Title Of Professor Research Articles

Thinking Informatically

On being promoted to a personal chair in 1993 I chose the title of Professor of Informatics, specifically acknowledging Donna Haraway’s definition of the term as the “technologies of information [and communication] as well as the biological, social, linguistic and cultural changes that initiate, accompany and complicate their development” [1]. This neatly encapsulated the plethora of issues emanating from these new technologies, inviting contributions and analyses from a wide variety of disciplines and practices. (In my later work Thinking Informatically [2] I added the phrase “and communication”.) In the intervening time the word informatics itself has been appropriated by those more focused on computer science, although why an alternative term is needed for a well-understood area is not entirely clear. Indeed the term is used both as an alternative term and as an additional one—i.e. “computer science and informatics”. [...]

The First Printed Rutgers Library Catalogue: A Sesquicentennial Reprint

TH E Covenant of 1825—for such was the term for reorganization at that time—between the Board of Trustees of Queen's College and the General Synod of the Reformed Dutch Church, began a new chapter in Rutgers history. Undergraduate instruction, in abeyance since 1816, was restarted, the Rev. Dr . Philip M i l ledoler was elected President, and the College was renamed in honor of Colonel Henry Rutgers. Professor John De Witt of the Theological Seminary received from the College the resounding title of Professor of Belles Lettres, Elements of Criticism and Logic, a hopeful augury for the future, and the congregations were again asked for contributions for the support of the library, which since 1810, when the Rev. D r . John H . Livingston assumed the presidency of the College and inaugurated theological instruction in New Brunswick, had served both the Seminary and the College. From the very earliest days of the College the Acts and Proceedings of the General Synod refer constantly to the need for books. Even so, according to a June 1814 report, the library could only muster upwards of 200 volumes at that time. A donation by Mrs . Margaret Chinn in 1821, at the instance of the Rev. John De Witt, 1

Prof. Dr. Cevat ALKAN through the eyes of his students

The aim of this study is to describe Prof. Dr. Cevat Alkan and his contributions to the development of the field of educational technology in Turkey, via his students' views. Prof. Dr. Alkan is the founder of the field of educational technology in Turkey. In 1975, he became an associate professor with the thesis entitled "Eğitim Teknolojisi (Educational Technology)", and in 1983 with the thesis entitled "Açık Üniversite (Open University)" owned the title of professor. Besides, until 1996 he performed as a head of educational technology department at Faculty of Educational Sciences in Ankara University. And during this period, he provided fundamental contributions for training dozens of students of undergraduate and graduate level in the field of educational technology both in Ankara University and other universities in Turkey. In this study, history method was used. In this process, an interview was carried out with Prof. Dr. Alkan’s family about his daily and academic life. And an online qualitative questionnaire developed by the researchers was administered to Prof. Dr. Alkan's students determined by the purposive sampling method about his academic characteristics. Based on the data, firstly we described Prof. Alkan’s short life story and academic activities. Afterwards, his academic characteristics which have an important place in today’s educational technology field culture in Turkey were identified. As a conclusion, Prof. Dr. Alkan’s professional qualifications are grouped under three themes: scientific, instructor and personality characteristics

CONCEITOS RELEVANTES DE CUSTOS: A VISÃO DE TEXTOS DIDÁTICOS, O OLHAR DA TEORIA DA CONTABILIDADE E A PERCEPÇÃO DE DISCENTES

