Three-body Wear Tests Research Articles

Wear characteristics of resin-based luting agents used in the bonded CAD-CAM resin blocks.

This study aimed to investigate the wear and microhardness of luting agents and computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) resin blocks, and to compare the wear characteristics of resin-based luting agents used in bonded specimens of CAD-CAM resin blocks. After three-body wear test, the amount of wear and Vickers hardness were measured and Pearson's correlation coefficient was calculated. The lowest amount of wear and the highest Vickers hardness values were obtained for Estecem II. Filler loss was observed in five composite resin cements. A strong negative correlation was observed in the luting agents between the amount of wear and Vickers hardness value (r=-0.874, p<0.0001). Additionally, a strong positive correlation was observed between the amount of wear of the bonded specimen and amount of luting agent used alone (r=0.943, p<0.0001). To conclude, the wear resistance of the luting agent used in the bonded specimen was significantly influenced by the bonding between the filler and matrix resin.

Effect of build orientation on the wear resistance and hardness of denture teeth fabricated using digital light processing: An in vitro study.

This in vitro study investigated the effect of build orientation on the wear resistance and hardness of denture teeth fabricated using digital light processing (DLP) compared to other denture tooth materials. Disc-shaped specimens were prepared using denture tooth monomers and DLP devices in three build orientations: 0°, 45°, and 90°. Specimens of the same shape were fabricated using denture tooth materials for subtractive manufacturing, commercially available polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) resin, and composite resin. The wear resistance was evaluated as the wear volume loss after 50,000 wear cycles using a ball-on-disc wear device in water for two-body wear and poppy seed slurry for three-body wear. The Vickers hardness values of the materials were measured. Two-way and one-way analyses of variance were performed for wear resistance and hardness, respectively, followed by Tukey's honest significance test. The interaction between the denture tooth resins and maximum wear volume was significant (P < 0.01). The 0° build orientation exhibited the lowest wear volume in the three-body wear test and the highest hardness among the three build orientations. The 0° DLP-fabricated specimens demonstrated significantly less wear volume than that of the PMMA specimens and a wear volume comparable to that of the milled specimens. However, the 0° DLP-fabricated specimens showed significantly lower hardness than that of the milled and PMMA specimens. The composite resin specimens exhibited the highest wear resistance and hardness. A 0° build orientation is recommended for DLP-fabricated denture teeth compared to 45° and 90° orientations to achieve greater wear resistance and hardness.

Advanced characterization of bulk alloy and in-situ debris nanoparticles formed during wear of Fe–Nb–B ultrafine eutectic laser cladding coatings

The microstructure of Fe76·5Nb8·5B15 (at.%) ultrafine eutectic (UE) coatings were processed by laser cladding, then the bulk alloy coating and wear debris were evaluated by advanced electron microscopy techniques in order to understand the ultrafine matrix and nanoscale intermetallic sub-micron and nanoscale phases formed, as a result of rapid solidification. In addition, according to the laser cladding processing parameters used, the coatings presented nanoscale borides that increased mechanical properties, with the coating michohardness values reached being four times higher than those of the AISI mild steel substrate. Combined with the sliding speeds, it played an important role in the definition of different wear mechanisms. The wear performance of the coatings and substrate was evaluated by three-body wear tests using a pin-on-disc device. It can be seen at lowest sliding speed a plastic deformation and for higher slidding speed, an accumulation of debris on the laser clad coating surface. Different wear mechanisms were observed in the coatings samples: abrasive, adhesive, shearing and delamination. The presence of oxide particles, responsible for the formation of a tribofilm, was also observed for some coatings. Debris nanoparticles from 10 to 100 nm, resulting from fracture or breakage of the coatings during wear tests, were also be identified as Fe-based and oxide nanoparticles. Thus, the Fe–Nb–B ultrafine eutectics laser clad coatings showed wear resistance properties comparable to or even superior to commercial alloys and other materials processed by rapid solidification.

