Rest Time Research Articles

The Impact of Implementing a Specific Time Work Agreement (PKWT) on the Performance of Contract Employees at PT Yachiyo Trimitra Indonesia

In Indonesia, matters related to how work is carried out always begin with an agreement between the employer and the recipient of the work through a written or verbal work agreement. An employment agreement is made to determine the boundaries between what are the rights and obligations of the employee and what are the rights and obligations of the employer (employer). Meanwhile, if in carrying out work that has been mutually agreed upon in a written agreement, one of the parties violates or behaves outside of what has been agreed upon and harms one of the parties or violates the provisions of the law, then the work agreement can be canceled and the rights and obligations of the parties must be resolved through a dispute resolution mechanism by referring to the applicable laws. Of course, the work agreement text that has been mutually agreed between the employer and the recipient of the work is also an important document for resolving disputes between the parties. Since the promulgation of Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation, especially the regulations contained in Government Regulation Number 35 of 2021 concerning "Specified Time Work Agreements, Outsourcing, Working Time and Rest Time, and Termination of Employment Relations," there have been many changes in implementation. specific time work agreement (PKWT). This will of course affect the performance of workers whose work status is as PKWT workers. The impact that arises for PKWT workers on their work performance can be positive or negative. This change in the implementation of the PKWT is certainly a very important thing, because if it is not controlled properly it will result in an automatic change in the status of workers from having the status of a fixed-term work agreement to an indefinite-term work agreement, as well as the rights and obligations obtained by workers. will change.

APPLICATION FOR TERMINATION OF EMPLOYMENT BY WORKERS / LABORERS BECAUSE THEY ARE LAID OFF WITHOUT WAGES MORE FROM MOON

Government in November 2020 passed Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation, then in February 2021 the Government stipulated implementing regulations from Law Number 11 of 2020, namely Government Regulation Number 35 of 2021 concerning Certain Time Work Agreements, Outsourcing, Working Time, and Rest Time, and Termination of Employment. On March 11, 2020, the world health organization World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 as a Global Pandemic, and on April 13, 2020, the Government of Indonesia issued a Presidential Decree of the Republic of Indonesia Number 12 of 2020 concerning the Determination of Non-Natural Disasters for the Spread of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) as National Disasters. People infected with the Covid-19 outbreak every day continue to increase, as well as the number of deaths due to the Covid-19 outbreak continues to grow. The Central Government and the Dareah Government issued policies to prevent and overcome the spread of the COVID-19 outbreak, namely by implementing Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) and the Implementation of Community Activity Restrictions (PPKM). With the existence of PSBB and PPKM by the Government, several sectors, especially the accommodation provision sector, tourism business, food and beverage business, real estate, and construction, have experienced a direct impact as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic and the existence of PSBB and PPKM. The tourism sector, especially hotels, has experienced a decrease in income due to the lack of guests staying, forcing employers to lay off their workers/workers without providing wages to reduce expenses and save company finances. This thesis research analyzes the impact arising from workers/workers being laid off without being given wages and legal considerations on the decision of the Industrial Relations Court at the Central Jakarta District Court with case number: 398 / Pdt. Sus PHI / 2021 / PN. JKT. PST. The purpose of this decision analysis is to find out the Request for Termination of Employment (PHK) by Workers / Workers because they were laid off for more than three months without wages based on Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation.