Um domínio apropriado dos conceitos básicos da Contabilidade de Custos e uma análise das suas características são essenciais para o desenvolvimento da Teoria Contábil e para a tomada efetiva de decisões. Este trabalho buscou comparar a apresentação de tópicos didáticos com conceitos atuais da Teoria de Contabilidade e a percepção dos discentes, aferindo a compreensão de alguns termos associados à Contabilidade de Custos e explorados no contexto da disciplina Teoria da Contabilidade. Foram discutidos os conceitos de ativos, receitas, despesas, ganhos e perdas. Examinou-se uma amostra composta por 591 alunos matriculados em Cursos de Ciências Contábeis que já haviam freqüentado a disciplina Teoria da Contabilidade em instituições de ensino superior localizadas na cidade de Salvador (BA). Os procedimentos quantitativos envolveram três fases distintas, formadas pela análise descritiva dos dados; pela compreensão das associações entre as respostas e o tipo de IES – apresentado como pública ou privada; pelo estudo da associação entre as respostas e a titulação do docente – separados em não titulados, mestres e doutores e; pelo uso da regressão logística que buscou entender como a acurácia dos conceitos aprendidos pode ser alterada a partir do tipo de IES ou da titulação do docente. Os resultados obtidos foram significativos para a titulação: à medida que evolui a titulação do docente, melhor o desempenho manifestado pelos discentes em relação ao domínio dos conceitos relevantes da Contabilidade de Custos. As constatações aqui observadas revelam a importância da titulação dos docentes de Teoria da Contabilidade e indicam que o avanço do estudo destes profissionais em cursos de Mestrado e Doutorado contribui para a melhoria do uso efetivo da Contabilidade de Custos.

DA PRESENÇA SENSÍVEL

Sob o olhar analítico orientado pelo memorial acadêmico para obtenção do título de livre-docente, de autoria de Ignacio Assis Silva, estas reflexões procuram trazer à luz a questão da presença sensível relativa ao sujeito afetado pelo mundo, este que aparece ao sujeito como acontecimento, na medida em que o mesmo sujeito, dado na intersecção entre o inteligível e o sensível, ora se realiza, ora se mobiliza, ou, mediante um grau menor de tonicidade da própria voz, pode ter a tensão interna diminuída a ponto de, da distensão, atingir o desligamento de si. A noção de presença sensível, sem fazer silenciar o sujeito discursivo, judicativo e ético, entendido como aquele responsável por avaliações moralizantes necessárias à instituição da enunciação enunciada, contempla o sujeito nas profundidades figurais de todo e qualquer discurso, para confrontar o estilo autoral com o estilo dos gêneros.

Prof. Hulusi Behcet (1889–1948)

Prof. Dr. Hulusi Behcet is a famous Turkish physician. He was the one who discovered the Behcet's Disease and he studied many topics on dermatology. Dr. Behcet was born on 20 February 1889 in Istanbul. He graduated from Gulhane Military Medical Academy and completed his specialization in 1914. Between 1918 and 1919, he went to Budapest and to Berlin's Charity Hospital to improve his medical knowledge. He was appointed as the head-physician at the Hasky Venereal Disease Hospital in Istanbul in 1923. Six months later, he was appointed as dermatologist to Gureba Hospital which is now a part of the Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, for which he received the title of professor in 1933. After the 1933 University Reform, he set up the department of dermatology and venereal diseases. Prof. Dr. Hulusi Behcet was the first Turkish who received the title of Professor in the Turkish academic life.

PROFESSOR MICHAEL WILLIAMS 1935–2009

PROFESSOR MICHAEL WILLIAMS 1935–2009

Females in the professoriate at The University of Melbourne

For the first 120 years from its establishment in 1854 the University of Melbourne had an all-male professoriate. Personal chairs were established in 1964 in order to recognise and reward exceptionally distinguished academics that were not heads of departments; the first female professor was appointed to such a chair in 1975. The first female Departmental Head with the title of professor followed in 1979 and our guest of honour, Nancy Millis was appointed to a Personal Chair in Microbiology in 1982 – only the fourth female professor ever. This paper traces the growth in female numbers in the professoriate, which, in 2008, stood at 85 out of about 410 – that is only about 21% - but growing, as outstanding female candidates reach the required level of distinction.

