Today's Training Research Articles

Teaching Medical Procedural Skills for Performance.

Procedures are a core element of medical professional practice. Today's training approach was formulated in the mid-twentieth century based on a computer analogue of the brain. Despite minor modifications, the system has remained relatively unchanged for the past 70 years. It delivers competence. However, competence is not reliable performance. The inability to adapt to the variety of patients and variations in the performance environments, such as the operating room, results in patient morbidity and mortality. There is a need for changes in the development and training of medical procedural skills based on current theories of skill acquisition, movement theory, and motor control. Achieving optimal performance necessitates the ability to adapt through training in diverse patient and performance environments rather than merely imitating prescribed movements. We propose a novel model of training, the Constraints-Led Approach, which allows for robust training by altering the factors affecting skill acquisition and lifelong learning.

PRACTICAL APPROACH IN DELIVERING THEME "AUTONOMIC REFLEXES AND THEIR CLINICAL APPLICATION" AT THE DEPARTMENT OF PHYSIOLOGY, POLTEVE STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

In the system of higher medical education, physiology is a fundamental discipline and occupies an important place in the system of training highly qualified medical specialists. In the system of higher medical education, physiology stands as a cornerstone discipline, holding a pivotal role in shaping the competencies of future medical professionals. The scientific and pedagogical staff at the Department of Physiology, Poltava State Medical University, is dedicated to nurturing students' capacity to analyze and synthesize both theoretical and practical knowledge, laying the groundwork for clinical acumen in future specialists. This article presents a hands-on approach to teaching the topic "Autonomic Reflexes and Their Clinical Applications" within the contemporary educational landscape, targeting second-year master's and first-year bachelor's students. Highlighting the practical significance of this topic in the future medical practice, it underscores how mastering autonomic reflexes equips students with the skills to influence internal organ activity and administer emergency medical care. Such an approach not only fosters student engagement with the subject matter but also cultivates a deeper appreciation for physiology as a whole. The article outlines the instructional principles, spanning from theoretical discourse to practical exercises, emphasizing the integral role of physiology in higher medical education. By advocating for the study of physiology as a foundational science, the article underscores its role in fostering interdisciplinary integration and shaping clinical reasoning—an essential aspect of quality medical training in today's educational landscape.

The Role of Office Administration Education in the Digital Age

This article aims to provide knowledge and understanding about office administration training in today's digital age. Especially related to the capacity of managers in the field of office administration in the information age marked by digital technology. This study uses a deductive method. The method of discussion through observing the phenomenon of office administrative activities taking place in the field then involves theories and different perspectives expressed by experts in the field of administration and those who observe developments. technology development offered, as well as training for employees and office management games. Play an active role in every organization, because professional management of office administration will help organizational leaders have accurate, precise and timely data as a basis for decision making. The importance of the role of information in this digital age has led people to often refer to today's conditions as the information age. Deviating from that reality, each organization must position the office administration field accordingly.

ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ОНЛАЙН-РЕСУРСІВ У ВИКЛАДАННІ НІМЕЦЬКОЇ МОВИ ПРОФЕСІЙНОГО СПРЯМУВАННЯ СТУДЕНТАМ ЕКОНОМІЧНИХ СПЕЦІАЛЬНОСТЕЙ

Innovative approaches to teaching foreign languages based on the use of online resources have the potential to solve this problem and prepare students for the challenges of today's competitive world. At the international level, interest in foreign languages is also growing. The importance of numerous profession-oriented language teaching is increasing and this is of course making ever higher demands foreign language (subject) teaching. The need for foreign language skills at work is rising very quickly and thus gaining adequate specialist language training in today's times is of importance. Communication skills play an important role here. A receptive specialist communicative competence in German is present, if he/she is able, on the basis of a technical text, to draw on the knowledge of his field of expertise to his information needs to be expanded accordingly. In this sense, the area of exploitation of Internet resources is of particular importance. The use of virtual reality creates animmersive learning environment that simulates real-life situations, promotes individualization, and ensures active learning. Online resources provide opportunities for targeted and practical use of the language, ensure effective student interaction, and support independent learning. These innovative methods allow teachers to create structured and dynamic lessons that keep students engaged. The purpose of the study was to investigate the problem of using modern Internet resources in teaching a foreign language for Specific Purposes. Specific research objectives were aimed at addressing the following questions: what types of online resources are most productive for effective linguistic work; whether the analyzed sources are suitable for use in ESP classes; how to adapt existing online resources for students of economic specialties.

