TMs Perception Research Articles

A review on diversity, conservation and nutrition of wild edible fruits

The United Nations adopted the Millennium Declaration of September 2009 to improve the global living conditions through reducing poverty and hunger. However, considerable numbers of people are still living in utter penury and are deprived of a dignified living. In such tough circumstances nature’s free gift in the form of wild edible foods are benefiting the vulnerable and dependent communities. Wild edible plants (WEPs) are the species those are neither cultivated nor domesticated however are available in their wild natural habitat and used as sources of these plants have played a significant role in the development and civilization of human history throughout the ages and globe. These wild edible plants have played a significant role in supplying food and nutritional requirements of poor communities in many rural parts of the world. These wild edibles can be popularized only when they are comparedfor their nutritional and health benefits with major or widely used cultivated plants. The social, cultural, religious, and belief system of the rural communities are incomplete without these wild edible plants. Domestication of these wild edible plants can increase their use and their conservation as well. The present review paper has described the wild edible plants in context of their diversity, traditional knowledge, conservation practices and nutritional composition from the available secondary literature. Authors feel there is still scope to incorporate more contextual variables for explaining more variations embedded with local people’s perception on values and usage of these wild edible fruits.

CAMPUS WALKABILITY IN MALAYSIAN PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES: A CASE-STUDY OF UNIVERSITI MALAYA

Universities are important innovation hubs for sustainable development. As universities worldwide are striving to provide conducive living and learning environments for their students and staff, the mobility of campus users is one of the challenges that have to be overcome immediately. In order to understand the issues of campus mobility, this study was conducted to evaluate a component of mobility, i.e. its walkability features and potential. The location of this study was in Universiti Malaya. We divided the study in two stages: 1. Students’ surveys to find out their perceptions on the features, potential and policy on walkability. 2. Direct observations and measurements of the existing walkability conditions (vehicular and pedestrian circulation and the street elements that constitute a walkable environment). The main findings were as follows: Most students perceived the overall walkability environment at UM did not give them a positive walking experience on campus. Street elements that are user-friendly were found to be lacking although there existed some positive ones, e.g. traffic calming devices especially at pedestrian crossing area. Although this is a case study of UM, we feel that the issues are of general interest to other university campuses, especially those located in major cities and having the same organizational structure. We would therefore recommend university management to conduct periodical campus walkability evaluation and to take the user’s perceptions seriously so as to provide better adaptation solutions to their campus sustainability projects.

Reproductive Health Among Bangoebadae Muslim Women: Cervical Cancer Care

Few studies have examined Muslim women’s perceptions of barriers and the possibilities they face in cervical cancer care. The purpose of this study was to explore the attitudes from the perspective of Thai women of their experience of reproductive in cervical cancer care. A qualitative methodology was chosen, and open-ended interviews were carried out with ten Muslim women. The interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim; thereafter, a manifest content analysis was carried out. Three main themes connected to the aim of the study were found: Personal construction of care providers, Understanding reproductive health and Culturally congruent context of reproductive The most prominent findings in this study are care providers adapted to be developing holistic care intervention consisting of improved nursing care for reproductive health, meaningful relationship care and social relative of reproductive health. Furthermore, this finding might be possible to be transferred and considered in Muslim women similar settings. Health care providers should also concern cultural care that is available with her husband in support of reproductive care among Thai Muslim women.

