Dangerous Times Research Articles

Learning and sustainability in dangerous times

Learning and sustainability in dangerous times

Introduction to: Unequal care: Trans medicine and health in dangerous times

Introduction to: Unequal care: Trans medicine and health in dangerous times

LEXICO-SEMANTIC FIELDS OF THE CONCEPTUAL SPHERE "UKRAINE" IN THE SONG DISCOURSE DURING THE RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN WAR

In the proposed article, we address one of the directions of modern linguistic research — cognitive linguistics. The aim of the study is to identify and analyze the linguistic means of representing the lexico-semantic field of the conceptual sphere "UKRAINE" based on the material of the song discourse during the Russian-Ukrainian war. The object of the study is the conceptual sphere "UKRAINE", and the subject of the study is the lexico-semantic field of the conceptual sphere "UKRAINE" in Ukrainian-language song discourse. To achieve this goal, the study employs the methods of linguoconceptual and contextual analysis of texts, as well as the method of field modeling. Based on 218 lexical units from the texts of 20 Ukrainian songs, three structural segments of the lexico-semantic fields of the conceptual sphere "UKRAINE" were identified: "UKRAINE — SPACE", "UKRAINE — SPIRITUAL VALUES", "UKRAINE — WAR". Within each LSF, lexico-semantic groups were formed, the largest of which were the LSG "Markers of Ukraine’s Consolidation" (present in 16% of the concepts of the conceptual sphere Ukraine) and the LSG "Defender" (present in 26% of the concepts of the conceptual sphere Ukraine). The core-periphery organization of the main components of the conceptual sphere "UKRAINE" in the song discourse of 2022-2024 was determined: the core consists of the lexemes "MOTHER" and "WARRIORS’ VICTORY". The author concludes that the multidimensional semantics of the conceptual sphere "UKRAINE" is represented through a significant number of components that change with the transformation of societal consciousness. In times of national danger, a transformation in the core structure of the conceptual sphere "UKRAINE" is observed: from conceptualvalue concepts to value-perceptive concepts. In the conceptual sphere "UKRAINE", the semantic meanings "country" and "independent state" are consistently actualized, but due to changes in societal consciousness, the conceptual sphere acquires new meanings: Ukraine as a special way of being; Ukraine as a sacred space, Ukraine as a metaphysical person — mother. The new reality dictates new nominations, leading to the emergence of new lexico-semantic features in the composition of the conceptual sphere "UKRAINE": UKRAINE — THE HIGHEST VALUE; UKRAINE — A SYNONYM FOR FREEDOM; UKRAINE — UNITY, BROTHERHOOD; UKRAINE — VICTORY. The prospect of the research lies in further exploration of the lexico-semantic field of the conceptual sphere "UKRAINE" in Ukrainian song discourse, considering that songs, as an important component of any ethnic culture, are a significant factor in global processes in their historical, cultural, and linguistic dimensions. The conceptual sphere, as a cognitive structure of human knowledge about the world, is characterized by special dynamism, because each historical period in the life of a people brings corresponding changes to its structure, so the number of lexico-semantic fields in the conceptual sphere "UKRAINE" can be changed and supplemented.

In dangerous times: War, reconstruction and the city

In dangerous times: War, reconstruction and the city

Curriculum for living structural crises towards socially just futures: bringing diverse funds of knowledge into participatory-democratic action around lifeworld problems that matter

As crises unsettle lives across the globe, growing numbers of people, in diverse situations, encounter social and planetary futures in peril. Harder to grasp is how historical structures of unequal power underpin those perils. Building capacities to comprehend the lived effects of structural injustices, and proact to transform them, are ethical challenges for schooling, which this paper takes up. I initially focus not on school curriculum but ‘populist curriculum’: ideological messages that issue from power-forces and spread across societies. I draw conceptually on Antonio Gramsci to diagnose how, in current times, populist messages verge Extreme-Right as a hegemonically powerful minority wages culture wars that target marginalised groups to blame for ‘good-citizen’ sufferings. Such unjustly divisive efforts to hold power manifest a crisis of governance in chaos, I argue, symptomizing how structural underpinnings are at historic tipping points towards dangerous times ahead. Against the mis-educational tide of populist curriculum, I consider how school curriculum can build young people’s knowledge and agency to live present-day crises towards sustainable and socially-just futures. Taking conceptual tools from Paolo Freire, Lauren Berlant, and the Funds of Knowledge (FoK) approach pioneered by Luis Moll and colleagues, I draw on a school FoK project I was part of, that suggested possibilities for participatory-democratic curriculum activity, but limited by system constraints. I then conceptualise ways to expand beyond the constraints through what I call a Problems That Matter approach, featuring collaboration among students, community people, teachers and academics in student-led action-research on lived problems in their communities.

