Tightening Force Research Articles

МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ РАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ НАПРЯЖЕНИЙ В СТЕНКАХ КОНУСНЫХ ИМПЛАНТАТОВ ИЗ СПЛАВА ВТ6

Today, an interdisciplinary approach to solving the problems of implantology is the key to the effective use of intraosseous dental implants. The possibilities of preclinical modeling of the state of bone tissue and the future implantation and prosthetic beds allow us to assess the possible risks of implant rejection, calculate the necessary tightening force of screws in implantation systems and predict the points of application and stress distribution of dental implantation materials, taking into account the latter, the desire to improve modeling will allow us to obtain a predictable treatment result. In this study, a mathematical model of the stress distribution on the walls of a conical implant was investigated, taking into account the physical properties of the VT 6 material, an assessment was carried out using the example of computer models with embedded alloy characteristics, and the Mises distribution indicators were calculated. It is worth noting that the VT6 alloy has a very high quality, thanks to alloying additives. This titanium alloy includes aluminum, which has a beneficial effect on the strength of implants, as well as vanadium, which can increase the strength of the metal and make it more ductile. Titanium alloy VT6 has characteristics that are comparable to those of stainless steel, due to which it is considered as an inert metal for use in the oral cavity. The novelty of the proposed model lies in the fact that it operates with the minimum possible set of input data and provides adequate estimates of the most significant output parameters that are necessary for practical application. The obtained analytical results are illustrated by examples of calculating equivalent stresses in implants and peri-implant tissue for real structures of the future orthopedic prosthesis.

Failure Analysis of Cast Iron Housing Unit of Ucf-216 Ball Bearing Used in a Fully Automatic Concrete Building Block Machine

One of the most common problems faced by briquette machine users in the industry is the failure of the cast iron housing unit of the UCF-216 bearings, to which the main shaft of the briquette machine is attached. In this study, the failure mechanism of a cast iron housing unit of a UCF-216 bearing broken during operation in a briquette machine was analysed in order to develop a solution to the problem. Failure was occurring in the bolt hole areas of the housing unit. First of all, spectral analysis was performed and it was determined that the housing unit was grey cast iron. Then, the macrostructures of both unused and damaged housing units were examined. Some casting defects were detected in the bolt hole areas of the unused housing unit. It was also learned that during the assembly of the UCF-216 to the briquette machine, no torque meter was used while the bolts were tightened. In order to understand the effect of possible overtightening of the bolts, the system was modelled as a 3D solid. This model was exported to the finite element software and different bolt pretensions were applied considering the stresses created by the bolt tightening forces on the housing unit. As a result, it was understood that if the ratio of the stress caused by the axial bolt tightening force in the UCF-216 bearing unit to the yield stress of the UCF-216 housing unit is above 50%, fatigue failure will occur.

DYNEELAX Robotic Arthrometer Reliability and Feasibility on Healthy and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injured/Reconstructed Persons.

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are commonly assessed using clinical examination and magnetic resonance imaging, but these methods have limitations in reproducibility and quantification. Instrumented laxity measurements using devices, like the DYNEELAX®, offer an alternative approach. However, to date, there is no human data on the DYNEELAX® and the reliability of these devices remains a subject of debate, and there is no consensus on appropriate knee tightening levels for testing. We hypothesized that the DYNEELAX®, with standardized knee tightening, would provide reliable measurements of knee laxity in adult volunteers. This prospective cohort study involved 48 pain-free adult volunteers. Laxity measurements were taken using a robotic-type motorized instrument (DYNEELAX®) on two separate occasions, at least 1 h and no more than 8 h apart, with knee tightening forces of 90 N ± 5 N. Metrics of anterior tibial translation and internal/external tibial axial rotations were recorded. The device displayed excellent intrarater reliability for all the metrics, with intraclass correlation coefficients ranging from 0.91 to 0.96. Anterior translation exhibited the highest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.96), with a minimum detectable change of 0.83 mm. DYNEELAX® is reliable in measuring knee laxity in adult volunteers when using standardized stabilizing knee tightening forces of 90 ± 5 N. The most sensitive measurement parameters (in terms of minimum detectable change as a proportion of the observed range) were anterior translation (in mm) at 150 N and secondary compliance.

