TiC Ceramics Research Articles

Effect of AlN and TiN coatings on thermal and stress state of Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>‒TiC ceramics surface layer under heat flow conditions

Peculiarities of effect of AlN and TiN coatings on the thermal and stress state of the surface layer of Si3N4‒TiC ceramics under heat flow conditions are studied. It was found that TiN coating has a more favorable effect on stress state of the structural elements of ceramics, and AlN coating ― on stress state of the boundary between the coating and ceramics. Ill. 5. Ref. 22. Tab. 4.

Influence of Laser Modification of the Surface Layer of Al2O3–TiC Ceramics on the Reliability of Cutters Under Stationary Operating Conditions

Influence of Laser Modification of the Surface Layer of Al2O3–TiC Ceramics on the Reliability of Cutters Under Stationary Operating Conditions

Evaluation of AlN and TiN Coatings Effectiveness for Controlling the Stress State of Surface Layer of Si3N4–TiC Ceramics under Combined Loading

Evaluation of AlN and TiN Coatings Effectiveness for Controlling the Stress State of Surface Layer of Si3N4–TiC Ceramics under Combined Loading

The Influence of Sintering Pressure on the Preparation, Friction Properties, and Magnetic Properties of Ti2AlC-TiC and Ti3AlC2-TiC Composites Under High-Pressure and High-Temperature

Due to their high melting point, low density, and affordable price, TiC ceramics have emerged as one of the most promising ultrahigh temperature structural materials. However, its development and usage are severely constrained by its weak mechanical characteristics. The Ti2AlC-TiC and Ti3AlC2-TiC composites were synthesized by using the laminated metal-ceramic Ti2AlC/Ti3AlC2 as the binder, combined with high-temperature and high-pressure sintering technology (GPa order of magnitude confinement system). The thermal analysis shows that the exothermic heat of Ti/1.2Al/2TiC is less than that of 3Ti/1.2Al/2C, 2Ti/1.2Al/C, and 3Ti/1.5Al/C. The ratio of Ti/1.2Al/2TiC can suppress the thermal explosion phenomenon during the sintering process and improve the safety of the high-pressure sintering process. XRD results showed that the main composition of the sintered products was Ti2AlC-TiC at 2∼3.5 GPa and Ti3AlC2-TiC at 4∼5 GPa. As the sintering pressure increased from 2 GPa to 5 GPa, the bonding phase changed from Ti2AlC to Ti3AlC2. The thickness of the synthetic Ti3AlC2 layer is near 0.1 µm under 5 GPa. The average friction coefficient of Ti2AlC-TiC composites sintered 2 GPa with POM is as low as 0.1767, while the average friction coefficient of Ti3AlC2-TiC composites with POM increased to 0.3468∼0.3797. The wear width of Ti2AlC-TiC is lower than that of Ti3AlC2-TiC composites sintered under 4–4.5 GPa. The wear width of Ti3AlC2-TiC composites decreases following the rise of sintering pressure and is reduced to 0.3504 mm under 5 GPa. Ti2AlC-TiC and Ti3AlC2-TiC composites with PP ball counterparts have friction coefficients of 0.375 to 0.45 and worse wear resistance than that of POM balls. Ti3AlC2-TiC composites synthesized at 5 GPa with a Cu ball had the smallest friction coefficient (0.4558) and the smallest wear scar width (0.6289 mm). The friction coefficients and wear widths of synthetics with Al pairs ranged from 0.48–0.697 and 0.851–1.087 mm, respectively, and varied irregularly with increasing sintering pressure. Ti2AlC-TiC composites synthesized at 2 GPa with agate and glass pairs have coefficients of friction of 0.5 and 0.61, respectively. Abrasion widths of Ti2AlC-TiC composites synthesized at 2 GPa with agate and glass pairs were 1.3 mm and 0.72 mm, respectively. The friction coefficient of synthetics with agate and glass pairs increases with increasing sintering pressure. The magnetization and magnetization intensity of the Ti3AlC2-TiC composites are stronger than those of Ti3AlC2. Ti2AlC-TiC and Ti3AlC2-TiC composites held promise to serve in the field of ceramic grinding processing applications.