Perlindungan Hukum Pekerja Terhadap Perjanjian Kerja

Introduction: Labor law guarantees that every worker has the right to a decent livelihood for humanity, one of which is realized in the form of wages and employers are prohibited from paying wages under the minimum wage provisions. This emphasizes the provision of legal protections for workers to ensure the fulfillment of workers' basic rights. However, in practice there are stillemployers who provide workers with wages below the minimum wage. Sothat workers have difficulty meeting their needs and workers' right to a decent livelihood for humanity is not achieved. Purposes of the Research: to find out and analyze the implementation of the employment agreement and the legal protection of workers against the employment agreement. Methods of the Research: This research uses the normative legal research method which is carried out by examining legal materials to answer the legal issues faced.Results of the Research: The results showed that the implementation of the employment agreement had met the requirements of the employment agreement, but the entrepreneur CV Gemilang Sukses defaulted on the wage element. Because, in the employment agreement, CV Gemilang Sukses employers promised to pay workers' wages according to the Ambon City Minimum Wage. However, in its implementation, it turns out that the entrepreneur CV Gemilang Sukses pays workers' wages below the Ambon City Minimum Wage. Then, the legal protection that workers can get from employment agreements is in the form of legal protection of workers for wages, work time, rest time and time off from working overtime, disabled workers, female workers, pregnant, childbirth, child labor, occupational safety and health, termination of employment, labor social security and morals, decency and treatment according to human dignity and dignity. . Such protection can be provided through preventive legal protections such as the creation of employment agreements and the filing of objections before signing employment agreements and through the protection of repressive laws, namely the establishment of efforts to resolve labor disputes. The existence of legal protection in order to ensure the fulfillment of the basic rights of workers, equalityvtreatment without discrimination for the realization of welfare for workers and their families, taking into account the progress of the business world and the interests of employers.

외국인선원(E-10)의 인권 침해 실태와 개선방안

In the rural areas of Korean society, it is difficult to supply labour as the economically active population is declining. As a result, the demand for foreign workers is increasing rapidly, especially in the shipping industry, where foreign seafarers are recognized as an important labour force, and efforts are continuously being made to increase the number of foreign seafarers. However, foreign seafarers are exposed to the risk of human rights violations due to their special working environment and foreign status, and problems continue to arise. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare measures to prevent human rights violations of foreign seafarers and to improve the actual situation.
 Accordingly, based on this awareness of the problem, this study examined the actual conditions of foreign seafarers, focusing on reports about them. As a result of the review of domestic law and international human rights law, various problems were identified, such as the failure to guarantee the basic rights of foreign seafarers, the lack of working time regulations, the confiscation of passports and problems with employment contracts, and illegal activities due to dualisation. In order to solve these problems, this study proposed the following measures to improve the human rights of foreign seafarers. First, in order to resolve the problem of basic rights not being guaranteed due to the dualisation of the legal system, improvements are needed at the legislative level to guarantee minimum wage and prevent illegal wage arrears and deductions. Second, in order to solve the problem of the lack of clear regulations on seafarers' working hours, rest time regulations must be established in response to the application of minimum standards for seafarers and the extension of working hours. Thirdly, there is a need to introduce other forms of identification to replace passports or to establish a system for seafarers working at sea. In addition, in order to protect the health, safety, and human rights of seafarers, provisions for termination of employment contracts in special situations based on clear standards are necessary. Fourth, in order to solve the problem of illegal activities in the name of transmission fees or management fees due to dualisation, it is necessary to include provisions related to foreign seafarers in the Seafarers Act and take measures to strengthen the functions and responsibilities of relevant agencies. In addition, the government needs to strengthen specific regulations to ensure that the agreement process between transmission companies and the National Federation of Fisheries Cooperatives, which are agents for transmission fees and management fees, is conducted fairly. Fifth, practical management and supervision must be strengthened to prevent human rights violations arising from inconsistencies between the provisions of the Seafarers' Act and reality. In addition, it is necessary to provide a space for exchanging information by supporting the community of foreign seafarers, and to establish regulations to clearly prevent and monitor human rights violations of seafarers.
 At a time when the need for a policy to protect the human rights of foreign seafarers is being actively discussed, it is expected that the results of this study will be used as a basis for research on the respect and protection of the human rights of foreign seafarers.

Analysis of the influence of artificial intelligence technology on the immersion of game players

Since the application of artificial intelligence in games, a variety of different games have come out, and more and more people consume their rest time by playing games as entertainment. This paper mainly studies the influence of artificial intelligence technology on the immersion of game players and its reflection on the development of games. The purpose of the research is to prove how artificial intelligence technology has an impact on the immersion of game players and what aspects of the game. Mainly through the analysis of the relationship between artificial intelligence and game development, peoples views on the application of artificial intelligence in games and feedback to study. This paper finds that artificial intelligence technology has a very positive and positive impact on the immersion of game players and still has a profound impact on the future development of games.