Physics-informed Neural Networks for the Resolution of Analysis Problems in Electromagnetics

Learning from examples is the golden rule in the construction of behavioral models using neural networks (NN). When NN are trained to simulate physical equations, the tight enforcement of such laws is not guaranteed by the training process. In addition, there can be situations in which providing enough examples for a reliable training can be difficult, if not impossible. To alleviate these drawbacks of NN, recently a class of NN incorporating physical behavior has been proposed. Such NN are called “physics-informed neural networks” (PINN). In this contribution, their application to direct electromagnetic (EM) problems will be presented, and a formulation able to minimize an integral error will be introduced.

Influence of a locknut on the load distribution along a screw turns of a tightened threaded joint

Assuming that the deformation of the threads of the screw, nut and locknut are caused mainly by the contact flexibility of their working surface, the load distribution along the threads of the screw is studied. It is found that if the locknut is tightened with a force equal to half the tightening force of the nut, then the loads on the first turns of the nut and locknut will become the same, amounting to approximately half the load on the most loaded turn of the screw tightened without a locknut. Keywords:screw, nut, locknut, thread working surface, approach, contact flexibility a-s-ivanov@yandex.ru

Automated assembly of products by a robot-manipulator with dynamometric control of screw joint tightening

In this work, we develop a conceptual scheme for a robotic complex to perform the installation of parts and their fastening using threaded joints by a robot manipulator. A test bench was created on the basis of a KUKA KR6 R900 industrial robot-manipulator. The robot control software was implemented using the KUKA Robot Language. The proposed actuators are the authors' original development. Two variants of the actuator with screw tightening control are proposed. The first actuating device uses the rotational motion of the robot hand flange to tighten the screws. The second actuating device is equipped, on one side, with a gripper for mounting parts on the product and, on the other side, with a drive tool with a predetermined tightening torque limit. It is shown that both actuating devices ensure a complete cycle of screwing a fastener into a workpiece, from engaging to tightening with the required torque. In the first device, the tightening force is controlled with a strain gauge, the signal from which is processed by an Arduino Mini microcontroller located in a rotating device. The signal is forwarded wirelessly to a stationary controller that sends a stop signal to the robot. It was experimentally established that, due to the presence of the wireless interface, some delay is observed between reaching the torque limit value and stopping the robot rotation during signal transmission. As a result, the value of the actually reached torque may exceed the set value by 60%. In the second device, where torque limitation is based on the current in the drive motor, the absolute error of the torque setting does not exceed 0.8 N·m in the range from 0 to 25 N·m or 3.03% (the error of standard torque wrenches is about 4%). In order to meet the requirements of state-of-the-art cyber-physical production systems, the proposed complex should be complemented with intelligent functions of controlling the process of tightening screw joints on the basis of machine learning methods.

Integrated Design of Hydraulic Coupling Bolts for Large Shaft Systems

Hydraulic coupling bolts are used in a wide range of industrial sectors, where ensuring the structural integrity and reliability of shaft systems is of paramount importance. However, research on systematic design methods for these specialized bolts is still lacking. In this study, an integrated design was used on hydraulic coupling bolts with M72 specification, considering both the tightening and untightening processes. First, the second tightening load was determined based on material strength, stress concentration and safety factors. Subsequently, the upper and lower limits of the first tightening loads were calculated using the thick-walled cylinder theory. An appropriate first tightening load maintaining the tightening force in both the axial and radial directions was obtained using finite element analysis. Design variables for the adapter configuration and oil passage shape were selected, and their impact on structural integrity was assessed using finite element analysis. The optimal combination of these design variables was derived. Finally, operational experiments for hydraulic coupling bolts were conducted according to the design results. The test results demonstrated a successful tightening and untightening process, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed design method.

Design of the Springs Tightening for a Double Cartridge Mechanical Seal

Mechanical seals are used in a wide range of industrial applications, including pumps, compressors etc., in order to avoid leakage of the working fluid. The design construction, and the operation of the mechanical seals continue to evolve to meet the demands of new technologies and industries. These developments are the increase of operating parameters, in the condition of strictly respecting the environment protection. A mechanical seal consists of two rings, one being static and the other one dynamic, which are actioned by one or two fluid pressure, and an elastic force (or magnetic) which keeps the two faces of the rings in permanent contact. A direct contact between the frontal face of the rings will increase the surface temperature and the rings wear, so a small fluid film, as a lubricant and coolant, it is kept between the two face sealings. At modern mechanical seal are used also a secondary fluid. The tightening force in the seal, which it is very important, depends on seal construction, materials used, working fluid type, pressure and temperature, rotational speed, secondary fluid type, pressure, and temperature. Paper aims to present the studies made by the authors on a mechanical seal of the AESSEAL, cartridge seal type CDSA of a 1” in order to obtain the correct sealing pressure between seal rings. Calculation was made analytical, with the respect of regulations of the standards, and by FEA method. Was obtained a CFD model, to simulate the pressure inside the chamber of secondary fluid at different inlet/outlet pressures to determine the real value of it. The obtained results by CFD analyses were integrated in FEM analyses by ANSYS Static Structural to calculate the contact pressure on the rings faces and to calculate the minimum spring force for internal and external sealing cartridges for different working and secondary fluid pressure, also considering the seal construction design, materials, and rotational speed of 3000rpm. The results are very important in operation of the mechanical seal because the graphs presented in the paper give the operators the correct value of the spring tightening in the seal depending on the different ranges of fluids pressures.