Fabrication, mechanical properties, and wear behaviors of co-continuous TiC-steel composites

In this study, the co-continuous TiC-steel composites with the same volume content of 90% but different 3D networks of TiC ceramics reinforcement, namely CP1 (network of pure TiC), CP2 (network of TiC mixed with Ti) and CP3 (network of TiC coated by Ti), were fabricated by using the pressureless infiltration method. The microstructure, mechanical properties, and wear properties of the co-continuous composites against a Si3N4 ball were tested comparing to a brake disc material. The results show that the ceramics network reinforcement of the composites CP1, CP2 and CP3 possessed partially continuous, weakly continuous and strongly continuous structure respectively, and the CP3 showed superior mechanical properties. The three co-continuous composites CP1, CP2 and CP3 possessed similar friction coefficients to the brake disc material, but 59.9%, 76.1% and 81.6% lower specific wear rates than that of the brake disc material, respectively. The wear mechanisms of the co-continuous composites were preliminarily explored.

ZrC+TiC synergically reinforced metal matrix composites with micro/nanoscale reinforcements prepared by laser powder bed fusion

The addition of hybrid ceramic reinforcing phases provides the possibility of regulating the in-situ reaction and effective strengthening in laser additive manufactured aluminum matrix composites (AMCs). In this work, AMCs reinforced with (ZrC + TiC) solid solution ceramics with micro/nanoscale microstructural features are fabricated by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). The influence of laser power on the manufacturing quality, the microhardness and the wear properties of the LPBF-fabricated (ZrC + TiC)/Al composites is investigated. Moreover, the reaction mechanism between the ZrC and TiC ceramics in the LPBF process is revealed. The tensile properties of the (ZrC + TiC)/Al composites with different (ZrC + TiC) contents prepared at optimal process parameters are compared. During the LPBF process, the ZrC and TiC ceramics are incompletely melted. On the ceramic particles, a thin (Ti,Zr)C layer formed and large amounts of (Ti,Zr)C nanoparticles precipitated via a dissolution-precipitation mechanism. When the laser power increases from 375 to 425 W, the manufacturing quality, microhardness, tensile and wear properties of the (ZrC + TiC)/Al composites increase. The tensile strength of 10 wt.% (ZrC + TiC)/Al composites prepared at optimal processing parameters reaches a high strength value of ∼227 MPa with a uniform elongation of ∼6.7%, which is three times higher than that of the unreinforced Al-matrix. This is ascribed to the combined effects of Orowan strengthening, coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) mismatch strengthening, load-bearing strengthening and grain refinement strengthening.

Significance of AlN and TiN Coatings for Controlled Transformation of Stress State of Si3N4–TiC Ceramics Surface Layer Under Force Loading Conditions

Significance of AlN and TiN Coatings for Controlled Transformation of Stress State of Si3N4–TiC Ceramics Surface Layer Under Force Loading Conditions

Effect of AlN and TiN Coatings on Thermal and Stress State of Si3N4–TiC Ceramics Surface Layer Under Heat Flow Conditions

Effect of AlN and TiN Coatings on Thermal and Stress State of Si3N4–TiC Ceramics Surface Layer Under Heat Flow Conditions

Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Reinforcement Mechanism of Second-Phase Reinforced TiC-Based Composites: A Review

TiC ceramics have the characteristics of high melting point and density, and titanium reserves on earth are extremely large; therefore, TiC ceramics are considered ultra-high temperature materials with great research value. However, the development of TiC-based ultra-high temperature composites has been seriously hindered by their poor mechanical properties. At present, improvement of the mechanical properties of TiC is mainly accomplished by adding a second phase. In this paper, the research status of modified elements-, nitrides-, and metal-reinforced TiC matrix composites is presented. The microstructure, phase composition, and toughening mechanism of TiC matrix composites reinforced by a second phase are described. The influence of the reaction products on the matrix during the toughening process is also discussed.