Cooperation between the health visitor and the physician as one of the pillars of the 108-year-old Hungarian Health Visitor Service

Despite the more than 100-year history of the Hungarian Health Visitor Service, no study has yet been carried out that looked back at the cooperation between health visitors and physicians. Our aim was 1) to explore the professional advances of the health visitor service and the cooperation between health visitor and physician by examining historical documents, legal and professional regulations governing the work of health visitor, furthermore, 2) to investigate whether there are compulsory training elements in today's training for health visitors that prepare students for health visitor and physician collaboration, moreover, 3) to search for old tools and documents used by health visitors and doctors in the North-West of Transdanubia. A literature search was carried out to identify documents relating to the development of the work of health visitors, the cooperation between health visitors and physicians, past and current legal and professional regulations, the current regulation on training of health visitors. Through field research, we tracked down old tools and documents of health visitors and physicians. The establishment of the Hungarian Health Visitor Service is associated with the names of professors of medicine. The historical documents and regulations testify the development of the work of the health visitor, the expansion of her competences and the importance of the health visitor and physician cooperation. The training competences required for the cooperation between health visitors and physicians, health visitors and specialists are regulated by the regulation on training of health visitors. We have found many old objects and documents used in the work of the health visitor and doctor. The documents that have preserved almost invariably describe the health visitor as a person working alongside the physician, in cooperation with the physician. Nowadays, the regulation of cooperation covers for all specialties in the field of health visitor. Based on our research, it is fair to say that the health visitor-physician cooperation is an important pillar of the 108-year-old Hungarian Health Visitor Service. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(33): 1311-1318.

High-Order Questions Improve Students' Critical Thinking Skills In Elementary Schools

Critical thinking is an essential and well-established skill for meeting workers' demands in the 21st century. In today's era, teaching and training students in critical thinking skills, even from elementary school, is essential. However, there are still many students who have low critical thinking skills. This study aims to analyze and describe the effect of the effectiveness of high-level questions in developing students' critical thinking skills in elementary schools. The research method used a one-group pretest and posttest experimental design, which was carried out in three elementary schools. The population of this study was three teachers and 102 students. Instruments in this quantitative research include questionnaires, observations, and interview guidelines. Data analysis techniques in this study are descriptive qualitative and quantitative analysis and inferential statistics. The study results showed a significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores of the students obtained from the results of studying the high-level questions. Second, high-level questions are practical for developing elementary school students critical thinking skills. It is concluded that high-order questions can improve critical thinking skills in elementary school students.