The switch of the DNA tetrahedral tweezers controlled by mercury ions

In this paper, the one-pot method is used to make the four DNA strands complement each other to construct the basic framework for DNA tetrahedral tweezers. To regulate the opening and closing of DNA tetrahedral tweezers, DNA strands with a high amount of T-base sequences is partially complementary to the tetrahedral framework. Hg2+ can form T-Hg-T hairpin structures with T-base. When DNA tetrahedral tweezers encounter Hg2+, the T-Hg-T structure is formed to shorten the connecting chain, and the tightening force causes the DNA tweezers to change from an open state to a closed state. Conversely, changes in fluorescence intensity due to the structure change can be used to detect the presence of Hg2+.

Study on anti-sliding performance of cable clamps under and after elevated temperature

Cable clamps are key joints in building cable structures and are vulnerable positions in fire accidents. Currently, there is little research on the elevated-temperature mechanical properties of cable clamps. Therefore, the high-temperature mechanical properties of cable clamps were investigated in this study. First, anti-sliding tests at room temperature, elevated temperatures, and after elevated temperatures were conducted for the cable clamps, and the pushing force-sliding displacement curves of the cable clamps were obtained. The relaxation law of the bolt tightening force and the anti-sliding performance of the cable clamps were studied. The results indicated that when the temperature exceeded 300 °C, the anti-sliding performance of cable clamps started to decline. When the temperature reached 500 °C, the anti-sliding bearing capacity of cable clamp was approximately 27 % of that at room temperature. For cable clamps after high-temperature treatment, when the heat treatment temperature exceeded 300 °C, the anti-sliding bearing capacity was approximately 50 % of that at room temperature. Therefore, based on the ABAQUS finite element software, simplified and refined models of the cable clamps are proposed to simulate the sliding process of locked coil wire rope clamps. The effects of material properties and non-uniform expansion on the anti-sliding performance of cable clamps were studied, which provides a theoretical basis for the fire resistance design of building cable structures.

Influence of impact-centrifugal hardener on microhardness of workpiece surface made of aluminium alloys

This article develops a tool for impact-centrifugal processing and establishes processing modes that increase the microhardness of the surface. An experimental study was carried out, where the tightening force, the number of working strokes, the rotation frequency of the hardener and the motion were proposed as technological parameters of impact-centrifugal processing. The experiments were carried out using flat machine-cut samples based on aluminium alloy D16T. A prototype of the rotary hardener with the standard fastening was designed and manufactured. During the experiment, it was revealed that, for the variation in average microhardness, the contribution of the rotation frequency is higher than that of the longitudinal motion. A significant influence of the tension on the surface microhardness is noted: following processing with a rotary hardener, it increases. It is shown that, to a greater extent, this increase depends on the technological tightening force and to a lesser extent on the rotation speed of the tool; it is recommended to increase these parameters. It was found that a 2-fold increase in tightening force resulted in an increase in microhardness by 70 HV 0.1, while increasing the tool rotation speed by 200 rpm led to an increase in microhardness by 42 HV 0.1. However, technological parameters must be selected taking into account the operability of the hardener. It was shown that the longitudinal motion has little influence on the increase in microhardness. The prototype of the designed tool can be used for processing at milling, boring, and grinding machines with computerised numerical control through a standardised fastening unit. This ensures sufficient technological flexibility and allows it to be used for reinforcing flat surfaces and fillet radii. The forecasted increase in the surface microhardness of the D16T sample using a rotary hardener amounts to 38.5% of the initial value in the experimental area with satisfactory productivity.

