Tobacco Control Laws Research Articles

Social media: An effective tool for authorized officers to share actions on tobacco control law

Social media: An effective tool for authorized officers to share actions on tobacco control law

Monitoring the interferences of tobacco industry and analyzing situation of tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship through implementing an online surveillance system to facilitate enforcement of tobacco control laws in Bangladesh

Monitoring the interferences of tobacco industry and analyzing situation of tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship through implementing an online surveillance system to facilitate enforcement of tobacco control laws in Bangladesh

Passengers views on smoke-free provisions of Tobacco Control Law in trains and rail stations

Passengers views on smoke-free provisions of Tobacco Control Law in trains and rail stations

Media campaign for law enforcers for sustained implementation of tobacco control laws in Delhi

Media campaign for law enforcers for sustained implementation of tobacco control laws in Delhi

Implementation of the tobacco control law: Ensuring 'smoke free environment' in police stations

Implementation of the tobacco control law: Ensuring 'smoke free environment' in police stations

Effective monitoring for enforcement of tobacco control law: Success from Bangladesh

Effective monitoring for enforcement of tobacco control law: Success from Bangladesh

Assessing compliance to tobacco control law: A base line survey in 10 districts of Bangladesh

Assessing compliance to tobacco control law: A base line survey in 10 districts of Bangladesh

Tobacco Control Legal System Based on Environmental Protection Law Under the Background of Framework Convention on Tobacco Control

Objectives: This paper studies the legal system of tobacco control based on environmental protection law under the background of the Framework Convention on tobacco control. Methods: Using the research methods of comparative analysis and literature analysis, and taking the tobacco control law as the starting point, this paper expounds the development of global tobacco control civilization and the historical process of tobacco control at home and abroad. By analyzing the problems existing in the production, sales and consumption of tobacco products in China, we can trace the source in the specific links of the life cycle of tobacco products. At the same time, this paper systematically analyzes the defects of China's tobacco control system in taxation and private rights, and summarizes the shortcomings of China's tobacco control system. Results: Many cities have begun to try to enact non-smoking regulations to control smoking in public places. China's deficiencies in this regard are mainly due to the low level of relevant laws and regulations, which are basically local laws and administrative rules. The second is the problem of implementation, resulting in the inadequate or virtual implementation of many laws. Conclusion: From the development trend of various countries, the view of respecting others' health rights and gradually banning smoking has gradually become everyone's consensus. The consolidation of this understanding needs the support of laws to form a set of nonsmoking system with national laws as the core and administrative rules and local regulations as the supplement. Rights and responsibilities are clear, and rewards and punishments are based on evidence. Only in this way can we ensure to reduce the smoking rate, protect everyone's health, and finally form a good atmosphere of no smoking and no respect for smoking in the whole society.

Research on Hengqin Model of Ecological Protection and Enterprise Compliance Development in Tobacco Control Cities

Objectives: Analyze the situation of tobacco control in Chinese cities and the development of Hengqin enterprises and the implementation of national tobacco control policies, to provide the theoretical reference for tobacco control, ecological protection and enterprise compliance development in Hengqin city. Methods: Make statistics on the tobacco control policies and the effects of Chinese cities, and analyze the behavioral role of enterprises in the ecological construction of tobacco control cities. Results: Although most cities support indoor smoking prohibition in various public places, the awareness rate of smoking prohibition regulations in public places is low. Relevant departments need to take more targeted publicity and education measures to increase the awareness rate and implementation effect of tobacco control policies and regulations, which is not only conducive to the ecological environment protection of tobacco control cities, but also conducive to the compliance development of enterprises. Conclusion: It is necessary that the healthy development of ecological protection in Chinese cities be combined with tobacco control policies, laws and regulations; Enterprises shall play an important guiding role, with the full participation of stakeholders at the planning level, to optimize the design of tobacco control policies; The implementation level shall strengthen the protection of minors and play the role of various policy tools.

