inadequacy of food intake. Based on this background, researchers are interested in conducting research on the relationship between picky eating behavior and nutritional status in toddlers aged 24-59 years based on Weight/Height at the Bone Health Center, Muna Regency Method: Using quantitative research methods with a cross-sectional approach, the population was 566 and the sample was 228 toddlers aged 24-59 months using the Lameshow formula in determining the sample. Data collection by interview using a questionnaire. Result: X2 count is .468 &lt; X2 table is 3.841, so there is no relationship between picky eating and nutritional status based on Weight/Height in the Bone Health Center area, Muna Regency. Conclusion: The Health Center as a health service provider should increase outreach to the community and maximize monitoring and improvement of nutrition together with parents of toddlers, especially in the Bone Health Center area.

Understanding parental preference for childcare: a cross-sectional study in Chongqing, China.

This study analyzed the factors influencing childcare preference and the relationship between childcare preference and childcare service demand scale, using data collected from a questionnaire survey of 3,921 parents of infants and toddlers in Chongqing, China. The results indicate that parents with higher incomes, higher education levels, older ages, multiple infants, and dual-career living in urban areas have a stronger preference for childcare. In the shared or grandparent care model, the childcare preference is not obvious. Parents of infants tend to choose childcare institutions that provide reception services, early education, and convenience services. Higher quality environmental facilities tend to reduce the preference of parents for childcare.

Parental Perception of Vulnerability, Child’s Temperament, and Health Locus of Control: Who Made You Boo-Boo?

Background: In Pakistan, where unintentional injuries among toddlers pose a significant public health challenge, understanding the factors that contribute to elevated injury risks is crucial. A two-dimensional approach including parental factors (internal/external health locus of control and perceived vulnerability) and child factors (the child’s temperament) is explored as contributing to the unintentional injury behaviors of toddlers. Method: The study involved 241 parents of toddlers aged 18–36 months from daycare centers in three major Pakistani cities who had observed multiple recent injuries in their children. The comprehensive online assessment, lasting 15–20 minutes, incorporated the child vulnerability scale, injury behavior checklist, parent health locus of control questionnaire, and early childhood behavior questionnaire. Demographic details included child and parent age distributions, with a focus on educational backgrounds. The participants comprised both fathers and mothers, and the data analysis employed Smart-PLS software for structural equation modeling. Result: The results suggested there is no direct relationship between parental health locus of control (internal/external) and injury behaviors in children. However, an indirect and significant path was observed from the parental health locus of control (internal/external) to perceived child vulnerability and injury behaviors through moderation of temperamental characteristics. Conclusion: Our research underscores the indirect link between parental factors, child temperament, and toddler injuries in Pakistan. Culturally sensitive interventions targeting parental awareness can play a pivotal role in safeguarding the well-being of the youngest members of society.

Overview of Organizational Factors on Cadre Performance in the Implementation of Posyandu Toddler

Cadres at Sucopangepok village play a crucial role in reducing stunting by educating about essential practices for toddlers, such as exclusive breastfeeding, proper complementary feeding, and maintaining hygiene to ensure adequate nutrition and prevent infections. The cadres offer health nutrition education to pregnant women and parents of toddlers by monitoring their growth at the posyandu, helping to detect stunting early. They serve as the primary line of defense in improving public health, as they understand their community's characteristics. This study aimed to describe organizational factors on performance in implementing posyandu for toddlers. This study used descriptive research to describe organizational factors including infrastructure, rewards, job design, and leadership on cadre performance. Involved 45 cadres as respondents taken by total sampling. Data was collected using interviews questionnaires, observation, and documentation, then the data was analyzed using descriptive data analysis which will describe the characteristics of each. Facilities infrastructure and work design have good results even though in the facilities and infrastructure, there are facilities that need to be replaced and repaired. The rewards in the category are inappropriate. Leadership is in the adequate category due to the lack of closeness between the leader and the cadres. Cadre's performance during toddler posyandu activities showed promising results. The description of organizational factors in facilities and infrastructure and job design is good, rewards in the category are inappropriate, and leadership is in the adequate category with good cadre performance.

ANALYSIS OF INFANT MORTALITY IN THE WORKING AREA OF NORTH MUSI RAWAS REGENCY IN 2024

Infant deaths are caused by the top three causes of death, namely LBW, asphyxia and infection. Meanwhile, the highest cause of other neonatal deaths was caused by intrapulmonary complications such as respiratory and cardiovascular disorders. This research aims to determine the picture of infant mortality in the working area of ​​North Musi Rawas Regency in 2024. The design of this research is quantitative with a case control approach. The population in this study were all mothers who gave birth in North Musi Rawas Regency in January 2023. The sample in this study was 99 people, with sampling using case and control 3:1. Namely cases as many as 33 respondents and controls as many as 66 respondents, with the inclusion criteria being willing to become respondents by filling out a consent form, and parents of toddlers. This research was carried out on March 30 - April 29 2024. Primary data was collected by interviews using questionnaires. Bivariate data analysis used the Chi-Square test. The results of the study showed that there was a relationship between birth attendant (p value 0.01), place of delivery (p value 0.002), birth weight (p value 0.006), ANC visits (p value 0.00), and comorbidities (p value 0, 00) with the incidence of infant deaths in the working area of ​​North Musi Rawas Regency in 2024. The most dominant factor in the incidence of infant deaths in the working area of ​​North Musi Rawas Regency in 2024, namely birth weight (p value 0.004) (OR 0.261). The conclusion is that there is a relationship between birth attendants, place of delivery, birth weight, ANC visits and comorbidities. The Health Service should coordinate with the Community Health Center to carry out scheduled posyandu activities.

