The following case, in a Chinese infant, is reported because of peculiar lesions of uncertain etiology involving many bones of both hands and forearms. It terminated in complete recovery without special treatment except for a liberal addition of oranges to the diet. Case Report J. Y., Chinese male, was born at full term, the second child of a family of four. He was weaned at the age of four months and received thereafter a diet composed mainly of sterilized cow's milk and flour paste. Orange and tomato juice were added after the age of three months but were not available when the infant was nine months old. By the end of November 1939, at the age of eleven months, some swelling of the left middle finger, thought to be chilblains, was noticed. In addition, the child was likely to cry when handled, caught cold easily, was fretful, and slept poorly. At about the same time, there was an attack of fever accompanied by moderate swelling of the right submaxillary region, which lasted for two weeks. The left middle finger subsequently became more swollen and tender, but with no signs of infection, and a month later the right middle finger and the dorsum of the right hand also became swollen. The patient was then brought to the hospital for observation, at the age of fourteen months. The infant was well developed and well nourished. The skin and mucous membranes were pale. The teeth and gums were in good condition There was no jaundice, nor were petechiae or signs of bleeding anywhere discoverable. The heart and lungs appeared normal. The liver was not enlarged. The spleen was just palpable. There was firm swelling of the left second and third fingers, right middle finger, and dorsum of the right hand. There was no adenopathy. The red cell Count was 3,900,000; white cell count 12,750 (polymorphonuclears 40 per cent, lymphocytes 50 per cent, monocytes 7 per cent, eosinophils 3 per cent). The blood platelet count was 130,000 per c.mm. Kahn and Ring tests were negative, and the stools were negative for blood and ova. The first x-ray examination of the left hand (Fig. 1), on Feb. 16, 1940, two and a half months after the onset of symptoms, showed some widening of the shaft of the proximal phalanx of the third finger with a few tiny punched-out areas of rarefaction distally. The outline of the distal two-thirds of the same bone seemed slightly irregular. The middle phalanx of the same finger and the proximal phalanx of the fourth finger appeared slightly expanded. The x-ray diagnosis was indeterminate. Because of probable lack of vitamin C in the diet, and in view of some of the clinical signs and symptoms, the possibility of infantile scurvy was entertained. This suspicion was subsequently strengthened by a strongly positive capillary resistance test and the presence of many red blood cells in the urine. It was then decided to increase the vitamin C intake through the addition to the diet of three or four locally grown oranges daily.