Ti Salt Research Articles

Green synthesis of nanocomposite multilayer graphene-ZnTiO3 at one step under mechanochemical method and investigation of band gap

In this study, we reported a green, simple, and low-cost route for the preparation of multilayer graphene-ZnTiO3 nanocomposite with high yield at the one-step method. Ball milling assistance to anchored graphene with Zn and Ti salt at the one step, under solvent free condition at the shortest time. Facilities of synthesis without used any organic solvent during the synthesis and one step of synthesis hold great promise for potential applications in industrial as raw material. Beside of green, economic and short time of synthesized multi layer graphene have potential effect on band gap and change that the evidence of band gap showed the band gap decreased to 3.17 eV compared to ZnTiO3 eV. Facilitated of this method can be applied this product in electronic field. Several analyses investigated the nanocomposites such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), field emission scanning electron micrographs (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and UV–visible absorption spectra for determining of the band gap.

Synthesis and characterization of binary and ternary nanocomposites based on TiO2, SiO2 and ZnO with PVA based template-free gel combustion method

Abstract Binary and ternary nanocomposites based on TiO2, SiO2 and ZnO were synthesized by PVA-based template-free gel combustion method. The morphology and the particles sizes of the synthesized samples depended on some parameters including the initial concentrations of metal salts and PVA amount in the sol, solvent composition and solution pH. Effects of these parameters were investigated and optimized by using the Taguchi method. In the experimental design, the Taguchi L25 array was used to investigate six factors at five levels. The samples were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) specific surface areas, scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The obtained results showed that the present method can be used to synthesize TiO2/SiO2/ZnO ternary nanocomposite with an effective surface area of 0.3 m2 · g−1 and ZnO/TiO2, TiO2/SiO2, ZnO/SiO2 binary nanocomposites with an effective surface area of 234 m2 · g−1, 6 m2 · g−1 and 0.5 m2 · g−1, respectively. The ZnO/TiO2 nanocomposite which was synthesized under the following experimental conditions: 2.5 wt.% Zn salt, 2.5 wt.% Ti salt, 2.0 wt.% PVA, pH = 1 and ethanol:water ratio 30:70 was selected by the Taguchi method as an optimum sample with the smallest particles (average diameter = 50 nm).

An effective method of wastewater treatment using titanium salt and a coagulant aid of chitosan

AbstractTitanium (Ti) salt has been used in wastewater flocculation and significantly decreases the pH of wastewater which is not industrially preferable. Thus, this study aims to use a natural polymer, chitosan, with Ti salt to observe a significant impact on pH of Ti salt flocculation and significantly reduce the produced sludge volume. The impact of chitosan addition on Ti salt flocculation pH, Ti salt optimum dose, Ti sludge, turbidity and organic removal was investigated. The results showed that using an optimum dose of 25 mg/L of Ti salt, Ti salt flocculation pH sharply decreased to 3.20 with turbidity and organic removal reaching 80 and 70%, respectively. The addition of chitosan to the Ti salt is found to be very effective due to the ability of chitosan foils to bridge the neutralised wastewater particles. The use of low doses of Ti salt with chitosan had an impact on flocculation pH and resulted in 40% of Ti sludge reduction.

Ti염 및 Fe염으로 화학처리된 염색공단 슬러지를 재활용한 인공경량골재의 물리적 특성에 관한 연구

Ti염 및 Fe염으로 화학처리된 염색공단 슬러지를 재활용한 인공경량골재의 물리적 특성에 관한 연구

Effect of titanium substitution in layered LiNiO 2 cathode material prepared by molten-salt synthesis

LiNi 1− x Ti x O 2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1) compounds have been synthesized by a direct molten-salt method that uses a eutectic mixture of LiNO 3 and LiOH salts. According to X-ray diffraction analysis, these materials have a well-developed layered structure (R3-m) and are an isostructure of LiNiO 2. The LiNi 1− x Ti x O 2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1) compounds have average particle sizes of 1–5 μm depending on the amount of Ti salt. Charge–discharge tests show that a LiNi 1− x Ti x O 2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1) cathode prepared at 700 °C has an initial discharge capacity as high as 171 mA h g −1 and excellent capacity retention in the range 4.3–2.8 V at a current density of 0.2 mA cm −2.