Path analysis of the role of coping strategies between emotional intelligence and lifestyle habits during COVID-19 lockdown

ABSTRACT The relationship between Emotional Intelligence (EI) and lifestyle choices during the COVID-19 pandemic is obscure and not very well understood. To clarify the mechanisms underlying this relationship, we proposed to test the hypothesis that different coping styles (avoidant and approach) have an indirect effect on the association between EI and many types of lifestyle habits. A cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2020 and January 2021. Our target sample consisted of Lebanese adults from the general population. In path analysis, approach coping mediated the association between EI and different lifestyle habits (rest, nutrition, general physical conditions), but not exercise. Furthermore, avoidant coping did mediate the association between EI and general physical conditions, but not between EI and other lifestyle choices (namely rest, exercise, and nutrition). To conclude, individuals with high EI, and that are users of approach coping strategies to deal with stressors, have increased rest time, healthy nutrition and general physical conditions. This cautiously implies that fostering approach coping may help improve the positive effects of EI on healthy lifestyles during crises such as this pandemic.

THE EFFECT OF EXTRA FOODING ON THE FATIGUE OF FIELD WORKERS (TECHNICAL SERVICES) AT PT PLN (PERSERO) ULP MEDAN SELATAN

This research aims to investigate the effect of extra fooding on the fatigue of field workers at PT PLN (Persero) ULP Medan Selatan. This study considered the impact of additional food intake on fatigue levels, taking into account factors such as physical activity, rest time, working environment conditions, and the type of additional food consumed. The quantitative research method involved 20 engineering service workers who were given additional food in cucumber juice and coconut water. Data was collected before and after consuming extra food, with fatigue levels measured using a psychometrically tested rating scale. Descriptive statistical and regression analyses were performed to establish the relationship between extra food consumption and changes in fatigue levels. The results show that extra fooding has the potential to reduce fatigue in field workers, but the impact may vary depending on contextual factors. In conclusion, a holistic and integrated approach is needed in managing worker fatigue in the field, considering nutritional aspects and other factors that influence their working conditions.

The Impact of Composite Exercises of some of the Physical and Skill Capabilities of Women Soccer Players for Games

The research aims to prepare complex (physical-skill) exercises to develop some physical abilities and basic skills for five-a-side football and to know the moral differences between the pre and post tests in the physical abilities and basic skills of the research sample. The researcher used the experimental method. The 20 players of the Baladi Futsal Club were chosen by the deliberate method, and all the players were 17 years old. The researcher used the following tests of force distinguished by speed: the partridge test on one leg for the maximum distance in (10) seconds, the velocity elongation: the test of rolling the ball for a distance of 30 m X 5 times continuously, the explosive force: kicking the ball as far as possible, the suppression: controlling the stopping of the ball inside a square (2 m) ) From a distance of 6 feet, rolling: rolling between (5) halves, with a distance of (2 meters), scoring: scoring towards a target divided into numbered squares on both sides, handling: handling on the wall for 15 seconds from a distance of 3 meters. After obtaining the results, they were treated statistically, and the researcher obtained the following conclusions that the combined exercises that were developed and were applied in the main experiment had an effective impact on the development of the athletes ’physical and skill abilities. The research method, goals and assumptions that were developed were the first step to obtain real and actual results in the development of the players. And that the use of complex exercises gradually from easy to more difficult has a positive effect on improving the capabilities of players and goalkeepers, physically and skillfully, to reach the required level. The motivation and encouragement factor by the trainer had a positive effect on the players ’psyche, which led them to practice exercises without boredom and with high enthusiasm to reach the required level of physical and skill abilities. In developing the athletes' physical and skill abilities. A questionnaire for exercises for tribal and dimensional tests must be created to obtain appropriate exercises in performing the tests for the research sample. Emphasis must be placed on the psychological side of the players and take into account the circumstances they are going through by setting adequate rest times between exercises

An Exact Approach to the Multi-Compartment Vehicle Routing Problem: The Case of a Fuel Distribution Company

Over the years, the vehicle routing problem has been studied by several authors, creating several extensions, such as the multi-compartment vehicle routing problem. Several studies in the literature have addressed this problem, but few have solved it through exact approaches owing to model convolution. In this way, a mathematical model is proposed for the multi-compartment vehicle routing problem with time windows, in which three types of fuel products are distributed to a set of customers using a limited homogeneous fleet. The model explicitly considers time windows, as well as regulatory rest times for the drivers and time limits for each trip and for working schedules, addressing a real company’s decision support requirements, which is scarce in the literature. The optimal solution determines, for each vehicle, the distribution route and time to carry out the deliveries with the corresponding loading of products to compartments, complemented by the calculation of carbon emissions. The main objective is to minimize the total distance traveled, which corresponds to the sum of the distances traveled by each one of the allocated vehicles. The results allow the assessment of the solution optimization applied to a set of instances for a Portuguese company to evaluate the performance and compare decision support improvements with current baseline company procedures.