PMT Puding Buah Naga pada Bayi Sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Stunting di Desa Sambau Kepulauan Riau

Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem commonly occurring in children under five in developing countries, including Indonesia. Providing additional food to babies is the main strategy to prevent stunting from an early age. This activity aims to explore the practice and impact of providing additional food to babies as part of efforts to prevent stunting. The methods used were literature studies, location surveys, lectures, and demonstrations on making dragon fruit PMT. All community service activities have been carried out according to the schedule and planning. Community service activities were carried out in Sambau Village, Riau Islands, which were attended by cadres and several parents of toddlers and parents of stunted babies. Cadres and parents can find out what types of food can improve family nutrition, especially babies aged 6 monts-2 years who are malnourished or malnourished. By carrying out this activity, it is hoped that cadres and parents can practice what is taught to meet the nutritional value of babies at home.

Evaluating Existing Mobile Apps for Toddler Parenting: Recommendations for Future App Developers

Background: As the number of smartphones in use rises, more parents are turning to mobile applications for parenting guidance. However, identifying quality apps for guidance on child development can be challenging for parents. Objective: This study evaluated existing mobile applications to disseminate important parenting information among Indian parents using a structured analysis method. Methodology: This app analysis study aimed to document the basic and special features of toddler parenting apps in India available to parents as they promote their child's development and health. To understand the accessibility and quality of apps for toddler parents, we conducted an analysis of apps in the Google Play Store. The Google Play Store was searched for available parenting apps using different search terms such as mom, mother, mommy, father, dad, papa, daddy, baby, kid, toddler, child, children, parent, and parenting. We screened 138 apps and evaluated 40 that met the criteria for their features and usability. Results: We found that a great number of toddler parenting apps are available, but most of the apps had foreign regions of origin (50%). The information is in English language (65%) and the apps are mostly non-interactive (60%). Conclusion: The study addresses a crucial gap in the availability and quality of mobile applications tailored for toddler parenting, specifically in the Indian context. By evaluating and highlighting the shortcomings of existing apps, the study provides valuable insights that can inform the development of more effective, culturally relevant, and interactive parenting tools. The findings also emphasize the need for localized content, which is vital for enhancing parenting practices and child development.

The Effect of Health Literacy using Digital Media on the Knowledge of Parents of Toddlers in Preventing the Transmission of Childhood Tuberculosis in Bunguran Timur Sub-District, Natuna District

The Effect of Health Literacy using Digital Media on the Knowledge of Parents of Toddlers in Preventing the Transmission of Childhood Tuberculosis in Bunguran Timur Sub-District, Natuna District

Evaluation of change in knowledge, attitude, and practice of medical students towards early childhood oral health following educational intervention

Medical health professionals have the opportunity to influence the oral health of children, as they are the first health professionals to come in contact with expectant mothers and parents of infants and toddlers. Aim: To evaluate and compare undergraduate medical students’ knowledge, attitude, and practice about early childhood oral health care before and after educational intervention. Methods: A cohort study was conducted among undergraduate medical students during their course. The baseline knowledge and attitude of 80 medical students were evaluated using a validated questionnaire (Phase I). Following, they completed 8 hours of educational intervention and their change in the knowledge and attitude was reassessed (Phase II). The intervention continued through web-based learning till they reached their residency. The students’ knowledge, attitude, and practice were again reassessed at the end of their residency (Phase III). Results: Knowledge: There was a significant increase in the knowledge about the term gum pads, from 70% in Phase I to 90% in Phase III. Only 30% of medical students knew that the oral cavity of a newborn was devoid of microorganisms during Phase I, but this knowledge improved to 86% in Phase III. Almost 58 to 90% of the medical students had a basic knowledge of the influence of high caries on mothers, the importance and benefit of antenatal counselling, and the effect of poor maternal health. In Phase I, although 92% were aware of the multifactorial pattern of dental caries, only 42% and 53% knew the causative organism and transmissibility of it from mother to child, respectively. Around 77% and 62% agreed that antenatal counselling and counselling on feeding and weaning, respectively, will prevent ECC. Attitude: The attitude towards treating primary teeth was less (66%) in Phase I, subsequently increasing to 100% at the end of Phase III. Practice: Following Phase III, most of them (88%) examined the child’s oral cavity during routine medical checkups in the Knee-to-Knee position (93%) and counted the number of teeth present (91%), and they were able to identify the dental carious teeth (88%). Conclusion: The medical curriculum should include a module on early childhood oral health.