Improvement of the Wear Resistance of Circular Saws Used in the First Transformation of Wood through the Utilization of Variable Engineered Micro-Geometry Performed on PVD-Coated WC-Co Tips

Reduced performance of circular saws due to premature chipping of their teeth has been a critical issue in woodcutting industry for many years. This research examined the impact of surface coating and variable engineered micro-geometry of the cutting edges of carbide teeth (tips) on the wear resistance of circular saws used in primary wood processing. CrN/CrCN/DLC, CrN/AlTiN, CrN/CrCN, and CrCN/TiSiCN were deposited on tungsten carbide-cobalt (WC-Co) substrates using the cathodic arc evaporation technique. The CrN/CrCN coating proved to be the one with highest wear resistance and adhesion among those studied. No sign of delamination was observed around the indentation of the CrN/CrCN coating after the adhesion test. Furthermore, no abrasion, delamination or crack was observed on the surface of the CrN/CrCN coating after the three-body abrasion wear test. The results of the dry-sliding wear test revealed that CrN/CrCN coating significantly decreased the wear rate of WC-Co substrates by 74%, 66% and 77% at sliding speeds of 50, 100 and 250 mm/s, respectively. Afterwards, a CrC/CrCN coating was deposited on the teeth of conventional circular saws. Next, the cutting edges of teeth were modified through variable engineered micro-geometry. Tests were conducted at a sawmill with three series of saws: 1-coated and edge-modified, 2-coated and conventional edge geometry, and 3-uncoated and edge-modified. Wood processing was performed during two shifts of 480 min each. The width of the wear land was the criterion used as the wear index. The results of industrial tests showed that saws with edge-modified teeth had significantly less chipping and no breakage at their corners compared to the saw without edge modification (conventional saw). After 480 min of sawing, the wear rate of the coated saw with edge modification decreased by 46% and 16%, compared to the coated saw without edge modification and the uncoated saw with edge-modified teeth, respectively. Those values reached 73 % and 41%, respectively, after 960 min of sawing. The study shows that by optimizing the surface chemistry and the geometry of the cutting edge of WC-Co tips, tool life can be significantly increased therefore reducing downtime due to saw replacement and resharpening, thus significantly increasing productivity in the first transformation of wood.

Sea Sand Abrasive Wear of Red Mud Micro Particle Reinforced Cissus quadrangularis Stem fiber/epoxy Composite

ABSTRACT Natural fibers are growing attention in the replacement of synthetic glass fiber due to their unique properties. The present work focuses on the wear properties of Epoxy with Cissus quadrangularis Stem Fiber (CQSF) particulate-filled red mud composite using Taguchi L9 orthogonal array technique. A three-body wear test rig is done with four input parameters and three levels such as velocities (0.75 m/s, 1.5 m/s and 2.25 m/s), sliding distances (400 m, 600 m and 800 m), applied loads (10 N, 20 N and 30 N) and red mud filler (0%, 5% and 10%) to observe the wear behavior of the developed composites. The level of impact on specific wear rate due to various input parameters such as velocity, distance, load and filler was computed. The hardness of the samples was increased by 10.7% for 5 wt.% red mud addition and 14.2% for 10 wt.% of red mud addition. The overall mean for the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio of the specific wear rate of the specimen was found to be 34.62 dB, respectively. Finally, the experimental result and predicted theoretical result were validated after taking the conformation experiment. The wear mechanism of the composite materials after the abrasive wear test was substantiated using scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis.

69 - Wear Resistance Comparison of 3D-Printed Composite Resin Material

The use of 3D printing technology to produce dental restorations has recently been introduced in the market and has become popular as a new production method. The development of optimized filler distribution has significantly improved the mechanical properties and long-term stability of the restoration. This study aimed to compare the wear resistance of 3D printed composite resin material for crown and bridge applications. Four samples (n=4) of three different 3D printable composite resin materials were tested. The materials were GC Temp PRINT(GC), Nextdent C&B MFH (3D Systems) and CROWNTEC (Saremco dental). All specimens for the three-body wear test were printed with Asiga MAX UV printer and post-cured with the light curing device and the settings recommended by the respective manufacturer. They were submersed in 37Cwater for 24 hours, subsequently they were subjected to 100,000 cycles at a load of 0.84 MPa in a wear simulator. An acrylic plate was used as antagonist, and a slurry of PMMA and glycerin as abrasive medium was applied to the contact area during test performance. Wear value was calculated as the difference in specimen height before and after the three-body wear. Results were analyzed by one-way ANOVA (p<0.05). Also, the specimens were examined with a FE-SEM. It was found that GC Temp PRINT (16.36.6um) and CROWNTEC (35.530.2um) had significantly lower wear value compared with Nextdent C&B MFH (86.79.0um), though fillers were observed in all materials. Within the limitations of this study, GC Temp PRINT showed higher wear resistance property thanks to its uniformly dispersed fillers and the proper silane treatment of the filler surface. Consequently, it was predicted that GC Temp PRINT can be durable for long term use in the oral environment.