Event-triggered consensus control of linear multi-agent systems under intermittent communication

This paper proposes a novel state-based intermittent communication mechanism to study the event-triggered consensus problem of linear multi-agent systems. The main feature of this mechanism is that whether the agents execute the control protocols is based on the current error state. In this communication mechanism, two frontier lines namely safety frontier and intermittence frontier are constructed to monitor the error state. On basis of this, a novel intermittent rule is proposed to arrange the work time and the rest time online with respect to the error state in real time. Then by utilizing state estimates of neighboring agents, a distributed event-triggered protocol is integrated into intermittent communication, under which the overall consensus of multi-agent systems can be realized. It is interesting to see that the events are eliminated during the rest time and the amount of samplings can also be reduced. Compared to the current time-based mechanisms, the proposed state-based intermittent communication mechanism has more tolerant of rest time. At last, a numerical simulation with two cases is provided to verify our results.

My Colleague and I: Contribution of Coworker Support and Self-compassion to Stress Among Health Workers During Health Crises

The devastating Covid-19 pandemic forced health workers to adapt quickly to uncertain circumstances, increasing moral burden, excessive workload, and limited rest time. Many adversities in the hospital setting may increase stress levels due to prolonged and uncertain pandemics. Coworker support and self-compassion are two protective factors that may help health workers to manage stress during the pandemic. This study examined the contribution of coworker support and self-compassion to stress among health workers during the pandemic. A quantitative correlational study using simple random sampling to select samples from a list of referral hospitals for Covid-19 in the Malang area. One hundred seventeen health workers from six randomly selected referral hospitals for Covid-19 completed three instruments: the stress subscale of Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21), Coworker Support Scale, and Self- Compassion Scale (SWD) adapted to the Indonesian population. The linear regression showed that only self-compassion predicted stress levels among health workers. In contrast, coworker support and self-compassion did not contribute simultaneously to the stress levels of health workers during the pandemic. Therefore, maintaining self-compassion is vital to coping with stress while providing adequate health care during health crises.
 Keywords: coworker support, health worker, self-compassion, stress

Sodium butyrate alleviates heat stress-induced damage to morphology, anti-oxidant status, inflammatory response and barrier integrity in jejunum of broilers

To evaluate the protective effects of sodium butyrate (SB) on intestinal morphology, anti-oxidant status, inflammatory response and barrier integrity in male broilers under heat stress. A total of 180 21-d-old male Arbour Acres broilers with similar body weight were used for this 21-d experiment. Broilers were randomly allocated to three groups: CON group, basal diet and raised under 24 °C; HS group, basal diet and raised under heat stress condition (34 °C from 10:00 to 18:00 and 24 °C for the rest time); HS-SB group, basal diet with 1200 mg/kg SB and raised under heat stress condition. Compared to the HS group, SB supplementation increased average daily gain (ADG), villus height: crypt depth ratio (VH: CD), VH, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and interleukin-10 (IL-10) level, decreased feed conversion ratio (FCR), CD, reactive oxygen species (ROS), IL-1β and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) level, up-regulated the mRNA expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, haem oxygenase 1, GSH 1 (GPX1), SOD and CAT, down-regulated the mRNA expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), nuclear transcription factors, IL-1β, and TNF-α in jejunum of heat-stressed broilers. Furthermore, SB supplementation up-regulated the mRNA expression of occluding, claudin-1 and zona occludens-1 (ZO-1) in jejunum of heat-stressed broilers, accompanied with decreasing serum endotoxin and D-lactic acid concentration, and diamine oxidase (DAO) activity. There results suggested that SB supplementation could alleviate heat stress-induced jejunal tight junction structure dysfunction by up-regulated the expression of occluding, claudin-1 and ZO-1, presumably through alleviating oxidative stress and inflammatory response. HIGHLIGHTS Sodium butyrate alleviated heat stress-induced jejunal morphology damage. Sodium butyrate alleviated heat stress-induced jejunal oxidative damage. Sodium butyrate alleviated heat stress-induced jejunal inflammatory response. Sodium butyrate alleviated heat stress-induced tight junction structure dysfunction.