Saudi Nursing Student’s Perception of Effective Clinical Instructor’s Characteristics

Background: The clinical experience has been recognized as a significant and very essential component of nursing education. Clinical instructors have a responsibility not only to their students but also to clients and the nursing profession to identify and exhibit effective clinical teacher characteristics. Moreover, as the clinical experiences and its resources are limited, students must optimize clinical practice opportunities; they must therefore, work with effective clinical instructors.Aim: The aim of this study is to identify Saudi nursing students’ perception of effective clinical instructor’s characteristicsMethods: ADescriptive research design was used in carrying out the current study. Sample and Setting: 391 Saudi female nursing students, enrolled in the 4th to 8th term of their study in different colleges of nursing asked to participate. This sample also includes students from the college of health sciences, who are enrolled in the second term, of the first year, till those in the second term of the third year. Data were collected from the following places: The study took place in selected colleges and universities in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, such as the College of Nursing, King Saud University, Health Colleges of the Ministry of Health, and the college of nursing, Damam University. The Nursing Clinical Teacher Effective Inventory (NCTEI) developed a 48-item Likert scale checklist describing discrete teachers characteristics clustered into five subscales or categories: teaching ability, nursing competence, personality traits, interpersonal relationships and evaluation. Results: The results revealed that diploma students placed more emphasis on the clinical instructor’s behaviors and that is a statistical significance. A significant difference was also found between different places and student’s perception of perceptive of clinical teacher behaviors, this may be due to the characteristics of students, teachers, clinical setting & teaching-learning environment, they may differ according to each site, and thus, it may not be surprising that students’ perception differs somewhat across sites. On the other hand, those students perceive that the teachers’ effectiveness and personality traits are particularly important. These findings are supported by other researches. This research also indicates that a significant correlation was found between father’s and mother’s education and the student’s perception about teaching effectiveness. Personality traits, nursing competences and evaluation this may indicate that family in general has effect on the student’s perception. On the other hand, various studies indicates that these four qualities are necessary to be a successful clinical teacher. The results also revealed that no significance difference was found between academic and different students’ perception, this come in contrast with another research which mentioned that students near graduation values the teacher’s behaviors .The Mann Whitney test was then used to determine whether statistically significant (p<0.05 & p<0.01) Conclusion: It was concluded that, effective clinical instructor helps students to develop the problem-solving and decision making skills which are essential for them as a professional nurse.  Clinical instructors should be enrolled in continuous in-service training education to develop and strength the positive characteristics of the clinical instructor. Employment committee should utilize the Nursing Clinical Teacher Effective Inventory: as a baseline during recruitment interview.

TO DIVORCE OR NOT? YOUNG BLACK PEOPLE’S PERCEPTIONS OF DIVORCE IN THE 21ST CENTURY

 This article explores young black people’s perceptions of divorce in the post-apartheid South Africa, with specific focus on factors that may influence a partner to decide whether to divorce or not. A theory of Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is used to understand what is more valuable for young black people in terms of their needs in a marriage today. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with eight black unmarried third year students (four males and four females between ages 21 and 23 years old) at the University of the Witwatersrand in the year 2013. Data was analysed using a thematic content analysis to identify the key themes that emerged from the data. The findings indicate that most young black people would divorce their partner regardless of being financially dependent on them, as they feel emotional fulfilment in marriage is important than financial security.

NATIONAL IDENTITY AND THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE OTHER: NEW ZEALAND CHILDREN RESPONDING TO SOUTH AFRICAN PICTURE BOOKS

The issue of national identity is a central concern for learners both in terms of formal education (social studies) and personal pleasure (sports). This study adopted a theoretical model of how national identity can be envisaged by middle school learners, and through an intensive week’s case study, demonstrated both the strengths and potential problems of using picture books as a source of information about a nation state. Having self-reflected on their own sense of national identity, a class from a provincial town in New Zealand (NZ) were given the opportunity to explore over 85 educational readers/trade picture book titles sourced from South Africa (SA) (plus other texts from Africa that were locally available) and attempt to define what it is to be a South African. Prior knowledge was factored in the findings and the results were compared to a South African class’s perceptions using the same theoretical model. This article draws a tentative conclusion as to the presences and absences of which South African national identity features can be located whilst reading the two types of fictional texts. Additionally the article proposes that the methodology can be replicated in the classroom in the context of learning as inquiry.