Adversarial Danger Identification on Temporally Dynamic Graphs.

Multivariate time series forecasting plays an increasingly critical role in various applications, such as power management, smart cities, finance, and healthcare. Recent advances in temporal graph neural networks (GNNs) have shown promising results in multivariate time series forecasting due to their ability to characterize high-dimensional nonlinear correlations and temporal patterns. However, the vulnerability of deep neural networks (DNNs) constitutes serious concerns about using these models to make decisions in real-world applications. Currently, how to defend multivariate forecasting models, especially temporal GNNs, is overlooked. The existing adversarial defense studies are mostly in static and single-instance classification domains, which cannot apply to forecasting due to the generalization challenge and the contradiction issue. To bridge this gap, we propose an adversarial danger identification method for temporally dynamic graphs to effectively protect GNN-based forecasting models. Our method consists of three steps: 1) a hybrid GNN-based classifier to identify dangerous times; 2) approximate linear error propagation to identify the dangerous variates based on the high-dimensional linearity of DNNs; and 3) a scatter filter controlled by the two identification processes to reform time series with reduced feature erasure. Our experiments, including four adversarial attack methods and four state-of-the-art forecasting models, demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in defending forecasting models against adversarial attacks.

Operation procedures of civil defence authorities in time of war

The relevance of this study is determined by the current instability of the global political climate in the world and the outbreak of a number of military conflicts, which necessitates the study of the mechanisms of activity of structures that protect the interests of the population and the state. Thus, the purpose of the paper is to analyse the algorithm for the activities of civil defence authorities, particularly in wartime conditions. Among the methods used are the methods of logical analysis, deduction, synthesis, induction, functional analysis, analogy. This study provides a detailed analysis of the importance and key role played by civil protection agencies in addressing the challenges of protecting, ensuring security and developing society. The importance of their function lies in the effective implementation of strategies aimed at protecting the population and the state in times of threat and danger. The analysis in this paper takes into account the various components necessary for the successful management of various types of warfare. This includes the study of effective strategies for interaction and coordination between civil protection authorities and military command and control. Particular attention is paid to the key factors that determine the effectiveness of the organisation of interaction between military authorities and protection commissioners. Similarly, significant was the analysis of the demand for the resolution of qualitative foresight implementation tasks. Accordingly, an algorithm that will provide a more detailed and relevant examination of the wartime operational algorithm of the governing bodies has been developed. The practical value of the obtained results is that it will increase the appropriate level of combat alertness, the guarantor of the protection of the national interests of the state and its population, its territorial integrity and will generally raise the level of effectiveness of the relevant bodies considered