Addressing the Works of World Literature with Radio Play Application

In the study, within the scope of World Literature course, radio play adaptations of works from French and Russian literatures were vocalized by pre-service teachers and tried to be presented in radio play format. In this regard, the aim of the research is to address the attitudes of pre-service teachers who experience preparing radio plays towards collaborative studies and their perception of information communication technologies competence levels. In addition, the thoughts of pre-service teachers about whether they enjoy the work of preparing radio plays, vocalizing, getting to know the work closely, and getting to know the author closely were also discussed. It is thought that the research will contribute to getting to know the literary work, the author and the characteristics of the period in which it emerged through radio plays, learning by doing and experiencing, learning permanently and with pleasure, increasing motivation and contributing to speaking skills. Because in today's education and training environments, rather than transferring knowledge, students are expected to be involved in the education and training process in which they are active, access information in creative ways, construct knowledge, learn collaboratively and interactively. In the study, qualitative and quantitative data were collected and mixed method was used. The study group of the research consists of pre-service teachers taking the World Literature course. "Cooperative Learning Scale" and "Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) Competence Perception Scale" were used as data collection tools. The findings obtained as a result of the research indicate that pre-service teachers' perceptions of collaborative studies for preparing radio plays are at a "high" level; their mean scores of ICT competence perception are at a "sufficient" level; there is no significant difference in their attitudes towards collaborative learning and their perceptions of competence in using ICT according to gender. Most of the pre-service teachers stated that it was their first time doing such an application. Regarding the qualitative findings, the students stated that they enjoyed the radio play very much, that this application contributed to them to get to know the work closely, that they had the opportunity to get to know the work more closely, and that they were curious about the other works and life of the author. More students stated that going beyond just knowing the work as a name and giving life to a character in the work ensured the permanence of the work and what was learned. They also stated that they learned about new applications related to technology through the radio play they experienced and that they saw their deficiencies related to technology.

Design of Psychological Well-Being Education Environment Scheme Based on Deep Learning Theory.

This paper discusses the structure of psychological well-being education programmes in higher education institutions based on an analysis of the connotation and characteristics of deep learning theory, as well as the background of today's talent training requirements, the psychological traits of contemporary students, and the practical requirements of the teaching reform of psychological well-being education courses in higher education institutions. A model for evaluating the psychological well-being of college students based on BPNN is presented in this paper, which also addresses the current severe shortage of full-time psychological counsellors. Additionally, the traditional BPNN is optimised by GA, and the resulting NN can better achieve the desired effect, demonstrating the viability of BPNN. It enables the psychological well-being of college students to be self-diagnosed online and significantly lessens the workload of psychological counselling institutions in higher education. According to the experimental findings, the optimised algorithm's accuracy can reach 92.47 percent, and it is considered to be reliable. This study not only offers a novel approach to nonlinear data processing, but also paves the way for variable screening in the presence of an ambiguous structure. Additionally, in a limited sense, it offers insightful research for psychological education in higher education institutions.

Transformation of neurosurgical training from “see one, do one, teach one” to AR/VR & simulation – A survey by the EANS Young Neurosurgeons

IntroductionModern technologies are increasingly applied in neurosurgical resident training. To date, no data are available regarding how frequently these are used in the training of neurosurgeons, and what the perceived value of this technology is. Research questionThe aim was to benchmark the objective as well as subjective experience with modern- and conventional training technologies. Material and methodsThe EANS Young Neurosurgeons Committee designed a 12-item survey. It was distributed to neurosurgical residents and board-certified neurosurgeons between 6th of February and April 13, 2022. ResultsWe considered 543 survey responses for analysis. Most participants (67%) indicated not having gained any training experience with modern technology. Most (40.7%) indicated lack of any modern or conventional training technology. Cadaver training was available to 27.6% while all modern training technology to <10%. Participants from countries with high gross domestic product per capita had more access to modern training technologies (p ​< ​0.001). The perceived value of the different technologies was highest for hands-on OR training, followed by cadaver lab. The value of these was rated higher, compared to all modern technologies (p ​< ​0.001). Discussion and conclusionOur survey reveals that cadaver labs are used more frequently than modern technologies for today's neurosurgical training. Hands-on training in the operating room (OR) was rated significantly more valuable than any conventional and modern training technology. Our data hence suggest that while modern technologies are well perceived and can surely add to the training of neurosurgeons, it remains critical to ensure sufficient OR exposure.

TOOLS SUPPORT E-LEARNING: A REVIEW

Nowadays, the internet is becoming more user-centric, allowing for two-way information exchange. The term of Web 2.0 means internet applications which allow sharing and collaboration opportunities to people and help them to express themselves online. e-Learning is a term used in education to describe web 2.0 technologies and applications into educational and institutional activity. In the meantime, providing complete strategy to provide an effective learning environment that includes various courses, software, and infrastructures. Meanwhile, e-Learning is a popular method of imparting training in today's world. However, a large percentage of e-learning content fails to fulfil successful teaching and learning standards, emphasizing the need for guidelines on how to structure online resources for effective learning. Therefore, this paper has reviewed tools such a Gamification, Learning Management System (LMS), HTML-5 package (H5P) that will support e-learning to develop effective learning.