Social Media Perception Affecting the Business of PTT Public Company Limited

The social media perception affecting the business of PTT Public Company Limited (PTT) aims for three purposes. Firstly, to study customers’ behavior via social media’s perception. Secondly, to study interaction between social media and customers. Finally, to study the impact of any information channels via social media that affects to user of products, related services, and company’s images. Social media has been played a vital role rapidly in communication and transferring a huge of information in the manner of videos and contents widespread, which persuade many companies to promote their company via social media to acquire customers’ attentions even related services including the public relation for the company’s image. PTT has adjusted to a new era of social media comply with organizational communication plan. However, social media has affects both positive and negative impact at the same time. The company is rumored a negative issue in society and triggered by social media such as FB’s page “Pay back PTT” is a web page for whom anti PTT. The company must handle these impact of negative information that can transfer to the customer of company in term of goods and service or any attitude that affect to company’s image after receiving any information that derived from social media. Therefore, it is necessary to manage social media contents to create two ways of understanding about any issues and also prevent social media disaster from company’s communication in term of attitude, image and decision making process to consume goods and service. This study is to provide recommended policy for PTT to improve their communication process and enhance trust for customer and investor in the future.

The Relationship between Quality of Performance Appraisal Process and Nurses Job Satisfaction as perceived by staff nurses at a Selected Hospital

Background: Every organization follows a performance appraisal system in one way or other and the same has some impact on the satisfaction level of the employees over a period of time. Managing performance of employees is challenge for every organization; also employee satisfaction plays a vital role for individual and organizational growth (Mathew and Johnson 2015). Aim: The present study was conducted in order to assess the relationship between quality of performance appraisal process and nurses job satisfaction as perceived by staff nurses at a selected hospital.  Research question: What is the relationship between quality of performance appraisal process and nurses job satisfaction as perceived by staff nurses at a selected hospital? Setting: This study was conducted at university hospital which is affiliated to Cairo University. Research Design: A descriptive correlation design was utilized to achieve the objective of the present study. Sample: All nurses who agreed to participate in the study at time of data collection will be included. Their total number was (N=150) nurses. Tools: Based on the literature review, the following tools were constructed by the researcher to collect data pertinent to the current study. These tools are: I: Socio-demographic and Performance Appraisal Quality Questionnaire, was developed by the investigator to collect data for the present study based on extensive review of related literature. The questionnaire covered 8 dimensions and contains (52) items. II: Job Satisfaction Questionnaire was developed by Spector, (1985). The questionnaire contains (36) items. Results & Conclusion: The present study concluded that there is a significant correlation between nurse’s perception of the performance appraisal process subscales (the clarity of expectations, providing feedback, accuracy of rating, reaction toward performance appraisal rating, reaction toward supervisor & reaction to performance appraisal system) and their job satisfaction. Furthermore, research declared that there is a significant correlation between nurse’s perception to the quality of performance appraisal process and their job satisfaction. Recommendations More research is needed to clarify that either private or public sector organizations operating fair systems of employee performance appraisal or not, the organization should have to implement performance appraisal practice in the best possible way providing job related feedback other than reflecting personal bias. Providing feedback based career development to initiate the best performers.

Educational change: a case for a 'pedagogy of compassion'

This paper sets out to advance the concept of an ‘epistemology of compassion’ first proposed by Vandeyar (2013; 2016). Utilising a single embedded case study and the theoretical mooring of post-conflict pedagogy this paper attempts to find links between Jansen’s perceptions of a post-conflict pedagogy and Freirean pedagogy and to argue a case for a ‘pedagogy of compassion’ as a possible approach to addressing and transforming education in post-apartheid South Africa. Data capture comprised a mix of semi-structured interviews, observations and field notes. Data was analysed by means of the content analysis method. Findings were threefold. First, the implementation of a ‘pedagogy of compassion’ enabled the teacher to dismantle polarised thinking and to shatter the polite silence of post-apartheid South African society. Second, teachers not only need to be able to raise the critical consciousness of learners but they need to adopt an ‘epistemology of compassion’ in order to enable learners to become active critical citizens, imbued with a sense of common humanity and compassion. And third, becoming an agent of transformative change may challenge the very premise of teachers’ identities and practices, but by empowering the learner to exert influence on her world, the teacher is in turn also changed and empowered. Â