The Erratic History of Electroencephalography

The history of electroencephalography begins around 1850 with a supposition of Emil du Bois-Reymond concerning the transfer of information by electric currents over the nerve to the effector. Luigi Galvani in Bologna showed with his frog legs experiments 1786 indeed the existence of animal electricity. Richard Caton in Liverpool placed in 1875 as the first electrodes on the brains of rabbits and was able to record the electrical brain activity. Caton received little attention for his research and left with his animal experiment aversion the field. In contrast to Caton, Adolf Beck in Kraków, got a huge attention for his recordings of the electrical activities of the frog brain. The most interesting response to his important paper of 1890 came from Vasili Danilewski from Charkov, mentioning his unpublished doctoral thesis of 1877. He did his dog recordings before Beck, but one year after Caton who send him his abstract, remaining that he discovered before him electric brain waves. Colleagues of Danilewski such as Práwdicz- Neminski from Kyiv performed also adequate work in this field, but due to Stalin's dogmatic regime, electrophysiology became prohibited and disappeared in Russian. Jewish Adolf Beck, now professor in Lwów, experienced there in war time in 1940 dangerous times and ultimately the Nazi’s came for him. His son succeeded to hand him a cyanide capsule to save him from the gas chamber. By the tragedies of the war in Poland and the split between East and West Europe, Beck and his work go lost. Hans Berger began in Jena with brain recordings in humans and in 1927 he exclaimed ‘I can record brain actvity from an intact human skull’. This was replicated abd agreed upon by Edgar Adrian in 1934, and Berger received international fame, but not in Germany. The often authoritative Berger hated the Nazi’s and was suspended by the regime. He came in a severe depression and ended his life by hanging in June 1941. In this heavy war time, electrophysiology moved to the USA. Frederic and Erna Gibbs at Harvard got, with their studies of epilepsy in 1934 a breakthrough in clinical electroencephalography, Alfred Loomis and Herbert Jasper used the electrical brain actvity to identify several stages of sleep. Later, Jasper performed in Montreal, with neurosurgeon Wilder Penfield, important research on focal epilepsies. After the second world war, around 1950, electroencephalography blossomed up, in the USA as well as in Europe. Recording electroencephalograms for studying the functioning of the brain and in particular investigating domains of sleep and epilepsy. It became common that almost every university and hospital had a resording device. That electroencephalography was a mature methodology, was demonstrated by great discoveries for example through the finding of REM sleep by Kleitman and Aserinski in 1953.

Modern Ukrainian Family in the Conditions of War

The submitted article is based on the collected expeditionary materials. The peculiarities of the creation, existence and life of the modern Ukrainian family in the conditions of wartime events are described. Field material has been recorded from the respondents from various regions of Ukraine (Zhytomyr, Cherkasy, Chernihiv oblasts) and with original life stories. The statistical data from official sources is used in the published work. The algorithms of updated legal acts in the field of family relations regulation are submitted. Modern Ukrainian family is considered as a component of the socio-cultural system, the existence, functioning and development of which affect mainly the prospect of nation-building. A number of important themes is raised in the article. These are the issue of the formation and transformation of family values, those today depend primarily on the threats to the life and health of family members; modern formats of marriage, provided by the state-legal mechanism; motivations in making decisions about starting a family, namely maintaining responsibility for one’s loved ones; the development of the emotional and psychological background and the need for mutual communication of all family members during long separations and critical situations. In particular, attention is paid to the importance of the existence of a full-fledged family for the upbringing of children, especially in times of crisis and danger. The study is also focused on the transformation of family roles, namely their distribution and significance in the conditions of martial law. In particular, we are talking about raising the role of a military woman not only at the family level, but also in society. The peculiarities of volunteering as an additional function and an obligatory duty of the family are analyzed. An overview of the features of the relationship between families and relatives living in Russia is carried out; field facts from various respondents are presented, confirming the break in relations in favour of civic duty, or expressing a desire to maintain contact with relatives regardless of socio-political contradictions.

ОБРАЗ ЛЮДИНИ КАТАСТРОФИ У РОМАНІ ДЖУЛІАНА БАРНЗА «ВІДЧУТТЯ ЗАКІНЧЕННЯ»

ОБРАЗ ЛЮДИНИ КАТАСТРОФИ У РОМАНІ ДЖУЛІАНА БАРНЗА «ВІДЧУТТЯ ЗАКІНЧЕННЯ»

Faktor Risiko Keluhan Subjektif Kejadian Keracunan Petani Sayur di Desa Plaosan Kabupaten Magetan