A Biosemiotic Perspective on Reward-Based Animal Training Techniques

In this paper, I examine the way humans interact with domestic companion animals, with a focus on ‘positive reward-based training’ methods, particularly for dogs. From a biosemiotic perspective, I discuss the role of animal training in today’s society and examine what binary reward- based reinforcement schedules communicate, semiotically. I also examine the extent to which reward-based training methods promote better welfare, when compared to the more traditional methods which rely on aversive stimuli and punishment, if and when they are relied upon excessively. I conclude that when used as the primary means of communication, they have the potential to be detrimental to animal welfare, because the underlying social signal is control and resource dominance. As an alternative view to behaviourist-based learning theory and conditioning, I outline how enactivist theories of cognition support a semiotic approach to interspecific human-animal communication. I therefore propose a move toward a dynamic semiosis and mutual understanding based upon Peirce’s phenomenology, resulting in a more balanced merging of Umwelten. The aim is to create rich and more complex semiospheres around humans and domestic animals, which allow for individual agency and autonomy.

Помощник-учителят през периода на Българското просвещение и в нашето съвремие

The proposed material is a modest attempt to connect the time of the Bulgarian Enlightening and the role of assistant teacher then with our time now and another ambition of the Bulgarian state to implement in the pre-school and school education the auxiliary position of “educational mediator”. For educational practice, the mediator is primarily intended for specialized work with Roma children and students and their parental communities to ensure their participation in educational institutions. The article also offers the opportunity to apply the Renaissance experience in the training of today's educational mediators, in the same way as the assistant teachers of that time. Their path was predetermined – from assistants they grew into the most famous teachers and scholars of their time.Why do we not take advantage of this experience today?

Essentials of setting up a wet lab for ophthalmic surgical training in COVID-19 pandemic.

Wet labs are an extremely important training tool, especially in times of a global COVID-19 pandemic, where surgical training can be minimal. They help the trainee learn and practice in a risk-free environment, without an imminent of a complication or failure, also allowing them the chance to execute the steps of a surgery repeatedly. We summarize all the key ingredients required from setting up a wet lab to improve the surgical skill of the trainees. The review also discusses various eyeball fixating devices, preparation of the eye for various types of ocular surgeries, and the role of simulation-based training in today's scenario.

Nonbiological Microsurgery Simulators in Plastic Surgery Training: A Systematic Review.

Simulation has gained notable recognition for its role as an effective training and assessment modality in the present era of competency-based medical education. Despite the well-documented efficacy of both live and cadaveric animal models, several ethical, financial, and accessibility issues persist with their use. Lower fidelity nonbiological simulators have gained recognition for their ability to circumvent these challenges. This systematic review reports on all prosthetic and virtual reality simulators in use for microsurgery training, with an emphasis on each model's complexity, characteristics, advantages, disadvantages, and validation measures taken. A systematic search was performed using the National Library of Medicine (PubMed), MEDLINE, and Embase databases. Search terms were those pertaining to prosthetic and virtual reality models with relevance to microsurgical training in plastic surgery. Three independent reviewers evaluated all articles retrieved based on strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. Fifty-seven articles met the inclusion criteria for review, reporting on 20 basic prosthetic models, 20 intermediate models, 13 advanced models, and six virtual reality simulators. A comprehensive summary has been compiled of all nonbiological simulators in use for microsurgery training in plastic surgery, demonstrating efficacy for the acquisition and retention of microsurgical skills. Metrics-based validation efforts, however, were often lacking in the literature. As plastic surgery programs continue to innovate, ensure accountability, and safely meet today's training standards, prosthetic simulators are set to play a larger role in the development of a standardized, ethical, accessible, and objectively measurable microsurgery training curriculum for the modern-day plastic and reconstructive surgery resident.