Poor People’s Perceptions of Government Support for Entrepreneurship and Small Business Promotion in a Developing Country

Unemployment is a global concern; therefore many developing countries focus on entrepreneurship development and small business promotion as a possible solution. Entrepreneurs are regarded as drivers of the economy as they not only provide income for themselves but also create job opportunities for other people. The South African Government focuses on job creation as a priority, involving many strategies and policies. However, many marginalised and impoverished people still do not benefit from these policies. The central purpose of this article is to analyse poor people’s perceptions of the role of government in creating jobs and assistance in providing entrepreneurial skills training and support. A socioeconomic household survey, consisting of approximately 3200 households, was conducted within various areas in the Metsimaholo, Moqhaka, Ngwathe and Mafube Local Municipalities, all located in the rural Northern Free State region in South Africa. Results of the survey show that 68.3% of participants feel that government is not doing enough to create jobs while a total of 49.1% indicated that government could assist in job creation by providing entrepreneurial skills training. A total of 56.2% indicated that they would like to open a small business. Improved government support and initiatives could lead to many poor households generating their own income through entrepreneurial activities.

Effect of deceptively aggressive bike pacing on sprint-distance triathlon performance

Introduction : Whilst aggressive bike pacing has been found to impair subsequent run performance during triathlon, this strategy appears to enhance total cycle-run time over the sprint-distance format (Suriano & Bishop, 2010). As such, cycling at the highest sustainable intensity (i.e. isolated TT power output) is suggested as the best strategy to optimise overall performance time in the event. However, it is unclear how an athlete’s expectations, beliefs and perceptions influence the effectiveness of such pacing during multi-modal events, such as triathlon. Taylor & Smith (2013) have suggested that practically meaningful changes in triathlon running may result from deceptive pace manipulation, equivalent to the smallest worthwhile change in performance. With this in mind, deceptively aggressive bike pacing may enable triathletes to maximise their sustainable intensity in this discipline, without the impairments in run performance typically associated with this strategy. However, this is yet to be confirmed by experimental evidence. This study therefore examined the effects of deceptively aggressive bike pacing on sprint- distance triathlon performance. Methods : Having been misinformed that they would be taking part in a reliability and validity study, ten non-elite, competitive male triathletes (mean ± SD: age 36.8 ± 8.9 yrs, mass 76.3 ± 7.2 kg and V, I‡ O 2max 54.3 ± 5.7 ml · kg - 1 · min -1 ) completed eight testing sessions (Figure 1). The first four trials served as familiarisation, after which all athletes completed an isolated 500 kJ (~20 km) cycling time-trial (TT) to establish their maximum sustainable intensity over this distance. Each athlete then completed three separate simulated sprint-distance triathlons (0.75 km swim, 500 kJ bike, 5 km run), the first of which established ‘baseline’ (i.e. personal best) simulated triathlon performance (BL). During the remaining two triathlon trials athletes maintained a cycling power output that was 5% greater than that achieved during BL, before completing the run in as short a time as possible (against an on-screen avatar of BL run performance). However, participants were correctly informed of this aggressive cycling strategy before and during only one of the two trials (Hon). Prior to the alternate trial (Dec), participants were misinformed that their mean cycling power output would equal that of BL, with on-screen feedback manipulated so as to display power output 5% below its true value. Results : Mean performance times for TT and simulated triathlon trials are detailed in Table 1. Although these values suggest a trend for faster run performance during Dec, compared to both BL and Hon, this was only statistically significant versus BL ( p < .05). Similarly, whilst there was a non-significant trend for overall triathlon time to be shorter during Dec than Hon (by ~17 sec), the only statistically significant differences were between each of these trials and BL, which was between 2-3% slower overall than both Dec and Hon. Magnitude-based inferences (Table 2) suggest cycling time and power output were almost certainly better during TT, Dec and Hon, in comparison to BL. Whilst Dec and Hon cycling performances were probably worse compared to that of TT, there were almost certainly no differences between the Dec and Hon cycling. Interestingly, whilst any difference appeared of trivial practical importance, it was more likely that Hon running was meaningfully slower, than faster, compared to BL (i.e. 28:57:15% likelihood of Hon being slower, no different, or faster than BL). On the other hand, Dec running was probably faster than both BL and Hon. In terms of overall triathlon performance, there was almost certainly no difference between Dec and Hon, although both were almost certainly faster compared to BL. Conclusion : An athlete’s expectations, beliefs and perceptions regarding aggressive cycle pacing appear to play an important role in optimising subsequent run and overall performance during sprint-distance triathlon. Future studies should further examine how pacing beliefs and expectations influence performance across multi-modal (i.e. triathlon) or multi-stage (i.e. Tour de France) sporting competitions. In particular, more research is needed so as to better understand the importance of multiple perceptual responses (e.g. RPE and affect) to pacing decisions during successive modes of self-paced exercise.

