Thompson Procedure Research Articles

Pancreaticoduodenectomy Is the Best Surgical Procedure for Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome Associated with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1.

Simple SummaryApproximately 30% of patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) develop the Zollinger–Ellison syndrome (ZES), caused by solitary or multiple duodenal gastrinomas. Its management, especially regarding indication, timing, and type of surgery, is highly controversial. Therefore, the present study evaluated the long-term outcomes of pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) versus non-PD resections in MEN1-ZES with regard to biochemical cure and quality of life. We found in a series of 35 patients that initial PD is the superior surgical procedure for MEN1-ZES, leading to long-term cure in about 80% of patients, fewer duodenopancreatic reoperations and an acceptable quality of life. Based on the results of this study, MEN1-ZES should be considered a surgically curable disease.Aim: The aim of this research was to evaluate the long-term outcome of pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) versus other duodenopancreatic resections (non-PD) for the surgical treatment of the Zollinger–Ellison syndrome (ZES) in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1). Methods: Prospectively recorded patients with biochemically confirmed MEN1-ZES who underwent duodenopancreatic surgery were retrospectively analyzed in terms of clinical characteristics, complications, cure rate, and long-term morbidity, including quality of life assessment (EORTC QLQ-C30). Results: 35 patients (16 female, 19 male) with MEN1-ZES due to duodenopancreatic gastrinomas with a median age of 42 (range 30–74) years were included. At the time of diagnosis, 28 (80%) gastrinomas were malignant, but distant metastases were only present in one (3%) patient. Eleven patients (31.4%) underwent pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) as the initial procedure, whereas 24 patients underwent non-PD resections involving duodenotomy with gastrinoma excision, enucleation of the pNEN from the head of the pancreas, and peripancreatic lymphadenectomy, either with or without distal pancreatectomy (i.e., either Thompson procedure, n = 12, or DUODX, n = 12). There was no significant difference in perioperative morbidity and mortality between the two groups (p ≥ 0.05). One (9%) patient of the PD group required reoperation for recurrent or metastatic ZES compared to eight (22.8%) patients of the non-PD resection groups. After a median follow-up time of 134 months (range 6–480) nine of 11 (82%) patients in the PD group, two of 12 (16%) patients in the Thompson procedure group, and three of 12 (25%) patients in the DUODX group had normal serum gastrin levels. In addition, the global health QoLScore was better in the PD group (76.9) compared to the Thompson procedure (57.4) and DUODX (59.5) groups. Conclusions: Initial PD seems to be the superior surgical procedure for MEN1-ZES, resulting in a long-term cure rate of about 80%, fewer duodenopancreatic reoperations, and an acceptable quality of life.

The Morass of the Anti-Injunction Act: a Review of the Cases and Major Issues

As Congress gives the Internal Revenue Service more tasks to perform beyond its function of assessing and collecting taxes, courts, practitioners, and academics are struggling to apply the Anti-Injunction Act (AIA) as the IRS promulgates procedures in the course of fulfilling new mandates. The AIA has its origins in the post-Civil War era when the federal government established new procedures ensuring the assessment and collection of taxes. It may seem odd an over 150-year old provision is fueling a growing number of contested and controversial disputes. Yet, the AIA has taken on renewed importance as courts consider challenges to tax regulations and guidance, fueled in part by the increasing importance of administrative law in issues of tax procedure and administration. From a normative perspective, we sympathize with legislative proposals providing additional ways to challenge regulations and other IRS guidance. We believe allowing an opportunity to bring good faith pre-enforcement challenges to regulations and guidance will enhance public confidence in the tax system and improve the quality of the rules in the first instance. Given congressional dysfunction and a low probability of any meaningful legislation addressing the issue (at least in the short term), courts, practitioners, and academics are left struggling with an increasingly complex and confused AIA jurisprudence. In this Article, which draws heavily on the AIA material in the Thompson Reuters treatise IRS Practice and Procedure where one of us is the lead successor author and the other a contributing author, we provide a discussion and analysis of the case law. Part I details the statutory provisions of the AIA and the Declaratory Judgment Act (DJA). Part II discusses judicially created exceptions to applications of the AIA. Part III examines what constitutes “restraining the assessment or collection” of tax. Part IV explores what constitutes a “tax” for purposes of the AIA and DJA.