The migrating adenomyoma: past views on the etiology of adenomyosis and endometriosis

This article discusses the history surrounding the debate on the etiopathology of endometriosis, specifically deep infiltrating endometriosis, and traces the controversies in its management that are as pertinent today as they were when the disease was first described in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Professor Antonio Branco Lefèvre: the forefather of child neurology in Brazil

To report on the life and works of Prof. Antonio Branco Lefèvre and the relevance that led him to be considered the Forefather of Child Neurology in Brazil. The method utilized was the historical documents research; bibliographical. Antonio Branco Lefèvre (1916-1981) was born in São Paulo city; graduated in 1941 from the São Paulo Medical School. The date--1950--can be considered when Child Neurology took shape for a fully specialty, when Lefèvre presented his two internationally acclaimed thesis. Lefèvre was recognized as he founder of Child Neurology in Brazil since the early years of his brilliant academic activities. In 1967 achieved the title of professor in the Child Neurology Clinic. His numerous trainees and Residents--from -1950 to 1981--held today key positions in Brazilian Child Neurology. The extension and importance of the Child Neurology School of which he is the legitimate founder is recognized.

Table of Contents

Abstract Cover Story Learn what programs, policies promote Hispanic student success Help Hispanic students succeed with proven strategies Get ready for demographic shifts Celebrate all students News Briefing Michigan bans domestic partner benefits Congress, ED address student loan crisis UF med school dean relieved of duties Compare graduation rates with peer institutions' GI Bill update earns House, Senate approval Dean Dialogue Encourage networking to promote sustainability efforts Strategic Planning Save students, institution money with customized textbooks Data drives decision to choose customized textbooks The Bottom Line Executive Management Encourage teamwork to meet your institution's goals What Would You Do? The Problem How do you handle complaints about politics in the classroom? The Solution Carefully review situation, invite discussion Next time… Lawsuits & Rulings FACULTY Appeals court finds college's action isn't ripe for review ADMINISTRATION Harvard tries to prevent attachment of antiquities in action against Iran DISCRIMINATION 10th Cir. upholds dismissal of adjunct professor's Title VII claim PERSONNEL University doesn't need a hearing to fire probationary employee DISMISSAL Expelled student sues again, 7th Cir. threatens sanctions Resources/Names in the News Review report to compare your state's community college usage Consider data on gender differences in educational performance Get tips for creating a family‐friendly work environment NAMES IN THE NEWS Graduate studies dean selected as provost

IA column: It's not what you think, but how you think

IA column: It's not what you think, but how you think

Oswaldo Paulo Forattini: epidemiologista, entomologista e humanista

Born on January 10, 1924, in Rosario de Santa Fe, Argentina, and naturalized Brazilian in 1946, Professor Forattini was the only child of immigrant parents from Italy who arrived in Brazil at the early of the 1930s. He grew up in a fam-ily environment in which he spoke in Portuguese to his father, and in French and Italian to his mother. As well as mastering these three languages, he also became fl uent in Spanish and English and had a great interest in studying Latin. As a scholar, he advocated that books should be read in the language in which they were written. One of the fi rst books that he had the pleasure of receiving as a gift from his mother, on his twelfth birthday, was a copy of The Divine Comedy, written in archaic Italian.Because he was the only child of a couple without any family in Brazil, and because of the intellectual training that he received with his parents’ encourage-ment, he became passionate about literature, history, classical music and arts. From a very young age, he would go to concerts at the Municipal Theater of Sao Paulo on Sundays, and he would listen to classical music every day. In this way, he was able not only to identify the composer, but also the orchestra and soloist. Nonetheless, he also enjoyed other kinds of music, such as jazz, blues and regional music and used to read and write poetry. Therefore, Professor Forattini was very familiar with many works in depth and could describe musical pieces and works of literature, history and art in detail. He was a lover of words and life.During his secondary school education in the city of Sao Paulo, he thought about studying history, but with time he entered the University College to sit the university entrance examination for the medical course. Classifi ed in fi rst place, he became a student in the Faculdade de Medicina (School of Medicine) of the Universidade de Sao Paulo, in 1946.Just after graduating in medicine in 1949, Professor Forattini was accepted into what was then the Faculdade de Higiene e Saude Publica (School of Hygiene and Public Health) of the Universidade de Sao Paulo as an assistant lecturer in the Department of Parasitology and Rural Hygiene. Thus he began his university career. He started conducting studies within medical entomology in 1950, with the researcher John Lane, and subsequently within public health, in 1957. In May 1954, at the age of 30, Professor Forattini was awarded the title of Professor through examination of his thesis on “Algumas observacoes sobre biologia de fl ebotomos, em regiao da Bacia do Rio Parana (Diptera, Psychodidae), (Brasil)” (Some observations on the biology of phlebotomine sandfl ies in the region of the Parana River Basin). Five years later, he obtained the position of Adjunct Professor of the Chair of Applied Parasitology and Rural Hygiene through competition. In 1966, Professor Forattini achieved the position of Chair of Epidemiology, through presenting a thesis under the title “Investigacoes sobre focus naturais de arbovirus” (Investigations on natural foci of arboviruses), and in 1970 he took up the position of Head of the Department of Epidemiology. At the Department, “he printed the vision of the epidemiologist, beyond or above the speci fi c areas of knowledge” in the words of Professor Maria Lucia Lebrao, current Head of the Department.