Persepsi Mahasiswa Terhadap Penggunaan Ruang Terbuka Hijau Di Universitas Negeri Jakarta Ditinjau Dari Fungsi Ekstrinsik

This research aim to determine student’s perceptions toward green open space that has been there at the A Campus of State University of Jakarta reviewed from extrinsic functions. The research held at the A Campus of State University of Jakarta on June-July 2015.The method used in this research was a descriptive research method with survey. Sampling population in this research are students which use green open space at the A campus of State University of Jakarta. Target population in this research are students of state university of jakarta which using green open space at crowded hour. Data collection conducted with questionnaire and documentation.Results of this research are students' perceptions of the cultural dimension of the social function of the percentage reached 52.51% at one indicator assume this function has been reached, the dimensions of the aesthetic function is also considered to have achieved the highest percentage of 55.65% in one indicator, while the dimensions of the economic functions of the highest percentage of 46.86% is not considered an indicator of the implementation of this function well

Tugen Men and Women’s Perception on FGM in Relation to their Participation in Household and Community Socioeconomic Development Activities in Baringo County.

Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) is the partial or total cutting away of the female genitalia, which has been practiced for centuries in parts of Africa and other regions of the world as one element of a rite of passage. An investigation of the Tugen men and women’s perception on FGM in relation to their participation in household and community socioeconomic development activities in Baringo County shaded light upon numerous obstacles to its elimination. There was a gap in the analysis of the factors contributing to persistence of FGM among Tugen women of Baringo County as it had not been empirically investigated. The purpose of this study was to establish Tugen Men and Women’s Perception on FGM in Relation to their Participation in Household and Community Socioeconomic Development Activities in Baringo County. The study adopted the ex post facto-causal comparative research design. The study was conducted in three divisions namely Kisanana, Mogotio and Esageri in Koibatek district in Baringo County. The selection of these divisions was based on the information provided by the District Health Management Team to the effect that these were the divisions where the practice of FGM was likely to be high. Purposive and quota sampling was used in selecting participants in the area of study. The research data was collected using questionnaires and an interview schedule. Piloting of the instruments was done at Marigat division in Marigat district in Baringo County to provide the required information on its reliability and establish the time taken to administer the instruments in order to make necessary modifications and adjustments before commencing data collection in the field. The questionnaires’ items were considered reliable after yielding a reliability coefficient of at least 0.70. The data collected were analyzed by use of descriptive and inferential statistics. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17 for windows was used to analyze the data. The study generated information regarding the Tugen men and women perception of FGM among Tugen women of Baringo County. Marriage of circumcised or uncircumcised women greatly influenced men and women participation in household and community socioeconomic development activities in the Tugen community. Most men (67) 67% indicated they preferred to marry circumcised women because culturally they would become respected member of the community. The findings from the study might also help Ministry of Gender and Social services, Government of Kenya and local community leaders to take serious the fight against FGM practice and look for strategies to eliminate it.