Smoke-Free Policies and 30-Day Mortality Rates for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Smoke-free policies have been shown to impact 30-day readmission rates due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among adults aged ≥65 years. However, little is known about the association between smokefree policies and 30-day mortality rates for COPD. Therefore, we investigated the association between comprehensive smoke-free policies and 30-day mortality rates for COPD. We used a cross-sectional study design and retrospectively examined risk-adjusted 30-day mortality rates for COPD across US hospitals in 1171 counties. Data were sourced from Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) Hospital Value-Based Purchasing (HVBP) Program, American Hospital Association (AHA) Annual Surveys, US Census Bureau Current Population Survey, and US Tobacco Control Laws Database from the American Nonsmokers' Rights Foundation (ANRF). Data were averaged at the county level for years 2015-2018. Hierarchical Poisson models adjusted for differences in hospital characteristics and accounted for the clustering of hospitals within a county were used. Our findings show a consistent association between stronger smoke-free policies and a reduction in COPD mortality. When evaluating smoke-free policy, county characteristics, and hospital characteristics individually, we found that counties with full coverage or partial coverage had a reduced incidence rate of COPD mortality compared to no coverage counties. After adjusting for the county and hospital characteristics, counties with full coverage of smoke-free policies had a reduced rate of 30-day COPD mortality (adjusted incidence rate ratio [IRR]: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.79, 0.96) compared to counties with no policy coverage. Comprehensive smoke-free policies are associated with a reduction in 30-day mortality following hospital admission for COPD. Partial smoke-free legislation is an insufficient preventative measure. These findings have strong implications for hospital policy-makers, suggesting that policy interventions to reduce COPD-related 30-day mortality should include implementing smoke-free policies and public health policy-makers to incentivize comprehensive smokefree policies.

Awareness, perceptions of and compliance with tobacco control policies among naswar vendors in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan

IntroductionRegulatory compliance in the retail environment is integral to the success of tobacco control. We assessed compliance among naswar (smokeless tobacco product widely used in South Asia) vendors with tobacco...

University Staff and Students' Attitudes towards a Completely Smoke-Free Campus: Shifting Social Norms and Organisational Culture for Health Promotion.

A large university in Queensland, Australia with a diverse staff and student community introduced a campus wide smoke-free policy in 2016. The purpose of this enquiry was to understand attitudes about a new smoke-free policy, its potential impact and the shift in social norms and organizational culture to inform the next phase of implementation. An electronic survey was distributed to all staff and students approximately 12 weeks after the smoke-free policy was implemented. The survey consisted of multiple-choice questions about demographics, smoking behaviour, attitudes towards smoking and tobacco control, awareness of the smoke-free policy, and attitudes towards the effect of a completely smoke-free campus on quality of life, learning and enrolment. The survey was completed by 641 university staff and students. Respondents reported seeking out (80.4%) and socialising in smoke-free environments (86.6%) and supported smoke-free buildings (96.1%), indoor areas (91.6%), and outdoor areas (79%). The results revealed overwhelming support for a completely smoke-free campus (83%) and minority support for designated smoking areas (31%). Overall, respondents reflected positively towards a campus wide smoke-free policy. These findings suggest Queensland’s early adoption of tobacco control laws influenced the social environment, de-normalised smoking, changed behaviour, preference for smoke-free environments and shifted social norms. These findings provide convincing evidence for organisational change and suggest health promotion policy makers should progress the implementation of smoke-free policies nationally across the higher education sector.

Perceived Effectiveness of the Anti-Smoking Public Service Advertisement on YouTube (#SuaraTanpaRokok)

Indonesia's tobacco control law enforcement remains weak and has not regulated the total ban on tobacco advertisement, promotion, and sponsorship bans (TAPS). Meanwhile, mediated anti-smoking messages have been significantly found to reduce smoking prevalence in many countries, helping people to stop smoking and preventing new smokers. Unfortunately, the anti-smoking Public Service Advertisements (PSAs) in Indonesia is unable to compete with the extensive and creative cigarette advertising or pro-smoking messages in many media platforms. Messages encouraging people to stop smoking and delivering the hazardous effects of smoking remain spotty in terms of numbers and visibility, leaving people with limited information about the adverse effects of smoking. There has been little research literature looking at how people perceived the effectiveness of anti-smoking messages. This study aims to identify and assess the anti-smoking PSAs by #suaratanparokok. A content analysis is carried out to examine the perceived effectiveness of the #suaratanparokok PSAs on YouTube. The involvement of YouTube influencers and optimizing social media platforms are important in delivering the PSAs. This study provides insights and recommendations to warn people about the danger of smoking through effective anti-smoking messages.