DIAGNOSTICS OF THE PRESS POWER FRAME WITH THREADED CONNECTIONS OF LOAD-BEARING ELEMENTS BY STRAIN GAUGE METHOD

The distribution of tightening forces between several threaded connections of power elements of machines and mechanisms directly affects the strength and reliability of the entire structure. When operating heavily loaded mechanisms with threaded connections in excess of the deadlines set in the technical documentation, the likelihood of loosening the tightening increases. This negatively affects the distribution of stresses in the power frame and, under unfavorable conditions, can lead to an increase in the level of mechanical stresses to critical values. The purpose of the work is a strain gauge method for monitoring the power frame of a hydraulic stamping press with threaded connections to assess the operability of the structure and conclude on the feasibility of repairs. Using strain gauges and finite element modeling methods, the regularities of the distribution of deformations in the material of columns and press racks with a maximum workload of 10 thousand tons are established. It is shown that in the working cycle, deformations are determined by the force and moment of force associated with the eccentricity of the application of the working force. Criteria for assessing the quality of threaded connections based on the relative difference and simultaneity of changes in mechanical stresses in the material of columns and press racks have been developed. The immobility of the connections of the power frame of the press during operation with maximum effort is ensured by the uniformity of the stress distribution on the racks and columns, taking into account the error of the results of the strain gauge method of 5%. The influence of the sliding elements of the movable elements of the press on the experimentally established patterns of stress distribution is substantiated by the method of finite element modeling.

Accuracy of torque controllers on healing abutments in implant dentistry-an in vitro study.

To evaluate the accuracy of three torque-control devices used on healing abutments in implant prosthodontics. In this in vitro experiment, three torque controllers, Ankylos friction-based, Straumann spring-based, and Anthogyr pre-calibrated torque control devices were used to tighten the healing abutments of Ankylos and Straumann dental implants to a pre-determined value of 15 Ncm. A digital torque meter (DT), Cedar DID-4A, was used to assess removal torque as a surrogate for the accuracy of the torque controllers to apply a tightening force of 15 Ncm on healing abutments. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to identify differences between each torque controller and the digital torquemeter, a p < 0.05 was considered significant. The torque required to remove the healing abutments was 16.05 ± 0.66 Ncm for the Ankylos ratchet, 12.61 ± 0.90 Ncm for the Straumann ratchet, and 14.37 ± 1.08 Ncm for the Anthogyr torque-control device. Significant statistical differences were observed between Ankylos and the control digital torquemeter (p = 1.84E-8; F = 50.3); Anthogyr and control digital torquemeter (p = 0.01; F = 6.79); and Straumann and control digital torquemeter (p = 0.01; F = 141.15). Friction-based (Ankylos), spring-based (Straumann), and pre-calibrated (Anthogyr) torque control devices present over-torque and under-torque values when used over healing abutments of Ankylos and Straumann implant systems.

Calculation of the depth of rope-tightening soft material and analysis of its relationship with the tightening force

To analyze the relationship between the tension force of a rope and the bundled material's indentation, a model of tightening by rope for soft material was designed for testing. By calculating the indentation depth of soft materials from rope stretching displacement, the variation law of the indentation depth of tightening soft materials with different mechanical properties of ropes was analyzed. As the stretching progresses, the more the rope winding turns, and the shallower the indentation depth. The friction coefficient between the soft material and the rope does not significantly affect the theoretical indentation depth. The theoretical indentation depth of high-strength ropes shows a linear variation pattern. The theoretical indentation depth of high-extension ropes is negative. With the theoretical indentation depth of the ordinary rope increasing first and then decreasing, its indentation depth curve shows a parabolic shape. Aromatic polyester rope, cotton chainette thread, and polypropylene rope were used to tighten ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) foam and test the indentation depth. The results show that the deformation of the rope is much lower than that of the EVA foam, and the depth of the strangulation is closely related to the tensile displacement and tightening tension. The measured value of the indentation depth is lower than the calculated value, and the greater the stiffness of the rope, the smaller the difference between the measured and calculated indentation depth. The indentation depth method was used to calculate the tightening effect of ropes with high rigidity and has excellent results.