Wear Resistance of 3D Printed and Prefabricated Denture Teeth Opposing Zirconia.

To evaluate the wear resistance of a recently developed three-dimensional (3D) printed denture teeth resin compared to three commercially available prefabricated denture teeth. A total of 88 maxillary first molar denture teeth were evaluated: C (Classic; Dentsply Sirona, York, PA), DCL (SR Postaris DCL; Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein), IPN (Portrait IPN; Dentsply Sirona, York, PA), and F (Denture Teeth A2 Resin 1 L; Formlabs, Somerville, MA). The 3D printed denture tooth specimens were fabricated from a methacrylate-based photopolymerizing resin using stereolithography (SLA). Denture teeth were subjected to a three-body wear test with a poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) abrasive slurry. A Leinfelder-style four station wear apparatus with custom bullet-shaped milled zirconia styli was utilized with a load force of 36-40 N at 1.7 Hz for 200,000 cycles. Maximum depth of wear was measured using a lab grade scanner and analyzing software program. Data were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey's Multiple Comparisons post hoc test (α = 0.05). A statistically significant difference in depth of wear was found between denture tooth materials (p < 0.001). The mean vertical depth of wear for the 3D printed denture teeth (0.016 ± 0.010 mm) was statistically significantly less than the prefabricated denture teeth. The highly cross-linked denture teeth, DCL (0.036 ± 0.011 mm) and IPN (0.035 ± 0.014 mm), exhibited statistically significantly less wear than the conventional acrylic denture teeth. The conventional acrylic denture teeth demonstrated the greatest wear (0.058 ± 0.014 mm). No significant difference in depth of wear was found between DCL and IPN (p > 0.001). Denture tooth material significantly influences the depth of wear. The 3D printed denture teeth demonstrated superior wear resistance compared to the commercially available prefabricated denture teeth when opposed to zirconia. Denture teeth fabricated with SLA technology may have a promising future in prosthetic dentistry.

Three-body wear effect on different CAD/CAM ceramics staining durability

Regardless the materials properties, the vast majority of ceramic restorations could require an individualization through the extrinsic staining to improve aesthetics. This study aimed to compare the staining wear durability of different monolithic ceramics. Specimens of high translucent zirconia (YZHT), zirconia reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS), hybrid ceramic (HC) and feldspathic ceramic (FLD) were divided in five groups according to each material staining technique. The ZLS ceramic was tested with stained prior (ZLS1) and after crystallization (ZLS2). All specimens were extrinsically characterized, i.e. stained, and crystallized or sintered in specific ovens, according to the manufacturer's recommendation. The specimens were submitted to three-body wear tests in ACTA wear machine, simulating the presence of food bolus and antagonist (pH 7, 15 N, 1 Hz). The wear rate of the stain surface was determined after 5 intervals of 200,000 cycles, using a profilometer. The ceramic surface before and after staining, and after wear were inspected by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The wear rates were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey test. The wear rates of the staining were affected by ceramic and the number of cycles (P < 0.001). 100% of staining was removed after 200,000 cycles for HC, and after 600,000 cycles for YZHT and ZLS1. Staining of ZLS2 and FLD remained on ceramic surface even after 1,000,000 cycles. Furthermore, FLD showed a significant higher staining durability than ZLS2. SEM revealed different surface morphologies for each group with and without staining and after the wear test. Ceramics with fired staining showed higher durability compared to the polymerized one. The feldspar ceramic presented superior staining durability, followed by zirconia reinforced lithium silicate and high translucent zirconia. The conventional two steps staining technique showed improved durability for zirconia reinforced lithium silicate.

Development of Temperature-controlled and Humidity-controlled three-body Abrasive Wear Testing Machine based on MLD-10 Dynamic Abrasive Wear Testing Machine

In order to simulate engineering machinery (such as mining machinery, feed pellet machine, building machinery and so on), which existence of different degrees of high temperature and humid corrosion three-body abrasive wear behavior in the laboratory environment. In view of the current three-body abrasive wear testing machine cannot simultaneously take into account the composite conditions characteristics of the three-body abrasive wear behaviour, high temperature and humidity, and make the optimization design, based on the MLD-10 dynamic abrasive wear tester. It includes corrosion and wear groove, fluid medium, temperature measuring and controlling device, stirring device, etc. A three-body abrasive wear testing Machine that can control temperature and humidity. Subsequently, the simulated working condition test of the ring die of feed pellet machine were carried out. The test results show that the wear appearance of the test sample is basically consistent with that of the real ring die of feed pellet machine. It indicates that the developed testing machine can simulate the high temperature and humid three-body abrasive wear behavior, and has good reliability and applicability.

