Sugar Beet Tissue Research Articles

Cytidine Triphosphate Polymerase Activity Associated with Isolated Chromatin of Sugar Beets

Abstract A nucleotidyltransferase associated with the chromatinrich fraction of sugar beet tissue has been isolated. The product of the enzyme-catalyzed reaction is a ribohomopolymer. The reaction requires Mg2+ or Mn2+ for activity. In the presence of Mg2+ only CTP is utilized as substrate, however, in the presence of Mn2+, ATP, GTP, and UTP are also utilized but much less than CTP. When Mg2+ is present at optimal concentration (37.5 mm) the addition of Mn2+ to the reaction inhibits CMP incorporation. Incorporation of CMP is inhibited by DNase I, trypsin, other nucleoside triphosphates (ATP, GTP, and UTP), and inorganic pyrophosphate, but not by pancreatic RNase and actinomycin D. It is concluded that the enzyme activity can be classified as a CTP-polymerase.

Accumulation of Oxalate in Tissues of Sugar-beet, and the Effect of Nitrogen Supply

Accumulation of Oxalate in Tissues of Sugar-beet, and the Effect of Nitrogen Supply

The interaction of rates of phosphate application with fertilizer placement and fertilizer applied at planting time on the chemical composition of sugar beet tissue, yield, percent sucrose, and apparent purity of sugar beet roots

/\n experiment was initiated in 1959 wtth the follmving objectives: 1) determining the minimum amount of phosphate fertili zer to be applied at pl antingtime in relation to the total applica tion without significantly decreas ing the early growth or final yield of roots , and 2) the amount of preplant phosphate re­ quired to best complement the planting-time fertilizer. An addl­ tional objective was included in 1061 in 'which the method of placement of the planting-time fertilizer and its interact ion with the amount of preplant phosphate was investigated.

The glycolytic enzymes in the conducting tissues of sugar beet

1. 1. The following enzymes of glycolysis have been detected in the fibrovascular bundles of sugar beet: hexokinase, phosphohexose isomerase, and aldolase. Phosphoglucomutase was not found. This suggests that the glycolytic process plays an important role in transformations of sugars in the conducting system of sugar beet. This is confirmed by the constant presence, in the conducting bundles, of glucose 6-phosphate and fructose 6-phosphate, while phosphoric esters which are typical of the pentose phosphate pathway are not found. 2. 2. The activity of hexokinase and aldolase is higher in the fibrovascular bundles than in the parenchyma of the petioles surrounding them. 3. 3. Hexokinase is detected in the conducting bundles during the entire period of vegetation. Its highest activity is observed during intensive accumulation of sucrose in the roots (August). 4. 4. The high activity of glycolytic enzymes and intensive respiration (1–3) in the fibrovascular bundles compels us to regard the conducting tissue as a metabolically highly active system. This is possibly related to the translocation that occurs in these tissues.

A Germination Inhibitor from Sugar-Beet

There is present in the water extract of sugar-beet seed balls an unsaturated yellow oil which is capable of inhibiting germination of various seeds. It also inhibits salt uptake and the respiration of sugar-beet tissue disks. The activity of the polyphenolase enzyme present in beet tissue is also depressed. The role of the oil in inhibition of sugar-beet germination is discussed.