Applied OHS With Empirical Ergonomics and Hazard Methods to Minimize Fatigue at KPPS Cerme Gresik

To support fair, honest, and Luber Jurdil elections, public awareness about the importance of healthy politics needs to be increased. Voters who have registered for the permanent election (DPT) must cast five ballots in the 2019 simultaneous elections. Voter participation in the 2019 elections, which reached 81.97%, and legislative participation (Pileg) in 2019, which reached 81.69%, showed a fairly good election organization in 2019. However, this is at odds with the health and safety of KPPS officers. According to the KPU RI, the number of election organizers who died in the 2019 elections was 11,239, with 527 victims dying, based on the results of the Ministry of Health's investigation in 28 provinces. Based on the investigation and analysis of the Indonesian Ministry of Health, the fatigue factor triggered the disease suffered by polling station officers. It is necessary to conduct ergonomic research on KPPS officers in the 2024 elections, which is useful for developing an election polling station model that is comfortable, safe, healthy, effective, and efficient so as to reduce factors that cause fatigue while working. The components studied include workload components, rest time, or the physical work environment at election polling stations. The data collection methods used in this research are observation, interview, direct data, and literature study.The analysis used in this study produces a list of events and classifies the incidence of fatigue of KPPS officers, the most problematic workplace. fatigue classification, Identifying Ergonomic Risk Factor (ERF), Data processing, Analysis and discussion as well as conclusions and suggestions.

Effect of extended heat stress in dairy cows on productive and behavioral traits

This study evaluates the response of dairy cows to short and extended heat stressing conditions (from 1 to 28 days), as expressed in changes in their behavior. Due to climate change, heat stress and strong heat waves are frequently affecting the productivity and behavior of dairy cows. In the five years under study from 2018 to 2022, two were characterized by extremely strong heat waves occurring in the region analyzed in this study (Northern Italy). The dairy cattle farm involved in this study is located in Northern Italy and includes about 1 600 Holstein Friesian lactating dairy cows. Phenotypic data were provided by the Afimilk system and compromised behavioral and productive traits. Behavioral traits analyzed were activity, rest time, rest bouts, rest ratio, rest per bout and restlessness. Production traits were daily milk yield, average milking time, somatic cell count, fat percentage, protein percentage and lactose percentage. Climate data came from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration/Prediction of Worldwide Energy Resources database. Heat stress was analyzed considering Temperature-Humidity Index (THI) averaged over 28 different time windows of continuous heat stress. Results showed that rest time and milk yield were the two traits most affected by the increased THI. Rest time was immediately affected by high THI, showing a marked decrease already from 1d window and maintaining this all over the other windows. Furthermore, results show that rest time and rest ratio were only slightly negatively correlated with milk yield (−0.14 and −0.15). In addition, heat stress has a different effect depending on parity and lactation stages on the studied traits. In conclusion, the results indicate that heat stress increases activity and compromises milk production, rest time and milk quality traits. Results further suggest that rest time can be a better parameter than activity to describe the effects of heat stress on dairy cattle. The novel approach used in this study is based on the use of different time windows (up to 28 days) before the emergence of undesired THI and allows to identify the traits that are immediately influenced by the undesirable THI values and those that are influenced only after a prolonged heat stress period.

Comparison of safety and efficacy of posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) and modified transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (M-TLIF) in the treatment of single-segment lumbar degenerative diseases

