Thymosin Research Articles

Effect of thymosin (fraction 5) on testicular endocrine function in mice

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Thymosin fraction 5 (TF5) stimulates secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from cultured rat pituitaries

In vivo administration of a partially purified thymic hormone-containing extract of the thymus gland, TF5, causes an increase in serum glucocorticoids. The lack of a direct effect of TF5 on adrenal corticosterone secretion suggests that it is mediated at the level of the pituitary. Cultured rat pituitary monolayers were used to determine if the effect is mediated by stimulation of ACTH secretion from the pituitary. Two lots of TF5, BPP100 and C114080-01, caused a dose dependent secretion of ACTH from cultured pituitary monolayers. There was a synergistic effect when the cells were treated with both TF5 and corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF). Immunoneutralization studies were done in which the cells were treated with TF5 or CRF and an antibody to CRF. The antibody completely blocked CRF induced ACTH release, but had no effect on TF5 stimulated ACTH release, suggesting that the activity is not due to a CRF-like peptide in TF5. A number of peptides isolated from TF5, and certain other peptides produced by the immune system were evaluated for their ability to stimulate ACTH secretion. These included thymosin (TSN) α 1, α 11, and β 4, prothymosin α (PT α, thymopoeitin 5 (TP5), factuer thymique serique (FTS), interferon α (INF α), INF γ, interleukin 1 (IL-1), and interleukin 2 (IL-2). None of these factors had any effect on pituitary ACTH secretion. These results demonstrate that some peptide component of TF5 causes an increase in serum corticosteroids by stimulating pituitary ACTH release.

Thymosin trials

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Letter: Effects of thymosin on lymphoblasts.

Letter: Effects of thymosin on lymphoblasts.

Restorative effect of normal human serum, transfer factor, and thymosin on the ability of heated human lymphocytes to form rosettes with sheep erythrocytes

Human lymphocytes submitted to heating at 45°C for 1 hr liberate receptors for sheep erythrocytes (E) in the supernatant (SHL) and their ability to form rosettes with E is abolished. The rosetting property is partially restored by incubation of heated lymphocytes with SHL, normal human serum (NHS), transfer factor (TF), and thymosin (TH). Treatment of E with SHL, normal human serum dialysate (NHSD), TF, and TH enable these cells to bind lymphocytes deprived of their receptors for E by previous heating. These methods provide a new in vitro assay for TF and TH. The amount of receptors for E in NHS can also be estimated by this assay.

The thymus, thymosin and anti-thymosin.

The thymus, thymosin and anti-thymosin.

The Thymus, Thymosin and Anti-Thymosin

The Thymus, Thymosin and Anti-Thymosin