Conveniencia de que los Planes Universitarios de Desarrollo Institucional prioricen la formación pedagógica del docente jurídico-social universitario acorde a su modelo educativo

Las instituciones de educación superior acorde a sus Planes de Desarrollo Institucional deben implementar programas de formación pedagógica afines a los sistemas adoptados de enseñanza- aprendizaje centrados en el estudiante, a fin de responder a las demandas de la sociedad actual de formación de ciudadanos responsables, competentes y comprometidos. Lo cual es viable desde una nueva concepción del docente como persona que acompaña al estudiante en el proceso de construcción de conocimientos, actitudes y valores, en el que asume nuevas funciones que se expresan en su condición de guía de la obtención de información y del proceso de aprendizaje y que se resumen en su condición de modelo educativo capaz de impactar el desarrollo moral y profesional de sus estudiantes.

ФІЛОСОФІЗАЦІЯ ТА ІНТЕЛЕКТУАЛЬНИЙ РОЗВИТОК

The article deals with the modern assessment of the role of philosophizing by the representatives of the primary school teachers. In their opinion, the study of philosophy is necessary according to the level of development of children in primary school. In the future, this will provide an opportunity to increase their life competence significantly compared with today's training of senior high school graduates.The article assumes the definition of philosophizing as a way to increase the social adaptation of the younger generation through its initiation into the system of philosophical knowledge.Primary school teachers are directly connected with junior school pupils on a daily basis, with their problems and searches, observe their intellectual and ideological development, and are most interested in answering the questions of their training and education. Most of them noted that primarily the formation of thinking, attitudes, needs, orientations of children are influenced by the characterological behavior of the parents, the family atmosphere, the degree of parental pedagogical literacy, and then comes the importance of the personality of the teacher, his or her worldview, value system and professionalism. In the school environment, the teacher directs the cognitive activity of students, fulfilling a number of roles such as gnoseological, motivating, searching, informational, axiological, communication. Some of the respondents among the primary factors of productive learning include the natural inclinations of the child, the degree of his or her overall development, mental health, the absence or presence of mental adequacy, the ability to be surrounded by pupils for a long time and productively perform communication functions. In the subsequent rank, the role of the curriculum, the nature of the classroom and school partnership, the extra-curricular sphere of communication, the activities of the media, the Internet and the general state of culture in society are noted. School head teachers are worried about the growing lack of spirituality of society, the loss of value of moral and ethical standards, the devaluation of values, the absolutization of the role of money, indifference to evil, and lack of concern for fellows. They indicate the danger of a change in the nature of needs, the development of a new hyper-consumer orientation by the society, on the children's world perception. In this regard, in the course of school or out of school communication, it is impossible to strengthen the sense of welfare among young people, to build self-confidence, to increase self-evaluation, and the ability to navigate in existing conflicts of interest.The school education system focuses not only on obtaining knowledge, but also on the importance of nurturing the competence of the individual for productive life and life support.In the new state standard for teaching pupils the following tasks are set: development of emotional intelligence, critical thinking, understanding of one's feelings, feelings of others, ability to interact in a team, flexibility, innovativeness, financial and environmental literacy.It is impossible to solve the tasks indicated by the Ministry of Education without introducing various levels of philosophical culture. Teachers say about this, stating the need to develop philosophical thinking of children, since it corresponds to the nature of the child, allows curiosity to be turned into cognitive interest and create an integral picture of his/her world. Otherwise, he/she will remain routinely limited, deprived of a purpose in life (people who have it, live longer), who do not see his/her own prospects.