The response of two-wheeler tires to three-body wear phenomena by experimental simulation of off-road terrains

The operation of two wheelers frequently encounters off-road terrain comprising loose particles of sand and soil, which setup three-body abrasive wear phenomena affecting the tire life. To evaluate the response of two-wheeler tires on such terrains, the dry abrasive wear behavior of two-wheeler tires was experimentally determined using a three-body wear test apparatus. Three different mixtures of sand and granite dust of varying grit size, 100, 200, and 300 µm, were employed to represent the abrasive cluster, typical of the varying roughness on off-road terrains. Taguchi’s L27 (33) orthogonal array was applied to analyze the specific wear rate as a response to three parameters—load, speed, and road roughness—separately for front and rear two-wheeler tires. Variation of hardness and wear pattern observation for the front and rear tires were carried out to oversee the surface deterioration. A numerical model based on abrasive grit-tire surface interaction was developed for comparison with the experimental results.

Wear of direct resin composites and teeth: considerations for oral rehabilitation.

Little is known about the wear rate of enamel and dentin opposing resin composite following restoration of the occlusal surface in patients with tooth wear. Hence, the aim of this invitro study was to evaluate the wear of enamel and dentin surfaces when opposing each of three resin composites in a two-body and three-body wear test. The two-body and three-body wear of dentin, enamel, and three resin composites (Clearfil AP-X, Filtek Z250, and Filtek Supreme) opposing four antagonists (stainless steel and three resin composites) were evaluated using the ACTA wear machine. In addition, all the surfaces were evaluated with scanning electron microscopy. The results showed the lowest wear rate in enamel and the highest in dentine, with the composite showing intermediate wear rates. The three-body wear results were not affected by the antagonist and showed pure wear caused by the abrasive food medium. The invitro enamel/composite wear ratio was 2.5. The results show that tooth wear accelerates as soon as enamel disappears and dentin is exposed to composite resin. Therefore, it is important to protect dentin with a restorative material.

Wear and Corrosion Behavior of Tungsten Carbide Based Coating on Carbon Steel

High velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) coating techniques are employed mainly to improve the service life of engineering components, which is exposed to wear, erosion, corrosion or combination of both; wear and corrosion. The aim of this study is to investigate the wear and corrosion behavior of WC-10Ni and WC-12Co coating deposited onto medium carbon steel (Cast steel BS 3100 GR A3) blade. The blade was used to stir the mixture of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) with ilmenite to produce titanium dioxide (TiO2) pigments. The microstructures of both coatings before and after wear and corrosion testing were evaluated using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Vickers microhardness testing was used to examine the coatings hardness. The three-body wear test with wet condition using silicon carbide (SiC) slurry was used to investigate the wear behavior for both coating. The experiment was based on weight loss of the sample and Archard’s law to determine the wear rate of the coating. In addition, the three-electrode electrochemical test was used to investigate the corrosion behavior of the coatings. The mixture of H2SO4 and ilmenite used as an electrolyte of the test. It is found that the wear rate will increase with increasing of the weight loss. This is consistent with decreases of the volume fraction loss and hardness of the coating. After corrosion test, it can be observed that the existence of the crack and porosity on the coating increasing the corrosion behavior of coating. With high volume fraction and hardness, WC-12Co shows higher wear resistance compared to WC-10Ni. However, the value of corrosion rate for both coating has a slight difference due to better corrosion resistance of Ni binder itself.

Investigation of Two- and Three-Body Wear Resistance on Flowable Bulk-Fill and Resin-Based Composites

The purpose of the present study was to investigate two and three-body wear resistance and hardness of eighth kinds of modern bulk-fill and resin-based composite materials — Grandio, Estelite Flow, Filtek bulk-fill, Charisma, Clearfil, Ultimate, Quadrant, and G-aenial. All samples were kept in distilled water for one week, and their Vickers hardness was determined before two- and three-body wear tests. The mean volume loss of all specimens after the wear tests was determined by the 3D profilometry. In addition, a random specimen was selected from each test group and scanning electron microscope images were taken for an analysis of wear tracks. The surface morphology of the Clearfil and Ultimate composite materials was damaged severely, whereas Grandio and Charisma had a very smooth surface after two-body wear tests. The lowest mean volume loss was measured in micro-fill Grandio two-body and three-body wear tests. The Filtek bulk-fill and resinbased composites showed similar two- and three-body wear behavior. For the composite materials considered, correlations between the filler volume loss, Vickers hardness, and two- and three-body wear resistances were found to be insignificant.