Analysis of the illicit tobacco market in Georgia in response to fiscal and non-fiscal tobacco control measures

BackgroundGeorgian illicit cigarette consumption was 1.5% in 2017. In 2018, a new tobacco control law took effect followed by a substantial cigarette excise tax increase in 2019. Research shows these...

Use of Tobacco and Tobacco Products By Public Employees in Konya Province and the Support Status of the Tobacco Control Law

Use of Tobacco and Tobacco Products By Public Employees in Konya Province and the Support Status of the Tobacco Control Law

Impacts of local public smoking bans on smoking behaviors and tobacco smoke exposure.

This paper examines the immediate and long-term effects of public smoking bans on smoking prevalence, smoking regularity, smoking intensity, and secondhand tobacco smoke exposure. We supplement the extensive literature on the effects of various types of tobacco control legislation on smoking behavior in developed countries by studying the provincial smoking bans and more recent national ban of a middle-income country, Argentina. We focus on the difference between full and partial smoking bans, and take advantage of the time and province variation in ban implementation in order to determine the causal effects of each type of ban. We find that full bans reduce national smoking prevalence over time, especially among younger demographic groups, but have no significant impact on intensity of smoking among smokers. Full bans also benefit nonsmokers, as they are associated with a significant reduction in environmental tobacco smoke exposure. Partial bans do not significantly impact smoking prevalence, and are found to increase smoking intensity among individuals who smoke every day. These findings provide support for ratification of full bans by all provinces according to the National Tobacco Control Law of 2011.

Second-hand smoke exposure prevalence among smokers versus non-smokers and relative change at sub-national level in India: a secondary analysis from Global Adult Tobacco Survey 1 and 2

Background: Exposure to second-hand smoke (SHS) has been linked to the expanded risk of ill-effects on health every year. This study compared prevalence rates of SHS exposure between smokers and non-smokers within three different settings and states/union territories (UT) in India, during the period 2009-10 and 2016-17.Methods: The data from two rounds of nationally representative cross-sectional Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) conducted in 2009-10 and 2016-17 were used. Further, the sociodemographic variables associated with exposure to SHS at different settings were analysed using multiple logistic regression analysis. All statistical inferences were based on a significance level of p<0.05.Results: Although there was a significant decrease in overall prevalence of SHS exposure among smokers and non-smokers at home, government offices, restaurants and, public transportation and slight decrease in health care facility (p<0.05); increased level of exposure was observed at workplace which was not statistically significant (p>0.05). The prevalence of exposure to SHS varied significantly between smokers and non-smokers and differed greatly among states/UT as assessed by the relative change between GATS-1 and GATS-2. While Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and, Odisha were among the best-performing states; Jammu and Kashmir, Chhattisgarh and, Madhya Pradesh were the worst-performers.Conclusions: The results confirmed that the prevalence rates of SHS exposure among non-smokers, were much higher as compared to smokers in all different settings along with state-wise disparities. This calls for the Policymakers for targeted effective enforcement of tobacco control laws, leading to a reduction in the consequences of SHS exposure.

Smoking Behavior and Road Traffic Accidents: An Assessment of the Effectiveness of Tobacco Control Law in Bangladesh

(1) Background: As a common problem, Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs) is vastly experiencing by the present world and which is severe in Bangladesh. Nowadays the road traffic accidents have occurred by the tobacco consumption habits where mostly tobacco control law is avoided in Bangladesh. The study aims to investigate the effects of tobacco control law on road traffic accidents in Bangladesh. (2) Methods: This cross-sectional study included 424 questionnaire surveys with drivers (bus and truck) and 10 KIIs. Chi-squared tests were used to measure differences between various parameters (related to tobacco control law and RTAs), while logistic regression models were used to determine the relationship among tobacco control law, RTA risk factors and socio-demographic features. (3) Results: This study result shows 75.9% of respondents are tobacco users where 76.4% have knowledge about tobacco control law. About 93.4% know that smoking in public transports is strongly prohibited by the law where 80.7% of them abide by the tobacco control law daily. Therefore, about 64.6% of respondents were involved in RTAs. A statistically significant association was found between RTAs and knowledge of drivers about tobacco control law (p>0.013) and having knowledge on “smoking in public transports is prohibited by the law” (OR=2.945, p=0.016) is also strongly associated with road traffic accidents. (4) Conclusion: A vast majority of the heavy vehicle drivers are well known about tobacco control law and they are obliged to the law in public transports with satisfactory level.