Anionic Surfactant Templated Titanium Oxide Mesophase: Synthesis, Characterization, and Mechanism of Formation

A novel synthetic method is described for the preparation of bulk titanium oxide mesophase (TOM) material with wormhole texture based on templating by inexpensive dodecyl sulfate surfactant. To contol hydrolysis and condensation reactions, a mixture of the Ti(III) salt of dodecyl sulfate and Ti(IV) isopropoxide are reacted in an alcohol solvent. Humidified air is passed over or through this solution eliminating alcohol by evaporation and introducing water. Under these controlled conditions, gelation takes place over a period of several days. The sulfated TOM compound produced using this method has limited thermal stability which precludes elimination of surfactant by calcination. However, anion exchange of the sulfate surfactant from the TOM can be easily accomplished using dilute solutions of oxo-anions such as molybdate, tungstate, and vanadate, and this makes pore space available under mild conditions. Progressive filling of the pores produces micro- to mesoporous multicomponent oxides that are stable to temperatures in the range 300−400 °C. The TOM wormhole materials show a single low-angle X-ray diffraction peak and have type IV nitrogen adsorption isotherms with little or no hysteresis once the surfactant is eliminated by ion exchange. The titanium oxide framework of the TOM material has an unusual structure that is elucidated using extended X-ray absorption fine structure analysis. Both short and long Ti−O bonds are observed in the TOM material that are not characteristic of bulk of nanocrystalline titania. Variable exchange of oxo-anion species potentially offers a level of pore size control through adjustment of the thickness of the second oxide layer as well as affording materials that are potentially useful in catalytic and photocatalytic applications. The formation mechanism of the TOM materials has been subjected to detailed study using in situ small-angle X-ray and neutron scattering techniques which show that spherical micelles begin to develop in the alcoholic precursor solution after about 2 h of reaction. These spherical micelles grow in diameter, and after about 11 h of reaction a transformation to cylindrical micelles occurs.

Effect of TBP on Extraction of REE and TPE with 4d Element Salts of Dibutylphosphoric Acid

Extraction properties of 4d element (Ti, Zr, and Hf) salts of dibutylphosphoric acid (HDBP) are examined. In extraction of Eu from nitric acid solutions, the optimal [HDBP]/[M] ratio depends on the presence of TBP and a diluent in the extraction system and also on the HNO3 concentration in solutions. With decane used as a diluent instead of xylene, the distribution coefficients of the extracted elements increase, and the extracting properties of the Zr and Hf salts become more similar. The extraction characteristics of these salts are similar over the entire examined range of HNO3 concentrations. At the same time, the difference between the Zr and Hf salts in the extractive power applies to all the lanthanides. The extraction properties of the Ti salt strongly differ from those of the Zr and Hf salts. Thorough study of the behavior of the Ti salt is complicated by its limited solubility in organic solvents.

Electrodeposition of titanium(IV) oxide film from sacrificial titanium anode in I 2-added acetone bath

A TiO 2 film was fabricated by a simple electrochemical method using a sacrificial titanium anode as a cationic source in an I 2-dissolved acetone bath, where the solvent contains iodide ions as a supporting electrolyte but no Ti salt as an electrolyte. At the initial stage of electrolysis, anodic oxidation of Ti anode occurred under the presence of water as an impurity to acetone. Subsequently, TiO 2+ was produced as a result of the dissolution of oxide films under the influence of iodide ions, and was then electrodeposited on the cathode surface. The morphologies of as-deposited films were found to be dependent on the film thickness, which in turn is determined by the voltage applied during the electrolysis. Moreover, the obtained films show photocatalytic activity for decomposition of gaseous acetaldehyde without annealing. In this paper, the electrodeposition mechanism is discussed in detail.

SYNTHESE ET CARACTERISATION DE TROIS NOUVEAUX CYCLOHEXAPHOSPHATES: LI3M3P6O18.H2O. M: Rb, TI et NH4

AbstractChemical preparation and characterization by X‐ray diffraction and IR absorption are reported for three new cyclohexaphosphates: Li3M3P6O18.H2O with M = Rb, TI, NH4. These compounds are isotypic. Their hexagonal unit cell parameters are a = 15.165(4), c = 13.100(4) Å for Rb salt, a = 15.182(4), c = 13.100(4) Å for TI salt and a = 15.077(3), c = 12.855(2) Å for NH4 salt. Space group R3, Z = 6.

Synthetic Studies on Suberosin and Osthol

Alternative syntheses of Suberosin (V) as well as Osthol (I) have been described. When the metal salts of 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (XI), such as Li, Na, K, Ca and Ti salt, were treated with γ, γ-dimethylallyl bromide in benzene and water, the four compounds, 3-γ, γ-dimethylallyl-2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (IV), 5-γ, γ-dimethylally1- 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (VIII), 2-γ, γ-dimethylallyloxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (IX) and 2-γ, γ-dimethylallyl-5-methoxyphenol (X) were obtained.Furthermore, IX was converted to VIII by the thermal rearrangement of the γ, γ-dimethylallyl group.