ObjectiveTo compare modified transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (M-TLIF) with posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) in the treatment of single-segment lumbar degenerative disorders in order to assess its safety and effectiveness.MethodsFrom January 2016 to January 2021, 74 patients who received single-segment M-TLIF were examined. A total of 74 patients having single-segment PLIF during the same time period were included in a retrospective controlled study using the same inclusion and exclusion criteria. The two groups were compared in terms of the fusion rate, the Oswestry disability index (ODI), the visual analogue scale of low back pain (VAS), the perioperative condition, the postoperative complications, and the postoperative neighbouring segment degeneration.ResultsAll patients had surgery satisfactorily and were monitored for at least a year afterwards. The baseline values for the two groups did not significantly differ. The interbody fusion rate between PLIF (98.65%) and M-TLIF (97.30%) was not significantly different. In the follow-up, the M-TLIF group's VAS score for low back and leg pain was lower than that of the PLIF group. The ODI score of the M-TLIF group was lower than that of the PLIF group at 7 days and 3 months following surgery. Both groups' post-op VAS and ODI scores for low back and leg pain were much lower than those from before the procedure. In M-TLIF group, the operation time, drainage tube extraction time, postoperative bed rest time and hospital stay time were shorter, and the amount of intraoperative blood loss was less. Compared with those before operation, the height of intervertebral space and intervertebral foramen were significantly increased in both groups during postoperative follow-up (P < 0.05). The postoperative complications and adjacent segment degeneration of M-TLIF were significantly lower than those of PLIF.ConclusionsM-TLIF is a safe and effective treatment for lumbar degenerative disorders, with a high fusion rate and no significant difference between M-TLIF and PLIF. M-TLIF's efficacy and safety are comparable to that of PLIF, particularly in terms of early relief of low back pain and improvement in quality of life following surgery. Therefore, M-TLIF technology can be popularized and applied in clinic.

Epileptic seizure clustering and accumulation at transition from activity to rest in GAERS rats.

Knowing when seizures occur may help patients and can also provide insight into epileptogenesis mechanisms. We recorded seizures over periods of several days in the Genetic Absence Epileptic Rat from Strasbourg (GAERS) model of absence epilepsy, while we monitored behavioral activity with a combined head accelerometer (ACCEL), neck electromyogram (EMG), and electrooculogram (EOG). The three markers consistently discriminated between states of behavioral activity and rest. Both GAERS and control Wistar rats spent more time in rest (55-66%) than in activity (34-45%), yet GAERS showed prolonged continuous episodes of activity (23 vs. 18 min) and rest (34 vs. 30 min). On average, seizures lasted 13 s and were separated by 3.2 min. Isolated seizures were associated with a decrease in the power of the activity markers from steep for ACCEL to moderate for EMG and weak for EOG, with ACCEL and EMG power changes starting before seizure onset. Seizures tended to occur in bursts, with the probability of seizing significantly increasing around a seizure in a window of ±4 min. Furthermore, the seizure rate was strongly increased for several minutes when transitioning from activity to rest. These results point to mechanisms that control behavioral states as determining factors of seizure occurrence.

Work-related musculoskeletal complaints and ergonomic risk factors among Egyptian anesthesiologists: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundAnesthesiologists are vulnerable to work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) due to sustained repetitive movements and awkward postures. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of WMSDs among anesthesiologists and to evaluate its association with ergonomic risk factors.MethodsA convenience sample of 380 Egyptian anesthesiologists were invited to participate in this cross-sectional study through an electronic questionnaire. Data were collected from May to August 2022 and involved questions about participants’ demographic, health, and work-related characteristics; the ergonomic risks and perceived hazards; and the musculoskeletal complaints during the past 12 months and 7 days - using Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ). Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate statistical analyses were used to estimate the prevalence of MSD and identify its determinants in the studied sample.ResultsA total of 215 anesthesiologists were included in this study, with a 56.8% response rate, 66% males with an average age of 38 (± 0.7) years. 21% were resident physicians, 47% were specialists, and 32% were consultants. The 12-month prevalence of MSD among anesthesiologists was 71.6% (95% CI: 65.6– 77.7%). Multivariate analysis showed that the main determinants of MSD among the studied sample were age of 45-years and older (OR: 3.22, 95% CI: 1.21–8.52, p = 0.018), regular physical exercise (OR: 0.25, 95% CI: 0.10–0.65, p = 0.005), insufficient rest time between procedures (OR: 2.25, 95% CI: 1.15–4.41, p = 0.018), and three or more awkward postures of the trunk (OR: 3.55, 95% CI: 1.43–8.82, p = 0.006).ConclusionsThe study highlights a high prevalence of WMSDs among Egyptian anesthesiologists, linked to advancing age, lack of regular exercise, insufficient rest between procedures, and frequent awkward postures. Addressing these ergonomic risk factors through targeted workplace interventions is crucial for promoting the overall well-being of anesthesiologists and ensuring the provision of safe anesthesia services.