Preparation, microstructure and mechanical properties of steel matrix composites reinforced by a 3D network TiC ceramics

In this study, the porous TiC ceramics were fabricated using the foam replication-reaction sintering method, by adding 20 wt% metal Ti to TiC either through uniform mixing or cladded as a layer on TiC to modify the porous ceramics' strength. Subsequently, the porous TiC ceramics were used as a reinforcement to develop the interpenetrated three-dimensional (3D) network TiC/45 steel composites by employing the melt infiltration method. XRD and SEM analysis confirmed that the Ti-coated porous TiC ceramics possessed a TiC core, an intermediate TiCx zone and a dense outer mixed Ti and TiCx layer. As the composition changed from pure TiC to Ti-coated TiC, the porosity of the porous TiC ceramics decreased from 94.3% to 89.3%, along with an increase in compressive strength from 0.90 MPa to 2.33 MPa. No impurity was observed in any of the 45 steel matrix composites. The composites reinforced with the Ti-coated porous TiC ceramics displayed a continuous 3D network structure reinforcement, while the network structure of Ti mixed porous TiC ceramics reinforcement in the composites was weakly continuous. Both macro and micro double interlocking 3D structures in the composites with Ti-coated network ceramics resulted in excellent hardness, tensile strength and fracture toughness, with the values determined to be 4.11 GPa, 481 MPa and 28.9 MPa m1/2, respectively.

Synergistic effect of surface textures and DLC coatings for enhancing friction and wear performances of Si3N4/TiC ceramic

To enhance the tribological properties of Si 3 N 4 based ceramics, surface textures of dimples combined with DLC coatings are fabricated on Si 3 N 4 /TiC ceramic surface by nanosecond laser and plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). The dry friction and wear performances are evaluated by unidirectional sliding friction tests using a rotary ball-on-disk tribometer. Results reveal that the friction and wear properties of Si 3 N 4 /TiC ceramics are significantly enhanced by DLC coatings or dimpled textures, and the DLC coatings combined with dimpled textures show the best efficiency in reducing friction, adhesion and wear. This improvement can be explained by the synergistic effect of DLC coatings and surface textures, and the synergistic mechanisms are attributed to the formation of lubrication film and secondary lubrication, debris capture of dimpled textures, increased surface hardness and mechanical interlocking effect, and reduced contact area.

Preparation of TiC ceramics from hot Ti-bearing blast furnace slag: Carbothermal reduction, supergravity separation and spark plasma sintering

TiC ceramics, a kind of ultra-high temperature ceramics, are primarily prepared by the synthesized TiC powders from high purity metallic titanium or titania. In this work, a novel method for sustainable utilization of hot Ti-bearing blast furnace slag to prepare TiC ceramics was developed. Firstly, the Ti was efficiently transformed into the TiC in hot Ti-bearing blast furnace slag through carbothermal reduction. The high-purity TiC powders were fully recovered from molten carbonized Ti-bearing slag through supergravity separation, where the mass fraction and recovery ratio of Ti in TiC powders were up to 77.89 wt.% and 95.58 %. The TiC ceramics with a relative density of 98.23 % were prepared from the recovered TiC powders via spark plasma sintering method, which possess the favourable mechanical properties including Vickers hardness (Hv) of 23.3 ± 0.4 GPa, fracture toughness (KIC) of 3.96 ± 0.24 MPa m1/2 and flexural strength of 371.9 ± 15.4 MPa.

Force analysis of the stress-strain state of the surface layer of Al <sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>‒TiCceramics with AlN and TiN coatings

Regularities of stress-strain state of surface layer of Al2O3‒TiC-ceramics with AlN and TiN coatings under the action of force load are established using the methodology of computer engineering. The features of influence of AlN and TiN coatings on the nature of changes in the stress intensity in the surfaces of structural elements forming the surface layer of Al2O3‒TiC ceramics are determined. The formation of microstructural stress concentrators at the boundary of the AlN and TiN coatings with the initial ceramics is revealed.

