Thin-layer Electrochemistry Research Articles

Study of platinum electrodes by means of thin layer electrochemistry and low-energy electron diffraction 0: Part I. Electrode surface structure after exposure to water and aqueous electrolytes

Thin layer electrochemistry (t.l.e.) was combined with low-energy electron diffraction (l.e.e.d) in order to study the relationship between electrochemical reactivity and the structure of the electrode surface with an adsorbed layer of electrolyte. Atomically clean Pt(100) single crystal electrode surfaces were prepared and characterized by means of l.e.e.d and a.e.s. The elemental composition of the interface was monitored by means of a.e.s., at a sensitivity of about 1% of a monolayer toward significant surface contaminants, after each stage of the experiment, so as to verify the absence of accidental contamination throughout the procedure. An adsorbed layer remains on the Pt(100) surface after treatment with liquid H 2O or vapor. This layer gives well defined l.e.e.d. patterns, indicating that the metal surface has reconstructed from the [√29×√170, 111.8 0]R 4.4 0 R 4.4° symmetry observed before to the simpler [1×1] surface. Treatment of the surface with 1 M HClO 4 gave a similar l.e.e.d. pattern, but with more evidence of diffuse scattering by the adsorbed layer, and strong a.e.s. signals for the elements Cl and O.

Determination of Phenolic Sympathetic Stimulants in Pharmaceuticals by Liquid Chromatography with Electrochemical Detection

Abstract A highly sensitive and selective instrument system combining pellicular cation exchange chromatography with thin layer electrochemistry is applied to the analysis of pharmaceutical dosage forms. Procedures are described for phenolic sympathetic amines in solid and liquid preparations. Satisfactory quantitation is achieved on the nanogram level with minimum sample manipulation and without need for any chemical reagents. Great advantage is demonstrated over previously described colorimetric, fluorometric, and gas chromatographic procedures.

Electrochemical Detection of Selected Organic Components in the Eluate from High-Performance Liquid-Chromatography

Abstract High-performance liquid chromatography can be combined with hydrodynamic thin-layer electrochemistry for determination of trace amounts of organic constituents in complex samples. With small and inexpensive analyzers based on these two techniques, as little as 1 pg of an electrochemically active component can be detected in a few minutes. Because many of the important low-molecular-weight organic constituents of body fluids— both endogenous metabolites and drugs—undergo electrochemical reactions, it seems reasonable to presume that useful assays might be developed by using the above methodology. Beginning to explore this presumption, we illustrate how uric acid, ascorbic acid, catecholamines, and related tyrosine metabolites might be measured in urine and serum. In some cases, liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection provides better sensitivity, selectivity, and speed than traditional methods, while minimizing the need for analytical reagents. We describe the basic approach and progress to date and suggest future applications.

Gold twin-electrodes in thin-layer electrochemistry

The characteristics of a gold twin-electrode system in a thin-layer cell containing 0.1 M perchloric acid, and varying amounts of sodium chloride, were investigated by triangular sweep voltammetry. The “adsorbed oxygen” layer starts to form above 1 V, and the peak from reduction of this layer shifts from 0.88 V to 0.65 V on changing the turn-around potential from 1.02 to 2.0 V. A distinct adsorption peak appears at 0.5 V, with cathodic peaks at 0.4 V and -0.1 V. Chloride adsorption is observed at 0.6 V, with desorption at 0.4 V. The dissolution of the gold electrode to gold(III) chloride occurs at 1.1 V; but this reaction is blocked above 1.2 V by the formation of the “adsorbed oxygen” layer. The peak from the reduction of the gold(III) chloride is located at 0.7 V and is separable from the “adsorbed oxygen” reduction peak. The electrode surface obtained from the reduction of gold(III) chloride shows characteristics different from those obtained by the reduction of the “adsorbed oxygen” layer.

Thin-layer electrochemistry. Minimization of uncompensated resistance

Thin-layer electrochemistry. Minimization of uncompensated resistance

Study of electrochemistry of chloride and bromide complexes of platinum(II) and -(IV) by thin-layer electrochemistry

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStudy of electrochemistry of chloride and bromide complexes of platinum(II) and -(IV) by thin-layer electrochemistryArthur T. Hubbard and Fred C. AnsonCite this: Anal. Chem. 1966, 38, 13, 1887–1893Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1966https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50155a052RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views384Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (730 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts

Twin-electrode thin-layer electrochemistry. Kinetics of second-order disproportionation of uranium(V) by decay of steady-state current

Twin-electrode thin-layer electrochemistry. Kinetics of second-order disproportionation of uranium(V) by decay of steady-state current

Diagnostic criteria for the study of chemical and physical processes by twin-electrode thin-layer electrochemistry

The application of twin working electrode thin-layer electrochemistry to interpretation of various chemical, electrochemical, and physical processes is discussed. It is noted that certain unique features of the thin-layer techniques are of particular advantage in the study of rates of chemical reactions coupled to the electron-transfer step, the electron-transfer reaction itself, adsorption phenomena, and reactions involving production of solids and gases. Several potential and current excitations are described, and the typical cell responses are illustrated and analyzed for their diagnostic value.

Determination of Adsorbed Cobalt and Iron Ethylenedinitrilotetracetate Complexes on Platinum Electrodes by Thin Layer Electrochemistry.

Determination of Adsorbed Cobalt and Iron Ethylenedinitrilotetracetate Complexes on Platinum Electrodes by Thin Layer Electrochemistry.

Twin-Electrode Thin-Layer Electrochemistry. Determination of Chemical Reaction Rates by Decay of Steady-State Current.

Twin-Electrode Thin-Layer Electrochemistry. Determination of Chemical Reaction Rates by Decay of Steady-State Current.

Further Study of the Iodide-Iodine Couple at Platinum Electrodes by Thin Layer Electrochemistry.

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFurther Study of the Iodide-Iodine Couple at Platinum Electrodes by Thin Layer Electrochemistry.A. T. Hubbard, R. A. Osteryoung, and F. C. AnsonCite this: Anal. Chem. 1966, 38, 6, 692–697Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1966https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60238a006RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views421Altmetric-Citations88LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (730 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts

Thin-layer electrochemistry: use of twin working electrodes for the study of chemical kinetics

The steady-state currents attainable with twin electrode thin-layer electrochemistry offer a novel approach for the study of chemical kinetic processes. Expressions are presented- relating the chemical rate constant to the steady-state current, and the upper limit of pseudo-first-order rate constant measurable by the technique estimated to be 5·10 2 sec −1. A number of electrode materials suitable for use as twin working electrodes are listed, as well as the major limitations on the technique imposed by electrode design. Application of the technique to the study of bimolecular reactions between substances electrogenerated at opposing electrodes is discussed.

Thin-layer electrochemistry: steady-state methods of studying rate processes

Potential applications are considered for twin-electrode thin-layer electrolysis. Determination of diffusion coefficients, electron-transfer rate constants, and concentration of electroactive species are possible using steady-state currents attainable with the twin-electrode technique. The technique is applied to the Fe(II)-Fe(III) and the quinone-hydroquinone systems.