Investigation of three-body wear of dental materials under different chewing cycles

Abstract This paper investigates the three-body wear resistance rates of five restorative dental composite materials at different mastication cycles and compares the results with that of an amalgam material. Five specimens of each material were exposed three-body wear tests using a computer-controlled chewing simulator with steatite balls as the antagonist (1.6 Hz, 49 N load; 120,000, 240,000 and 480,000 mechanical cycles; and thermal cycling between 5 and 55°C at 5 min/cycle and 3000 cycles) immersed in a poppy seed slurry (three-body wear environment). Initially, the microhardness values of the composite materials in the Vicker’s hardness (HV) scale were determined. The mean volume loss of the worn surfaces was measured with a three-dimensional profilometer. Means and standard deviations were calculated, and statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA (α=0.05). Additionally, scanning electron microscopy analysis was performed to examine the wear tracks on the surface. The interactions between the composite resin and mean volume loss were found to be significant. The three-body wear rates for the composites Durafil and Kalore composite were significantly higher than those of the other composites and the amalgam irrespective of the number of mastication cycles. Filtek Z250 and Filtek Supreme composite resins had good three-body wear resistance similar to that of the amalgam. However, this study suggests that the correlation between Vicker’s hardness and three-body wear resistance is not significant.

Abrasive wear behavior of silane treated nanoalumina filled dental composite under food slurry and distilled water condition

Abstract The aims of the present study were to develop a dental composite filled with silanized nanoalumina and then to investigate the effect of nanoalumina filler on the two-body and three-body wear behavior under distilled water and food slurry medium, respectively. The dental composites were fabricated by adding silane treated nanoalumina filler particle in the weight percentage of (0–3 wt.%) to the matrix of BisGMA, TEGDMA, CQ and EDMAB. Two-body and three-body wear tests were performed in dental wear simulator machine with varying parameters such as normal load, chewing speed and chamber temperature in such a way as to simulate mastication process. Taguchi’s orthogonal array (L16) design, steady state condition and ANOVA were applied to evaluate the optimum parameter for minimum wear and effect of each parameter on the wear performance of dental composites. The finding of the result indicated that mean volumetric wear rate of dental composite in distilled water (i.e. two-body abrasion) was 33.23% more than that of the same composite in food slurry condition (i.e. three-body abrasion).

Three-Body Abrasive Wear Behaviour of Microfiller-FilledCarbon–Epoxy Composites: A Factorial Design Approach

The influence of silane treated aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) microfillers on three-body abrasive wear behaviour of carbon fabric reinforced epoxy (C–E) composites was evaluated using a rubber wheel abrasion tester. Three-body wear tests were conducted at different loads/abrading distances. The experimental results showed that the wear volume increased with increasing abrading distance/ load while the specific wear rate decreased with increasing abrading distance. It was found that silane treated aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) as fillers enhanced the abrasion resistance of the C–E composites. Further, the specific wear rate depends on applied load, the type of filler and filler loading. The factorial design was carried out to investigate the effects of individual operating parameters like normal load, abrading distance, type of filler and filler loading and the combined effect of these same parameters, and their interactions with the contact surfaces, on the wear of C–E composites. It was found that the combined effect of operating parameters and their interactions with the contact surfaces had a profound influence on the wear of these composites. The worn surface morphology was performed to investigate the wear mechanisms involved during abrasion process.

Influence of laboratory light sources on the wear characteristics of indirect composites

The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the influence of light sources on the mechanical properties and wear characteristics of indirect composite materials. The two composite materials used were Estenia C&B and Epricord. The three laboratory polymerization units used, of which the wavelength range was 400-500 nm, were Hyper LII (two metal halide lamps of 4.82 mW/cm(2)), α-Light II (one halogen lamp and two fluorescent tubes of 3.60 mW/cm(2)), and Labolight LV-II (three fluorescent tubes of 0.63 mW/cm(2)). Three-body wear test was performed using indirect composite plate specimens, a gold alloy antagonist, and a polymer slurry. Wear depths of Estenia C&B polymerized with Hyper LII, α-Light II, and Labolight LV-II were 5.7, 18.5, and 64.2 µm respectively, whereas those of Epricord were 12.9, 18.7, and 48.5 µm respectively. Results showed that, after 100,000 cycles of localized loading, high-intensity light sources were effective in enhancing the wear resistance of both composite materials.