A Hundred Horizons: The Indian Ocean in the Age of Global Empire (review)

Reviewed by: A Hundred Horizons: The Indian Ocean in the Age of Global Empire Ned Bertz A Hundred Horizons: The Indian Ocean in the Age of Global Empire. By Sugata Bose. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2006. 333 pp. $27.95 (cloth). Revealing early on that his title is paraphrased from none other than Fernand Braudel, Sugata Bose alerts his readers that he intends his book to be an epic journey of "human agency, imagination, and action" (p. 4) carried on the warm waves of the Indian Ocean. This body of water's scholarship suffers neglect in comparison to the rich literatures of the Atlantic, Mediterranean, and Pacific. This was clear from the unfortunate omission of the Indian Ocean from The American Historical Review's otherwise stimulating June 2006 forum on "Oceans of History." Who better than Bose, then—with a title of Professor of Oceanic History and Affairs at Harvard University—to captain Indian Ocean studies back into the conversation with theorists of oceanic world history and globalization? While he does sail into this discussion briefly, and with incisive skill, the author's eyes are fonder of other horizons: those that bound Indian Ocean world historiography, especially as seen from the shores of South Asia. It is here that Bose makes his greatest contributions, in particular by extending early modern understandings of the Indian Ocean into the twentieth century, in exploring cosmopolitan notions of anticolonialism across the region, and through the South Asianist project of deterritorializing Indian nationalism. One tension that has long beset Indian Ocean studies, like other transnational or world or global historical fields, is the question of balancing the ebb and flow of movement with the power structures that prevent or control it. At a 2002 conference on the Indian Ocean world, South Asian historian Vinay Lal of UCLA commented, in response to many papers about interregional flows and fluidity, that we needed to think more about "constipating" the Indian Ocean world. On the other end of the balance, the dominant view established by leading historians Kenneth McPherson and Michael Pearson is that European global empires sundered or subordinated preexisting Indian Ocean [End Page 377] linkages while fusing the region to the world economy. Bose offers a nuanced corrective by borrowing from Ranajit Guha, founder of India's subaltern studies collective, to argue that Europeans merely achieved "dominance without hegemony" in the Indian Ocean: "The peoples of the Indian Ocean made their own history, albeit not without having to contend with economic exploitation and political oppression, and the oceanic space supplied a key venue for articulating different universalisms from the one to which Europe claimed monopoly" (p. 273). The human agents Bose follows to illustrate his argument are a motley crew: Indian laborers in the oilfields of Bahrain and on the rubber plantations of Malaya; Gujarati merchants in Zanzibar and Tamil financiers in Burma; Indian soldiers deployed overseas in service of the British empire to France, Mesopotamia, and Southeast Asia; "expatriate patriots" such as Mohandas Gandhi in South Africa and Subhas Chandra Bose, who marched from Singapore to northeastern India with an army of colonial liberation during World War II; Muslim hajjis who traveled from India to Arabia on spiritual pilgrimage; and finally Rabindranath Tagore, whose peripatetic poetry written while on oceanic voyages made him a pilgrim of another sort, one in search of a "Greater India." This dazzling ensemble provides Bose with just a handful of the "hundred horizons" that represent the varied shared experiences found across the interregional Indian Ocean arena. Bose argues that the same scholars who sought out a precolonial Indian Ocean world "organic unity" inevitably read its collapse with the coming of European power (p. 20). Bose tells us that we must instead "keep in play an Indian Ocean interregional arena of economic and cultural interaction as an analytical unit while avoiding the pitfalls of assuming any uncomplicated and unsustainable thesis about continuity" (p. 21). The method employed here is to sketch the histories of the "circular migrants" listed above, centering their encounters with the Indian Ocean as the backdrop. However, one can see the challenge in trying to hold these stories together within a single ambitious book. One downside of...