Analisis Beban Kerja Mental Menggunakan Metode NASA-TLX pada Engineering Departement (Studi Kasus PT. Muliaglass Float Division)

PT Muliaglass Float Division, a subsidiary of PT Mulia Industrindo, operates in the glass and ceramic industry with a large production capacity every day. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the extent of psychological stress and what factors affect it. One way to measure mental workload is NASA-TLX. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) is used to assess emotional mental load. The NASA TLX method is a mental workload measurement method that measures workload by dividing it into six aspects of work elements. NASA-TLX is divided into two phases. That is, comparing each scale and rating job performance. A total of 20 employees of the Engineering Department will be included in the study by distributing questionnaires. The results of the research calculations show an average Weight Work Load (WWL) score of 62.67 which falls into the high category. Further evaluation revealed influencing variables, including lack of rest time, lack of work office, and lack of inspiration at work that affect employee performance.

Latent class analysis of the sleep quality of night shift nurses and impact of shift-related factors on the occupational stress and anxiety.

The objective of this study is to explore the various latent categories within the sleep quality of night shift nurses and to investigate whether shift-related factors predispose nurses to higher levels of occupational stress and anxiety. This is a cross-sectional study. From November to December 2020, registered nurses from 18 tertiary hospitals and 16 secondary hospitals in Chongqing were selected through convenience sampling for this study. Latent class analysis was used to investigate the sleep quality of nurses working night shifts. Furthermore, univariate analysis and logistic multivariate analysis were utilized to identify the contributing factors to occupational stress and anxiety. The four latent categories of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index for night shift nurses were identified as 'Low Sleep Disorder Group' (56.34%), 'Moderate Sleep Disorder Group' (37.27%), 'High Sleep Disorder Non-Reliant on Sleeping medication Group' (4.89%) and 'High Sleep Disorder Reliant on Sleeping medication Group' (1.50%). The results showed that having a night-shift frequency of 3-4 times per month, night-shift durations of 9-12 h, sleep time delay after night shift (≥2 h), total sleep time after night shift less than 4 h were shift-related factors that increased the levels of occupational stress and anxiety. The sleep quality of night shift nurses demonstrates heterogeneity and can be classified into four latent categories. Higher frequency of night shifts, extended work hours and insufficient rest time are all associated with increased levels of occupational stress and anxiety. By identifying the four latent categories of sleep quality among night shift nurses, this study sheds light on the relationship between sleep patterns and levels of occupational stress and anxiety. These findings have important implications for healthcare institutions in the management of nurse well-being and work schedules. No patient or public contribution.

Diurnal Variation Characteristics of Raindrop Size Distribution Observed by a Parsivel2 Disdrometer in the Ili River Valley

The diurnal variation characteristics of raindrop size distribution (RSD) in the Ili River Valley are investigated in this study, using the RSD data from May to September during 2020-2021 collected by a Parsivel2 disdrometer in Zhaosu. Significant diurnal variations (02–07, 08–13, 14–19, and 20-01 local standard time (LST)) of precipitation and RSD in Zhaosu are revealed during the rainy seasons. Precipitation mainly occurs in the late afternoon and early evening. A higher concentration of small raindrops is observed in the morning, whereas more mid-size and large raindrops are observed in the afternoon. The RSD exhibits diurnal differences between different rainfall rate classes; the diurnal difference of RSD is more pronounced in the case of high rainfall rates. Stratiform precipitation can occur at any time of the day, yet convective precipitation mainly occurs during the late afternoon and early evening. The RSD of stratiform rainfall shows a similar distribution over the four time periods. For convective rainfall, the concentration of small raindrops is the highest (lowest) over 02–07 (14–19) LST, while the highest (lowest) concentration of medium and large drops is observed over 14–19 (02–07) LST. Convective rain in the Ili River Valley over 14–19 LST can be characterized as the continental convective cluster, while in the rest time of the day, it is neither in the maritime cluster nor in the continental cluster. The empirical relationships between the radar reflectivity factor and rainfall rate (Z-R) for stratiform and convective rain types are also derived. The purpose of this study is to advance our understanding of precipitation microphysics in arid mountainous region.