Mechanical and Three-body Abrasive Wear Behavior of Carbon-Epoxy Composite With and Without Graphite Filler

Fiber and particulate reinforced polymeric composites are known to possess high strength and attractive wear resistance in dry sliding conditions. Though the reinforcement and/filler type are known to control the properties, less is known about their tribo performance especially with graphite as filler material. How these composites perform in abrasive wear situations needs a proper understanding. Hence, the present investigation reports on the mechanical and three-body abrasive wear behavior of carbon fabric reinforced epoxy (C-E) and silane treated graphite filled C-E (Gr-C-E) composites. The mechanical properties were evaluated using Universal testing machine. In three-body wear tests, quartz particles of size 150-200 μm were used as dry and loose abrasives. Three-body abrasive wear tests were conducted using rubber wheel abrasion tester under different loads/abrading distances. The results showed that the wear volume increased with increasing abrading distance and the specific wear rate decreased with abrading distance/load and depends on filler loading. However, the presence of silane treated graphite filler in C-E showed a promising trend. Further, the abrasive wear volume of composites has been correlated with mechanical properties such as hardness, tensile strength and percentage elongation. The worn surface features, when examined through scanning electron microscopy, showed more number of broken carbon fibers in C-E compared to graphite filled C-E composites.

Experimental investigation on the abrasive wear behavior of nanoclay‐filled EVA/LDPE composites

AbstractThe article presents the results of experimental investigation on three‐body abrasive wear behavior of nanoclay‐filled EVA/LDPE (NC‐EVA/LDPE) composites. NC‐EVA/LDPE composites with and without compatibilizer were prepared by Brabender Co‐Twin extruder (Make: CMEI, Model: 16CME, SPL) and poly(ethylene‐co‐glycidyl methacrylate) was used as the compatibilizer. The mechanical properties were evaluated using Universal testing machine. In three‐body wear tests, silica sand particles of size 200–250 μm were used as dry and loose abrasives. Three‐body abrasive wear studies were carried out using dry sand/rubber wheel abrasion test rig. The effect of abrading distance on the abrasive wear behavior of neat EVA, EVA/LDPE, and NC‐EVA/LDPE composites was reported. The results showed that the wear volume loss is increased with increase in abrading distance and the specific wear rate decreased with increase in abrading distance. However, the presence of nanoclay filler in EVA/LDPE composite showed a promising trend. Abrasive wear volume of the composites was correlated with mechanical properties such as hardness, tensile strength, and percentage elongation. However, higher weight percentage of LDPE in EVA increased the wear rate. The results indicate that NC‐EVA/LDPE with compatibilizer composite exhibits good abrasive wear resistance compared with NC‐EVA/LDPE without compatibilizer. Attempts to explain these differing trends are made in this work by analyzing the features observed on the worn surface samples by employing scanning electron microscopy (SEM). POLYM. COMPOS., 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers

Wear of feldspathic ceramic, nano‐filled composite resin and acrylic resin artificial teeth when opposed to different antagonists

The aim of this study was to evaluate the wear of denture teeth and their antagonists produced by two-body and three-body wear tests. Three types of denture teeth, namely feldspathic ceramic (FC), nano-filled composite resin (NCR), and experimental acrylic resin teeth (AR), were tested. For each type two groups of eight upper premolars each were prepared. The first group was tested against cusps from the same material and the second group was tested against human enamel cusps. Each group was loaded with a total of 200,000 chewing cycles (two-body wear 100,000 cycles and three-body wear 100,000 cycles). Wear was analyzed by measuring the maximum depth and volume loss of the denture teeth using a laser scanner and by measuring the vertical loss of the antagonists using an optical macroscope. Statistically, there was no significant difference between the following combinations: FC-FC and NCR-NCR regarding the vertical and volume loss; and FC-enamel and NCR-enamel regarding the total vertical substance loss. The combinations AR-AR and AR-enamel showed higher wear values than the other combinations. For complete dentures, composite resin and ceramic teeth showed similar vertical and volume loss, whereas composite resin teeth seemed to be more suitable for partial dentures opposing natural teeth in terms of wear of teeth and antagonists.