Novel Modification of Abductor Pollicis Longus Suspension Arthroplasty with Trapeziectomy for Thumb Carpometacarpal Osteoarthritis

We compared the clinical results of a newly modified abductor pollicis longus (APL) suspension arthroplasty with trapeziectomy procedure (modified Thompson procedure) with those of the original APL suspension arthroplasty with trapeziectomy procedure (original Thompson procedure) for treatment of advanced osteoarthritis of the thumb carpometacarpal (CMC) joint and assessed the effectiveness of the modified Thompson procedure for thumb CMC osteoarthritis. Ten hands of 10 patients (Group 1) were treated with the original Thompson procedure. Twenty hands of 16 patients (Group 2) were treated with the modified Thompson procedure, in which the bone tunnel positions were rearranged for a more dorsoradial passage of the transferred APL. Significant differences between values before and after surgery were noted in thumb palmar and radial abduction angles, pinch power, grip strength, Quick Disability of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaire (Quick DASH) score, and visual analog scale (VAS) score. There was no statistically significant difference in thumb palmar abduction angle, pinch power, grip strength, Quick DASH score, or VAS score between Groups 1 and 2. However, range of motion of radial abduction in the thumb was significantly better for patients in Group 2 than for those in Group 1. The modified Thompson procedure is a simple, effective technique that results in greater improvement in thumb radial abduction angle, as compared with the original technique, in patients with advanced thumb CMC osteoarthritis. Additionally, the modified technique is as useful as the original procedure for early restoration of thumb function and pain relief.

Thompson procedure for chronic mallet finger with tendon defect

Objective To evaluate the Thompson procedure in the treatment of chronic mallet finger with tendon defect. Methods From July 2014 to October 2016, 9 cases of chronic mallet finger with tendon defect were treated by Thompson procedure at Department of Hand Surgery, Wuhan Puai Hospital. They were 4 males and 5 females, aged from 25 to 56 years (average, 36 years). Their disorder was on the left side in 3 cases and on the right side in 6 ones, involving 2 index fingers, 3 middle fingers, 3 ring fingers and one little finger. The ranges of motion (ROM) for distal and proximal interphalangeal joints were measured after operation. Operative complications were observed and recorded. Dargan functional assessment was used to evaluate the out-comes at the final follow-up. Results All the 9 patients were followed up for 5 to 36 months (average, 16.5 months). The wounds healed primarily without such complications as infection, skin breakage, abnormal fingertip sensation or nail deformity. All cases of mallet finger malformation were corrected. About 10 weeks after operation, one case presented with mild mallet finger malformation which was completely corrected after active fixation for 8 weeks. The Dargan assessment at the final follow-up showed 8 excellent and one good cases. Conclusion Thompson procedure can lead to satisfactory outcomes and limited complications in the treatment of chronic mallet finger with tendon defect. Key words: Finger injuries; Tendinopathy; Postoperative complications; Thompson procedure

Integrated scheduling of part, tool and automated guided vehicles in a flexible manufacturing system using modified genetic algorithm

Scheduling of part and tools without considering material handling devices may result into non-implementable results as the material handling system constraints affect the overall scheduling. In this paper, an attempt has been made for the simultaneous scheduling of part, tool and two automated guided vehicles (AGVs) in a flexible manufacturing system which has identical machines with no on-board tool magazine. All the tools are stored in a common tool magazine and are shared among different machines through a material handling system. Each tool type is single in number. The problem has two interrelated problems; one as loading and scheduling of part and tool and other as scheduling of AGVs. Two heuristics namely priority dispatching rules (PDRs) and modified genetic algorithm (MGA) with three parent crossover are used to find the optimal solution to the integrated scheduling problem. Both PDRs and MGA use an algorithm based on the concept of Giffler and Thompson procedure and a heuristic approach to generate the active feasible schedule. The performance of the two proposed algorithm is compared for the results of makespan. It was found that the MGA gives better results.

