Thinking Process Of Students Research Articles

Students' Geometric Thinking Processes in Terms of Spatial Intelligence

Geometry is mandatory knowledge for mathematics education students who hope to become teachers. A prospective teacher must have maximum geometry skills to be able to teach geometry knowledge to students well. The observations on Mathematics Education students showed that the problem was that students' geometric thinking ability was still at level 2 (analysis). The purpose of this study is to identify the geometric thinking process of students from their spatial ability. The qualitative descriptive method used in the study was used to describe the geometric thinking process of students based on spatial ability. The subject of the study is a student in the Mathematics Education undergraduate program at a private university in Semarang, Indonesia. Research instruments used: spatial ability test, geometry test, and interview guidelines. The test and interview data results were a data triangulation to obtain qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of the study show that there are four stages of students' geometric thinking process based on their spatial abilities, namely: 1) Identify information and reflect knowledge, 2) visualize the results of identification in the form of images, and explore knowledge, 3) constructing thinking in planning solutions, 4) reasoning process to solve problems and prove statements. The results of this study can be used for future research in designing the right learning method for optimizing students' geometric thinking processes.

Dynamics and Diagnosis of Independent Thinking Processes of Students (on the Example of the First Teenagers)

The article describes, creative, modular technologies for improving the socio-psychological mechanisms of the development of independent thinking of adolescent students are included in the practice. The following methodologies were used, which were considered subtests of the scientific and theoretical sources on the topic, comparative analysis, observation, question and answer, conversation, Wexler and Amtxauer methodologies: methodology "separation of important characters", methodology "quantitative relations", methodology of "intellectual disability", methodology "complex analogy", conducting training sessions on advanced pedagogical technologies in order to determine the psychological impact,generalization of mathematical-statistical results in order to prove the scientific value of empirical materials. Theoretical and practical significance of the study: scientific-theoretical justification of the problem of independent thinking of adolescents; identification of its specific psychological and pedagogical characteristics; identification of the content, forms and methods of independent thinking of adolescents, the development of its holistic system; development of criteria aimed at determining effective forms of independent thinking of adolescents, as well as scientifically based conclusions and recommendations on The practical significance of the study is that the ideas advanced in it can be used in the study of general secondary education schools “sense of Homeland”, “literature” (grades 5-6) educational subjects, a special course “independent thinking of adolescents”, Physical Education, Higher and secondary specialized vocational education institutions, teachers ' training and retraining institutes “pedagogy”, “psychology of young Times”.

PROSES BERPIKIR KREATIF SISWA SMP DALAM MENYELESAIKAN MASALAH SISTEM PERSAMAAN LINEAR DUA VARIABEL BERDASARKAN TEORI WALLAS

The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study is to describe how junior high school students apply Wallas theory to solve problems involving a two-variable linear equation system (SPLDV). The main data in this study came from the results of written tests and subject interviews. Three students of class VIII-I from SMP Negeri 19 Malang became the research subjects. Subject selection is based on the process of solving the test questions given based on the indicators of Wallas' theory. In addition, good oral communication skills are required for further interviews. The instrument in this study consisted of one SPLDV story question and a validated interview guide. Source/data triangulation techniques and methods were used to validate this research data. The results showed that overall, students' creative thinking abilities were very diverse. There are students who are able to pass 3 stages of creative thinking. However, there are students who are only able to pass 2 stages. There are even students who only pass 1 stage of Wallas creative thinking. So it can be said that the creative thinking process of students is still relatively low. Students are able to draw conclusions correctly, but students' creative thinking processes according to the creative thinking stage of Wallas' theory are still not able to be passed properly, especially at the preparation and verification stages.