Chemicals and other materials in the form of jasad renik and viruses are used to prevent or eradicate pests that can damage plants. They are usually called pesticides. Some plants or agricultural products that stimulate plant growth kill some plants without fertiliser and prevent unwanted growth. Severe poisoning refers to low-level long-term effects or exposure to toxic substances, such as frequent spraying of pesticides during dangerous spraying times. The effects of chronic exposure do not appear immediately after the first exposure; it takes a long time for symptoms to appear. Plaosan is one of the villages and sub-districts in Magetan district where part of the population works as vegetable farmers. The population in Plaosan village is 5,678 people spread over 5 hamlets, namely Gulun, Duwet, Kauman, Sale, and Kandenan. To increase optimal agricultural yields, farmers in agricultural intensification usually use pesticides. Pesticides continue to accumulate in the body and slowly damage the tissues. People who are frequently exposed to this pesticide at low doses may suffer from symptoms of poisoning long after their initial exposure. Chronic symptoms include chronic oral inhalation poisoning and chronic skin contact. This research uses a descriptive type of research. Descriptive research is a study that describes the magnitude of the problem under study. Descriptive research is research with the main objective of making an objective picture or description of a situation. This study aims to determine the risk factors for subjective complaints of pesticide poisoning of vegetable farmers in the work area of the Plaosan Health Centre in terms of individual factors, behaviour, environment, and pesticide use. The results of this study regarding the risk factors of subjective complaints All farmers experienced complaints of severe, moderate, and mild health complaints, including headaches, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, a weak body, nervousness, trembling, blurred vision, sweating a lot, a fast heart rate, and difficulty breathing.

Social Activism's Possibility through Perspectives of Gloria Anzaldúa, Walter Benjamin and C. G. Jung.

This paper explores the vertices of Jung's, Anzaldúa's and Benjamin's distinct ontologies and the way in which they connect in the shared recognition that what has been estranged in human history is enigmatically lodged in the world's fabric today. Cultural distress, in other words, is the outcome of what has become repudiated in the self and the collective across time. From this perspective, the paper argues that we have a collective responsibility to listen to the claims of the dead laid bare in moments of contemporary real-world danger and it elaborates the psychical dimensions of being that are cultivated in times of danger. The author contends that these psychical presences are the dead of human history including our ancestral heritage that linger and possibly may penetrate our awareness. They haunt and hold a potential to animate our movement towards a sublimatory process that can be seen as a precursor to social responsiveness and action. The author explores this through her own experience with an example of the spawning of spiritual activism within the socio-political maelstrom of AIDS.

Who dismantled nursing mentorship systems and how do we get them back?

Who dismantled nursing mentorship systems and how do we get them back?

Will Be Wild

When we imagine what it means to live through a political crisis, most of us probably summon visions of extremity: assassinations and coups, depressions and wars—times of unusual danger or alarm, when malevolent forces are on the march. We wonder how long it would take us to realize what’s happening, and how we’d react when we do. We spin heroic scenarios about joining the resistance or taking to the street. There you are, the stakes clear, faced with the great dilemma presented to you by fate. Will you or won’t you? Hurry, time is running out.

Odporność festiwalu w dobie pandemii. Zastosowanie mechanizmów teorii efektuacjiw organizowaniu Festiwalu Łódź Czterech Kultur

