A layer of water film will form on the road surface in rainy weather. Due to the lubrication effect of water film, the anti-skid ability of driving vehicles decreases, which will lead to road traffic accidents. The contact between water film, tread rubber and pavement surface texture is the most direct and concrete when a vehicle travels on wet sliding road surface. Their respective characteristics and coupling effects provide the basis and essential source of tire-road friction. Based on this, in this paper a tire-road anti-skid safety risk model under rainy weather with friction coefficient as evaluation criterion was established by analyzing the fractal characteristics of asphalt pavement surface texture and the viscoelastic properties of rubber tire. Then the correctness of the model was verified by DF test. The test results show that the trend of friction curve calculated by the model is similar to that measured by DF test, which verifies that the model can be used to calculate and characterize the anti-sliding performance of road surface in rainy weather.