Students' Critical Thinking Ability in Solving Story Problems of Three-Variable Linear Equation System

This study aims to describe how the critical thinking process of students in solving math problems in the form of story problems of the Three-Variable Linear Equation System (SPLTV). This type of research is descriptive and uses qualitative methods. The subjects in this study were 6 students of class X 5 SMA Batik 1 Surakarta with high, medium, and low categories. Data collection techniques used tests and interviews, which have been declared valid by validators. Indicators of students' critical thinking abilities in research include clarification, assessment, strategy and inference. The results of this study are high category students can fulfill all indicators of critical thinking aspects, namely clarification, assessment, strategies, and inference. Medium category students are only able to fulfill three indicators, namely clarification, assessment, and strategies or only two indicators, namely clarification, and assessment. Low category students are only able to fulfill one critical thinking indicator, namely clarification, while other subjects cannot fulfill any critical thinking indicators.
 Keywords: critical thinking, math story problems, SPLTV.

Profile of Intuitive Thinking Ability on the Topic of Limits Assessed Based on Students’ Representation of Functions

This research aims to describe the intuitive thinking process of students who are capable of representing functions graphically and notationally, only able to represent functions graphically, only able to represent functions in notation, and unable to represent functions graphically or notationally in understanding the concept of limit. This research is a qualitative study and was carried out at ABBS (Al-Abidin Bilingual Boarding School) high school in the odd semester of the 2023/2024 teaching year. The subject of the study was a student in the 12th grade of high school who was selected based on the way the student represented the function, i.e. was able to represent the function graphically and notationly, was only able to represent the function graphically, was only able to represent the function in notation, and was not able to represent the function graphically or notationally. Data collection was carried out with a written test technique. The validity of the data in this study uses source triangulation whereas the data analysis technique used is the Miles and Huberman model consisting of data reduction, data presentation, and inference recall. The results of the research concluded that students who can represent functions in the form of graphics and notation, only in graphic form, only in the form of notation have the intuitive thinking ability Power of synthesis, that is, students can answer questions directly, immediately, or suddenly using the ability of combinations of formulas and algorithms that they possess. Students who cannot represent functions in graphic and notation forms own the ability to think intuitively Catalitic Inference, that is, answering direct questions immediately, using shortcuts, giving short answers, are not detailed, and are unable to give logical reasoning.

Proses Berpikir Aljabar Berdasarkan Level Kognitif Mahasiswa

Algebraic thinking skills need to be developed through learning mathematics, this is necessary to improve understanding of algebraic concepts. The ability to generalize experiences about numbers and calculations is a component of algebraic thinking abilities. It is important to know the student's algebraic thinking process. By knowing the student's thinking process, you can find out where the student's difficulties are and the causes of these difficulties. This research aims to analyze students' algebraic thinking processes based on students' cognitive levels. This research is qualitative research with an exploratory method. The subjects of this research were 21 Semester II Mathematics Education students at STKIP Kusuma Negara Jakarta. The data collection technique begins with giving algebraic thinking questions. The data analysis techniques used are data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The research results showed that students in the high and medium categories met the indicators for all algebraic thinking, while students in the low category did not meet the algebraic thinking indicators. At the cognitive level, S1 subject meet all cognitive levels, S2 subject do not meet the cognitive level of knowledge utilization, and S3 subject only meet the cognitive analysis knowledge level.