Perils of the Hidden Curriculum: Emotional Labor and “Bad” Pediatric Proxies

Today's medical training environment exposes medical trainees to many aspects of what has been called "the hidden curriculum." In this article, we examine the relationship between two aspects of the hidden curriculum, the performance of emotional labor and the characterization of patients and proxies as "bad," by analyzing clinical ethics discussions with resident trainees at an academic medical center. We argue that clinicians' characterization of certain patients and proxies as "bad," when they are not, can take an unnecessary toll on trainees' emotions. We conclude with a discussion of how training in ethics may help uncover and examine these aspects of the hidden curriculum.

Movement Speed Estimation Based on Foot Acceleration Patterns.

Wearable sensors are important in today's athlete training ecosystems and also for the monitoring of therapeutic rehabilitation processes or even the diagnosis of diseases. In the future, wearables will be integrated directly into clothing and require dedicated, low-energy consuming algorithms that still maintain high accuracy. We developed a novel algorithm for the task of movement speed determination based on wearables that track only the acceleration of one foot. It consists of three algorithm blocks that perform step segmentation, step detection and speed estimation, all having linear computation complexity and able to work in real-time on state-of-the-art embedded microprocessors. Using a reference dataset collected from a motion capturing device for nine subjects and 795 steps in total, a parametric regression algorithm was trained and evaluated using a comprehensive leave-one-subject-out crossvalidation. It is able to estimate the movement speed with a mean relative error of 6.9 ± 5.5 %. Furthermore, we evaluated our approach on lightgate-based reference measurements using 12 subjects and different running movement styles. Here, our algorithm achieved a mean relative error of 16.5 ± 8.4 %. A final evaluation with realistic football-specific movements in a three-aside cage-based soccer game was done with a GPS-based reference measurement system, where the speed profile over a 30 minutes game of our method had a Pearson correlation of 0.85 to the GPS-based reference speed profile.

A new paradigm for the scientific enterprise: nurturing the ecosystem.

The institutions of science are in a state of flux. Declining public funding for basic science, the increasingly corporatized administration of universities, increasing "adjunctification" of the professoriate and poor academic career prospects for postdoctoral scientists indicate a significant mismatch between the reality of the market economy and expectations in higher education for science. Solutions to these issues typically revolve around the idea of fixing the career "pipeline", which is envisioned as being a pathway from higher-education training to a coveted permanent position, and then up a career ladder until retirement. In this paper, we propose and describe the term "ecosystem" as a more appropriate way to conceptualize today's scientific training and the professional landscape of the scientific enterprise. First, we highlight the issues around the concept of "fixing the pipeline". Then, we articulate our ecosystem metaphor by describing a series of concrete design patterns that draw on peer-to-peer, decentralized, cooperative, and commons-based approaches for creating a new dynamic scientific enterprise.

INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE TRAINING OF FUTURE SPECIALISTS OF SOCIAL SPHERE

Joining of Ukrainian educators to the European educational space requires from the higher educational establishments of Ukraine the rapid achievement of a qualitatively new level of teaching disciplines for the professional and humanitarian direction. As well as ensuring the intellectual, material, psychological and moral readiness of future specialists to work in a fast-moving world in which a modern specialist faces the need to process large arrays of information and constantly update their knowledge, skills, abilities. The authors analyze the peculiarities of students' preparation for work with information and communication technologies in the USA. Significant increase for material that today is required to process a modern student and the reduction of the time allocated for his assimilation increases the importance of independent forms of learning. Under such conditions, for today's professional training the use of the latest information technologies in the educational process becomes of special significance. The problem of introducing into the Ukrainian educational information technology space has a wide range of aspects: the use of the Internet for professional counseling for youth, the use of information technology in vocational schools, the development of distance courses, the formation of information culture, etc. The article analyzes the problem of the readiness of students of different specialties to use information and communication technologies in the educational process of a higher educational institution. Particular attention paid to modern processes of globalization and informatization of higher education as the priority trends of the development of modern Ukrainian society. Informatization of the educational process is one of the main priorities in the development of higher education, a qualitatively new stage for the whole system of higher education, a promising direction for increasing the efficiency of the process of studying at a higher educational institution.