Integrated scheduling of part, tool and automated guided vehicles in a flexible manufacturing system using modified genetic algorithm

Scheduling of part and tools without considering material handling devices may result into non-implementable results as the material handling system constraints affect the overall scheduling. In this paper, an attempt has been made for the simultaneous scheduling of part, tool and two automated guided vehicles (AGVs) in a flexible manufacturing system which has identical machines with no on-board tool magazine. All the tools are stored in a common tool magazine and are shared among different machines through a material handling system. Each tool type is single in number. The problem has two interrelated problems; one as loading and scheduling of part and tool and other as scheduling of AGVs. Two heuristics namely priority dispatching rules (PDRs) and modified genetic algorithm (MGA) with three parent crossover are used to find the optimal solution to the integrated scheduling problem. Both PDRs and MGA use an algorithm based on the concept of Giffler and Thompson procedure and a heuristic approach to generate the active feasible schedule. The performance of the two proposed algorithm is compared for the results of makespan. It was found that the MGA gives better results.

Integrated scheduling of part and tool in a flexible manufacturing system using modified genetic algorithm

Scheduling problems in an FMS have been considered as complex optimization problems whose solution by conventional techniques requires a great deal of efforts and time. In this paper, a simultaneous loading and scheduling of part and tool has been proposed for a flexible manufacturing system which has identical machines and a common tool magazine. All the tools are stored in the common tool magazine, and shared among the different machines through a material handling system. Each tool type is single in number. A modified genetic algorithm (MGA) with three parent crossover and a mutation operator is used to find the optimal solution of the loading and scheduling problem. The MGA uses an algorithm which is based on Giffler and Thompson procedure with a heuristic approach to resolve the job conflict and generate an active feasible schedule. The performance of the proposed algorithm is analyzed by comparing the makespan results with the results existing in literature. It is observed that the MGA yields better results than the algorithms reported so far. Furthermore, efficiency of MGA improves as the problem size increases.

The Thompson procedure for treating chronic mallet finger with swan neck deformity

Objective To evaluate the outcomes of treating chronic mallet finger with swan neck deformity with Thompson procedure. Methods Eight cases of chronic mallet finger with swan neck deformity were treated with the Thompson procedure from June 2013 to October 2014. Ranges of motion of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) and proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints were measured both pre- and postoperatively. The treatment outcomes were evaluated using Abouna and Brown criteria. Results All the patients were follow-up for 4 to 22 months with an average of 12.5 months. At the final follow-up the average extension lag of the DIP joint was ﹣6° (range, ﹣10° to ﹣5°), while that of the PIP joint was ﹣4° (range, ﹣30° to 0 °). Flexion was 61° (range, 45° to 85°) for the DIP joint and 90° (range, 80° to 110°) for the PIP joint. The swan neck deformity was corrected in all the cases. Mild Boutonniere deformity and a dimple at the proximal tied end of the tendon graft were seen in 1 case. Assessment by Abouna and Brown criteria revealed that 7 of 8 patients were recognized as cured and one as improved. Conclusion The Thompson procedure provides a predictable method for correcting loss of DIP joint extension with PIP joint hyperextension. It is an effective technique for treating chronic mallet finger with a swan neck deformity. Key words: Tendon injuries; Treatment outcome; Mallet finger; Swan neck deformity; Thompson procedure

Machine scheduling in underground mining: an application in the potash industry

In this paper, a scheduling problem that occurs in potash mining is introduced, where a block excavation sequence has to be found taking into account a limited number of underground machines as well as safety-related restrictions. The aim is to minimize the maximum completion time of excavations, i.e., the makespan. The resulting problem can be transformed into a hybrid flow shop scheduling problem with reentry, unrelated machines, and job-precedences. A mixed-integer linear model is presented and small-scale instances are solved with CPLEX. In order to tackle medium- and large-scale instances heuristically, a basic and an advanced multi-start algorithm are developed, based on a specific priority rule-based construction procedure. In addition, a modified version of the Giffler and Thompson procedure is applied. Computational experiments are conducted on problem instances derived from real-world data in order to evaluate the performances of the proposed solution procedures.