PROSES BERPIKIR KREATIF MATEMATIS SISWA MENURUT DAVID CAMPBELL DITINJAU DARI GAYA KOGNITIF

This study aims to describe the mathematical creative thinking process of students according to David Campbell's stages in terms of reflective and impulsive cognitive styles on awakening and congruence material. This study used descriptive qualitative research method. Data collection techniques in this study used MFFT (Matching Familiar Figure Test) tests, creative thinking ability tests, and interviews. The main instruments are the researchers themselves and supporting instruments are MFFT (Matching Familiar Figure Test) test instruments and mathematical creative thinking ability test instruments. The subjects of the study were grade IX students of SMPN 1 Tasikmalaya who met all indicators of mathematical creative thinking ability in each cognitive, reflective and impulsive style and could communicate well. The data analysis techniques used are data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. Based on the results of the study, conclusions were obtained (1) The creative thinking process of reflective students (S1R): can convey information known and asked about questions orally and in writing, show changes in their facial features, do brooding activities while playing stationery, hair and legs slowly, can choose the way of solving obtained after going through the process of guessing smoothly, can show solutions in two ways and Set his own ideas with a long enough time, equate the completion results in the first and second ways and recalculate the completion steps. (2) The creative thinking process of impulsive students (S11I): can understand the problems contained in the problem in a relatively faster time and can mention what is known and asked orally and communicate that what is written has been through calculations outside the head, pay attention to the sketches drawn and be able to write assumptions from the results of their attention, show silent activities and trial and error, can solve in two different ways even if you make a mistake several times, and only equate the final result in both ways and check the steps of the work. (3) The creative thinking process of impulsive students (S25I): can understand the problems in the problem in a relatively faster time, can mention what is known and asked orally, can do trial and error activities and recall ideas found if they have difficulties, do silent activities while playing stationery and veils worn but still look relaxed, can finish in two different ways, as well as simply equate the final result in both ways and check the pace of the work

A Creative Thinking Process of Junior High School Students in Solving Story Problems Viewed from Field Dependent – Field Independent Cognitive Style

Giving math subjects is very important in life. This is in line with content standards in Permendiknas No. 22 of 2006 that mathematics subjects need to be given to train and teach thinking skills, one of which is creative thinking. The purpose of this study was to describe the creative thinking processes of junior high school students with field dependent and field independent cognitive styles in solving problems on the material surface area of geometric figures. The subjects in this study were one student each with field dependent and field independent cognitive styles who had high and equal mathematical abilities and were male. The research instruments used were GEFT sheets to classify cognitive styles, Mathematical Ability Test (MAT) sheets to classify students' mathematical abilities, Problem Solving Task sheets (PST) and interview guidelines to find out in detail the students' creative thinking processes. Based on the results of the research conducted, the creative thinking process of students with field dependent cognitive style at the preparatory stage read the questions twice to understand the questions, at the incubation stage field dependent students needed 15 minutes to get out of this stage. At the illumination stage, field dependent students were not fluent in solving problems and only had one solution idea. At the verification stage, field dependent students are unsure of their answers and have no other solution ideas. The thinking process of students with field independent cognitive styles in the preparation stage of field independent students read the questions twice to understand the questions. At the incubation stage, independent field students managed to get out of this stage and found ideas to solve questions for 5-10 minutes. In the illumination stage, field independent students smoothly solve problems and have several ideas for solving them. At the verification stage, field independent students are very confident with their answers and have other solutions.

Berpikir Matematis dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Barisan Dan Deret Aritmetika Ditinjau Dari Kecemasan Matematika

The study aims to describe the mathematical thinking process of students who have low, medium, and high levels of math anxiety in solving arithmetic sequence and Series problems. This study is a descriptive qualitative research. The data collection method used math anxiety tests, math ability tests, thought process tests, and interviews to determine students ' thought processes. The subjects of the study consisted of three high school XI female students with equivalent mathematical ability that is medium. The ability of students is measured using a math ability test that contains questions related to Class X material. Students with low anxiety solved the problem well and were full of confidence that the answers given were correct. Students with anxiety are solving problems well despite some mistakes and a little doubt about the answers given. Students with anxiety are solving problems with some errors and are not confident that the answers given are correct

TAṬWĪR AL-NAMUŻAJ LI TA’LĪM MAHĀRAH AL-QIRĀAH ‘ALA ASĀS MAHĀRĀT AL-TAFKĪR AL-‘ULYA WA AL-MA’RIFAH ‘AN AL-MUḤTAWA WA AL-TA’LĪM WA AL-TIKNŪLŪJIYA