Numerical simulation of damage evolution of bolted connectors considering fretting fatigue effect

ABSTRACT In engineering, the failure of bolted connector is mainly caused by multi-axis non-proportional fretting fatigue damage. A three-dimensional finite element model of bolted connector is established in this paper, and a damage constitutive model suitable for multi-axial fatigue analysis is established based on the critical plane SWT (Smith Watson-Topper) method and continuous damage mechanics theory. A material subroutine UMAT is developed to describe the damage model and realizes the visualization of the damage evolution process caused by the fretting fatigue effect. Based on the test, the validity of the program is verified, the fretting fatigue characteristics and damage evolution characteristics of the bolted connector are analyzed. The results show that (i) the damage evolution analysis method can make up for the deficiency that the critical plane SWT method is only used for simple components and can be applied to the damage evolution analysis and fatigue life evaluation of three-dimensional complex structures. (ii) The crack initiation position of the connecting plate does not change with the magnitude of the tensile load and pre tightening force. In the process of losing the bolt preload from 1 to 0.8 times, the connected parts will be damaged faster as the preload 20 decreases.

INFLUENCE OF KNOT NUMBER ON HOLDING CAPACITY OF TWO HIGH STRENGTH SUTURES IN DIFFERENT MEDIA: A BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS

Recently, a new suture was designed to minimize laxity in order to preserve consistent tissue approximation while improving footprint compression after tendon repair. The aims of this study were: (1) to compare the biomechanical competence of two different high strength sutures in terms of slippage and failure load, (2) to investigate the influence of both knots number and different media (air, saline and fat) on the holding capacity of the knots.Alternating surgical knots of two different high-strength sutures (group1: FibreWire; group2: DynaCord; n = 105) were tied on two roller bearings with 50N tightening force. Biomechanical testing was performed in each medium applying ramped monotonic tension to failure defined in terms of either knot slippage or suture rupture. For each group and medium, seven specimens with either 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 knots each were tested, evaluating their knot slippage and ultimate load to failure. The minimum number of knots preventing slippage failure and thus resulting in suture rupture was determined in each group and medium, and taken as a criterium for better performance when comparing the groups.In each group and medium failure occurred via suture rupture in all specimens for the following minimum knot numbers: group1: air – 7, saline – 7, fat – 7; group2: air – 6; saline – 4; fat – 5. The direct comparison between the groups when using 7 knots demonstrated significantly larger slippage in group1 (6.5 ± 2.2 mm) versus group2 (3.5 ± 0.4 mm) in saline (p &lt; 0.01) but not in the other media (p ≥0.52). Ultimate load was comparable between the two groups for all three media (p ≥ 0.06).The lower number of required knots providing sufficient repair stability, smaller slippage levels and identical suture strength, combined with the known laxity alleviation effect demonstrate advantages of DynaCord versus FibreWire.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ МОДЕРНІЗАЦІЇ АВТОКРАНІВ НА СПЕЦІАЛЬНИХ КОЛІСНИХ ПЛАТФОРМАХ

Problem statement and the research purpose. Modernization and improvement of manufactured mobile cranes makes it possible to increase their load capacity, improve their operational properties, change their appearance, etc. At the same time, the modernization must take into account the features of new or changed components in order to ensure the requirements of strength and reliability. In the case of special and specialized equipment, loads are manifested in the mode of movement (transportation) and execution of technological processes. Since these modes are different, units and their parts must be tested with these effects in mind. Therefore, a comprehensive approach is important when modernizing mobile lifting and transport equipment.Methodology of the study. Mobile cranes combine two modes of operation - transportation and handling of cargo, to check the parts, it is necessary to determine the stability conditions of the machine in these two modes and the forces acting on the parts. For the mode of movement (transportation), the calculation of the angle of static stability of the crane is carried out without and with the deformation of tires and springs and the forces that arise in this case. Cases are also considered when the crane is located on an inclined section across the slope and the spring lock is on/off. Results of the investigations. Based on the review of the structure and research in the field of crane construction, it was established that one of the important factors that affect the operation of automobile cranes is ensuring the strength of individual structural elements, in particular the spars. In the SolidWorks Simulation environment, the calculation of the maximum allowable stress and the resulting displacement was carried out, taking into account the tightening forces of the bolts that act on the rigidly fixed spars of the car crane chassis, during braking. Scientific novelty. The article presents an example of determining critical loads in different operating modes and ways to eliminate the destruction of elements of an automobile crane as a basis for the development of a generalized methodology. Practical value of the results. To reduce stresses, the mount was moved to the front axle of the truck crane by 400 mm, which ensures the condition of strength. Scopes of further investigations on the subject of the paper. Further research can be directed to the development of a generalized methodology for determining critical loads in various operating modes and ways to eliminate the destruction of elements of an automobile crane

A passive and wireless smart washer for monitoring bolt pretightening force

For the improvement of the safe operation of specific structures, it is crucial to monitor the bolt pretightening force. Conventional approaches frequently call for complicated systems that are challenging to install and cumbersome to operate in order to produce precise measurements. It is suggested that a passive wireless smart washer be used to track bolt pretightening force. The smart washer is installed together with the bolts, and a handheld terminal can be used at any moment to detect the tightening force of many bolts. Pretightening force and strain sensing are obtained by the washer structure, and the circuit in the washer obtains energy via a printed antenna to start the acquisition of a signal based on Near Field Communication technology. The data is then sent to the terminal for visualization and analysis. The prototype’s experimental findings demonstrate that the smart washer can keep track of the bolt’s pretightening force both during and after tightening.