Indirect tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorships in the Indian Premier League 2020: Tobacco Industry's continuous presence in Indian cricket

BackgroundIndian Premier League (IPL) cricket tournament - a shorter version of the sport which is played between assorted company-owned or individual owner teams - has grown immensely popular over the last decade. There is long history of tobacco advertisement, promotion and sponsorship (TAPS) in cricket. While direct and indirect TAPS is completely prohibited under the Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products Act (COTPA), 2003 the nexus between tobacco industry and cricket in India continues. We monitored any tobacco product and allied brand or surrogate advertisement, promotion, sponsorship (TAPS) or placement during every match played in the IPL-13 season in the year 2020. MethodsUsing an investigative approach, 60 match highlights during IPL-13 (during September 19 to November 10, 2020) were monitored for TAPS (both on-site i.e. sportswear and/or in stadia) shown on the official website (www.iplt20.com). All sponsors and advertisers were validated using brand names or logos from their respective official website. ResultsTwo IPL teams (Rajasthan Royals and Royal Challengers Bangalore) were sponsored by major tobacco industry owned brands. Violations by a major smokeless tobacco company promoting their brand extension product i.e. Vimal Elaichi, on the official telecast websites (www.espncricinfo.com and www.cricbuzz.com) and television channels (www.Zeenews.india.com/Gujarati) was observed. Tobacco companies i.e. Kamla Pasand and ITC Limited were also listed as associate sponsors for the 2020 championship. ConclusionDespite comprehensive ban under India's tobacco control law (COTPA, 2003), sponsorship by tobacco industry was found widespread in IPL-13. Advertisement and logos of tobacco companies are persistent during the telecast and promotion of the IPL events, in clear violation of India's tobacco control legislation and Article 13 of WHO's Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO-FCTC) and its guidelines. Given that India and South Asia comprise the largest audience for televised cricket, strong exclusion criteria is needed by the international cricket authority and national cricket associations to ensure compliance with the national law and global good practice, making the cricketing world truly tobacco free.

Prevalence and factors associated with the sale of loose cigarettes at Point of Sale: A cross-sectional analytical study from four Indian states

BackgroundThe Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) has established that sale of loose cigarettes increases the affordability and accessibility of tobacco for minors. Acknowledging this threat to public health, the Department of Consumer Affairs, Government of India amended the Legal Metrology Act to prohibit sale of loose cigarettes. Regardless, over 70% of the total cigarette sale in the country is in the form of loose cigarettes majority of which is being sold at unrecognized, unrecorded and unregulated informal sector of economy. However, there is a paucity of studies examining the factors associated with sale of loose cigarettes and further research is warranted in the country to know the dynamics of this issue. ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence and the factors associated with the sale of loose cigarettes at Point of Sale (PoS) in the selected four Indian states. MethodsA community based cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among a total of 2044 PoS in the project states of Meghalaya, Odisha, Puducherry and Telangana using purposive sampling technique. The characteristics of tobacco vendors and the status of loose cigarettes sale were collected using a structured and pre-tested checklist. Proportion for prevalence estimate, bivariate and multivariable log binomial regression analysis were done. ResultsThe prevalence of loose cigarette sale was 93.05% [95% CI: 91.89–94.1]. Sale of loose cigarette showed a significant association with area (aPR 1.03; 95% CI: 1–1.06; p = 0.025), sale of tobacco products to minors (aPR 1.07; 95% CI: 1.04–1.11; p < 0.001), sale of smoking aids to customers (aPR 1.05; 95% CI: 1.01–1.09; p = 0.02), sale of flavored chewable tobacco (aPR 1.08; 95% CI: 1.03–1.12; p = 0.001) and presence of pack warning (aPR 1.18; 95% CI: 1.11–1.25; p < 0.001). ConclusionOur findings infer an open disregard for the laws specific to sale of loose cigarettes at PoS. The factors associated with the sale of loose cigarette needs to be addressed through prompt implementation of the tobacco control laws and suitable policy formulation.