The target of high-level thinking in learning reading skills at the Abdullah Faqih Gresik Islamic Institute has not been fully fulfilled, and also has not been able to utilize modern technology, this makes learning ineffective and less enjoyable because there is no appropriate learning model. The purpose of this research is to develop a reading skill model based on Higher Order Thinking Skill (HOTS) and Technology, Pedagogy and Content Knowledge (TPACK) and determine its validity, practicality and effectiveness. This type of research is research and development with Borg and Gall steps. The results of the validation questionnaire from the test results of 88% of model component experts with good and honest averages, 80% of media experts with the same standard and 80% of learning material experts with the same average. After conducting field trials, the results showed that the new learning model was more effective than the old one. It was demonstrated by the results of the T-test value using the SPSS 22 program, which is (0.000) smaller than the T-table degree at a significance level of 0.05% (0.05). This effectiveness is also shown by the summative value results of female students with an average of 81.7 or good predicates. The theoretical results of this study indicate that the learning process based on higher order thinking skills and modern technology contributes to the thinking process of students in a comfortable and enjoyable way.

Metacognition & learning process: Using think-aloud protocol (TAP) to understand students and their teacher’s reflection processes during a problem-solving situation

Introduction. Today, the act of teaching has become increasingly intricate. Multiple fields of science now aid in comprehending this complexity, enabling instructors to support learners through-out their educational journey.Aim. The main aim of this study is to determine cognitive and metacognitive thinking process of students and their teachers during a problem-solving situation.Research methodology and methods. The authors used think-aloud protocol (TAP) in which students (12 participants at the same level) were asked to verbalise their thoughts during a learning activity (math exercise and written production). Similarly, during a pedagogical intervention, nine participants with varying levels of professional experience were required to articulate their professional practices as educators. It should be noted that our approach is purely qualitative following Ericsson and Simon’s approach, from data collection step to coding system and processing of these data.Results and scientific novelty. The results showed that half of the students solved well what was asked in the problem-solving situation, contrary to the other participants who found particular difficulties in each type of situation proposed (in math and in written production). For the teachers, their verbalisations tend towards three aspects with a degree of dominance for each teacher. The authors consider hat their research is a first step towards a new approach of evaluation of the teaching-learning act that includes both the teacher and the learners simultaneously.Practical significance. The results obtained can be used by pedagogical practitioners to better understand how their learners think on the one hand and develop their professional practices on the other.

PROSES BERPIKIR DALAM MEMECAHKAN MASALAH BERDASARKAN TINGKAT KEMAMPUAN MATEMATIKA PADA SISWA KELAS VIII SMP

This study aims to determine the thinking process of students with high, medium and low abilities in solving mathematical problems in the Material of a Two-variable Linear Equation System using Polya theory for class VIII SMP Bina Kusuma in the academic year 2022/2023. Each student has different abilities so the teacher can choose a variety of learning methods according to the student's ability level. The approach used is a qualitative approach. The research subjects were 6 students of class VIII SMP Bina Kusuma Ruteng. Data collection in this study was carried out through tests, interviews and documentation with the research instruments, namely the first-semester report cards of mathematical abilities, problem-solving tests and interviews. The data analysis used is the data analysis model of Miles and Huberman, namely, data collection, data reduction, data presentation and concluding. The results of the analysis of research data show that conceptual thinking processes are only owned by students with high mathematical abilities, while semi-conceptual thinking processes only occur in students with moderate mathematical abilities, and computational thinking processes only occur in students with low mathematical abilities.

Student Thinking Process in Solving Mathematical Representation Problems

This research was qualitative research with descriptive approach, which aimed determined the level of success of students in solving representation problems based on the type of representation, namely numbers, algebra, geometry, and statistics and to know their thinking processes. The subjects of this study were first semester students at Patompo University who were selected using a purposive sampling technique. The subjects of this study were 2 students in each representational domain. Data were analyzed to determine the results of problem solving and students' thinking processes in solving representation problems in mathematics. Based on the results of the research on solving visual representation problems based on TRM-01 and TRM-02, most of the students failed especially in algebraic material which was caused by difficulties in solving representation problems. This is shown based on the percentage of students' success in solving representation questions.