CEL: Pandemia COVID-19 spowodowała bezprecedensowe zmiany na całym świecie w wielu dziedzinach ży- cia społeczno-gospodarczego. Nieoczekiwana sytuacja wymusiła na organizacjach ponowne spojrzenie na ich sposób funkcjonowania i działania. W obliczu nadzwyczajnych zagrożeń stanął także sektor publiczny, w tym sektor kultury, od którego jeszcze silniej wymaga się racjonalnego dysponowania środkami publicz- nymi. Wyzwaniem dla zarządzających sferą kultury stało się osiągnięcie elastyczności, która pozwoli na sku- teczną adaptację do zmieniających się warunków. Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie założeń teorii efek- tuacji jako metody, której wykorzystanie może determinować sukces wydarzenia kulturalnego w czasach nadzwyczajnego zagrożenia. Myślenie efektuacyjne postrzega się jako sposób radzenia sobie z niepewną przyszłością, opiera się na kontroli posiadanych zasobów, budowaniu otwartych relacji z partnerami i obró- ceniu nieprzewidzianych zdarzeń w nowe możliwości. METODA: W artykule zaprezentowano zaplecze teoretyczne dotyczące efektuacji jako narzędzia zapewniającego elastyczność, która z kolei jest kluczowym kryterium efektywności organizacyjnej. Następnie przedstawiono wyniki badań jakościowych opartych na studium pojedynczego przypadku, w ramach którego przeprowadzono wywiad z producentką Festiwalu Łódź Czterech Kultur, odpowiedzialną za jego organizację w czasie trwającej pandemii koronawirusa. WYNIKI I WNIOSKI: Analiza wykazała, iż organizatorów tego przedsięwzięcia cechuje typowo efektuacyjne myślenie i to właśnie ono zaważyło o powodzeniu i skutecznej adaptacji wydarzenia kulturalnego do warun- ków pandemii. ORYGINALNOŚĆ I WKŁAD: Teoria efektuacji, choć popularna w naukach o przedsiębiorczości na całym świe- cie, nie została wystarczająco omówiona w polskim piśmiennictwie. Dodatkowym walorem naukowym arty- kułu jest zastosowanie mechanizmu efektuacji jako narzędzia do opisu sposobu zarządzania publicznym sek- torem kultury. Zaprezentowana w artykule analiza wskazuje na potencjał przeprowadzenia dalszych badań w celu weryfikacji, czy technika efektuacji miała zastosowanie w innych obszarach aktywności kulturalnej w czasie pandemii COVID-19. SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: efektuacja, zmiana, festiwal, pandemia, efektywność, adaptacja. JEL: Z11, H00, H41

One Health, the Human-Animal Bond and Well-Being During the Covid 19 Pandemic

Using a One Health lens, this study explored whether the strength of the bond between humans and non-human animals would predict well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the substantial existing research done over the last several decades, we hypothesized that the presence of non-human animals (NHAs) may be linked directionally to well-being. Participants were recruited to this online survey using social media. A demographic survey as well as the World Health Organizations’ Well-being Scale (WHO5) and 10-item Pet Attachment Scale (PAS) were used. Results showed that the human-animal bond, as measured by the 10-item PAS, was the only significant predictor of well-being. The bond with NHAs itself was influenced by the role non-human animals play, with the strongest bond among those who reported that they considered NHAs to be family members. The article concludes that preserving and supporting the human-animal bond during stressful and dangerous times, such as a pandemic, is an important mental and physical health protective strategy that governments should support.

The psychological ability to perceive the world in conditions of danger

The relevance of the study is determined by the stage of active changes in the modern world in the context of the global coronavirus pandemic in recent years, and for Ukrainian society, the introduction of martial law due to the aggression of a neighbouring country, as a result of which Ukrainians experience a sense of danger and an uncertain future, financial instability in difficult-to-control life circumstances that affect personal development. Therefore, the purpose of this research work is to determine and identify the psychological ability of a person to use personal resources to overcome difficulties in conditions of danger, to adapt, and to develop positive attitudes and skills during stressful and crises. The theoretical and methodological foundation of the study is conditioned upon the generalisation of many years of experience in exploring human psychological states, namely, the frustration of the individual in conditions of danger and the possibilities of adaptation to current living conditions. An important tool for exploring the subject was a survey conducted among internally displaced persons and people who did not leave their homes during the war. The research presents results that reflect partial apperception due to the isolation of people in previous years due to the pandemic and, as a result, the successful constructive experience of overcoming the new crisis, the individual’s adaptability and desire to overcome circumstances and generating conscious behaviour in times of danger. The results obtained can be used in further scientific research on the issue of a person’s psychological ability to perceive the world in conditions of danger, and for practical purposes.