IMPLEMENTASI MANAJEMEN MUTU TERPADU DI SDIT INSAN MANDIRI JAKARTA

This thesis aims to evaluate the implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM), covering the customer satisfaction and continuous improvement at SDIT Insan Mandiri Jakarta. Evaluation is conducted by studying customer’s perception both internals and externals. This research applies qualitative approach with a case study method. The data were collected through observation, interview, and studying related documents and recordings This research starts from February until July 2013. The findings of the research are: overall, implementation of TQM has increase customer satisfaction and encourage continuous improvement at SDIT Insan Mandiri. Those TQM aspects work effectively since management of SDIT Insan Mandiri Jakarta implemented Total Quality Management.The findings lead to the recommendation that (1) The management should build more facilities to support learning activities to enhance customer satisfaction, (2) SDIT Insan Mandiri should conduct comparative studies to broaden their horizons and compare their advantages and disadvantages to other schools.

PERCEPTION OF FEMALE LEADERS IN HIGHER INSTITUTIONS OF LEARNING IN EKITI STATE

To scholars, women in leadership positions have been stereotyped to be unfit and inexperienced to occupy traditional leadership positions unlike their male counterparts. A fundamental challenge to women's leadership arises from the mismatch between the qualities traditionally associated with leaders and those traditionally associated with women in general. Women in leadership positions are not treated equally with men in leadership positions ( Nick, 2007;Sayu, 2012 ). However, this research reveals the perception of Ekiti state female leaders in Higher Institutions on their leadership positions. Through interviews with selected female leaders in three higher institutions of learning, questions delved into how these female leaders see themselves in the line of their duties. The study tends to feel the pulse of female leaders about the leadership positions they are occupying since the impression they have about themselves matters a lot before considering other people’s perception about them.&#x0D; The study adopts quantitative methodology and gathered its data directly from personal interview as well as the use of questionnaire for its survey. Findings indicate that Nigerian Institutions of Higher Learning are increasingly becoming forerunners in gender sensitivity. Female Leaders admitted that they were given equal chances of leading their units and their rights were not denied them in their professions. However, there are few instances where their male counterparts, though subtly, discriminate against the female leaders and prove uncooperative probably, due to cultural background and beliefs in Nigeria which are still in favour of male leaders. The paper concludes that female leaders, through merit, stand an equal chance of being elected and selected leaders in an academic environment. The findings nullified the fears of women with academic excellence seeking leadership positions and suggested ways by which equity in leadership positions can be encouraged.

ESTIMATING THE PROBABILITY OF SERVICE RECOVERY STRATEGIES IN FRANCHISE FAST FOOD RESTAURANT

This paper sets out to determine the probability from a customer’s viewpoint, of which service recovery activities will most probably be carried out by front liners in Franchise Fast Food Restaurants (FFFR). The study utilized a Juster scale based questionnaire survey format. Data was then analyzed using means and factor analysis. Means analysis indicated that customers did not expect front liners to offer free food but there was a good possibility that they would receive an apology. More than half of the service recovery strategies studied lay below the 50/50 probability. Factor analysis indicated three views of customers on service recover strategies, which are termed as ‘Immediate’, ‘Works’ and ‘Words’. Customers believe that there is a good possibility for ‘Words’ service recovery activity, fairly good possibility of ‘Immediate’ service recovery and fair possibility of ‘Works’ service recovery activity. The study was limited to respondents in Kuching and customers of FFFR. Nevertheless the finding has important implications to management and academia. A practical application from this study would be the use of ‘Immediate’ and ‘Words’ service recovery strategies to improve customer’s perception of a company after service failure. The use of ‘Works’ would delight them, as it is not expected.