LITERATUR STUDY OF STUDENTS MATHEMATICAL PROBLEM SOLVING ABILITIES ON HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILL QUESTIONS FROM VARIOUS LEARNING MODELS

This study aims to determine the results of a literature study on students' mathematical problem solving abilities on higher order thinking skill (HOTS) questions from various learning models. Students' problem solving abilities in identifying elements that are known or needed in solving mathematical problems, formulating mathematical problems, selecting problem solving, and re-examining problem solving to then make solutions in other ways or develop student problem solving when students are faced with math problem. High Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) is a thinking process of students at a higher cognitive level that is developed from various cognitive concepts and methods and learning taxonomies such as problem solving methods, bloom taxonomies, and learning, teaching, and assessment taxonomies. Based on the results of the analysis of the results of the study, it was concluded that students' mathematical problem solving abilities could be improved by applying problem based learning and discovery learning models. And the learning model that is better used is the Problem Based Learning.

Understanding students' problem-solving patterns: Evidence from an allotted response time in a PISA 2012 item.

Understanding students' learning characteristics is central to successfully designing student-centered learning. Particularly in the problem-solving area, it is vital to know that students can possess their styles to solve problems, which should be considered central to addressing adaptive learning. To date, analyzing students' learning characteristics has been mainly based on their final answers. However, there is a limit to understanding the thinking process of students with the correct answer, because their responses are, de facto, singular and identical. With this background, we propose an approach for investigating students' cognitive behavior in problem-solving using response time in the process data. In this paper, we analyzed an item in Programme for International Student Assessment 2012 Creative Problem Solving (CP038q1). We analyzed log data from the PISA CPS item Ticket encompassing 30,453 students (7,196 students with the correct answer and 23,257 students with incorrect answers) from 42 countries. We found that students with the correct answer are categorized into four clusters, and the problem-solving patterns of each cluster are distinguishable. We also showed the internal validity of this approach by confirming that students with incorrect answers can also be similarly classified. Our results indicate that allotted response time in an item can shed light on several distinguished problem-solving patterns, which implies that adaptive learning and feedback are vital for them.

STUDENTS’ THINKING PROCESS IN SOLVING MATHEMATICS PROBLEMS REVIEWING FROM COGNITIVE STYLE

This research aims to identify and describe the thinking process of students in solving mathematical problems, both students who have a field-independent type of cognitive style (GK-FI) and students who have a field-dependent type of cognitive style (GK-FD). The subjects of this study were eight people, consisting of four GK-FI students and four GK-FD students. Data was collected using the Group Embedded Figure Test (GEFT). The process of selecting subjects was carried out in stages (a) determining the class to be the subject of the study, (b) giving the GEFT test, (c) analyzing the results of the GEFT test, (d) determining the research subjects, each consisting of 4 students. The research process follows the stages: (a) reviewing theory and conducting an initial survey, (b) preparing research instruments, (c) collecting research data both written data and interview data, (d) validating data using triangulation techniques, (e) analyzing data on mathematical problems to get an overview of the procedures used by students in solving mathematical problems, and (f) revealing students' thinking processes in solving mathematical problems based on students' cognitive styles. The thinking processes of GK-FI and GK-FD subjects in solving mathematical problems are as follows: (1) In the process of forming an understanding, the GK-FI subject receives and parses based on its parts, then makes a problem-solving plan, while the GK-FD subject does not parse based on its parts. (2) In the process of forming opinions, the subject of GK-FI performs with an analytical process while the subject of GK-FD performs with a process of trial and error and matching. (3) In the process of drawing conclusions, the GK-FI subject conducts an examination or checks the results first, while the GK-FD subject does not do.