The Thompson Procedure for Chronic Mallet Finger Deformity

To evaluate the outcomes of the Thompson procedure for chronic mallet finger deformity and review the utility of this procedure. Seven cases of chronic mallet finger with a swan neck deformity were treated by the Thompson procedure. Ranges of motion for the distal interphalangeal (DIP) and proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints were measured, and complications were investigated at the final examination. Patients were evaluated using the criteria reported by Abouna and Brown. Four patients were men, and 3 were women. The average age at the time of surgery was 44 years (range, 25 to 71 y). The middle finger was affected in 4 cases, and the index, ring, and small finger were involved in 1 case each. The average extensor lag on the DIP joint was 42° (range, 35° to 50°). All cases were treated with the Thompson procedure. The swan neck deformity was corrected in all cases. The average motion at the final examination was -4° (range, -30° to 0°) in extension and 91° (range, 85° to 110°) in flexion for the PIP joint and -5° (range, -10° to 0 °) in extension and 63° (range, 45° to 85°) in flexion for the DIP joint. A buttonhole deformity and a dimple at the proximal tied end of the graft were seen in 1 case. Assessment by the criteria of Abouna and Brown revealed that 6 of 7 patients were categorized as cured and one as improved. No patient was categorized as unchanged. The procedure provides a predictable method for correcting loss of DIP joint extension with or without PIP joint hyperextension. We believe that the Thompson procedure is an effective technique for the salvage, following failed treatment, of a closed mallet injury with an associated swan neck deformity.

Thompson's Procedure for Failed Mallet Finger Deformity of Tendon Origin: Level 4 Evidence

Thompson's Procedure for Failed Mallet Finger Deformity of Tendon Origin: Level 4 Evidence

Study of the Cox–Thompson inverse scattering method with a Coulomb potential

In order to learn more about the precision of the inversion by the Cox–Thompson method, we investigated the inversion of phase shifts of a singular potential, namely of a Coulomb potential. Using asymptotically Riccati–Bessel functions as reference functions, we could only approximately reproduce the singularity of the Coulomb potential at the origin. We also show uncertainties in the inverted potential due to different minima in the minimization solution of the nonlinear equations of the Cox–Thompson procedure. As a result, we conclude that one has to take much care with the inversion of experimental phase shifts suffering from measurement errors.

Analysis of the structure of the brain stem of mammals by means of a modified D’Arcy Thompson procedure

In his famous book, 'On Growth and Form', D'Arcy Thompson demonstrated that the shapes of related animals, or parts thereof, can be transformed into each other by a simple graphical procedure, called the method of coordinates. In this procedure, an object is inscribed in a net of Cartesian coordinates. It appeared that the shape of related objects could be characterized by means of simple, harmonious deformations of the initial orthogonal system of coordinates. Here, I demonstrate that: (1) the central nervous system contains a built-in, natural coordinate system; (2) differences in shape and proportion of cross sections through the brain stem of various mammals can be easily analyzed with the aid of this coordinate system, and (3) sets of structures in the mammalian brain stem, which are closely related to the neocortex, but form part of entirely different functional systems, form spatially constrained complexes, and have the capacity to expand jointly and harmoniously within these complexes.

Sequencing and scheduling of job and tool in a flexible manufacturing cell

Flexible manufacturing cells (FMCs) are now common place in many manufacturing companies, due to their numerous advantages such as the production of a wide range of part types with short lead times, low work-in-progress, economical production of small batches and high resource utilization. Part and tool flows, two major dynamic entities, are the key factors and their management plays an important role in the operation of a FMC. The theme of this paper is to a generate joint operation - tool schedule in a FMC consisting of several machines and a common tool magazine (CTM). To achieve this aim, the jobs and tools must be jointly sequenced and scheduled in a tool constrained environment. Two heuristic algorithms, priority dispatching rules algorithm (PDRA) and simulated annealing algorithm (SAA) are proposed to derive optimal solutions. PDRA, are the most frequently applied heuristics for solving job shop/combinatorial scheduling problems in practice because of their ease of implementation and their low complexity, when compared with excel algorithms. SAA that belong to search categories, which are emerging along with the high computational capability of computers, can be used for FMS scheduling problems. Both adopt the Giffler & Thompson procedure for active feasible schedule generation. The performance of these two algorithms is compared with makespan and computational time. The analysis reveals that the SAA based heuristic provides an optimal or near optimal solution with reasonable computational time.