Mobile Manipulation Using a Snake Robot in a Helical Gait

Snake robots have shown limited ability to perform manipulation tasks in comparison to their locomotion capabilities. In this article, we propose a mobile manipulation approach that increases the manipulation ability of snake robots by using their full-body motion. We consider a snake robot that moves along the outer surface of a pipe using the helical rolling gait. To perform a manipulation task, we extend the front links of the robot to form a manipulator-part, where the remaining links form a helical base that wraps around the pipe. In the proposed approach, the motion of the manipulator-part is combined with a rolling motion performed by the base-part. This results in enhanced rotational ability of the end-effector, without the need to install an additional rotary motor. The stability of the robot structure is also improved via the resulting tightening force between the helical base-part and the pipe. The kinematics of the proposed robot arrangement is represented considering a dynamically changing contact point between the links of the helical base and the pipe. To realize the proposed method, we introduce a two-level controller that enables the manipulator-part and the helical base to work simultaneously during manipulation. The experimental results showed the validity of the proposed method to track various trajectories and carry out manipulation tasks using a typical snake robot without extra actuators.

Axial displacement of the suprastructures at the conical implant — abutment interface

BACKGROUND: The inconsistency of the congruence of the surface of the implantabutment interface leads to the impaired communication of the implant shaft with the oral cavity, breakdown of the structure, including the implant, and changes in the occlusal relationships because of axial displacement.&#x0D; AIM: This study aimed to investigate the degree of axial displacement of abutments made relative to implants and analogs. Specific tasks were as follows: (1) to make various abutments for implants with a conical connection obtained from MIS, (2) to study the value of axial displacement of abutments of each type relative to the implant with load modeling, and (3) to examine the value of the axial displacement of abutments of each type relative to the analog of the implant from the tightening force of the screw.&#x0D; MATERIALS AND METHODS: Axial displacements were tested using implants and analogs of MIS implants with conical joints. Original and non-original abutments were chosen as suprastructures. The original abutment was presented by CS-CPK62. Abutments for the conical connection C1 were made by milling, laser sintering, and casting according to burned models. The fastening of implant analogs and implants was made in a block of plaster of the 4th class. The study was conducted in a simulation complex we have developed, which creates a cyclic load within 30 kg. The study was divided into two stages. In the first stage, axial displacements on analogs from the force of screw tightening were examined. Abutments were attached with various forces: 7 Ncm (tightening force with a simple screwdriver), 15 Ncm, and 30 Ncm. After each screw tightening, vertical measurements were made with a micrometer. In the second stage, axial displacements on implants under load in the original simulation complex were assessed. The screw was tightened with a force of 30 Ncm, as recommended by the manufacturer, and load simulation was performed. Measurements were made both before and after the load simulation.&#x0D; RESULTS: The original abutments and those made by milling showed the greatest deviation (0.056 mm and 0.066 mm, respectively), and abutments obtained by casting had deviations of 0.047 mm. The smallest deviation was found in the abutment made by laser sintering (0.032 mm). The values obtained in the second stage were as follows. Original abutments and abutments obtained by milling showed the smallest axial displacement when modeling the load (0.00167 mm each). Moreover, the abutments obtained by casting and laser melting showed significant displacements (0.007 mm and 0.004 mm, respectively).&#x0D; CONCLUSIONS: A pattern was revealed: the smoother the surface of the conical parts, the stronger the axial displacement on the analog implants in the range of 730 Ncm, whereas an uneven surface gives the smallest axial displacement, and fixation according to the protocol provided resistance to chewing loads on the implants in the original and milled abutments. The use of a platform with a conical system to create high-precision orthopedic structures has certain limitations because an error in the height of the restoration is created in laboratory conditions. The use of non-original suprastructures leads to the accumulation of errors. Thus, it is necessary to further evaluate conical systems from other manufacturers and improve the accuracy of restorations based on dental implants.