The role of vasoactive intestinal peptide in neuroprotection: interview with Professor Illana Gozes

Professor Illana Gozes was interviewed by Emma Quigley (Senior Editor, Expert Opinion) on 17th April 2007.Professor Illana Gozes BSc, PhD holds the titles of Professor of Clinical Biochemistry; The Lily and Avraham Gildor Chair for the Investigation of Growth Factors; Director of Adams Super Center for Brain Studies and Levi-Edersheim-Gitter fMRI Institute; Head of the Dr Diana and Zelman Elton (Elbaum) Laboratory for Molecular Neuroendocrinology, Tel Aviv University and Chief Scientific Officer, Allon Therapeutics, Inc., Vancouver BC, Canada. Professor Gozes has served as a member (or chair) of several faculty, university or national and international committees and she currently serves on the Board of Directors of Allon Therapeutics, the Scientific Review Board of the ISOA, and is the Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Molecular Neuroscience. Professor Gozes has received a number of scientific awards for her work including the Landau Award for an excellent PhD dissertation, the Juludan Prize and the Teva Founders Prize for exceptional scientific studies that may lead to biotechnology developments as well as the Bergmann Prize and the Neufeld award for outstanding/leading US-Israel BSF grant proposals, and has published extensively in the fields of molecular neuroscience and neuroprotection (> 200 scientific manuscripts). She is co-inventor of > 15 patents and applications, including the composition of matter patent on AL-108 and AL-208, Allon's lead compounds. Professor Gozes received a BSc from Tel Aviv University, a PhD from The Weizmann Institute of Science and was a Weizmann Postdoctoral Fellow at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Research Associate/Visiting Scientist at the Salk Institute and the Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation, a Senior Scientist/Associate Professor at the Weizmann Institute and a Fogarty-Scholar-in-Residence at the National Institutes of Health (USA). Professor Gozes directs a very active research laboratory at Tel Aviv University and is mentoring and has mentored directly ∼ 50 graduate students toward their MSc or PhD degrees.

Contribuições ao estudo dos valores pessoais, laborais e organizacionais

Este trabalho teve por objetivo fazer um breve histórico do meu interesse pelo estudo dos valores e discutir algumas das minhas contribuições científicas na área dos valores pessoais, laborais e organizacionais. O estímulo para escrever este texto foi o recebimento do título de professor emérito da Universidade de Brasília. Inicialmente, descrevi a minha trajetória de ensino e de pesquisa na Université de Moncton, no Canadá e na Universidade de Brasília. Os elementos discutidos neste relato representam indicadores da minha contribuição ao estudo dos valores pessoais, laborais e organizacionais.

Bernardino Ramazzini: the father of occupational medicine.