PROSES BERPIKIR REFRAKTIF MAHASISWA BERGAYA KOGNITIF INTUITIVE DALAM MENYELESAIKAN MASALAH KOMPLEKS

This study aims to describe and examine the refractive thinking process of students with intuitive cognitive styles in solving complex problems. This research is an exploratory, descriptive study with a qualitative approach. The prospective research subjects were SWCU and UMS Mathematics Education undergraduate students, totaling 239 students consisting of 155 SWCU students and 84 UMS students. The subjects of this study consisted of 2 students with intuitive cognitive styles. The research instruments include the main and supporting instruments, including complex problems, cognitive style questionnaires, and interview grids. This research results from the refractive thinking process of Mathematics Education students with an intuitive cognitive style in solving complex problems, including perplexity, investigation, construct, evaluation and decision. The stages of an investigation, construct, and evaluation is carried out repeatedly and not sequentially (randomly). The perplexity stage occurs not only at the beginning of the stage but also occurs at each stage of refractive thinking. In addition, students decide to make sewing scheduling guesses based on their intuition.

Investigating Functional Thinking Processes that Impact on Function Composition Problems in Indonesia

Background : Every student has the ability to think, especially the ability to think when solving mathematical problems. The teacher must explore this ability to determine student understanding of the material being taught. Functions are important material because they are the basis for understanding algebra. The way of thinking about function is called functional thinking. Objective : This study aims to investigate the functional thinking process of students in solving mathematical problems based on the APOS theory. Design : This type of research is qualitative through an exploratory descriptive approach. Setting and participants : Two out of 44 university students who can communicate fluently when working on questions using the think-aloud and interview methods. Data analysis : Analysis of students’ functional thinking processes using the triangulation method, namely comparing think-aloud data, student answer sheets, and interview results. Results : This study found two ways of student functional thinking processes, namely semi-compositional functional thinking processes and compositional functional thinking processes, where students can generalise the relationship between quantity variations in the form of a composition function. Conclusion : This study investigates the functional thinking process of students in exploring the understanding of the concept of function so that students are expected to be able to represent and generalise function forms.

The spatial thinking process of the field-dependent students in reconstructing the geometrical concept

<p><span lang="EN-US">Reconstructing geometrical concepts requires a spatial thinking process, so the spatial thinking process will be correct and complete. The phenomena of cognitive style differences cause different perceptions and thinking activities to solve geometric problems. This qualitative-explorative research describes the spatial thinking process of students with field-dependent cognitive styles in reconstructing the concept of spatial geometry based on the theory of Action-Process-Object-Schema (APOS). The research subjects were 27 students and obtained five students with field-dependent cognitive styles. The researchers used a purposive sampling technique from the subjects with a certain consideration. The researchers selected a student that met the three elements of spatial thinking and the five indicators of spatial ability. This research collected the data with interviews, documentation, and group embedded figure test (GEFT). The analyzing techniques used data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and concluding. The spatial thinking process of the field-dependent students had a spatial category with three indications: i) Inaccuracy in the elements of representational thinking; ii) The inaccuracy of spatial perception indicators; and iii) Not using de-encapsulation mental mechanisms.</span></p>

Defragmentation of The False-Pseudo Thinking Process of Students in Solving Mathematical Connection Ability Problems

The purpose of this research is to describe the defragmentation of pseudo-thinking processes carried out by students in problem solving of mathematical connection abilities. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method. The data collection techniques used mathematical connection ability test with questions on the Pythagorean Theorem which contained indicators of mathematical connecetions (connections between mathematical topics, connections with other disciplines, and connections with everyday life) and unstructured interviews. The research subject were taken from students of class VIII of SMPN 5 Tasikmalaya who experienced a pseudo thingking process that focused on false-pseudo and could take responsibility for the results of their work. The results showed that defragmentation was carried out on students who experienced false-pseudo through several stages, namely scanning, check some errors, repairing (disequilibration, conflict cognitive, and scaffolding), give a chance to re-work, and certain the result. Based on the defragmentation carried out, students who experience false-pseudo can reflect on their mistakes and restructure the thought process that was originally false into correct and clear thought process.