Changing the profile of the working surface of a diamond wheel when grinding high-density Аl<sub>2</sub>О<sub>3</sub>‒TiC -ceramics

As a result of studying the nature of changes in the profile of diamond wheel working surface during grinding of high-density Al 2 O 3 ‒TiC ceramics, the main mechanisms of destruction of diamond grains and formation of layer of sludge on the grains and the bond are established. The influence of factors of changing the profile of the diamond wheel working surface on contact interaction conditions during grinding and reducing its cutting ability is estimated.

Combined analysis of stress-strain state of surface layer of ground Si3N4‒TiC ceramics

Установлены основные закономерности напряженного состояния поверхностного слоя шлифованной Si3N4‒TiC-керамики под действием комбинированной нагрузки. Выявлена специфика формирования структурной неоднородности напряжений и микроструктурных концентраторов напряжений, приводящих к изменению структуры керамики за счет образования несплошностей.

Thermal analysis of stress-strain state of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>‒SiС ceramics surface layer with AlN and TiN coatings

The regularities of influence of AlN and TiN coatings on stress-strain state of Al2O3‒TiC ceramics structural elements, which forming its surface layer, under influence of heat flow are established. The formation of microstructural stress concentrators at the boundary of AlN and TiN coatings with the initial ceramics is revealed.

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Carbide Reinforced TiC-Based Ultra-High Temperature Ceramics: A Review

TiC ceramics have become one of the most potential ultra-high temperature structural materials, because of its high melting point, low density, and low price. However, the poor mechanical properties seriously limit its development and application. In this work, this review follows PRISMA standards, the mechanism of the second phase (particles, whiskers, and carbon nanotubes) reinforced TiC ceramics was reviewed. In addition, the effects of the second phase on the microstructure, phase composition and mechanical properties of TiC ceramics were systematically studied. The addition of carbon black effectively eliminates the residual TiO2 in the matrix, and the bending strength of the matrix is effectively improved by the strengthening bond formed between TiC; SiC particles effectively inhibit the grain growth through pinning, the obvious crack deflection phenomenon is found in the micrograph; The smaller grain size of WC plays a dispersion strengthening role in the matrix and makes the matrix uniformly refined, and the addition of WC forms (Ti, W) C solid solution, WC has a solid solution strengthening effect on the matrix; SiC whiskers effectively improve the fracture toughness of the matrix through bridging and pulling out, the microscopic diagram and mechanism diagram of SiC whisker action process are shown in this paper. The effect of new material carbon nanotubes on the matrix is also discussed; the bridging effect of CNTs can effectively improve the strength of the matrix, during sintering, some CNTs were partially expanded into GNR, in the process of crack bridging and propagation, more fracture energy is consumed by flake GNR. Finally, the existing problems of TiC-based composites are pointed out, and the future development direction is prospected.

Combined analysis of stress-strain state of Al₂O₃‒TiС ceramics surface layer with AlN and TiN coatings

The influence of AlN and TiN coatings on the stress-strain state of the surface layer of Al₂O₃ ‒TiC ceramics under the influence of combined load is analyzed. The regularities of stress distribution and the location of microstructural stress concentrators in the structural elements forming the surface layer of this ceramic are established. Ill. 4. Ref. 5. Tab. 1.

Combined Analysis of the Stress-Strain State of Al2O3–TiC Ceramics Surface Layer with AlN and TiN Coatings

Combined Analysis of the Stress-Strain State of Al2O3–TiC Ceramics Surface Layer with AlN and TiN Coatings

Thermal Analysis of The Stress–Strain State of Al2O3–TiC Ceramics Surface Layer with AlN and TiN Coatings

Thermal Analysis of The Stress–Strain State of Al2O3–TiC Ceramics Surface Layer with AlN and TiN Coatings