Bernardino Ramazzini was born on October 4, 1633, in the small town of Capri located in the duchy of Modula, Italy. He is credited with establishing the field of occupational medicine during his lifetime. His major contributions came after 1682, when Duke Francesco II of Modena assigned him to establish a medical department at the University of Modena. He was installed in the title of professor "Medicinae Theoricae." In 1700, Ramazzini was appointed chair of practical medicine in Padua, Republic of Venice, the premier medical faculty in Italy. In 1700, he wrote the seminal book on occupational diseases and industrial hygiene, De Morbis Artificum Diatriba (Diseases of Workers). Although Ramazzini is perhaps most well known for his work on exposure to toxic materials, he wrote extensively about diseases of the musculoskeletal system. In particular, he warned of the problems of inactivity and poor postures inherent in some jobs.

A tale of two pediatricians.

Pediatrics as a medical discipline has shared an ambivalent relationship with child psychiatry and behavior. However, a number of pediatricians over the years have had great interest in psychosocial matters. Abraham Jacobi was critical of infant nurseries or “infant asylums.”1 In 1911 Henry Chapin, president of the American Pediatric Society, and his wife created the Alice Chapin Adoption Nursery, which prepared abandoned children for adoption.2 Benjamin Rachford, first professor of pediatrics at the University of Cincinnati, wrote a text in 1905, “Neurotic Disorders of Children.”3 Arnold Gesell, a psychologist at Yale and founder of the Child Development Clinic there in 1911, later took medical training and after graduation was given the title of professor of pediatrics.4 Isaac Abt, first president of the American Academy of Pediatrics, edited a textbook of pediatrics in 1925 that devoted at least 200 pages to psychiatric problems of children.5 Bronson Crothers, the father of pediatric neurology, involved a social worker in his clinic at Boston Children’s Hospital in 1926 and made failed attempts to involve a psychiatrist, “rather half-heartedly on both sides.” He also wrote A Pediatrician in Search of Mental Hygiene. 6 A pioneer in pediatrics, Harry Bakwin7, wrote a classic paper titled “Loneliness in Infants” in 1925, and later with his wife, Ruth, wrote a textbook on childhood behavior disorders. Two pediatricians deserve special recognition because of their contribution to general pediatric practice, to academic pediatrics, and to sensitizing and educating pediatricians to issues of growth and development and behavior. Both were of the same age, had similar interests, and at one time even worked in the same setting. But their careers and accomplishments became quite different. Milton J. E. Senn (1902–1990) was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. He was a graduate of the University of Wisconsin … Reprint requests to (J.B.R.) 34 Hunters Lane, Hendersonville, NC 28791-1665

Nikolai Andreevich Lebedev and the Leningrad School of Function Theory in the 50s–70s