RATIONALE FOR USING VIRTUAL REALITY AS AN INNOVATIVE ELEMENT OF PROJECTS OF POPULATION PROTECTION SYSTEMS

Formulation of the problem. In recent years, there has been an upward tendency in the number of man-made emergencies and military emergencies starting from 2022: fires, explosive waves during airstrikes, and biological, chemical and radiation damage, that cause damage and death in public places. One of the types of protection against the negative impact of emergencies is timely and rapid evacuation from the area of their occurrence. The effectiveness of protection depends on the level of preparedness of the population during training. Difficulties in conducting additional training in natural conditions and the low level of public interest in acquiring knowledge and skills to act in times of danger are the reasons for developing and evaluating the effectiveness of innovative projects using virtual reality in public protection. Purpose. Investigate the possibilities of application and effectiveness of virtual reality technologies in projects to increase the safety of various segments of the population in the event of emergencies in public places. Conclusion. The low level of knowledge of the people about the dangers and unsatisfactory preparedness for emergencies indicates outdated methods and imperfections of the existing training system and the need to seek innovation. Interest and motivation for self-training can be raised through programs of material and bonus incentives for the population under the conditions of installation and use of the proposed software products for their gadgets. The optimal frequency of application of virtual reality technologies and devices as an innovative element of projects to protect the population from emergencies has been established. It is practically confirmed that the use of virtual reality in the population protection system projects helps increase the level of knowledge and psychological readiness of the population to act in case of emergencies.

Lateralization of autonomic output in response to limb-specific threat.

In times of stress or danger, the autonomic nervous system (ANS) signals the fight or flight response. A canonical function of ANS activity is to globally mobilize metabolic resources, preparing the organism to respond to threat. Yet a body of research has demonstrated that, rather than displaying a homogenous pattern across the body, autonomic responses to arousing events, as measured through changes in electrodermal activity (EDA), can differ between right and left body locations. Surprisingly, an attempt to identify a function of ANS asymmetry consistent with its metabolic role has not been investigated. In the current study, we investigated whether asymmetric autonomic responses could be induced through limb-specific aversive stimulation. Participants were given mild electric stimulation to either the left or right arm while EDA was monitored bilaterally. In a group-level analyses, an ipsilateral EDA response bias was observed, with increased EDA response in the hand adjacent to the stimulation. This effect was observable in ∼50% of individual participants. These results demonstrate that autonomic output is more complex than canonical interpretations suggest. We suggest that, in stressful situations, autonomic outputs can prepare either the whole-body fight or flight response, or a simply a limb-localized flick, which can effectively neutralize the threat while minimizing global resource consumption. These findings are consistent with recent theories proposing evolutionary leveraging of neural structures organized to mediate sensory responses for processing of cognitive emotional cues.

Erdemli Bireyin İnşası ve Özgecilik: Psikolojik Bir Değerlendirme

Virtue is a pattern of an individual's emotions and behaviors; It can be defined as feeling, desiring, and taking action when necessary. Virtue is being able to respond with a rational and conscientious judgment rather than a habit that is practiced without thinking. Contrary to the "Kantian" and "Consequentialists" who focus on the rightness or wrongness of actions in the context of moral philosophy, "Virtue Theorists" focus on character and are concerned with the life of the individual as a whole. The main question for virtue theorists is “How should I live?” is the question, and the answer that should be given should be “Trying to have the virtues”. In Islamic culture, great importance is given to the building of the virtuous individual and society; in fact, this is the main purpose of the religion of Islam. In many studies conducted in psychology and its branch, the Psychology of Religion literature, it has been concluded that being virtuous is an important factor in the development and self-realization process of the individual. Altruism, which means living for someone else as a result of a natural goodness, preferring others to oneself, is considered one of the greatest virtues by some. In contrast, it can be seen as a state of psychological imbalance by others. As a result, altruism can sometimes be considered as a healthy mood and sometimes as a neurotic behavior in terms of sociopsychology. True altruists (sincere altruists) are those who can sacrifice themselves for others in times of danger and do so without any expectation. Participating in wars and becoming a martyr because of the love of homeland and religion can be shown as an example of a truly sincere and healthy behavior. There are also some forms of behavior that are actually neurotic behavior or a morbid condition but manifest under the guise of altruism. Hidden selfishness can sometimes be perceived as altruism. The intention to focus on one's own interest lies behind the action that seems like altruism in order to ensure the continuation of worldly interests and/or to gain status. This study is a qualitative study. The data were analyzed in the context of people's understanding of virtue in general and altruism in particular. It has been concluded that the main thing in the construction of the virtuous individual and, therefore, the virtuous society is to have consistency of discourse and action. The aim is to remind people or scientists, raise awareness, and offer a different perspective to the client and the counselor, especially in the psychotherapy process.