Patient Perception of Health Care Services: A Comparative Study

Assessment of patient satisfaction is a measurement that obtains information or ratings from patients about their perception of the services being provided from an organization, hospital, physician, or healthcare provider and plays an increasingly important role toward accountability among health care providers. The present study aimed at comparing the patient’s perception of services being provided in the government and private sectors. 120 patients (60 from each sector) natively from Karnataka, India with knowledge of English participated in this study. Subjects were asked to rate their experiences before, during and after consultation. A checklist to rate the patient satisfaction was developed. The checklist comprised of 11 questions covering the most important domains pertaining to patient satisfaction about the health care services provided. Obtained responses were statistically compared using independent t test. Significant differences in the satisfaction levels of the subjects in the government and the private set ups were seen at p&lt; 0.05 (t=2.921, 118). In government sector patients were better satisfied with certain aspects like the cost factor, information provided about the problem and guidance regarding intervention whereas the patients in the private sector were better satisfied with the orientation to the department, information furnished about the problem, comfort and privacy during the testing procedure.

Study Regarding the Influence of Country of Origin (COO) over the Consumer Decision-Making Process in Buying Food

The country of origin effect is considered to be the positive or negative influence that the country of origin of one product has over the consumer in the buying decision-making process. The COO could act as a barrier for the consumer or as stimuli for purchasing and is stronger when it comes of food products. The general aim of the research is to determine the Romanian consumer’s perceptions of local products and to determine how the COO effect influences the consumers. Two focus groups were organized in Cluj-Napoca. Participants were asked to mention for different food products the country of origin they prefer to be the producer from. The interview consisted also in asking the participants to rank attributes such as: price, brand and country of origin, important to them in the buying decision-making process. Results indicate that for some food products such as (cheese, meat and vegetables) the consumers prefer local Romanian products while for others (sweets, wine) they are willing to buy foreign products. Results indicate that price and brand are more important than the country of origin when it comes of some food products like sweets and wine, while for products like dairy, fruits, vegetables, it is important their country of origin. The COO effect is necessary to be studied among the Romanian consumers because of the future implementation of labels of origin for different food products which will be sell on different markets. Therefore, it is important that first of all, the country of origin influence should be studied over the Romanian consumers.

AUTHOR’S PERCEPTION ABOUT DISSOLUTION AND CRYSTALLIZATION

Generally the concepts studied with comparisons are better understood by the readers. Author’s perception here is an attempt to compare the concept of dissolution and crystallization Key words: Dissolution, Diffusion, Diffusion Layer, Crystallization, Entropy.

Investigation and Design of Mobile OPAC Services (MOS) for Non-Smartphone Users

This research focuses on providing Online Public Access Catalog services to university students via mobile phone in order to enhance the traditional library walk in services and online library access using a computer. This research comprises of three main findings in relation with mobile OPAC services. First, it investigates student’s perception in using mobile phone to access OPAC services in the educational environment. Next, it identifies and adopts mobile content design guidelines in the development of Mobile OPAC Services (MOS) prototype application. Third, it develops MOS prototype Application for NonSmartphone users. Quantitative and qualitative data analysis techniques conducted to identify student’s uses and needs for mobile library services access. The survey derived 73% of the students prefer to access the Online Public Access Catalog (OPAC) via mobile phone. The reason being is that OPAC provide major services of the library such as searching for learning materials, new titles in the library, reservation list and other related services. By conducting the survey, we discovered 71% of the students are using non-smart phone because they are still studying and unable to buy a smart phone which is expensive. Based on this finding we design a Mobile OPAC Service (MOS) prototype application for university students to access Online Public Access Catalog services via non-smart phones. The mobile OPAC services will bring libraries one step ahead in the wireless information technology world in meeting their patrons needs and providing quality education resources.