Nikolai Andreevich Lebedev was born on August 8, 1919, in Krasnovochka Village, Oleninski district of Kalinin (now Tver’) oblast, in the family of a railway worker. In 1937, N. A. Lebedev was graduated from high school and became a student of Leningrad University. In 1941, Nikolai Andreevich completed the fourth year at the Faculty of Mathematics and Mechanics and entered the People’s Volunteer Corps. In July of 1941, he was sent for study to the Leningrad Airforce Academy (now the A. F. Mozhaisky University of Space Engineering). In 1944, N. A. Lebedev was graduated from the Engineering Faculty and began to teach mathematics at the Academy. In 1946, after the return of the Academy to Leningrad, N. A. completed the course at Leningrad University. Working at the Academy, Nikolai Andreevich showed himself to be an excellent teacher. He was a master of style; his lectures were strict and deep. He did a lot of scientific consulting for students and staff of the Academy. This work reflected his high level of inventiveness and his ability to solve various mathematical problems by simple and elegant methods. These qualities of N. A. Lebedev were characteristic for all of his research. Sergei Mikhailovich Lozinsky and many other Leningrad mathematicians worked at the Academy. S. M. Lozinsky was one of the first in recognizing the mathematical abilities of N. A. Lebedev. Later, S. M. Lozinsky played a large role in the life of N. A. Lebedev. On the advice of Sergei Mikhailovich, N. A. Lebedev began to participate in the seminar in geometric function theory (GFT). Gennady Mikhailovich Goluzin, the head of the seminar, was a world-renowned scientist. At the same time, Isaak Moiseevich Milin also participated in Goluzin’s seminar. The work at the seminar and personal scientific contacts with Gennady Mikhailovich determined the scientific interests of N. A. Lebedev and I. M. Milin; GTF became the main research field of their lives. From that time on, N. A. Lebedev and I. M. Milin were closed friends; their common scientific interests promoted their friendship. In the beginning of 1951, N. A. Lebedev and M. I. Milin defended their candidate’s dissertations in GTF at the Scientific Counsil of Leningrad University (G. M. Goluzin insisted that both dissertations were defended at the same day). In 1951, the dissertations were approved by the Highest Attestation Committee. In 1951, N. A. Lebedev began to teach at the Chair of Mathematical Analysis of Leningrad University (simultaneously with teaching at the Academy). From that time, Nikolai Andreevich was permanently connected with the University. After Goluzin’s death in 1952, N. A. Lebedev became the head of the seminar in GTF founded by G. M. Goluzin. In 1955, N. A. defended his doctoral dissertation; in 1957, he received the title of professor. From his demobilization in 1968 till the end of his life, N. A. Lebedev was professor of the Chair of Mathematical Analysis of Leningrad University. In his research, N. A. Lebedev developed with dignity the traditions of the St. Petersburg–Leningrad mathematical school. His results influenced the development of GFT in our country. This theory studies general classes of functions defined on simply connected domains, on multiply connected domains, or on Riemann surfaces. The peculiarity of GFT is determined by the following fact: this theory is concentrated mostly on properties of the above-mentioned classes as classes of mappings and pays less attention to analytic representations of functions from these classes. For this reason, methods of GFT are mostly geometric. Many basic problems of GFT are connected with univalent functions. N. A. Lebedev began his research at the end of the 1940s. At that time, GFT was a relatively young field. The following methods composed the list of main tools of the theory: the area method (and the method of contour integration closely connected with the area method), Lowner’s method of parametric representations (the first nonelementary method of GFT), and variational methods (methods of boundary and interior variations developed by M. Schiffer and the method of inner variations developed by G. M. Goluzin in 1946-47).

Pioneers and milestones

The author had the good fortune of being a Fellow in the Allergy and Immunology Program at the University of Colorado while the Ishizakas were in Denver. Kimi and Terry would come to the division meetings and present periodic updates on the work in progress. It was clear very early on that they were onto something of major importance. It was a privilege to watch the discovery of a new immunoglobulin as a work in progress. Kimishige Ishizaka was born in Tokyo, Japan, on December 3, 1925. He received his MD from the University of Tokyo in 1948 and his DrMedSci in Immunology from the same university in 1954. In his presidential address to the American Association of Immunologists in 1985, he credited his interest in immunology to his mentor as a medical student, Professor Keizo Nakamura, who was studying mediators of anaphylaxis at the time. Teruko Ishizaka was born on September 28, 1926. She received her MD from Tokyo Women’s Medical College in 1949 and her PhD from the University of Tokyo in 1955. Kimi and Terry Ishizaka (Fig 1) were married in 1949. They spent the next 8 years in Professor Nakamura’s laboratory studying mechanisms of anaphylaxis. These studies might have influenced their later decision to attempt to identify the skin-sensitizing antibodies (reagins). Concurrently, Kimi Ishizaka also held the titles of Professor of Experimental Research and Chief of the Division of Immunoserology at the National Institutes of Health in Tokyo. In 1957, Kimi and Terry became postdoctoral fellows in Dan Campbell’s laboratory at Caltech. Their research dealt with the biologic activities of soluble immune complexes. An important product of this research was recognition that the ratio of antigen to antibody in the complexes determined some of their biologic activities. For example, complexes that contained 2 or more molecules of antibody would activate complement and elicit inflammatory reactions in skin, whereas complexes that contained 2 molecules of antigen and only 1 molecule of antibody would not. This model of bridging of antibody molecules by