ОСОБЛИВОСТІ МОДЕРНІЗАЦІЇ АВТОКРАНІВ НА СПЕЦІАЛЬНИХ КОЛІСНИХ ПЛАТФОРМАХ

Abstract

Problem statement and the research purpose. Modernization and improvement of manufactured mobile cranes makes it possible to increase their load capacity, improve their operational properties, change their appearance, etc. At the same time, the modernization must take into account the features of new or changed components in order to ensure the requirements of strength and reliability. In the case of special and specialized equipment, loads are manifested in the mode of movement (transportation) and execution of technological processes. Since these modes are different, units and their parts must be tested with these effects in mind. Therefore, a comprehensive approach is important when modernizing mobile lifting and transport equipment.Methodology of the study. Mobile cranes combine two modes of operation - transportation and handling of cargo, to check the parts, it is necessary to determine the stability conditions of the machine in these two modes and the forces acting on the parts. For the mode of movement (transportation), the calculation of the angle of static stability of the crane is carried out without and with the deformation of tires and springs and the forces that arise in this case. Cases are also considered when the crane is located on an inclined section across the slope and the spring lock is on/off. Results of the investigations. Based on the review of the structure and research in the field of crane construction, it was established that one of the important factors that affect the operation of automobile cranes is ensuring the strength of individual structural elements, in particular the spars. In the SolidWorks Simulation environment, the calculation of the maximum allowable stress and the resulting displacement was carried out, taking into account the tightening forces of the bolts that act on the rigidly fixed spars of the car crane chassis, during braking. Scientific novelty. The article presents an example of determining critical loads in different operating modes and ways to eliminate the destruction of elements of an automobile crane as a basis for the development of a generalized methodology. Practical value of the results. To reduce stresses, the mount was moved to the front axle of the truck crane by 400 mm, which ensures the condition of strength. Scopes of further investigations on the subject of the paper. Further research can be directed to the development of a generalized methodology for determining critical loads in various operating modes and ways to eliminate the destruction of elements of an automobile crane