A multiobjective genetic algorithm for job shop scheduling

In this paper, a Multi Objective Genetic Algorithm (MOGA) is proposed to derive the optimal machine-wise priority dispatching rules ( pdrs ) to resolve the conflict among the contending jobs in the Giffler and Thompson (GT) procedure applied for job shop problems. The performance criterion considered is the weighed sum of the multiple objectives minimization of makespan, minimization of total idle time of machines and minimization of total tardiness. The weights assigned for combining the objectives into a scalar fitness function are not constant. They are specified randomly for each evaluation. This in turn leads to the multidirectional search in the proposed MOGA, which in turn mitigates the solution being entrapped in local minima. The applicability and usefulness of the proposed methodology for the scheduling of job shops is illustrated with 28 benchmark problems available in the open literature.

外傷性ｓｗａｎ ｎｅｃｋ変形に対する治療経験

Thompson's surgical procedure was carried out on 4 cases of post traumatic swan neck deformity. The mean time from injury to surgery was 88 months, and that following surgery was 26 months, ranging from 8 months to 6 years. Reconstruction of the oblique retinacular ligament was performed with the palmalis longus tencion used as a free tendon graft.In all the cases, the swan neck deformity was corrected. The mean extension of the PIP joint was 36 degrees before surgery, improving to -4 degrees ranging from -12 to 0 degrees during follow up. The mean extension lag of the DIP joint was 32 degrees, improving to -5 degrees ranging from -21 to 0 degrees during follow-up.Thompson's procedure is useful for correcting such post traumatic swan neck deformity.

The fatty acid composition of lipids of neuronal and glial nuclear fractions isolated from 15-day-old rabbit cerebral cortex.

A neuronal nuclear fraction (N1) and a glial nuclear fraction (N2) have been isolated from 15-day-old rabbit cerebral cortex using the Thompson procedure. More than 56% of the homogenate DNA was recovered in the two nuclear fractions, with N1 being the larger by about eightfold. Fractions N1 and N2 had very similar phospholipid distributions, with phosphatidylinositol being a larger component than phosphatidylserine. Fatty acid analyses demonstrated that phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylinositol, individually, had similar fatty acid profiles in fractions N1 and N2, and also in nuclear and microsomal fractions derived from homogenates of nerve cell bodies isolated from cortex of 15-day-old rabbits. In contrast, the nuclear phosphatidylcholines had lower levels of palmitate and higher levels of arachidonate than did microsomal phosphatidylcholines. Molecular species analyses indicated that monoenes (41 mol%), tetraenes (20 mol%), and saturates (13 mol%, composed chiefly of palmitate) were the principal classes of N1 phosphatidylcholines, while the diacyl species of phosphatidylethanolamine of this fraction were characterized by high levels of tetraenes (44 mol%), pentaenes (17 mol%), and hexaenes + polyenes (24 mol%). The neutral glycerides of fraction N1 occurred collectively at a level of 0.05 mol/mol phospholipid. Prominent fatty acids of diacylglycerols included palmitate (31%), oleate (20%), arachidonate (14%), and stearate (13%). Triacylglycerols showed a similar pattern but with relatively high levels of linoleate (11%), while monoacylglycerols consisted almost entirely of palmitate (33%), stearate (35%), and oleate (24%).

Opposition of the Thumb and Its Restoration

The restoration of opposition is feasible by means of several operative approaches. Among them the Thompson procedure offers a relatively simple yet effective method. If failure occurs it can seldom be attributed to a fault of the particular method employed; it is much more often caused by the selection of an inadequate motor tendon or its insertion under insufficient tension. Residual power and function of the hand and the relationship of the hand to the extremity as a whole must be carefully appraised before attempting to restore opposition of the thumb. If contracture of the thumb has occurred, this deformity should be corrected prior to (or at the time of) tendon transfer. The restoration of opposition of the thumb in children should not be delayed because of age or skeletal immaturity.